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題名 綠色思維下現代企業之策略性再思考
作者 林信良
貢獻者 管康彥
林信良
日期 2002
上傳時間 9-May-2016 16:13:49 (UTC+8)
摘要 　　本研究旨在探討企業如何跳脫為環保而環保的舊思維，並在創造企業利潤的前提下，運用綠色思維來差異化顧客價值，進而建立新型態的競爭優勢。\n　　首先，本研究從文獻中歸納出兩種不同的策略思維，其分別為自然資源基礎觀點與經營策略觀點。在自然資源基礎觀點下，學者Hart(1995)提出污染防制(Pollution Prevention)、全面產品管理(Product Stewardship)、與永續發展(Sustainable Development)三個環境策略；而在經營策略觀點下，本研究整理出成本降低(Cost Reduction)、風險規避(Risk Aversion)、與永續優勢(Sustainable Advantage)三個經營焦點。藉由三個經營焦點與三種不同環境策略的搭配，瞭解到企業為何且如何運用環境策略來創造顧客價值。\n　　透過上述的交互關係，本研究進一步提出綠色思維下顧客價值創造之觀念性模式。在顧客價值創造之焦點與技術創新程度的構面下，切割出製造效率(Manufacturing Efficiency)、資源創新(Resource Initiative)、整合價值(Integrated Value)、與永續價值(Sustainable Value)四個象限，並推衍出製造效率至資源創新、製造效率至整合價值、製造效率至永續價值三種環境策略的轉換模式。\n　　最後，對於台灣企業未來之策略性再思考，本研究建議可採製造效率至整合價值的轉換模式，以技術整合的長才來滿足顧客在自然環境下的潛在需求，進而創造出企業利潤。
參考文獻 一、中文部分\n1. 王俊秀著，全球變遷與變遷全球：環境社會學的視野，台北：巨流圖書，民國八十八年\n2. 王孝如譯，The Club of Rome著，第一次全球革命，台北：時報文化，民國八十一年\n3. 毛慶生等著，經濟學，台北：華泰，民國八十八年\n4. 片山修著，豐田的經營模式，台北：林鬱文化，民國九十年\n5. 司徒達賢著，資源基礎理論與企業競爭優勢關係之探討，行政院國科會科資中心，民國八十四年\n6. 李公哲等著，永續發展導論，台北：中華民國環境工程學會，民國八十七年\n7. 於幼華等著，環境與人，台北：遠流，民國八十七年\n8. 吳思華著，策略九說，台北：臉譜文化，民國八十七年\n9. 許舜青譯，McInerney, F., & White, S (1995) 著，環保出擊，台北：遠流，民國八十七年\n10.湯德宗著，美國環境法論集，台北：湯德宗，民國七十九年\n11.溫肇東著，企業的環境管理，台北：遠流，民國八十八年\n12.黃明明譯，Packard, D.著，惠普風範-比爾‧惠烈與大衛‧普克的創業傳奇，台北：智庫，民國八十四年\n13.黃淵源譯，豐田英二著，決斷，台北：卓越文化，民國七十五年\n14.經濟部工業局，生態效益-主導21世紀的經營理念，台北：經濟部工業局，民國九十年\n15.經濟部工業局，產業永續發展推動策略，台北：經濟部工業局，民國八十八年\n16.廖宜邦譯，政大企研企政個案-孟山多，民國九十一年\n17.蔡宏進與廖正宏著，人口學，台北：巨流圖書，民國七十六年\n18.歐姿漣譯，Togo, Yukiyasu., & Wartman, W.著，穩操勝算，台北：聯經，民國八十六年\n二、英文部分\n1. Allenby, B., “Design for environment: A tool whose time has come,” SSA Journal, September, pp. 6-9, 1991.\n2. Barney, J., “Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage,” Journal of Management, Vol. 17, pp.99-120, 1991.\n3. Banerjee, S. B., “Corporate environmentalism: The construct and its measurement,” Journal of Business Research,Vol. 55, pp.177-191, 2002.\n4. Bansal, P., & Roth, K., “Why companies go green: A Model of ecological responsiveness,” Academy of Management Journal,Vol. 43, No. 4, pp.717-736, 2000.\n5. Bennis, W., & Nanus, B., Leaders, New York : Harper & Row.,1985.\n6. Berry, M. A., & Rodinelli, D. A., “Proactive corporate environmental management: A new industrial revolution,” Academy of Management Executive, Vol.12, No.2, pp. 38-50,1998.\n7. Clark, K., & Fujimoto, T., Product Development performance,Boston : Harvard Business School Press, 1991.\n8. Cole, R., Strategies for learning, Berkeley : University of California Press, 1991.\n9. Conner, K., “A historical comparison of resource-based theory and five schools of thought within industrial organization economics: Do we have a new theory of the firm ?” Journal of Management, Vol. 17, pp.121-154, 1991.\n10.Cristmann, P., “Effects of Best Practices of environmental management on cost advantage:The role of complementary assets,” Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 43, No. 4,pp. 663-680, 2000.