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題名 已婚職業婦女生活壓力與因應策略.社會支持之研究 作者 井敏珠 貢獻者 吳靜吉<br>謝高橋
井敏珠日期 1991 上傳時間 2016-05-11 摘要 本研究之主要目的係探討已婚職業婦女的活壓力、因應策略、社會支持與生活滿意之關係。 本研究使用的研究具為:個人基本資料調查表、工作壓力量表、家庭壓力量表、個人壓力量表、工作支持量表、家庭支持量表、個人支持量表、壓力調適量表(因應策略量表)、工作滿意量表、婚姻滿意量表、個人滿意量表。研究樣本為已婚職業婦女620人,其中商組309人,教組311人。研究所得的資料以皮爾遜積差相關、斯皮爾曼等級相關考驗、肯德爾和諧係數相關考驗、單因子單變量變異數分析、二因子多變量變異數分析、多元逐步迴歸分析、典型相關分析、T考驗、Schffe事後比較等統計方法進行電腦處理。 本研究的主要研究發現歸納如下: 壹、已婚職業婦女生活壓力、因應策略、社會支持、及生活滿意的概況 相關。 三、已婚職業婦女生活壓力與壓力因應在生活滿意之差異 (一)已婚職業婦女不同程度的生活壓力與因應策略其生活滿意之差異:教組生活壓力與因應策略對個人滿意產生交互影響,商組與全體已婚職業婦女則未產生交互作用,主要效果均有差異,低生活壓力和高因應策略組的生活滿意最高。 (二)已婚職業婦女不同程度的生活壓力與社會支持其生活滿意之差異:商組與全體的工作壓力和工作支持對婚姻滿意有交互作用,商組家庭壓力和家庭支持對工作滿意有交互作用,教組個人壓力和個人支持對個人滿意有交互作用,主要效果均有差異,教組高社會支持組生活滿意最高,兩組高生活壓力組生活滿意最低。 四、已婚職業婦女的生活壓力、因應策略、社會支持對生活滿意都是重要變項,對婚姻滿意的預測力最力,個人滿意次之,對工作滿意的預測力最低。 肆、已婚職業婦女的生活壓力與壓力因應之關係 一、已婚職業婦女的生活壓力與因應策略 (一)已婚職業婦女生活壓力與因應策略具有典型相關。 (二)已婚職業婦女的生活壓力在因應策略之差異 1.生活壓力高分組最常用因應策略為積極問題導向、消極問題導向、消極情感導向、積極情感導向的策略。 2.工作、家庭、個人不同型態壓力及不同程度的工作、家庭、個人壓力時因應策略大致相同,優先使用的因應策 工作壓力以工作品質及工作時與量的壓力較強,家庭壓子女教養家庭負擔的壓力較大,個人壓力以角色衝突和個人精神生活的壓力較大。常用的因應策略為積極問題導向與積極情感導向中的策略。工作、家庭與個人三種不同的壓力下,常用的策略大致相同,優先使用的策略順序不同。社會支持方面,在工作、家庭、和個人的支持人數平均都是五人,對先生的支持滿意度最高。工作滿意的內在滿足較高,外在滿足較低,一般滿足則為較滿意的。婚姻滿意度頗高。個人滿意,在社會生活積極面和消極面的滿意度較高,心理生活積極面和消極滿意度較低。 貳、不同背景變項在生活壓力、因應策略、社會支持、及生活滿意之差異 不同職業類別、年齡、子女概況商教兩組分別各有差異。不同教育程度,只有教職大學組的個人支持高於研究所組和專科組。不同職位,商職主管工作壓力大於非主管。不同家庭型態,商教兩組均沒有差異。不同收入,商職中收入和高收入組的工作滿意度高於低收入組,低收入組的婚姻滿意度高於高數入組。 參、已婚職業婦女生活壓力、壓力因應與生活滿意之關係 一、生活壓力與因應策略、社會支持大部分都有顯著負相關。生活壓力與生活滿意都有顯著負相關。因應策略、社會支持與生活滿意都有顯著正相關。 二、已婚職業婦女生活壓力、壓力因應與生活滿意具有典型 略則不同。 (三)已婚職業女婦女不同程度的因應策略其生活壓力商組沒有差異,教組高因應策略組家庭壓力、個人壓力、生活壓力都是最低,全體已婚職業婦女的差異與教組一致。 二、已婚職業婦女的生活壓力與社會支持 (一)已婚職業婦女的生活壓力與社會支持,不具顯著典型相關。 (二)商教兩組和全體已婚職業婦女不同程度的生活壓力其社會支持皆沒有差異。 (三)商教兩組不同程度的社會支持其生活壓力大部分有差異,高社會支持組生活壓力最低,全體已婚職業婦女生活壓力有差異,高社會支持組的生活壓力最低。 伍、已婚職業婦女的生活壓力和生活滿意之關係 一、已婚職業婦女因應策略與生活滿意 (一)已婚職業婦女因應策略與生活滿意具有典型相關,但解釋量太低,沒有多大意義。 (二)已婚職業婦女不同程度的因應策略其生活滿意有差異:商組高因應策略組的婚姻滿意、個人滿意最高,工作滿意沒有差異。教組高因應策略組的工作、婚姻、個人滿意皆最高。全體的高因應策略組的工作、婚姻、個人滿意都是高,中因應策略組次之,低因應策略組最低。 二、已婚職業婦女社會支持與生活滿意 (一)已婚職業婦女社會支持與生活滿意具有典型相關。 (二)已婚職業婦女不同程度的社會支持其生活滿意有差異:商組在婚姻滿意和個人滿?方面,高社會支持組大於低社會支持組,高社會支持組的工作滿意則最高。教組和全體相同,高社會支持組工作滿意、婚姻滿意、個人滿意都最高。 參考文獻 參考文獻 一、中文部份 王文秀(民73) :台北地區民營企業女性主管工作滿足之研究。東海大學企業管理研究所碩士學位論文。 王秀枝(民75) :生活事件、生活壓力及身心疾病的動力性關係,國立台灣大學心理研究所碩士論文 王珮玲(民76) :高中聯考壓力與國中生身心健康之研究,國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文。 王秋絨(民70) :國民中學組織環境對於教師角色壓力的影響,師大教育研究所碩士論文。 王美惠(民76) :已婚職業婦女之家務分工、性別角色態度和社會支援與婚姻滿意的研究。文化大學家政研究所碩士論文。 王慧姚(民7 0) :已婚職業婦女的角色衝突及其生活滿足度。臺灣大學心理學研究所碩士論文。 王慧敏(民76) :教師成就動機、園長領導方式對台北市幼稚團老師工作滿意影響之調查研究。政治大學教育研究所碩士論文。 田竹軍、嚴世傑譯(民79) : SPSS/ PC+高等統計篇。台北:儒林圖書有限公司。 石淑份(民74) :職業婦女個人屬性、工作環境與工作滿足之研究。台灣大學商學研究所碩士論文。 伊慶春(民77) :已婚職業婦女子女照顧之研究。行政院研究發展考核委員會編印 伊慶春(民71) : 已婚職業婦女的雙重角色:期望、衝突與調適」 社會科學整合論文集,陳昭南、江玉龍、陳寬政主編,南港中研究三民所叢刊。 吳清基(民68) :國民中學組織結構與教師工作滿意之關係,國立台灣師範大學教育研究所碩士論文 吳慧英(民78) :中年國小教師工作滿意、休閒滿意與生活滿意之關係。國立臺灣教育學院輔導研究所碩士論文 李國鼎(民70) :我國婦女對經濟社會發展的貢獻,中央研究院民族研究所集刊。 李蔚虹(民77) :已婚婦女的現代化程度、性別角色與生活滿意之相關研究。師範大學社會教育研究所碩士論文 李霞、趙曉美、林若蕙、陳志慧、連寬寬(民76) :北市國小女性教師多重角色調適之研究(上)(下)。教育資料文摘118 、119期 呂玉瑕(民69) :社會變遷中臺灣婦女之事業觀一婦女角色意識與就業態度的探討。中央研究院民族學研所集刊第5 0期頁25-66 民國69年秋季 呂玉瑕(民7 1) :現代婦女之角色態度的價值延伸現象,思與言。 呂勝瑛(民74) :工作壓力實證研究,教育與心理研究,第八期 林邦傑(民75) :統計方法的選擇與統計電腦套裝程式的使用。台北:正昇教育科學社。 林幸台(民75) :國民中學輔導人員工作壓力之調查研究,輔導學報, 9 期 林玟玟(民76) :教師A 型行為特質、社會支持與工作壓力之且在。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士學位論文。 林清山(民80) :多變項分析統計法。 