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題名 印尼國內對官方回應中國新疆維吾爾族政策的支持: 一個公眾外交探究
Indonesia`s Domestic Support for the Government’s Responses to Muslim Uighurs in Xinjiang: a public diplomacy inquiry作者 施愛麗
Siedharta, Indira貢獻者 李瓊莉
Lee, Chyungly
施愛麗
Indira Siedharta關鍵詞 國內公眾外交
媒體框架
新聞語氣分析
新聞框架分析
Domestic public diplomacy
Media framing
News tone analysis
News frames analysis日期 2020 上傳時間 5-May-2020 11:59:00 (UTC+8) 摘要 none
AbstractIn the realm of new public diplomacy in the 21st century, the domestic public support for foreign policy has become more crucial than ever. Public diplomacy is not only intended for the foreign public but also the domestic public as successful foreign policy has been seen as an extension of domestic diplomacy. This study examines the domestic public diplomacy done by the Indonesian government, especially in the case study of Muslim Uighurs in Xinjiang. It contrasts the Indonesian government and a government-friendly media as a communication tool in this domestic public diplomacy process with a media framing approach. Result shows that both the government and government-friendly media are not correlated to each other in framing the news regarding the Muslim Uighurs Xinjiang case. While the government media tried to cover the news more positively, the government-friendly media showed a more negative tone instead. Regarding the news frames, the government media preferably used the human interest frame to “emotionalize” the news, while the government-friendly media preferably used conflict frame to emphasize the conflict between the parties involved.Keywords: domestic public diplomacy, media framing, news tone analysis, news frames analysis參考文獻 Adesina, O. S. (2017). Foreign policy in an era of digital diplomacy. Cogent Social Sciences, 3(1).AEDT. (2018, January 16). What is digital diplomacy and why Indonesia should embrace it? Theconversation.com. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/what-is-digital-diplomacy-and-why-indonesia-should-embrace-it-89327.Afrianto, Dedy. (2016, March 16). 96% masyarakat indonesia konsumsi berita online. Okezone. Retrieved from https://economy.okezone.com/read/2016/03/16/320/1337230/96-masyarakat-indonesia-konsumsi-berita-online.Agence-France Presse. (2019, February 10). China`s treatment of Uighurs is `embarrassment for humanity`, says Turkey. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/feb/10/chinas-treatment-of-uighurs-is-embarrassment-for-humanity-says-turkey.An, S. K., & Gower, K. K. (2009). How do the news media frame crises? A content analysis of crisis news coverage. Public Relations Review, 35(2), 107-112.Arowolo, Olasunkanmi. (2017). Understanding framing theory. Research Gate. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317841096_UNDERSTANDING_FRAMING_THEORY.Azra, Azyumardi. (2015). Indonesia’s middle power public diplomacy: Asia and beyond. Understanding Public Diplomacy in East Asia, 131-154.Bátora, Jozef. (2005). Public diplomacy in small and medium-sized states: Norway and Canada. The Hague: Netherlands Institute of International Relations.Berelson, B. (1952). Content analysis in communication research. New York, NY: Free Press.Boin, A. (2009). The new world of crises and crisis management: Implications for policymaking and research. Review of Policy Research, 26(4), 367–77.Cissel, M. (2012). Media framing a comparative content analysis on mainstream and alternative news coverage of Occupy Wall Street. The Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications, 3(1), 67-77.Damaledo, Yandri D. (2017, September 28). Peran Indonesia bantu krisis Rohingya menuai apresiasi PBB. Tirto.ID. Retrieved from https://tirto.id/peran-indonesia-bantu-krisis-rohingya-menuai-apresiasi-pbb-cxr2.Daud, Ameidyo. (2019, November 23). Putri Tanjung jadi staf Jokowi, CT merapat pemerintah? Katadata. Retrieved from https://katadata.co.id/berita/2019/11/23/putri-tanjung-jadi-staf-jokowi-ct-merapat-pemerintah.Elo, S., & Kyngäs, H. (2008). The qualitative content analysis process. Journal of advancednursing, 62(1), 107-115.Entman, Robert M. (2004). Projections of power: Framing news, public opinion, and U.S. foreign policy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.———. (2007). Framing bias: Media in the distribution of power. Journal of Communications, 57(1), 163 – 173.Fatmawati, Nur Indah. (2018, January 9). Detikcom raih Adam Malik Award 2018. Detiknews. Retrieved from https://news.detik.com/berita/d-3805878/detikcom-raih-adam-malik-award-2018.Freyenberger, D. (2013). Amanda Knox: A content analysis of media framing in newspapers around the world. Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Retrieved from https://dc.etsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2281&context=etd.Galaz, V., Moberg, F., Olsson, E.