\n11.Dierickx, I., & Cool, K., “Asset stock accumulation and sustainability of competitive advantage,” Management Science,Vol.35, pp.1504-1511, 1989.\n12.DeSimone, L. D., & Popoff, F., Eco-efficiency: The business link to sustainable development, Cambridge,Mass : MIT Press, 1997.\n13.Epstein, M. J., & Roy, M-J., “Sustainability in action:Identifying and measuring the key performance drivers,” Long Range Planning, Vol.34, pp.585-604, 2002.\n14.Fiksel, J., “Design for environment : The new quality imperative,” Corporate Environmental Strategy, Vol. 1,pp. 49-55, 1993.\n15.Frosch, R., & Gallopoulos, N., “Strategies for manufacturing,” Scientific American, September, pp.144-152,1989.\n16.Grant, R. M., “The resource-based theory of competitive advantage: Implications for strategy formulation,”California Management Review,Vol. 33, No.3, pp.114-135, 1991.\n17.Hamel, G., & Prahalad, C.K., “Strategic intent,” Harvard Business Review, Vol. 67,No. 3, pp. 63-76, 1989.\n18.Hammer, M. & Champy, J., Reengineering the corporation,New York : HarperBusiness, 1993.\n19.Hart, S., “An integrative framework for strategy-making processes,” Academy of Management Review, Vol. 17,pp. 327-351, 1992.\n20.Hart, S. L., “A natural-resource-based view of the firm,”Academy of Management Review, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 986-1014,1995.\n21.Hart, S. L., & Ahuja, G., “Does it pay to be green ? An empirical examination of relationship between emission reduction and firm performance,” Business Strategy and the Environment, Vol. 5, pp. 30-37, 1996.\n22.Hart, S. L., “Beyond greening: strategies for a sustainable world,” Harvard Business Review, Vol. 75, No. 1, pp. 67-76, 1997.\n23.Hoffman, A. J., From heresy to dogma: An institutional,history of corporate environmentalism, San Francisco : New Lexington Press, 1997.\n24.Hunt, C., & Auster, E., “Proactive environmental management: Avoiding the toxic trap,” Sloan Management Review, Vol. 31, pp.7-18, 1990.\n25.Ido, Ichiro., Yamatake Powerpoint, 2002.\n26.Jansen, J. L. A., & Vergragt, Ph. J., Sustainable development: A challenge to technology, The Hague : Dutch Ministry of Housing, Physical Planning, and the Environment,1992.\n27.Keoleian, G., & Menerey, D., Life cycle design guidance manual, Cincinnati, OH : Environmental Protection Agency,1993.\n28.King, A. A., & Lenox, M. J., “Industry self-regulation without sanctions: The chemical industry’s responsible care program,” Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 43, No. 4,pp.698-716, 2000.\n29.Lovins, A. B., Lovins, L. H., & Hawken, P., “A road map for natural capitalism,” Harvard Business Review,Vol. 77, No. 3, pp. 145-158, 1999.\n30.Magretta, J., “Growth through global sustainability: An interview with Monsanto``s CEO, Robert B. Shapiro,” Harvard Business Review, Vol. 75, No.1, pp. 79-88, 1997.\n31.Makower, J., The E factor, New York : Times Books, 1993.