台北:臺灣東華書局股份有限公司 俞筱鈞(民74) :台灣傑出女性在路塞爾測驗頻色選擇研究。中華心理學刊, 27 (1 ):13-25 。 洪冬桂(民75) :我國大學生適應問題、因應行為、求助偏好及其相關因素之研究。國立台灣大學教育研究所博士學位論文 洪秋月(民76) :單親婦女的支持系統與生活適應之研究。東海大學社會工作研究所碩士論文 胡慧深、楊芳文(民74) :己婚職業婦女與家庭主婦在婚姻關係與子女照顧上之探討(以新莊地區為例)。輔仁大學社會工作學系學士論文。 段亞新(民74) :大學生對生活事件的認知歷程及其身心適應,國立台灣大學心理研究所碩士論文 孫敏華(民71) :職業婦女與家庭主婦的生活滿意度及其子女之人格適應性別刻板化與成就動機之研究。 國立台灣灣師範大學輔導研究所碩士學位論文。 涂柏原(民76) :國二學生生活壓力自我強度與學業成就之因果模式,國立師範大學輔導研究所碩士論文。 高淑貴(民70) :變遷社會中母子關係調適之研究一職業婦女與家庭主婦之比較。行政院國科會研究計劃。 曹中瑋(民73) :自我狀態、夫妻問溝通型態與婚姻滿意度之相關研究。 台灣師範大學輔導研究所碩士論文。 許士軍(民66) :工作滿足,個人特徵與組織氣候- 文獻探討與實證研究,政大學報,第35期。 黃光國(民69) :生活事件之知覺一非計量多元尺度法之應用。中華心理學刊, 22(2):25-32 。 黃秀珠(民7 0) :台北市已婚職業婦女之婚姻生活研究,中國文化大學家政研究所碩士論文 黃俊英(民77) :多變量分析。 台北:中國經濟企業研究所出版 賣國隆(民71) :領導方式、工作特性、成就動機、內外控、專斷性與教師工作滿足的關係,國立政治大學教育與心理研究,五期,頁47-76 。 黃惠美(民73) :職業成功女性人格特質與工作滿足之研究。台灣師範大學家政教育研究所碩士論文 黃慧貞(民72) :生活壓力、歸因組型、社會支援與大學生之憂鬱症,國立台灣大學心理研究所碩士論文 郭生玉(民79) :心理與教育測驗O,台北:精華書局 游恆山編譯(民78) : 心理學。Philip G. 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國立政治大學
教育學系資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G91NCCV7322012 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 吳靜吉<br>謝高橋 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) 井敏珠 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) 井敏珠 zh_TW dc.date (日期) 1991 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2016-05-11 - dc.date.available 2016-05-11 - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2016-05-11 - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G91NCCV7322012 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/96455 - dc.description (描述) 博士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 教育學系 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究之主要目的係探討已婚職業婦女的活壓力、因應策略、社會支持與生活滿意之關係。 