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題名 長期心理治療創造新人際關係經驗之研究：從心理師觀點
A study of how to create a new interpersonal relationships experience during long-term psychotherapy：From counselors viewpoint作者 黃筱涵
Huang, Hsiao Han貢獻者 陳婉真
Chen, Wan Chen
黃筱涵
Huang, Hsiao Han關鍵詞 長期心理治療
人際關係
他人表徵
Long-term psychotherapy
Interpersonal relationships
Other-representation日期 2016 上傳時間 1-六月-2016 13:57:37 (UTC+8) 摘要 人際經驗是個體發展他人形象與環境評估的關鍵因素。大部分尋求長期心理治療的個案，其困擾多與過去負面的人際經驗所帶來的關係議題有關。若個體在成長過程經常遭受拒絕，會發展出「世界不能控制、別人不可預測、不可信任」的他人觀點。因此，本研究旨在探討長期心理治療歷程個案他人表徵的差異，以及心理師如何協助個案改變原有的他人表徵，並創造新的人際關係經驗。 本研究以質性研究方式進行，總共以六位長期心理治療取向為主的資深心理師作為研究對象，以一對一的方式，與每位受訪者進行一次深度訪談。訪談內容著重探討個案他人表徵的改變，以及個案過去的重要他人形象如何重現在治療關係中；並深入了解長期心理治療關係對於個案發展新的人際關係經驗之影響。本研究透過現象學方式進行訪談資料的分析，呈現長期深度心理治療對改變個案人際關係經驗之成效。本研究結果發現如下：一、他人表徵 治療前的他人表徵是模糊、沒有彈性、單一、負面的，因而無法辨認心理師真實的形象。經過長期心理治療，個案對他人形象的詮釋逐漸清晰、具體、有彈性、且納入更多正向的觀點。二、長期心理治療歷程 先個案會將自己慣用的人際互動帶入與心理師的治療關係中。接著個案感受到心理師溫暖、支持的回應。由於治療關係不同於過去的人際經驗，使個案重新經驗穩定、安全的人際關係，進而開始辨認並建立新的他人形象。最後個案將學到的新人際互動方式帶到其他關係中，發展更適應的人際關係。三、心理師的角色與功能 為了建立穩固的治療同盟，心理師需維持穩定的態度、提供溫暖支持的環境、尊重個案的自主性。同時心理師也可幫助個案覺察、理解自身的狀態，建立更彈性的想法、協助個案願意信任心理師及冒險。
Interpersonal experience is the key factor for people to develop other- representation and to evaluate the environment. Most issues of long-term psychotherapy clients’ come from past negative experiences about interpersonal relationship. If people were frequently rejected by others as they grew, it is much easier for them to develop the viewpoints of other that the world is uncontrollable, and that people are unpredictable and untrustworthy. Hence, the main purpose of this research was to explore the difference of other-representation during the long-term psychotherapy period, and how counselors help the clients to change their old other-representation, in order to create new interpersonal relationship experience. This study used semi-structured interviews to collect data from 6 counselors who primarily conducted long-term psychotherapy for clients. Each psychologist was interviewed once, one by one. All interviews lasted for about one and half hour. The contents of the interviews focused on the change of other-representation, the reappearance of clients’ important interpersonal patterns in counseling relationships, and the influences of long-term counseling relationships on clients’ developing new interpersonal relationship experience. After data collection, verbatim transcription of each interviews were analyzed in a phenomenological approach. The study aims to obtain the effectiveness of long-term psychotherapy on the change of clients’ interpersonal relationship experience. The main findings of this study were as follows:1. Other-representation The other-representation is indistinct, inflexible, single, and negative before long-term psychotherapy begins, and clients have difficulties to recognize the real image of counselor. After long-term psychotherapy, clients are able to interpret the image of others in a more distinct, specific and flexible way, and to include some positive view points in their other-representation. 2. Long-term psychotherapy process First, clients bring their habitual interpersonal interactive mode into counseling relationships. Second, they receive kind and supportive response from the counselor. Because of counseling relationship is different from their past interpersonal experience, clients re-experience a stable and, secure interpersonal relationship and start to recognize and establish a new image of other people. Third, clients learn new interpersonal interactive skill, and develop more suitable interpersonal relationship . 3. The role and function of a counselor In order to establish stable working alliance, counselors should keep stable attitude, provide a holding environment, and respect the autonomy of clients. 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國立政治大學
輔導與諮商碩士學位學程(MPCG)
102172001資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102172001 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 陳婉真 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Chen, Wan Chen en_US dc.contributor.author (作者) 黃筱涵 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) Huang, Hsiao Han en_US dc.creator (作者) 黃筱涵 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Huang, Hsiao Han en_US dc.date (日期) 2016 en_US dc.date.accessioned 1-六月-2016 13:57:37 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 1-六月-2016 13:57:37 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-六月-2016 13:57:37 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0102172001 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/97124 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 輔導與諮商碩士學位學程(MPCG) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 102172001 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 人際經驗是個體發展他人形象與環境評估的關鍵因素。大部分尋求長期心理治療的個案，其困擾多與過去負面的人際經驗所帶來的關係議題有關。若個體在成長過程經常遭受拒絕，會發展出「世界不能控制、別人不可預測、不可信任」的他人觀點。因此，本研究旨在探討長期心理治療歷程個案他人表徵的差異，以及心理師如何協助個案改變原有的他人表徵，並創造新的人際關係經驗。 本研究以質性研究方式進行，總共以六位長期心理治療取向為主的資深心理師作為研究對象，以一對一的方式，與每位受訪者進行一次深度訪談。訪談內容著重探討個案他人表徵的改變，以及個案過去的重要他人形象如何重現在治療關係中；並深入了解長期心理治療關係對於個案發展新的人際關係經驗之影響。