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題名 應用區塊鏈加快‪國際貿易信用狀處理流程
Streamlining trade finance with Blockchain
作者 張瑞辰
Chang, Jui Chen
貢獻者 陳恭
Chen, Kung
張瑞辰
Chang, Jui Chen
關鍵詞 區塊鏈
密碼學
國際貿易
信用狀
L/C
Blockchain
Cryptography
International trade
Letter of credit
L / C
日期 2017
上傳時間 13-九月-2017 15:54:52 (UTC+8)
摘要 在國際貿易活動，買賣雙方可能因為互不信任，買方擔心預先支付款項後，賣方不按交易合同要求出貨；賣方也擔心在出貨或提交貨運單據後買方不依約付款。因此需要兩家銀行作為買賣雙方的保證人，幫忙代為收款交單，以銀行的信用代替商業信用，銀行在這一方面的活動中所使用的工具就是信用狀(Letter of Credit，L/C)。

區塊鏈(Blockchain)，是一個分散式的帳本系統，採用密碼學技術來確保交易的正確性，公開、公正、透明及無法竄改特性，經濟學人稱之為信任機器(Trust Machine)。

本研究所採用的區塊鏈信用狀系統，應用區塊鏈加快‪國際貿易信用狀處理流程，則是利用區塊鏈(Blockchain)技術特性，建立一個區塊鏈交易應用平台，協助解決國際貿易時，各方參與角色的信任問題，達到傳統銀行的信用狀功能，使其中間交易支付過程可不需透過銀行，如此便可降低了銀行風險，以及降低貿易上的費用及縮短交易支付時間，根本上解決了貿易上最重要的信任問題，達到國際貿易的目的。
In the case of international trade activities, buyers and sellers may be mistrustful and the buyer is worried that the seller will not be required to ship the goods after the advance payment; the seller is also concerned that the buyer will not pay the contract after the shipment or delivery of the shipping documents. So the two banks as the guarantor of buyers and sellers, to help on behalf of the payment of orders to the bank`s credit instead of commercial credit, the bank in this area activities used in the tool is the letter of credit (Letter of Credit, L/C)

The Blockchain is a decentralized ledger system that uses cryptography to ensure the correctness, openness, fairness, transparency and tampering of transactions. Economists call it Trust Machine.