-K., Paglia, E., & Parker, C. (2011). Institutional and political leadership dimensions of cascading ecological crises. Public Administration, 89(2), 361–80.Gamson, W.A. & Modigliani, A. (1989). Media discourse and public opinion on nuclear power: A constructionist approach. The American Journal of Sociology, 95, 1-37.Gilboa, Eytan. (1998). Media diplomacy: Conceptual divergence and applications. Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 3(3): 56-75.———. (2001). Diplomacy in the media age: Three models of uses and effects. Diplomacy and Statecraft, 12(2), 1-28.———. (2002). Global communication and foreign policy. Journal of Communication, 52(4): 731-48.———. (2006). Public diplomacy: The missing component in Israel’s foreign policy. Israel Affairs, 12(4), 715-47.———. (2008). Searching for a theory of public diplomacy. The annals of the American academy of political and social science, 616(1), 55-77.Gilpin, D.R. & Murphy, P.J. (2008). Crisis management in a complex world. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.Goffman, E. (1974). Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.H. Hadiansyah, B. Purwandari, R. Satria and S. B. Yudhoatmojo. (2017). Social media strategies for public diplomacy: A case study in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia. Second International Conference on Informatics and Computing, 1-5.Hasan, Rizki A. (2017, September 3). 5 aksi Indonesia bantu atasi krisis Rohingya di Myanmar. Liputan6. Retrieved from https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/3080648/5-aksi-indonesia-bantu-atasi-krisis-rohingya-di-myanmar.Hughes, Roland. (2018, November 8). China Uighurs: All you need to know on Muslim `crackdown`. BBC News. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-45474279.Huijgh, E. (2013). Changing tunes for public diplomacy: Exploring the domestic dimension. The Journal of Public Diplomacy, 2(1), 6.———. (2016). The public diplomacy of emerging powers part 2: The case of Indonesia. Los Angeles: Figueroa Press.———. (2017). Indonesia’s “intermestic” public diplomacy: Features and future. Politics & Policy, 45(5), 762-792.Kepplinger, H. M., Donsbach, W., Brosius, H. B., & Staab, J. F. (1989). Media tone and public opinion: A longitudinal study of media coverage and public opinion on Chancellor Kohl. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 1(4), 326-342.Kolbe, R. H., & Burnett, M. S. (1991). Content-analysis research: An examination of applications with directives for improving research reliability and objectivity. Journal of Consumer Research, 18, 243-250.Lombard, M., Snyder‐Duch, J., & Bracken, C. C. (2002). Content analysis in mass communication: Assessment and reporting of intercoder reliability. Human communication research, 28(4), 587-604.Mass Communication Theory. (2017, January 31). Framing Theory. Mass Communication Theory. Retrieved from https://masscommtheory.com/theory-overviews/framing-theory/.McHugh, M. L. (2012). Interrater reliability: the kappa statistic. Biochemia medica: Biochemia medica, 22(3), 276-282.Melissen, J. (2011). Beyond the new public diplomacy. Netherlands Institute of International Relations `Clingendael`.———. (2013). Public diplomacy. In The oxford handbook of modern diplomacy.Michaelson, D., & Griffin, T. L. (2005). A new model for media content analysis. Administrative Science Quarterly, 43(4), 877-905.Movanita, Ambaranie N. K. (2018, July 27). Kompas.com sabet penghargaan berita online terpercaya dari Superbrands. Kompas. Retrieved from https://ekonomi.kompas.com/read/2018/07/27/215200426/kompascom-sabet-penghargaan-berita-online-terpercaya-dari-superbrands.Nebehay, Stephanie. (2018, August 10). U.N. says it has credible reports that China holds million Uighurs in secret camps. Reuters. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-rights-un/u-n-says-it-has-credible-reports-that-china-holds-million-uighurs-in-secret-camps-idUSKBN1KV1SU.Ociepka, B. (2008). Public diplomacy. The International Encyclopedia of Communication.Olsson, E. K. (2013). Public diplomacy as a crisis communication tool. Journal of International Communication, 19(2), 219-234.Pan, Z. & Kosicki, G.M. (1993). Framing analysis: an approach to news discourse. Political Communication, 10, 55-76.Permadi, D. (2012). Media masa sebagai instrumen diplomasi Amerika Serikat dalam kasus invasi ke Irak dan Afganistan. 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國立政治大學
國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS)