\n32.Nehrt, C., “Maintainability of first mover advantages when environmental regulations differ between countries,”Academy of Management Review, Vol. 23 , pp. 77-97, 1998.\n33.Peattie, K., Green Marketing, London : Pitman Publishing,1992.\n34.Penrose, E. T., The theory of the growth of the firm,New York : John Wiley, 1959.\n35.Porter, M. E., & van der Linde, C., “Green and competitive:Ending the stalemate,” Harvard Business Review, Vol. 73,No. 5, pp. 120-134, 1995.\n36.Post, J., & Altman, B., Corporate environmentalism: The challenge of organizational learning, Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management, Miami Beach,FL. 1991.\n37.Preston, L., “Sustainability at Hewlett-Packard: From theory to practices,” California Management Review,Vol. 43, No. 3, pp. 26-37, 2001.\n38.Reed, R., & Defillippi, R., “Causal ambiguity, barriers to imitation, and sustainable competitive advantage” Academy of Management Review, Vol. 15, pp. 88-102, 1990.\n39.Reinhardt, F. L., “Bringing the environment down to earth,” Harvard Business Review, Vol. 77, No. 4,pp. 149-157, 1998.\n40.Robert, K-H., “The natural step,” Timeline, March/April, pp.1-24, 1995.\n41.Romm, J., Lean and clean management, New York : Kodansha International, 1994.\n42.Roome, N., “Linking quality and environment,” Business Strategy and the Environment, Vol. 1, pp. 11-24, 1992.\n43.Rooney, C., “Economics of pollution prevention: How waste reduction pays,” Pollution Prevention Review,Vol. 3 (Summer), pp. 261-276, 1993.\n44.Rugman, A. M. & Verbeke, A., “A corporate strategies and environmental regulations: An organizing framework,”Strategic Management Journal, Vol.19, No. 4, pp. 363-375,1998.\n45.Rumelt, R., Towards a strategic theory of the firm, In R.Lamb(Ed.). Competitive Strategic Management, NJ : Prentice-Hall, 1984.\n46.Russo, M. V., & Fouts, P. A. “A resource-based perspective on corporate environmental performance and profitability,” Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 40, pp. 534-559, 1997.\n47.Schmidheiny, S., Changing course, Cambridge, MA : MIT Press, 1992.\n48.Senge, P., The fifth discipline, New York : Doubleday, 1990.\n49.Sharma, S. & Vredenburg, H., “Proactive corporate environmental and the development of competitively valuable organizational capabilities,” Strategic Management Journal,Vol. 19, No. 8, pp. 729-753, 1998.\n50.Sharma, S., “Managerial interpretations and organizational context as predictors of corporate choice of environmental strategy,” Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 43, No. 4,pp.681-697, 2000.\n51.Shrivastava, P., “Environmental technologies and competitive advantage,” Strategic Management Journal,Vol. 16(Summer), pp. 183-200, 1995.\n52.Smart, B. (Ed.), Beyond compliance: A new industry view of environment, Washington, DC : World Resources Institute,1992.