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題名 RLWE同態加密技術落實於二元分類器
RLWE-Based Homomorphic Data Encryption for Binary Classifier作者 黃為德
HUANG, WEI-TE貢獻者 胡毓忠
Hu, Yuh-Jong
黃為德
HUANG, WEI-TE關鍵詞 Ring learning with errors
同態加密
機器學習
二元分類器
支援向量機
決策樹
Ring learning with errors
Homomorphic encryption
Machine learning
Binary classifier
Support vector machine
Decision tree日期 2019 上傳時間 7-三月-2019 11:59:36 (UTC+8) 摘要 隨著公有雲技術的運用日漸廣泛，現今企業越來越傾向將對外資通服務建立在雲端伺服器上，然而現行雲端服務的安全機制只涵蓋傳輸階段與儲存階段，而每個階段必須運用不同的加密演算法；且在資料進行運算時仍必須還原回明文，從而導致運算期間有資料外洩的疑慮。本研究希望藉由以Ring-Learning With Errors(RLWE)為基礎的同態加密(Homomorphic Encryption)技術，以單一種加密機制達成資料在傳輸、儲存與運算三個階段的保護。本研究使用Medical Datasets Heart Disease來對支援向量機(Support Vector Machine, SVM)及決策樹(Decision Tree)等兩類機器學習演算法的二元分類器訓練，再透過同態加密技術來對模型內的係數與輸入資料進行加密後，進行密文間的各類同態運算，並將密文運算結果解密後，與明文、未加密的運算結果進行比較，確認在加密情形下運算得出的分類結果是否能保持正確，並就加密運算的額外時間成本與空間成本提出質化與量化的比較分析。
With the increasing use of public cloud technology, enterprises are increasingly inclined to establish foreign-funded services on the cloud server. However, the current security mechanism of cloud services only covers the transmission phase and storage phase, and each phase must use different Encryption algorithm; and the data must still be restored back to the plaintext when the operation is performed, resulting in doubts about data leakage during the operation. This study hopes to achieve the protection of data in the three stages of transmission, storage and operation by a single encryption mechanism by using Homomorphic Encryption based on Ring-Learning With Errors (RLWE).In this study, Medical Datasets Heart Disease is used to train binary classifiers of two types of machine learning algorithms, such as Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Decision Tree, and then through homomorphic encryption technology. After the coefficient is encrypted with the input data, various homomorphic operations between the ciphertexts are performed, and the ciphertext operation results are decrypted, and compared with the plaintext and unencrypted operation results, and the classification result obtained by the operation in the encryption case is confirmed. Whether it can be kept correct, and a comparative analysis of the quality and cost of the extra time cost and space cost of the encryption operation.參考文獻 [1] M. J. Cox, “Cve-2014-0160 (heartbleed) issue,” 2014, https://plus.google.com/+MarkJCox/posts/TmCbp3BhJma.[2] X. Yi, R. Paulet, and E. Bertino, Homomorphic Encryption and Applications.Springer Publishing Company, Incorporated, 2014.[3] R. L. Rivest, L. Adleman, and M. L. Dertouzos, “On data banks and privacy homomorphisms,” Foundations of Secure Computation, Academia Press, pp.169–179, 1978.[4] S. Halevi, Homomorphic Encryption. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017, pp. 219–276. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57048-8_5[5] C. Gentry, “Fully homomorphic encryption using ideal lattices,” in Proceedings of the Forty-first Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, ser. STOC ’09. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2009, pp. 169–178.[Online]. Available: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1536414.1536440[6] S. Goldwasser and S. Micali, “Probabilistic encryption.” J. Comput. Syst. Sci., vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 270–299, 1984. [Online]. Available: http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/jcss/jcss28.html#GoldwasserM84[7] M. van Dijk, C. Gentry, S. Halevi, and V. Vaikuntanathan, “Fully homomorphic encryption over the integers,” in Proceedings of the29th Annual International Conference on Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques, ser. EUROCRYPT’10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2010, pp. 24–43. [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10. 1007/978-3-642-13190-5_2[8] J.-S. Coron, A. Mandal, D. Naccache, and M. Tibouchi, “Fully homomorphic encryption over the integers with shorter public keys.” IACRCryptology ePrint Archive, vol. 2011, p. 441, 2011. [Online]. Available: http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/iacr/iacr2011.html#CoronMNT11[9] O. Regev, “On lattices, learning with errors, random linear codes, and cryptography,” in Proceedings of the Thirty-seventh Annual ACM Symposiumon Theory of Computing, ser. STOC ’05. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2005, pp. 84–93. [Online]. Available: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1060590.1060603[10] V. Lyubashevsky, C. Peikert, and O. Regev, “On ideal lattices and learning with errors over rings,” in In Proc. of EUROCRYPT, volume 6110 of LNCS. Springer, 2010, pp. 1–23.[11] Z. Brakerski and V. Vaikuntanathan, “Fully homomorphic encryption from ring-lwe and security for key dependent messages,” in Advances in Cryptology – CRYPTO 2011, P. Rogaway, Ed. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011, pp. 505–524.[12] ——, “Efficient fully homomorphic encryption from (standard) lwe,” in Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE 52Nd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, ser. FOCS ’11. Washington, DC, USA: IEEE Computer Society, 2011, pp. 97–106. [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/FOCS.2011.12[13] Z. Brakerski, C. Gentry, and V. Vaikuntanathan, “(leveled) fully homomorphic encryption without bootstrapping,” in Proceedings of the 3rd Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference, ser. ITCS ’12. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2012, pp. 309–325. [Online]. Available: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2090236.2090262[14] C. Dwork, F. McSherry, K. Nissim, and A. Smith, “Calibrating noise to sensitivity in private data analysis,” in Proceedings of the Third Conference on Theory of Cryptography, ser. TCC’06. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2006, pp. 265–284. [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11681878_14[15] B. Barak, O. Goldreich, R. Impagliazzo, S. Rudich, A. Sahai, S. Vadhan, and K. Yang, “On the (im)possibility of obfuscating programs,” in Advances in Cryptology — CRYPTO 2001, J. Kilian, Ed. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001, pp. 1–18.[16] A. Sahai and B. Waters, “Fuzzy identity-based encryption,” in Advances in Cryptology – EUROCRYPT 2005, R. Cramer, Ed. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005, pp. 457–473.[17] S. Halevi and V. Shoup, “Algorithms in helib,” in CRYPTO (1), ser. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 8616. Springer, 2014, pp. 554–571.[18] Z. Brakerski, C. Gentry, and S. Halevi, “Packed ciphertexts in lwe-based homomorphic encryption,” in Public-Key Cryptography - PKC 2013, vol. 7778, 2013, p. 1.[19] C. Gentry, S. Halevi, and N. P. Smart, “Fully homomorphic encryption with polylog overhead,” in Proceedings of the 31st Annual International Conference on Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques, ser. EUROCRYPT’12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2012, pp. 465–482. [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29011-4_28[20] S. Halevi and V. Shoup, “Faster homomorphic linear transformations in helib,” in CRYPTO (1), ser. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 10991. Springer, 2018, pp. 93–120.[21] G. S. Çetin, Y. Doröz, B. Sunar, and E. Savas, “Low depth circuits for efficient homomorphic sorting,” IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive, vol. 2015, p. 274,2015. 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
資訊科學系碩士在職專班
105971002資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105971002 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 胡毓忠 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Hu, Yuh-Jong en_US dc.contributor.author (作者) 黃為德 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) HUANG, WEI-TE en_US dc.creator (作者) 黃為德 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) HUANG, WEI-TE en_US dc.date (日期) 2019 en_US dc.date.accessioned 7-三月-2019 11:59:36 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 7-三月-2019 11:59:36 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 7-三月-2019 11:59:36 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0105971002 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/122461 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 資訊科學系碩士在職專班 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 105971002 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 隨著公有雲技術的運用日漸廣泛，現今企業越來越傾向將對外資通服務建立在雲端伺服器上，然而現行雲端服務的安全機制只涵蓋傳輸階段與儲存階段，而每個階段必須運用不同的加密演算法；且在資料進行運算時仍必須還原回明文，從而導致運算期間有資料外洩的疑慮。