The blockchain trust system used in this research, the application of blockchain to speed up the international trade credit processing process, it is the use of blockchain technology characteristics, the establishment of a blockchain trading application platform to help solve international trade , The parties involved in the role of the trust of the problem, to the traditional bank`s L/C function, so that the process of intermediate transactions can not be through the bank, so that can reduce the bank risk, as well as reduce trade costs and shorten the transaction payment time. It is easy to solve the most important issues of trust. To achieve the purpose of international trade.
參考文獻 [1]Satoshi Nakamoto，Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System ,(Date last accessed 9-May-2016).[Online].Available: https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf
[2]Cargochain，(Date last accessed 17-November-2016).
[Online].Available: https://github.com/domschiener/cargochain
[3]聞順發(2005)，國際貿易操作實務，初版，台北市:五南
[4]IPFS：替代HTTP的分布式網路協定，(Date last accessed 3-January-2017).
[Online].Available: http://www.infoq.com/cn/articles/ipfs
[5]信用狀知識專欄總表，(Date last accessed 4-January-2017).
[Online].Available: http://customs-assoc.org/40.15.htm
[6]全球各國進出口區域分佈，(Date last accessed 4-January-2017).
[Online].Available: https://stock-ai.com/worldTrading
[7]L/C優缺點，(Date last accessed 4-January-2017).
[Online].Available: https://tw.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20061009000011KK04980
[8]Meteor，(Date last accessed 11-January-2017).
[Online].Available: https://www.meteor.com/
[9]Welcome to the Meteor Forum，(Date last accessed 11-January-2017).
[Online].Available: https://forums.meteor.com/
[10]Introducing Meteor API Docs，(Date last accessed 11-January-2017).
[Online].Available: https://docs.meteor.com/
[11]What is Meteor，(Date last accessed 11-January-2017).
[Online].Available: https://github.com/meteor/guide/blob/master/content/index.md
[12]Meteor教學指南，(Date last accessed 11-January-2017).
[Online].Available: https://github.com/cocos-creator/newcomer/blob/master/Website/meteor.md
[13]IPFS，(Date last accessed 14-January-2017).
[Online].Available: https://ipfs.io/
[14]Ethereum RPC，(Date last accessed 14-January-2017).
[Online].Available: https://ethereum.org/
[15]以太坊，(Date last accessed 14-January-2017).[Online].Available: https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh/乙太坊
[16]幣虎-以太坊介紹，(Date last accessed 7-March-2017).
[Online].Available: https://www.coingecko.com/zh/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E8%B4%A7%E5%B8%81/%E4%BB%A5%E5%A4%AA%E5%9D%8A
[17]金融監督管理委員會銀行局，(Date last accessed 12-March-2017).
[Online].Available: http://www.banking.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=157&parentpath=0,4&mcustomize=bstatistics_view.jsp&serno=201105120016
[18]區塊鏈技術演進史，(Date last accessed 12-March-2017).
[Online].Available: http://www.ithome.com.tw/news/105370
[19]圖文詳解哈希樹-Merkle Tree（默克爾樹）算法解析，(Date last accessed 3-April-2017).
[Online].Available: http://www.itread01.com/articles/1487247623.html
[20]比特幣運作原理大揭密，(Date last accessed 3-April-2017).
[Online].Available: https://www.kocpc.com.tw/archives/4358
[21]Hashcash，(Date last accessed 5-May-2017).
[Online].Available: http://www.hashcash.org/
[22]區塊鏈如何幫助音樂人，(Date last accessed 11-May-2017).
[Online].Available: http://www.pochang.com/blog/2017/03/20/%E5%8D%80%E5%A1%8A%E9%8F%88%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E5%B9%AB%E5%8A%A9%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E4%BA%BA/
[23]Step by Step Towards Creating a Safe Smart Contract: Lessons and Insights from a Cryptocurrency Lab，(Date last accessed 12-June-2017).
[Online].Available: https://eprint.iacr.org/2015/460.pdf
[24]《比特幣：端對端電子現金系統》（上），(Date last accessed 12-June-2017).[Online].Available: https://goo.gl/pJXmSx
[25]《比特幣：端對端電子現金系統》（下），(Date last accessed 12-June-2017). [Online].Available: https://goo.gl/QrI9lL
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
資訊科學系碩士在職專班
104971010
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104971010
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 陳恭zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Chen, Kungen_US
dc.contributor.author (作者) 張瑞辰zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (作者) Chang, Jui Chenen_US
dc.creator (作者) 張瑞辰zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chang, Jui Chenen_US
dc.date (日期) 2017en_US
dc.date.accessioned 13-九月-2017 15:54:52 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 13-九月-2017 15:54:52 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 13-九月-2017 15:54:52 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0104971010en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/112815-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 資訊科學系碩士在職專班zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 104971010zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 在國際貿易活動，買賣雙方可能因為互不信任，買方擔心預先支付款項後，賣方不按交易合同要求出貨；賣方也擔心在出貨或提交貨運單據後買方不依約付款。因此需要兩家銀行作為買賣雙方的保證人，幫忙代為收款交單，以銀行的信用代替商業信用，銀行在這一方面的活動中所使用的工具就是信用狀(Letter of Credit，L/C)。

區塊鏈(Blockchain)，是一個分散式的帳本系統，採用密碼學技術來確保交易的正確性，公開、公正、透明及無法竄改特性，經濟學人稱之為信任機器(Trust Machine)。

本研究所採用的區塊鏈信用狀系統，應用區塊鏈加快‪國際貿易信用狀處理流程，則是利用區塊鏈(Blockchain)技術特性，建立一個區塊鏈交易應用平台，協助解決國際貿易時，各方參與角色的信任問題，達到傳統銀行的信用狀功能，使其中間交易支付過程可不需透過銀行，如此便可降低了銀行風險，以及降低貿易上的費用及縮短交易支付時間，根本上解決了貿易上最重要的信任問題，達到國際貿易的目的。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) In the case of international trade activities, buyers and sellers may be mistrustful and the buyer is worried that the seller will not be required to ship the goods after the advance payment; the seller is also concerned that the buyer will not pay the contract after the shipment or delivery of the shipping documents. So the two banks as the guarantor of buyers and sellers, to help on behalf of the payment of orders to the bank`s credit instead of commercial credit, the bank in this area activities used in the tool is the letter of credit (Letter of Credit, L/C)

The Blockchain is a decentralized ledger system that uses cryptography to ensure the correctness, openness, fairness, transparency and tampering of transactions. Economists call it Trust Machine.

