學術產出-學位論文
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題名 供應商評鑑及選擇制度之建立 － 個案研究
Development of supplier evaluation and selection systems - a case study作者 呂宜欣 貢獻者 洪叔民
呂宜欣關鍵詞 航運業
外包
德菲法
層級分析法
供應商評鑑
供應商選擇日期 2017 上傳時間 31-七月-2017 11:33:36 (UTC+8) 摘要 近年來，因中國及新興國家的需求下降，以及歐美國家經濟成長趨緩，使全球航運市場競爭日益激烈，造成海運業損失慘重，2016年9月，世界排名第七的韓進海運宣布破產保護。在台灣，2016年海運業虧損也超過200億元，使得行政院緊急通過海運業600億的紓困貸款。 在如此艱困的經營環境中，企業必須擁有良好的供應商評鑑制度，做出良好的採購決策，才能提供具有競爭性的服務予顧客，因此本研究將探討如何針對航運產業的供應商進行評鑑及選擇。此外，供應鏈管理最重要的部分在於如何管理供應商，因為供應商之好壞攸關整個供應鏈之品質、風險與成本，因此，本研究著重於供應鏈管理之核心，並探討管理供應商之根源，進行供應商評鑑與選擇之探討。 本研究主要為提出並示範個案公司如何建立一個完整的供應商管理系統，因此評選出之指標未必為直接適用之指標，主要以德菲法、層級分析法及文獻探討法，提出該公司如何選出適合的指標，評斷各個指標之權重，再藉由文獻探討法提出下一層級之評鑑項目。在擁有供應商評鑑指標後，於供應商管理系統中，提出公司如何評估何種情況下需要外包、如何組成評鑑小組、如何針對各個指標進行評分，及哪些採購需要使用本研究所建議之系統。
In recent years, due to the decreasing demand in China and emerging countries and the slower economic growth in Europe and the United States, the competition in the global shipping market has become increasingly intense, resulting in heavy losses in the shipping industry. In September 2016, Hanjin Shipping, which had been the world’s seventh-largest container shipper, filed for bankruptcy protection. In Taiwan, the loss of shipping industry had exceeded NT$ 20 billion dollars in 2016, causing the Executive Yuan of the central government to emergently approve the relief loans of NT$ 60 billion for the shipping industry. In order to provide competitive services for customers in such a difficult business environment, enterprises must have a good supplier evaluation system for them to make good purchasing decisions. On this account, this study intends to explore how to conduct the evaluation and selection of suppliers in the shipping industry. In addition, a good or bad supplier would affect the quality, risk and cost of the entire supply chain, and thus the most important part of supply chain management lies on how to manage the suppliers. Therefore, this study focuses on the core of supply chain management, investigating the root of the management of suppliers, and also exploring the evaluation and selection of suppliers. This study mainly proposes and demonstrates how the subject company of the case study establishes a complete supplier management system, so that the selected indicators may not be directly applicable indicators. This study uses the Delphi Method, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and literature review to analyze how the subject company selects the appropriate indicators and determines the weight of each indicator, and also uses the literature review to determine the evaluation item for the next hierarchy. After having the evaluation indicators for suppliers, this study further proposes that in the supplier management system, how the company evaluates the needs for outsourcing in specific circumstances, how to form an evaluation team, how to score for each indicator, and what purchases need to use the system proposed in this study.參考文獻 于泳泓，(2006)。企業委外服務起源與趨勢面面觀。會計研究月刊，第225期，96-103頁。林光、張志清，(2016)。航業經營與管理（九版）。台北市：航貿文化事業出版社。吳思華，(1998)。策略九說（二版）。台北市：臉譜文化出版社。鄧振源、曾國雄 (1989)。層級分析法 (AHP) 的內涵特性與應用(上)(下)。台北市，中國統計學報。陳莉莉，(2004)。LED外包商之績效評估系統研究。輔仁大學，管理研究所碩士論文，新北市。鄭奕辰，(2009)。應用層級分析法建立供應商選擇評估之研究：以 LED Lighting 產業之 LED 供應商為例。中原大學，工業與系統工程學系碩士論文，中壢市。Baatz, E.W., (1995). CIO 100-Best Practices: The Chain Gang,” GovernmentInformation Office, Vol. 8, No. 19, pp. 46-52.Barbarosoglu, G., & Yazgac, T. (1997). An application of the analytic hierarchy process to the supplier selection problem. Production and inventory management journal, 38 (1), 14.Berry, C., & Kruse, G. (2004). Outsourcing: the" how to" guide. Manufacturing Engineer, 83(4), 36-39.Canadian Supply Chain Sector Council (2010). Supply Chain DefinitionsRetrieved June 17, 2017, from http://www.supplychaincanada.org/en/supply-chainCharnes, A., Cooper, W. W., & Rhodes, E. (1978). Measuring the efficiency of decision making units. European journal of operational research, 2 (6), 429-444.Churchman, C. W., & Ackoff, R. L. (1954). An approximate measure of value. Journal of the Operations Research Society of America, 2 (2), 172-187.Dalkey, N. C., Brown, B. B., & Cochran, S. (1969). The Delphi method: An experimental study of group opinion (Vol. 3). Santa Monica, CA: Rand Corporation.Dickson, J. A. D. (1966). Carbonate identification and genesis as revealed by staining. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 36(2).Edwards, W., & Barron, F. H. (1994). SMARTS and SMARTER: Improved simple methods for multiattribute utility measurement. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 60(3), 306-325.Fawcett, S. E., & Waller, M. A. (2015). Designing the Supply Chain for Success at the Bottom of the Pyramid. Journal of Business Logistics, 36 (3), 233-239.Fine, C., & Whitney, D. (1996). Is the make or buy decision a core competence. IMVP/MIT Working Paper.Flay, B. R., Biglan, A., Boruch, R. F., Castro, F. G., Gottfredson, D., Kellam, S., ... & Ji, P. (2005). Standards of evidence: Criteria for efficacy, effectiveness and dissemination. Prevention science, 6(3), 151-175.Handfield, R.B. and E.L. Nichols (1999), “Introduction to Supply ChainManagement,” Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.Ho, W., Xu, X., & Dey, P. K. (2010). Multi-criteria decision making approaches for supplier evaluation and selection: a literature review. European Journal of Operational Research, 202 (1), 16-24. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2009.05.009Kolodner, J. (2014). Case-based reasoning. Morgan Kaufmann.Kranz, S. (1996), “What is It?” Purchasing Today, October, 4.Laabs, J. J. (1993). Successful outsourcing depends on critical factors. Personnel Journal.Lee, A.H.I., H.Y. Kang and W.P. Wang (2006), “Analysis of Priority Mix Planning for Semiconductor Fabrication Under Uncertainty,” International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 28, No. 3-4, pp. 351-361.Leenders, M. R., Fearon, H. E., Flynn, A., & Johnson, P. F. (2001). Purchasing and supply management. McGraw-Hill College.Linstone, H. A., & Turoff, M. (Eds.). (1975). The Delphi method: Techniques and applications (Vol. 29). Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.Loh, L., & Venkatraman, N. (1992). Determinants of information technology outsourcing: a cross-sectional analysis. Journal of management information systems, 9 (1), 7-24.Loh, L. (1994). An organizational-economic blueprint for information technology outsourcing: concepts and evidence. ICIS 1994 Proceedings, 7.MacCrimmon, K. R. (1968). Decisionmaking among multiple-attribute alternatives: a survey and consolidated approach (No. RM-4823-ARPA). RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA.Minoli, D. (1995). Analyzing outsourcing: reengineering information and communication systems. McGraw-Hill, Inc..New, S.J. and P. Payne (1995), “Research Frameworks in Logistics: ThreeModels, Seven Dinners and a Survey,” International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, Vol. 25, No. 10, pp. 60-77.Nydick, R. L., & Hill, R. P. (1992). Using the analytic hierarchy process to structure the supplier selection procedure. Journal of supply chain management, 28(2), 31.Quinn, J. B., & Hilmer, F. G. (1994). Strategic outsourcing. Sloan management review, 35(4), 43.Saaty, T. L. (1971). On polynomials and crossing numbers of complete graphs. Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A, 10(2), 183-184.Saaty, T. L. (1980). The AHP: Planning, Priority Setting. Resource Allocation, McGrraw-Hill, New York.Sarkar, A., & Mohapatra, P. K. (2006). Evaluation of supplier capability and performance: A method for supply base reduction. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 12(3), 148-163.Schank, R. C. (1983). Dynamic memory: A theory of reminding and learning in computers and people. cambridge university press.Scott, C. and R. Westbrook (1991), “New Strategic Tools for Supply ChainManagement,” International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics,Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 23-33.Walker, G., & Weber, D. (1984). A transaction cost approach to make-or-buy decisions. Administrative science quarterly, 373-391.Weber, C. A., & Desai, A. (1996). Determination of paths to vendor market efficiency using parallel coordinates representation: a negotiation tool for buyers. European journal of operational research, 90(1), 142-155.Weber, C. A., Current, J. R., & Benton, W. C. (1991). Vendor selection criteria and methods. European journal of operational research, 50(1), 2-18.Welch, J. A., & Nayak, P. R. (1992). Strategic sourcing: a progressive approach to the make-or-buy decision. The Executive, 6(1), 23-31.Wilson, E. J. (1994). The relative importance of supplier selection criteria: a review and update. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 30(2), 34-41.Wu, C., & Barnes, D. (2011). A literature review of decision-making models and approaches for partner selection in agile supply chains. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 17(4), 256-274.Wu, T., & Blackhurst, J. (2009). Supplier evaluation and selection: an augmented DEA approach. International Journal of Production Research, 47(16), 4593-4608.Yang, D. H., Kim, S., Nam, C., & Min, J. W. (2007). Developing a decision model for business process outsourcing. Computers & Operations Research, 34(12), 3769-3778.Yin, R. (1994). Case study research: Design and methods. Beverly Hills.Yip, G. S. (1989). Global strategy... in a world of nations?. MIT Sloan Management Review, 31(1), 29.Yücel, A., & Güneri, A. F. (2011). A weighted additive fuzzy programming approach for multi-criteria supplier selection. Expert Systems with Applications, 38 (5), 6281-6286.Zadeh, L. A. (1965). Fuzzy sets. Information and control, 8 (3), 338-353.Zahedi, F. (1986). The analytic hierarchy process—a survey of the method and its applications. interfaces, 16(4), 96-108. 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程)
104363111資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104363111 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 洪叔民 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) 呂宜欣 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) 呂宜欣 zh_TW dc.date (日期) 2017 en_US dc.date.accessioned 31-七月-2017 11:33:36 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 31-七月-2017 11:33:36 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 31-七月-2017 11:33:36 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0104363111 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/111584 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 104363111 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 近年來，因中國及新興國家的需求下降，以及歐美國家經濟成長趨緩，使全球航運市場競爭日益激烈，造成海運業損失慘重，2016年9月，世界排名第七的韓進海運宣布破產保護。在台灣，2016年海運業虧損也超過200億元，使得行政院緊急通過海運業600億的紓困貸款。 在如此艱困的經營環境中，企業必須擁有良好的供應商評鑑制度，做出良好的採購決策，才能提供具有競爭性的服務予顧客，因此本研究將探討如何針對航運產業的供應商進行評鑑及選擇。此外，供應鏈管理最重要的部分在於如何管理供應商，因為供應商之好壞攸關整個供應鏈之品質、風險與成本，因此，本研究著重於供應鏈管理之核心，並探討管理供應商之根源，進行供應商評鑑與選擇之探討。 本研究主要為提出並示範個案公司如何建立一個完整的供應商管理系統，因此評選出之指標未必為直接適用之指標，主要以德菲法、層級分析法及文獻探討法，提出該公司如何選出適合的指標，評斷各個指標之權重，再藉由文獻探討法提出下一層級之評鑑項目。在擁有供應商評鑑指標後，於供應商管理系統中，提出公司如何評估何種情況下需要外包、如何組成評鑑小組、如何針對各個指標進行評分，及哪些採購需要使用本研究所建議之系統。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) In recent years, due to the decreasing demand in China and emerging countries and the slower economic growth in Europe and the United States, the competition in the global shipping market has become increasingly intense, resulting in heavy losses in the shipping industry. In September 2016, Hanjin Shipping, which had been the world’s seventh-largest container shipper, filed for bankruptcy protection. In Taiwan, the loss of shipping industry had exceeded NT$ 20 billion dollars in 2016, causing the Executive Yuan of the central government to emergently approve the relief loans of NT$ 60 billion for the shipping industry. In order to provide competitive services for customers in such a difficult business environment, enterprises must have a good supplier evaluation system for them to make good purchasing decisions. On this account, this study intends to explore how to conduct the evaluation and selection of suppliers in the shipping industry. In addition, a good or bad supplier would affect the quality, risk and cost of the entire supply chain, and thus the most important part of supply chain management lies on how to manage the suppliers. Therefore, this study focuses on the core of supply chain management, investigating the root of the management of suppliers, and also exploring the evaluation and selection of suppliers. This study mainly proposes and demonstrates how the subject company of the case study establishes a complete supplier management system, so that the selected indicators may not be directly applicable indicators. This study uses the Delphi Method, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and literature review to analyze how the subject company selects the appropriate indicators and determines the weight of each indicator, and also uses the literature review to determine the evaluation item for the next hierarchy. After having the evaluation indicators for suppliers, this study further proposes that in the supplier management system, how the company evaluates the needs for outsourcing in specific circumstances, how to form an evaluation team, how to score for each indicator, and what purchases need to use the system proposed in this study. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1第一節、研究背景 1第二節、研究動機 2第三節、研究目的 3第二章 文獻探討 5第一節、外購或自製之決策 7第二節、外包策略 9第三節、供應商評鑑指標 11第三章 研究方法 21第一節、研究流程 21第二節、研究方法 22第三節、研究設計 31第四章 建構供應商管理系統 35第一節、產業概況 35第二節、企業簡介 37第三節、供應商評鑑指標 43第四節、供應商評鑑系統 52第五章 結論與建議 61第一節、結論 61第二節、建議 62參考文獻 64 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1424659 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104363111 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 航運業 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 外包 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 德菲法 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 層級分析法 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 供應商評鑑 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 供應商選擇 zh_TW dc.title (題名) 供應商評鑑及選擇制度之建立 － 個案研究 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Development of supplier evaluation and selection systems - a case study en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 于泳泓，(2006)。企業委外服務起源與趨勢面面觀。會計研究月刊，第225期，96-103頁。林光、張志清，(2016)。航業經營與管理（九版）。台北市：航貿文化事業出版社。吳思華，(1998)。策略九說（二版）。台北市：臉譜文化出版社。鄧振源、曾國雄 (1989)。層級分析法 (AHP) 的內涵特性與應用(上)(下)。台北市，中國統計學報。陳莉莉，(2004)。LED外包商之績效評估系統研究。輔仁大學，管理研究所碩士論文，新北市。鄭奕辰，(2009)。應用層級分析法建立供應商選擇評估之研究：以 LED Lighting 產業之 LED 供應商為例。中原大學，工業與系統工程學系碩士論文，中壢市。Baatz, E.W., (1995). CIO 100-Best Practices: The Chain Gang,” GovernmentInformation Office, Vol. 8, No. 19, pp. 46-52.Barbarosoglu, G., & Yazgac, T. (1997). An application of the analytic hierarchy process to the supplier selection problem. Production and inventory management journal, 38 (1), 14.Berry, C., & Kruse, G. (2004). Outsourcing: the" how to" guide. Manufacturing Engineer, 83(4), 36-39.Canadian Supply Chain Sector Council (2010). Supply Chain DefinitionsRetrieved June 17, 2017, from http://www.supplychaincanada.org/en/supply-chainCharnes, A., Cooper, W. W., & Rhodes, E. (1978). Measuring the efficiency of decision making units. European journal of operational research, 2 (6), 429-444.Churchman, C. W., & Ackoff, R. L. (1954). An approximate measure of value. Journal of the Operations Research Society of America, 2 (2), 172-187.Dalkey, N. C., Brown, B. B., & Cochran, S. (1969). The Delphi method: An experimental study of group opinion (Vol. 3). Santa Monica, CA: Rand Corporation.Dickson, J. A. D. (1966). Carbonate identification and genesis as revealed by staining. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 36(2).Edwards, W., & Barron, F. H. (1994). SMARTS and SMARTER: Improved simple methods for multiattribute utility measurement. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 60(3), 306-325.Fawcett, S. E., & Waller, M. A. (2015). Designing the Supply Chain for Success at the Bottom of the Pyramid. Journal of Business Logistics, 36 (3), 233-239.Fine, C., & Whitney, D. (1996). Is the make or buy decision a core competence. IMVP/MIT Working Paper.Flay, B. R., Biglan, A., Boruch, R. F., Castro, F. G., Gottfredson, D., Kellam, S., ... & Ji, P. (2005). Standards of evidence: Criteria for efficacy, effectiveness and dissemination. Prevention science, 6(3), 151-175.Handfield, R.B. and E.L. Nichols (1999), “Introduction to Supply ChainManagement,” Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.Ho, W., Xu, X., & Dey, P. K. (2010). Multi-criteria decision making approaches for supplier evaluation and selection: a literature review. European Journal of Operational Research, 202 (1), 16-24. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2009.05.009Kolodner, J. (2014). Case-based reasoning. Morgan Kaufmann.Kranz, S. (1996), “What is It?” Purchasing Today, October, 4.Laabs, J. J. (1993). Successful outsourcing depends on critical factors. Personnel Journal.Lee, A.H.I., H.Y. Kang and W.P. Wang (2006), “Analysis of Priority Mix Planning for Semiconductor Fabrication Under Uncertainty,” International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 28, No. 3-4, pp. 351-361.Leenders, M. R., Fearon, H. E., Flynn, A., & Johnson, P. F. (2001). Purchasing and supply management. McGraw-Hill College.Linstone, H. A., & Turoff, M. (Eds.). (1975). The Delphi method: Techniques and applications (Vol. 29). Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.Loh, L., & Venkatraman, N. (1992). Determinants of information technology outsourcing: a cross-sectional analysis. Journal of management information systems, 9 (1), 7-24.Loh, L. (1994). An organizational-economic blueprint for information technology outsourcing: concepts and evidence. ICIS 1994 Proceedings, 7.MacCrimmon, K. R. (1968). Decisionmaking among multiple-attribute alternatives: a survey and consolidated approach (No. RM-4823-ARPA). RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA.Minoli, D. (1995). Analyzing outsourcing: reengineering information and communication systems. McGraw-Hill, Inc..New, S.J. and P. Payne (1995), “Research Frameworks in Logistics: ThreeModels, Seven Dinners and a Survey,” International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, Vol. 25, No. 10, pp. 60-77.Nydick, R. L., & Hill, R. P. (1992). Using the analytic hierarchy process to structure the supplier selection procedure. Journal of supply chain management, 28(2), 31.Quinn, J. B., & Hilmer, F. G. (1994). Strategic outsourcing. Sloan management review, 35(4), 43.Saaty, T. L. (1971). On polynomials and crossing numbers of complete graphs. Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A, 10(2), 183-184.Saaty, T. L. (1980). The AHP: Planning, Priority Setting. Resource Allocation, McGrraw-Hill, New York.Sarkar, A., & Mohapatra, P. K. (2006). Evaluation of supplier capability and performance: A method for supply base reduction. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 12(3), 148-163.Schank, R. C. (1983). Dynamic memory: A theory of reminding and learning in computers and people. cambridge university press.Scott, C. and R. Westbrook (1991), “New Strategic Tools for Supply ChainManagement,” International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics,Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 23-33.Walker, G., & Weber, D. (1984). A transaction cost approach to make-or-buy decisions. Administrative science quarterly, 373-391.Weber, C. A., & Desai, A. (1996). Determination of paths to vendor market efficiency using parallel coordinates representation: a negotiation tool for buyers. European journal of operational research, 90(1), 142-155.Weber, C. A., Current, J. R., & Benton, W. C. (1991). Vendor selection criteria and methods. European journal of operational research, 50(1), 2-18.Welch, J. A., & Nayak, P. R. (1992). Strategic sourcing: a progressive approach to the make-or-buy decision. The Executive, 6(1), 23-31.Wilson, E. J. (1994). The relative importance of supplier selection criteria: a review and update. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 30(2), 34-41.Wu, C., & Barnes, D. (2011). A literature review of decision-making models and approaches for partner selection in agile supply chains. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 17(4), 256-274.Wu, T., & Blackhurst, J. (2009). Supplier evaluation and selection: an augmented DEA approach. International Journal of Production Research, 47(16), 4593-4608.Yang, D. H., Kim, S., Nam, C., & Min, J. W. (2007). Developing a decision model for business process outsourcing. Computers & Operations Research, 34(12), 3769-3778.Yin, R. (1994). Case study research: Design and methods. Beverly Hills.Yip, G. S. (1989). Global strategy... in a world of nations?. MIT Sloan Management Review, 31(1), 29.Yücel, A., & Güneri, A. F. (2011). A weighted additive fuzzy programming approach for multi-criteria supplier selection. Expert Systems with Applications, 38 (5), 6281-6286.Zadeh, L. A. (1965). Fuzzy sets. Information and control, 8 (3), 338-353.Zahedi, F. (1986). The analytic hierarchy process—a survey of the method and its applications. interfaces, 16(4), 96-108. zh_TW