本研究希望藉由以Ring-Learning With Errors(RLWE)為基礎的同態加密(Homomorphic Encryption)技術，以單一種加密機制達成資料在傳輸、儲存與運算三個階段的保護。本研究使用Medical Datasets Heart Disease來對支援向量機(Support Vector Machine, SVM)及決策樹(Decision Tree)等兩類機器學習演算法的二元分類器訓練，再透過同態加密技術來對模型內的係數與輸入資料進行加密後，進行密文間的各類同態運算，並將密文運算結果解密後，與明文、未加密的運算結果進行比較，確認在加密情形下運算得出的分類結果是否能保持正確，並就加密運算的額外時間成本與空間成本提出質化與量化的比較分析。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) With the increasing use of public cloud technology, enterprises are increasingly inclined to establish foreign-funded services on the cloud server. However, the current security mechanism of cloud services only covers the transmission phase and storage phase, and each phase must use different Encryption algorithm; and the data must still be restored back to the plaintext when the operation is performed, resulting in doubts about data leakage during the operation. This study hopes to achieve the protection of data in the three stages of transmission, storage and operation by a single encryption mechanism by using Homomorphic Encryption based on Ring-Learning With Errors (RLWE).In this study, Medical Datasets Heart Disease is used to train binary classifiers of two types of machine learning algorithms, such as Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Decision Tree, and then through homomorphic encryption technology. After the coefficient is encrypted with the input data, various homomorphic operations between the ciphertexts are performed, and the ciphertext operation results are decrypted, and compared with the plaintext and unencrypted operation results, and the classification result obtained by the operation in the encryption case is confirmed. Whether it can be kept correct, and a comparative analysis of the quality and cost of the extra time cost and space cost of the encryption operation. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 1 導論 11.1 研究動機 11.2 研究目的 22 研究背景 42.1 雲端服務的資料保護 42.2 同態加密 52.2.1 Ideal Lattice Based HE 72.2.2 Integer-Based HE 112.2.3 RLWE-Based HE 113 相關研究 143.1 差分隱私 143.2 程式混淆 153.3 功能加密 164 研究架構與方法設計 174.1 研究架構 174.2 分類模型訓練及產出 184.3 數值調整與效能最佳化 194.3.1 小數與負數處理 194.3.2 選擇適當的同態加密參數並進行加密及運算 204.4 同態應運算流程設計 214.4.1 支援向量機 214.4.2 決策樹 23 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1835156 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105971002 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Ring learning with errors zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 同態加密 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 機器學習 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 二元分類器 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 支援向量機 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 決策樹 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Ring learning with errors en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Homomorphic encryption en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Machine learning en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Binary classifier en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Support vector machine en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Decision tree en_US dc.title (題名) RLWE同態加密技術落實於二元分類器 zh_TW dc.title (題名) RLWE-Based Homomorphic Data Encryption for Binary Classifier en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [1] M. J. Cox, “Cve-2014-0160 (heartbleed) issue,” 2014, https://plus.google.com/+MarkJCox/posts/TmCbp3BhJma.[2] X. Yi, R. Paulet, and E. Bertino, Homomorphic Encryption and Applications.Springer Publishing Company, Incorporated, 2014.[3] R. L. Rivest, L. Adleman, and M. L. Dertouzos, “On data banks and privacy homomorphisms,” Foundations of Secure Computation, Academia Press, pp.169–179, 1978.[4] S. Halevi, Homomorphic Encryption. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017, pp. 219–276. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57048-8_5[5] C. Gentry, “Fully homomorphic encryption using ideal lattices,” in Proceedings of the Forty-first Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, ser. STOC ’09. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2009, pp. 169–178.