本研究使用的研究具為:個人基本資料調查表、工作壓力量表、家庭壓力量表、個人壓力量表、工作支持量表、家庭支持量表、個人支持量表、壓力調適量表(因應策略量表)、工作滿意量表、婚姻滿意量表、個人滿意量表。研究樣本為已婚職業婦女620人,其中商組309人,教組311人。研究所得的資料以皮爾遜積差相關、斯皮爾曼等級相關考驗、肯德爾和諧係數相關考驗、單因子單變量變異數分析、二因子多變量變異數分析、多元逐步迴歸分析、典型相關分析、T考驗、Schffe事後比較等統計方法進行電腦處理。 本研究的主要研究發現歸納如下: 壹、已婚職業婦女生活壓力、因應策略、社會支持、及生活滿意的概況 相關。 三、已婚職業婦女生活壓力與壓力因應在生活滿意之差異 (一)已婚職業婦女不同程度的生活壓力與因應策略其生活滿意之差異:教組生活壓力與因應策略對個人滿意產生交互影響,商組與全體已婚職業婦女則未產生交互作用,主要效果均有差異,低生活壓力和高因應策略組的生活滿意最高。 (二)已婚職業婦女不同程度的生活壓力與社會支持其生活滿意之差異:商組與全體的工作壓力和工作支持對婚姻滿意有交互作用,商組家庭壓力和家庭支持對工作滿意有交互作用,教組個人壓力和個人支持對個人滿意有交互作用,主要效果均有差異,教組高社會支持組生活滿意最高,兩組高生活壓力組生活滿意最低。 四、已婚職業婦女的生活壓力、因應策略、社會支持對生活滿意都是重要變項,對婚姻滿意的預測力最力,個人滿意次之,對工作滿意的預測力最低。 肆、已婚職業婦女的生活壓力與壓力因應之關係 一、已婚職業婦女的生活壓力與因應策略 (一)已婚職業婦女生活壓力與因應策略具有典型相關。 (二)已婚職業婦女的生活壓力在因應策略之差異 1.生活壓力高分組最常用因應策略為積極問題導向、消極問題導向、消極情感導向、積極情感導向的策略。 2.工作、家庭、個人不同型態壓力及不同程度的工作、家庭、個人壓力時因應策略大致相同,優先使用的因應策 工作壓力以工作品質及工作時與量的壓力較強,家庭壓子女教養家庭負擔的壓力較大,個人壓力以角色衝突和個人精神生活的壓力較大。常用的因應策略為積極問題導向與積極情感導向中的策略。工作、家庭與個人三種不同的壓力下,常用的策略大致相同,優先使用的策略順序不同。社會支持方面,在工作、家庭、和個人的支持人數平均都是五人,對先生的支持滿意度最高。工作滿意的內在滿足較高,外在滿足較低,一般滿足則為較滿意的。婚姻滿意度頗高。個人滿意,在社會生活積極面和消極面的滿意度較高,心理生活積極面和消極滿意度較低。 貳、不同背景變項在生活壓力、因應策略、社會支持、及生活滿意之差異 不同職業類別、年齡、子女概況商教兩組分別各有差異。不同教育程度,只有教職大學組的個人支持高於研究所組和專科組。不同職位,商職主管工作壓力大於非主管。不同家庭型態,商教兩組均沒有差異。不同收入,商職中收入和高收入組的工作滿意度高於低收入組,低收入組的婚姻滿意度高於高數入組。 參、已婚職業婦女生活壓力、壓力因應與生活滿意之關係 一、生活壓力與因應策略、社會支持大部分都有顯著負相關。生活壓力與生活滿意都有顯著負相關。因應策略、社會支持與生活滿意都有顯著正相關。 二、已婚職業婦女生活壓力、壓力因應與生活滿意具有典型 略則不同。 (三)已婚職業女婦女不同程度的因應策略其生活壓力商組沒有差異,教組高因應策略組家庭壓力、個人壓力、生活壓力都是最低,全體已婚職業婦女的差異與教組一致。 二、已婚職業婦女的生活壓力與社會支持 (一)已婚職業婦女的生活壓力與社會支持,不具顯著典型相關。 (二)商教兩組和全體已婚職業婦女不同程度的生活壓力其社會支持皆沒有差異。 (三)商教兩組不同程度的社會支持其生活壓力大部分有差異,高社會支持組生活壓力最低,全體已婚職業婦女生活壓力有差異,高社會支持組的生活壓力最低。 