\n53.Starik, M., & Marcus, A. A., “Introduction to the special research forum on the management of organizations in the natural environment: A field emerging from multiple paths,with many challenges ahead,” Academy of Management Journal,Vol. 43, No. 4, pp.539-546, 2000.\n54.Thomlison, B., “Environmental consumerism must meet needs of corporate stakeholders,” Marketing News, Vol. 26, No. 9,pp. 12, 1992.\n55.Walley, N., & Whitehead, B., “It’s not easy being green,”Harvard Business Review, Vol. 72, No. 3, pp. 46-52, 1994.\n56.Welford, R., “Breaking the link between quality and the environment: Auditing for sustainability and life cycle analysis,” Business Strategy and the Environment,Vol. 4(Winter) ,pp. 25-33, 1993.\n57.Welford, R., Environmental Strategy and sustainable development, London : Routledge, 1995.\n58.Westley, F., & Vrendenburg, H., “Strategic bridging: The collaboration between environmentalists and business in making of green products,” Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, Vol. 27 ,pp. 65-90, 1991.\n59.Willig, J. (Ed.), Environmental TQM, New York : McGraw-Hill,1994.\n60.Young, J., Reducing waste, saving materials, In L. brown et al. (Eds.), State of the World, pp. 39-55,New York : Norton, 1991.\n三、企業網站\n1. Toyota, Environmental Report, 2001.\n2. Yamatake, Environmental Report, 2000.\n3. http://global.toyota.com\n4. http://www.yamatake.co.jp\n5. http://www.monsanto.com\n6. http://www.hp.com
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
企業管理學系
89355026
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#A2010000286
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 管康彥zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 林信良zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 林信良zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2002en_US
dc.date.accessioned 9-May-2016 16:13:49 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 9-May-2016 16:13:49 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 9-May-2016 16:13:49 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) A2010000286en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/item?item_id=107585-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 企業管理學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 89355026zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 　　本研究旨在探討企業如何跳脫為環保而環保的舊思維，並在創造企業利潤的前提下，運用綠色思維來差異化顧客價值，進而建立新型態的競爭優勢。\n　　首先，本研究從文獻中歸納出兩種不同的策略思維，其分別為自然資源基礎觀點與經營策略觀點。在自然資源基礎觀點下，學者Hart(1995)提出污染防制(Pollution Prevention)、全面產品管理(Product Stewardship)、與永續發展(Sustainable Development)三個環境策略；而在經營策略觀點下，本研究整理出成本降低(Cost Reduction)、風險規避(Risk Aversion)、與永續優勢(Sustainable Advantage)三個經營焦點。藉由三個經營焦點與三種不同環境策略的搭配，瞭解到企業為何且如何運用環境策略來創造顧客價值。\n　　透過上述的交互關係，本研究進一步提出綠色思維下顧客價值創造之觀念性模式。在顧客價值創造之焦點與技術創新程度的構面下，切割出製造效率(Manufacturing Efficiency)、資源創新(Resource Initiative)、整合價值(Integrated Value)、與永續價值(Sustainable Value)四個象限，並推衍出製造效率至資源創新、製造效率至整合價值、製造效率至永續價值三種環境策略的轉換模式。\n　　最後，對於台灣企業未來之策略性再思考，本研究建議可採製造效率至整合價值的轉換模式，以技術整合的長才來滿足顧客在自然環境下的潛在需求，進而創造出企業利潤。zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 誌謝\n摘要\n目次\n圖表目次\n第一章　緒論-----1\n　　第一節　研究背景-----2\n　　　　一、綠色思維的定義-----2\n　　　　二、環境議題的演進-----2\n　　　　三、環境議題下之新趨勢-----4\n　　第二節　研究動機-----10\n　　第三節　研究設計-----11\n　　　　一、研究問題-----11\n　　　　二、研究方法與限制-----11\n第二章　文獻探討-----15\n　　第一節　資源基礎觀點下之環境策略-----17\n　　第二節　經營策略觀點下之環境策略-----30\n第三章　個案描述-----38\n　　第一節　豐田汽車-----38\n　　第二節　孟山都公司-----46\n　　第三節　惠普公司-----55\n　　第四節　山武公司-----66\n第四章　個案分析與命題發展-----74\n　　第一節　個案分析-----74\n　　第二節　命題發展-----81\n　　第三節　觀念性架構-----93\n第五章　結論-----99\n　　第一節　研究結論-----99\n　　第二節　研究啟示-----101\n　　第三節　未來研究方向-----103\n參考書目-----104\n　　中文部分-----104\n　　英文部分-----105\n　　企業網站-----110\n\n圖表目次\n表1-1　人類特殊典範與新生態典範的比較-----6\n表2-1　自然資源基礎觀點之觀念架構-----21\n圖2-1　持續性的競爭優勢-----26\n圖2-2　自然資源基礎之策略相互關係-----29\n圖2-3　環境、資源特性與經營風險之關聯-----34\n表2-2　因應環境變因之組織回應方式-----34\n圖3-1　豐田執行環保之組織架構圖-----40\n圖3-2　山武執行環保之組織架構圖-----69\n圖3-3　山武新事業之發展模式-----70\n圖3-4　山武能源節約之事業模式-----73\n表4-1　豐田汽車環境策略之轉換歷程-----75\n表4-2　孟山都環境策略之轉換歷程-----76\n表4-3　惠普環境策略之轉換歷程-----77\n表4-4　山武環境策略之轉換歷程-----78\n圖4-1　兩種觀點之相互關係-----91\n圖4-2　經營焦點與顧客價值之關係-----92\n圖4-3　綠色思維下顧客價值創造之觀念性模式-----95zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#A2010000286en_US
dc.title (題名) 綠色思維下現代企業之策略性再思考zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部分\n1. 王俊秀著，全球變遷與變遷全球：環境社會學的視野，台北：巨流圖書，民國八十八年\n2. 王孝如譯，The Club of Rome著，第一次全球革命，台北：時報文化，民國八十一年\n3. 毛慶生等著，經濟學，台北：華泰，民國八十八年\n4. 片山修著，豐田的經營模式，台北：林鬱文化，民國九十年\n5. 司徒達賢著，資源基礎理論與企業競爭優勢關係之探討，行政院國科會科資中心，民國八十四年\n6. 李公哲等著，永續發展導論，台北：中華民國環境工程學會，民國八十七年\n7. 於幼華等著，環境與人，台北：遠流，民國八十七年\n8. 吳思華著，策略九說，台北：臉譜文化，民國八十七年\n9. 許舜青譯，McInerney, F., & White, S (1995) 著，環保出擊，台北：遠流，民國八十七年\n10.湯德宗著，美國環境法論集，台北：湯德宗，民國七十九年\n11.溫肇東著，企業的環境管理，台北：遠流，民國八十八年\n12.黃明明譯，Packard, D.著，惠普風範-比爾‧惠烈與大衛‧普克的創業傳奇，台北：智庫，民國八十四年\n13.黃淵源譯，豐田英二著，決斷，台北：卓越文化，民國七十五年\n14.經濟部工業局，生態效益-主導21世紀的經營理念，台北：經濟部工業局，民國九十年\n15.經濟部工業局，產業永續發展推動策略，台北：經濟部工業局，民國八十八年\n16.廖宜邦譯，政大企研企政個案-孟山多，民國九十一年\n17.蔡宏進與廖正宏著，人口學，台北：巨流圖書，民國七十六年\n18.歐姿漣譯，Togo, Yukiyasu., & Wartman, W.著，穩操勝算，台北：聯經，民國八十六年\n二、英文部分\n1. Allenby, B., “Design for environment: A tool whose time has come,” SSA Journal, September, pp. 6-9, 1991.\n2. Barney, J., “Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage,” Journal of Management, Vol. 17, pp.99-120, 1991.\n3. Banerjee, S. B., “Corporate environmentalism: The construct and its measurement,” Journal of Business Research,Vol. 55, pp.177-191, 2002.\n4. Bansal, P., & Roth, K., “Why companies go green: A Model of ecological responsiveness,” Academy of Management Journal,Vol. 43, No. 4, pp.717-736, 2000.\n5. Bennis, W., & Nanus, B., Leaders, New York : Harper & Row.,1985.\n6. Berry, M. A., & Rodinelli, D. A., “Proactive corporate environmental management: A new industrial revolution,” Academy of Management Executive, Vol.12, No.2, pp. 38-50,1998.\n7. Clark, K., & Fujimoto, T., Product Development performance,Boston : Harvard Business School Press, 1991.\n8. Cole, R., Strategies for learning, Berkeley : University of California Press, 1991.\n9. 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