本研究透過現象學方式進行訪談資料的分析，呈現長期深度心理治療對改變個案人際關係經驗之成效。本研究結果發現如下：一、他人表徵 治療前的他人表徵是模糊、沒有彈性、單一、負面的，因而無法辨認心理師真實的形象。經過長期心理治療，個案對他人形象的詮釋逐漸清晰、具體、有彈性、且納入更多正向的觀點。二、長期心理治療歷程 先個案會將自己慣用的人際互動帶入與心理師的治療關係中。接著個案感受到心理師溫暖、支持的回應。由於治療關係不同於過去的人際經驗，使個案重新經驗穩定、安全的人際關係，進而開始辨認並建立新的他人形象。最後個案將學到的新人際互動方式帶到其他關係中，發展更適應的人際關係。三、心理師的角色與功能 為了建立穩固的治療同盟，心理師需維持穩定的態度、提供溫暖支持的環境、尊重個案的自主性。同時心理師也可幫助個案覺察、理解自身的狀態，建立更彈性的想法、協助個案願意信任心理師及冒險。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Interpersonal experience is the key factor for people to develop other- representation and to evaluate the environment. Most issues of long-term psychotherapy clients’ come from past negative experiences about interpersonal relationship. If people were frequently rejected by others as they grew, it is much easier for them to develop the viewpoints of other that the world is uncontrollable, and that people are unpredictable and untrustworthy. Hence, the main purpose of this research was to explore the difference of other-representation during the long-term psychotherapy period, and how counselors help the clients to change their old other-representation, in order to create new interpersonal relationship experience. This study used semi-structured interviews to collect data from 6 counselors who primarily conducted long-term psychotherapy for clients. Each psychologist was interviewed once, one by one. All interviews lasted for about one and half hour. The contents of the interviews focused on the change of other-representation, the reappearance of clients’ important interpersonal patterns in counseling relationships, and the influences of long-term counseling relationships on clients’ developing new interpersonal relationship experience. After data collection, verbatim transcription of each interviews were analyzed in a phenomenological approach. The study aims to obtain the effectiveness of long-term psychotherapy on the change of clients’ interpersonal relationship experience. The main findings of this study were as follows:1. Other-representation The other-representation is indistinct, inflexible, single, and negative before long-term psychotherapy begins, and clients have difficulties to recognize the real image of counselor. After long-term psychotherapy, clients are able to interpret the image of others in a more distinct, specific and flexible way, and to include some positive view points in their other-representation. 2. Long-term psychotherapy process First, clients bring their habitual interpersonal interactive mode into counseling relationships. Second, they receive kind and supportive response from the counselor. Because of counseling relationship is different from their past interpersonal experience, clients re-experience a stable and, secure interpersonal relationship and start to recognize and establish a new image of other people. Third, clients learn new interpersonal interactive skill, and develop more suitable interpersonal relationship . 3. The role and function of a counselor In order to establish stable working alliance, counselors should keep stable attitude, provide a holding environment, and respect the autonomy of clients. At the same time, counselors also help clients to comprehend their predicament, expand their cognition with elasticity, and trust counselors. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 7第一節 研究動機與目的 7第二節 研究問題 13第三節 研究限制 14第四節 名詞釋義 14第二章 文獻探討 16第一節 長期諮商 16第二節 人際關係模式 24第三節 長期心理治療建立新人際經驗 38第三章 研究方法 46第一節 研究取向與設計 46第二節 研究參與者 49第三節 研究工具 53第四節 研究程序 55第五節 資料處理與分析 57第六節 資料嚴謹性 63第七節 研究倫理 67第四章 研究結果 69第一節 他人表徵 69第二節 長期心理治療歷程 80第三節 心理師提供的人際經驗 94第五章 討論 105第一節 他人表徵於長期心理治療歷程中的改變 105第二節 長期心理治療歷程 110第三節 心理師提供的人際經驗 115第六章 研究結論與建議 119第一節 研究結論 119第二節 研究限制 121第三節 研究貢獻與建議 123參考文獻 126附錄一 訪談大綱 139附錄二 研究參與邀請函 140附錄三 受訪同意書 141附錄四 檢核回饋表 142 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1088961 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102172001 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 長期心理治療 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 人際關係 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 他人表徵 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Long-term psychotherapy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Interpersonal relationships en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Other-representation en_US dc.title (題名) 長期心理治療創造新人際關係經驗之研究：從心理師觀點 zh_TW dc.title (題名) A study of how to create a new interpersonal relationships experience during long-term psychotherapy：From counselors viewpoint en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文參考文獻王文科、王志弘（2010）。教育研究法。台北：五南。王仲匡（2003）。大學新生依附關係與生活適應之相關研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立暨南國際大學，南投縣。王金石、朱翠瑾（2002）。反應性依附疾患青少年之客體關係重建與治療師的個人內在衝突處理。諮商與輔導，201，2-7。田秀蘭（2000）。紮根理論在諮商心理學研究中的應用。輔導季刊，36(4)，35-40。林麗華（2002）。俱人際困擾護專學生依附內在運作模式之分析研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立高雄師範大學，高雄市。林家興、王麗文（2003）。諮商與心理治療進階：心理分析取向的實務指南。臺北：心理。林耀盛（2011）。科學、人文與實務之間：析論臨床心理學的訓練和發展。中華心理衛生學刊，24(2)，279-310。吳麗娟、蔡秀玲、杜淑芬、方格正、陳品惠（譯）（2012）。人際歷程取向治療：整合模式（原作者：E. 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