106461014資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106461014 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 李瓊莉 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Lee, Chyungly en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 施愛麗 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Indira Siedharta en_US dc.creator (作者) 施愛麗 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Siedharta, Indira en_US dc.date (日期) 2020 en_US dc.date.accessioned 5-May-2020 11:59:00 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 5-May-2020 11:59:00 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 5-May-2020 11:59:00 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0106461014 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/129658 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 106461014 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) none zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) AbstractIn the realm of new public diplomacy in the 21st century, the domestic public support for foreign policy has become more crucial than ever. Public diplomacy is not only intended for the foreign public but also the domestic public as successful foreign policy has been seen as an extension of domestic diplomacy. This study examines the domestic public diplomacy done by the Indonesian government, especially in the case study of Muslim Uighurs in Xinjiang. It contrasts the Indonesian government and a government-friendly media as a communication tool in this domestic public diplomacy process with a media framing approach. Result shows that both the government and government-friendly media are not correlated to each other in framing the news regarding the Muslim Uighurs Xinjiang case. While the government media tried to cover the news more positively, the government-friendly media showed a more negative tone instead. Regarding the news frames, the government media preferably used the human interest frame to “emotionalize” the news, while the government-friendly media preferably used conflict frame to emphasize the conflict between the parties involved.Keywords: domestic public diplomacy, media framing, news tone analysis, news frames analysis en_US dc.description.tableofcontents CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 11.1 Research Background 11.2 Research Objectives 51.3 Research Design 61.4 Expected Contributions 9CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 112.1 Theoretical Foundations 112.1.1 Public Diplomacy 112.1.2 Domestic Public Diplomacy and Public Opinion 122.1.3 Digital Public Diplomacy 142.1.4 Media Framing in Public Diplomacy 162.1.4.1 News Tone Analysis 182.1.4.2 News Frames Analysis 21CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 263.1 Data Collection 273.2 Sampling 303.3 Data Analysis 323.3.1 Coding Instrument 333.4 Intercoder Reliability 34CHAPTER 4: RESULTS 364.1 News Tone Analysis 364.2 News Frames Analysis 40CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION 465.1 Discussions 465.1.1 News Tone Analysis 475.1.2 News Frames Analysis 515.2 Conclusion 545.3 Limitations 55REFERENCES 56APPENDIX A 62APPENDIX B 79APPENDIX C 84 zh_TW dc.format.extent 2277459 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106461014 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 國內公眾外交 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 媒體框架 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新聞語氣分析 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新聞框架分析 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Domestic public diplomacy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Media framing en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) News tone analysis en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) News frames analysis en_US dc.title (題名) 印尼國內對官方回應中國新疆維吾爾族政策的支持: 一個公眾外交探究 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Indonesia`s Domestic Support for the Government’s Responses to Muslim Uighurs in Xinjiang: a public diplomacy inquiry en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Adesina, O. S. (2017). Foreign policy in an era of digital diplomacy. Cogent Social Sciences, 3(1).AEDT. (2018, January 16). What is digital diplomacy and why Indonesia should embrace it? Theconversation.com. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/what-is-digital-diplomacy-and-why-indonesia-should-embrace-it-89327.Afrianto, Dedy. (2016, March 16). 96% masyarakat indonesia konsumsi berita online. Okezone. Retrieved from https://economy.okezone.com/read/2016/03/16/320/1337230/96-masyarakat-indonesia-konsumsi-berita-online.Agence-France Presse. (2019, February 10). China`s treatment of Uighurs is `embarrassment for humanity`, says Turkey. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/feb/10/chinas-treatment-of-uighurs-is-embarrassment-for-humanity-says-turkey.An, S. K., & Gower, K. K. (2009). How do the news media frame crises? A content analysis of crisis news coverage. Public Relations Review, 35(2), 107-112.Arowolo, Olasunkanmi. (2017). Understanding framing theory. Research Gate. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317841096_UNDERSTANDING_FRAMING_THEORY.Azra, Azyumardi. (2015). Indonesia’s middle power public diplomacy: Asia and beyond. Understanding Public Diplomacy in East Asia, 131-154.Bátora, Jozef. (2005). Public diplomacy in small and medium-sized states: Norway and Canada. The Hague: Netherlands Institute of International Relations.Berelson, B. (1952). Content analysis in communication research. New York, NY: Free Press.Boin, A. (2009). The new world of crises and crisis management: Implications for policymaking and research. Review of Policy Research, 26(4), 367–77.Cissel, M. (2012). Media framing a comparative content analysis on mainstream and alternative news coverage of Occupy Wall Street. The Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications, 3(1), 67-77.Damaledo, Yandri D. (2017, September 28). Peran Indonesia bantu krisis Rohingya menuai apresiasi PBB. Tirto.ID. Retrieved from https://tirto.id/peran-indonesia-bantu-krisis-rohingya-menuai-apresiasi-pbb-cxr2.Daud, Ameidyo. (2019, November 23). Putri Tanjung jadi staf Jokowi, CT merapat pemerintah? Katadata. Retrieved from https://katadata.co.id/berita/2019/11/23/putri-tanjung-jadi-staf-jokowi-ct-merapat-pemerintah.Elo, S., & Kyngäs, H. (2008). The qualitative content analysis process. Journal of advancednursing, 62(1), 107-115.Entman, Robert M. (2004). Projections of power: Framing news, public opinion, and U.S. foreign policy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.———. (2007). Framing bias: Media in the distribution of power. Journal of Communications, 57(1), 163 – 173.Fatmawati, Nur Indah. (2018, January 9). Detikcom raih Adam Malik Award 2018. Detiknews. Retrieved from https://news.detik.com/berita/d-3805878/detikcom-raih-adam-malik-award-2018.Freyenberger, D. (2013). Amanda Knox: A content analysis of media framing in newspapers around the world. Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Retrieved from https://dc.etsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2281&context=etd.Galaz, V., Moberg, F., Olsson, E.-K., Paglia, E., & Parker, C. (2011). Institutional and political leadership dimensions of cascading ecological crises. Public Administration, 89(2), 361–80.Gamson, W.A. & Modigliani, A. (1989). Media discourse and public opinion on nuclear power: A constructionist approach. The American Journal of Sociology, 95, 1-37.Gilboa, Eytan. (1998). Media diplomacy: Conceptual divergence and applications. Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 3(3): 56-75.———. (2001). Diplomacy in the media age: Three models of uses and effects. Diplomacy and Statecraft, 12(2), 1-28.———. (2002). Global communication and foreign policy. Journal of Communication, 52(4): 731-48.———. (2006). Public diplomacy: The missing component in Israel’s foreign policy. Israel Affairs, 12(4), 715-47.———. (2008). Searching for a theory of public diplomacy. The annals of the American academy of political and social science, 616(1), 55-77.Gilpin, D.R. & Murphy, P.J. (2008). Crisis management in a complex world. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.Goffman, E. (1974). Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.H. Hadiansyah, B. Purwandari, R. Satria and S. B. Yudhoatmojo. (2017). Social media strategies for public diplomacy: A case study in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia. Second International Conference on Informatics and Computing, 1-5.Hasan, Rizki A. (2017, September 3). 5 aksi Indonesia bantu atasi krisis Rohingya di Myanmar. Liputan6. Retrieved from https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/3080648/5-aksi-indonesia-bantu-atasi-krisis-rohingya-di-myanmar.Hughes, Roland. (2018, November 8). China Uighurs: All you need to know on Muslim `crackdown`. BBC News. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-45474279.Huijgh, E. (2013). Changing tunes for public diplomacy: Exploring the domestic dimension. The Journal of Public Diplomacy, 2(1), 6.———. (2016). The public diplomacy of emerging powers part 2: The case of Indonesia. Los Angeles: Figueroa Press.———. (2017). Indonesia’s “intermestic” public diplomacy: Features and future. Politics & Policy, 45(5), 762-792.Kepplinger, H. M., Donsbach, W., Brosius, H. B., & Staab, J. F. (1989). Media tone and public opinion: A longitudinal study of media coverage and public opinion on Chancellor Kohl. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 1(4), 326-342.Kolbe, R. H., & Burnett, M. S. (1991). Content-analysis research: An examination of applications with directives for improving research reliability and objectivity. Journal of Consumer Research, 18, 243-250.Lombard, M., Snyder‐Duch, J., & Bracken, C. C. (2002). Content analysis in mass communication: Assessment and reporting of intercoder reliability. 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