伍、已婚職業婦女的生活壓力和生活滿意之關係 一、已婚職業婦女因應策略與生活滿意 (一)已婚職業婦女因應策略與生活滿意具有典型相關,但解釋量太低,沒有多大意義。 (二)已婚職業婦女不同程度的因應策略其生活滿意有差異:商組高因應策略組的婚姻滿意、個人滿意最高,工作滿意沒有差異。教組高因應策略組的工作、婚姻、個人滿意皆最高。全體的高因應策略組的工作、婚姻、個人滿意都是高,中因應策略組次之,低因應策略組最低。 二、已婚職業婦女社會支持與生活滿意 (一)已婚職業婦女社會支持與生活滿意具有典型相關。 (二)已婚職業婦女不同程度的社會支持其生活滿意有差異:商組在婚姻滿意和個人滿?方面,高社會支持組大於低社會支持組,高社會支持組的工作滿意則最高。教組和全體相同,高社會支持組工作滿意、婚姻滿意、個人滿意都最高。 zh_TW dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章緒論 第一節研究動機與目的..........1 第二節研究問題與假設..........6 第三節名詞詮釋..........12 第二章文獻探討 第一節壓力的理論..........16 第二節社會支持的理論..........33 第三節已婚職業婦女生活壓力之相關研究..........44 第四節已婚職業婦女生活壓力與壓力因應的相關研究..........49 第五節生活壓力與生活滿意的概念及相關研究..........54 第三章研究方法 第一節研究架構..........66 第二節研究對象..........67 第三節研究工具..........69 第四節實施程序..........81 第五節資料處理..........83 第四章已婚職業婦女生活壓力、因應策略、社會支持、與生活滿意概況及其背景變項結果與討論 第一節已婚職業婦女生活壓力、因應策略、社會支持、與生活滿意之一般概況..........84 第二節已婚職業婦女生活壓力、因應策略、社會支持、與生活滿意的概況討論..........103 第三節已婚職業婦女不同背景變項在生活壓力、因應策略、社會支持、及生活滿意之差異..........108 第四節已婚職業婦女不同背景變項在生活壓力、因應策略、社會支持、及生活滿意之關係..........120 第五章已婚職業婦女生活壓力、因應策略、社會支持、與生活滿意結果與討論 第一節已婚職業婦女生活壓力、壓力因應與生活滿意之關係..........125 第二節已婚職業婦女生活壓力、壓力因應與生活滿意之關係討論..........176 第三節已婚職業婦女生活壓力與壓力因應之關係..........193 第四節已婚職業婦女生活壓力與壓力因應之關係討論..........216 第五節已婚職業婦女生活壓力和生活滿意之關係..........222 第六節已婚職業婦女生活壓力和生活滿意之關係討論..........231 第七節已婚職業婦女壓力因應與生活滿意之關係..........234 第八節已婚職業婦女壓力因應與生活滿意之關係討論..........246 第六章整合模式之分析與討論..........250 第七章結論與建議 第一節結論..........259 第二節建議..........264 參考文獻 一、中文部份..........273 二、英文部份..........281 zh_TW dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G91NCCV7322012 en_US dc.title (題名) 已婚職業婦女生活壓力與因應策略.社會支持之研究 zh_TW dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 參考文獻 一、中文部份 王文秀(民73) 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