The blockchain trust system used in this research, the application of blockchain to speed up the international trade credit processing process, it is the use of blockchain technology characteristics, the establishment of a blockchain trading application platform to help solve international trade , The parties involved in the role of the trust of the problem, to the traditional bank`s L/C function, so that the process of intermediate transactions can not be through the bank, so that can reduce the bank risk, as well as reduce trade costs and shorten the transaction payment time. It is easy to solve the most important issues of trust. To achieve the purpose of international trade.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 9
1.1 研究動機 9
1.2 研究目的與問題 10
1.3 研究成果 11
第二章 文獻探討 12
2.1 國際信用狀 12
2.1.1 信用狀 (Letter of Credit) 12
2.1.2 全球信用狀應用狀況 13
2.2 區塊鏈 14
2.2.1 區塊鏈 (Blockchain)沿革 14
2.2.2 比特幣 (Bitcoin) 21
2.3 以太坊 (Ethereum) 25
第三章 研究方法 29
3.1 系統流程 29
3.2 系統架構 33
3.2.1 傳統國際貿易信用狀架構圖 (L/C for Tradition) 33
3.2.2 區塊鏈信用狀架構圖 (L/C for Blockchain) 35
3.3 系統設計 37
第四章 系統實作與展示 38
4.1 實作與語言與工具 38
4.2 系統實作展示 41
4.2.1 參與角色 (Role) 41
4.2.2 實作展示 42
第五章 結論與未來研究 51
5.1 結論 51
5.2 未來研究 52
參考文獻 54		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 2202623 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104971010en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 區塊鏈zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 密碼學zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 國際貿易zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 信用狀zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) L/Czh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Blockchainen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Cryptographyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) International tradeen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Letter of crediten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) L / Cen_US
dc.title (題名) 應用區塊鏈加快‪國際貿易信用狀處理流程zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Streamlining trade finance with Blockchainen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [1]Satoshi Nakamoto，Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System ,(Date last accessed 9-May-2016).[Online].Available: https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf
[2]Cargochain，(Date last accessed 17-November-2016).
[Online].Available: https://github.com/domschiener/cargochain
[3]聞順發(2005)，國際貿易操作實務，初版，台北市:五南
[4]IPFS：替代HTTP的分布式網路協定，(Date last accessed 3-January-2017).
[Online].Available: http://www.infoq.com/cn/articles/ipfs
[5]信用狀知識專欄總表，(Date last accessed 4-January-2017).
[Online].Available: http://customs-assoc.org/40.15.htm
[6]全球各國進出口區域分佈，(Date last accessed 4-January-2017).
[Online].Available: https://stock-ai.com/worldTrading
[7]L/C優缺點，(Date last accessed 4-January-2017).
[Online].Available: https://tw.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20061009000011KK04980
[8]Meteor，(Date last accessed 11-January-2017).
[Online].Available: https://www.meteor.com/
[9]Welcome to the Meteor Forum，(Date last accessed 11-January-2017).
[Online].Available: https://forums.meteor.com/
[10]Introducing Meteor API Docs，(Date last accessed 11-January-2017).
[Online].Available: https://docs.meteor.com/
[11]What is Meteor，(Date last accessed 11-January-2017).
[Online].Available: https://github.com/meteor/guide/blob/master/content/index.md
[12]Meteor教學指南，(Date last accessed 11-January-2017).
[Online].Available: https://github.com/cocos-creator/newcomer/blob/master/Website/meteor.md
[13]IPFS，(Date last accessed 14-January-2017).
[Online].Available: https://ipfs.io/
[14]Ethereum RPC，(Date last accessed 14-January-2017).
[Online].Available: https://ethereum.org/
[15]以太坊，(Date last accessed 14-January-2017).[Online].Available: https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh/乙太坊
[16]幣虎-以太坊介紹，(Date last accessed 7-March-2017).
[Online].Available: https://www.coingecko.com/zh/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E8%B4%A7%E5%B8%81/%E4%BB%A5%E5%A4%AA%E5%9D%8A
[17]金融監督管理委員會銀行局，(Date last accessed 12-March-2017).
[Online].Available: http://www.banking.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=157&parentpath=0,4&mcustomize=bstatistics_view.jsp&serno=201105120016
[18]區塊鏈技術演進史，(Date last accessed 12-March-2017).
[Online].Available: http://www.ithome.com.tw/news/105370
[19]圖文詳解哈希樹-Merkle Tree（默克爾樹）算法解析，(Date last accessed 3-April-2017).
[Online].Available: http://www.itread01.com/articles/1487247623.html
[20]比特幣運作原理大揭密，(Date last accessed 3-April-2017).
[Online].Available: https://www.kocpc.com.tw/archives/4358
[21]Hashcash，(Date last accessed 5-May-2017).
[Online].Available: http://www.hashcash.org/
[22]區塊鏈如何幫助音樂人，(Date last accessed 11-May-2017).
[Online].Available: http://www.pochang.com/blog/2017/03/20/%E5%8D%80%E5%A1%8A%E9%8F%88%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E5%B9%AB%E5%8A%A9%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E4%BA%BA/
[23]Step by Step Towards Creating a Safe Smart Contract: Lessons and Insights from a Cryptocurrency Lab，(Date last accessed 12-June-2017).
[Online].Available: https://eprint.iacr.org/2015/460.pdf
[24]《比特幣：端對端電子現金系統》（上），(Date last accessed 12-June-2017).[Online].Available: https://goo.gl/pJXmSx
[25]《比特幣：端對端電子現金系統》（下），(Date last accessed 12-June-2017). [Online].Available: https://goo.gl/QrI9lL		zh_TW