[Online]. Available: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1536414.1536440[6] S. Goldwasser and S. Micali, “Probabilistic encryption.” J. Comput. Syst. Sci., vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 270–299, 1984. [Online]. Available: http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/jcss/jcss28.html#GoldwasserM84[7] M. van Dijk, C. Gentry, S. Halevi, and V. Vaikuntanathan, “Fully homomorphic encryption over the integers,” in Proceedings of the29th Annual International Conference on Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques, ser. EUROCRYPT’10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2010, pp. 24–43. [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10. 1007/978-3-642-13190-5_2[8] J.-S. Coron, A. Mandal, D. Naccache, and M. Tibouchi, “Fully homomorphic encryption over the integers with shorter public keys.” IACRCryptology ePrint Archive, vol. 2011, p. 441, 2011. [Online]. Available: http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/iacr/iacr2011.html#CoronMNT11[9] O. Regev, “On lattices, learning with errors, random linear codes, and cryptography,” in Proceedings of the Thirty-seventh Annual ACM Symposiumon Theory of Computing, ser. STOC ’05. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2005, pp. 84–93. [Online]. Available: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1060590.1060603[10] V. Lyubashevsky, C. Peikert, and O. Regev, “On ideal lattices and learning with errors over rings,” in In Proc. of EUROCRYPT, volume 6110 of LNCS. Springer, 2010, pp. 1–23.[11] Z. Brakerski and V. Vaikuntanathan, “Fully homomorphic encryption from ring-lwe and security for key dependent messages,” in Advances in Cryptology – CRYPTO 2011, P. Rogaway, Ed. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011, pp. 505–524.[12] ——, “Efficient fully homomorphic encryption from (standard) lwe,” in Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE 52Nd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, ser. FOCS ’11. Washington, DC, USA: IEEE Computer Society, 2011, pp. 97–106. [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/FOCS.2011.12[13] Z. Brakerski, C. Gentry, and V. Vaikuntanathan, “(leveled) fully homomorphic encryption without bootstrapping,” in Proceedings of the 3rd Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference, ser. ITCS ’12. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2012, pp. 309–325. [Online]. Available: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2090236.2090262[14] C. Dwork, F. McSherry, K. Nissim, and A. Smith, “Calibrating noise to sensitivity in private data analysis,” in Proceedings of the Third Conference on Theory of Cryptography, ser. TCC’06. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2006, pp. 265–284. [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11681878_14[15] B. Barak, O. Goldreich, R. Impagliazzo, S. Rudich, A. Sahai, S. Vadhan, and K. Yang, “On the (im)possibility of obfuscating programs,” in Advances in Cryptology — CRYPTO 2001, J. Kilian, Ed. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001, pp. 1–18.[16] A. Sahai and B. Waters, “Fuzzy identity-based encryption,” in Advances in Cryptology – EUROCRYPT 2005, R. Cramer, Ed. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005, pp. 457–473.[17] S. Halevi and V. Shoup, “Algorithms in helib,” in CRYPTO (1), ser. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 8616. Springer, 2014, pp. 554–571.[18] Z. Brakerski, C. Gentry, and S. Halevi, “Packed ciphertexts in lwe-based homomorphic encryption,” in Public-Key Cryptography - PKC 2013, vol. 7778, 2013, p. 1.[19] C. Gentry, S. Halevi, and N. P. Smart, “Fully homomorphic encryption with polylog overhead,” in Proceedings of the 31st Annual International Conference on Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques, ser. EUROCRYPT’12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2012, pp. 465–482. [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29011-4_28[20] S. Halevi and V. Shoup, “Faster homomorphic linear transformations in helib,” in CRYPTO (1), ser. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 10991. Springer, 2018, pp. 93–120.[21] G. S. Çetin, Y. Doröz, B. Sunar, and E. Savas, “Low depth circuits for efficient homomorphic sorting,” IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive, vol. 2015, p. 274,2015. zh_TW dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/THE.NCCU.EMCS.004.2019.B02 en_US
