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題名 台灣開放銀行之市場參與及未來挑戰
The Market Participation And Future Challenge Of Open Banking In Taiwan
作者 駱昱君
Lo, Yu-Chun
貢獻者 王儷玲
Wang, Li-Ling
駱昱君
Lo, Yu-Chun
關鍵詞 開放銀行
開放API
第三方業者
日期 2020
上傳時間 1-二月-2021 14:01:01 (UTC+8)
摘要 開放銀行是近年來全球金融圈興起的風潮。開放銀行指的是資料的開放，在客戶同意之下利用應用程式介面(API)將資料給予第三方業者(Third Party Service Provider，TSP)以提供客戶精準化的服務。其理念為讓客戶自行決定資料的使用方式，讓客戶擁有自己資料的主控權，即是一種實踐消費者賦權(Consumer Empowement)的過程。消費者賦權的概念與開放銀行有著緊密的連結，兩者相輔相成，歐盟的GDPR法案與澳洲的消費者資料權(Consumer Data Right)法案即是以立法實現消費者賦權的案例，並對促進該二個地區的開放銀行發展有積極的影響。在台灣，金融監督管理委員會定調台灣的開放銀行政策分為三階段執行，分別是公開資訊查詢、消費者資訊查詢與交易面資訊，於去年底第一階段已正式開始，為探討銀行與TSP在第一階段啟動後開放銀行業務合作現況，本研究使用問卷調查與半結構訪談調查銀行業者與TSP業者於第一階段開始後在合作上遇到的挑戰。經研究發現，銀行業者承擔的風險過高是銀行端在初期態度保守的主因；銀行與TSP受訪者者亦認為合作所依據的自律規範存在遴選條件與稽核流程不明確的問題；而現行的規範亦不利於小型新創業者。針對銀行與TSP在合作上遇到的挑戰，本研究列出以下幾項建議：(1)導入消費者同意權管裡儀表板制度讓消費者真正擁有資料控制權，讓銀行能真正放心開放資料；(2)從法制面探討便於業者資料交換情境的適法架構；(3)TSP遴選改註冊制並在管理上加入分級管理精神，將第三方業者視為資料共享之合作夥伴；(4)納保資安保險，令銀行與TSP業者能確實控制爭議賠償等風險。(5)整合跨領域資料共享標準，以讓銀行與TSP的合作能夠更加順利，藉此共創雙方互惠、雙贏的榮景，加速我國開放資料進展。
參考文獻 中文部分
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王儷玲（2020）。開放銀行現行挑戰與未來新藍海。遠見雜誌，411期，28。
李世德（2018）。GDPR與我國個人資料保護法之比較分析。台灣經濟論衡，16(3)，69-93。
林志威、林宜隆與陳懷恩（2019）。建立符合國際標準之資安保險規範與入流程之探討。2019台灣網際網路研討會。
金融監督管理委員會（2016）。金融科技發展策略白皮書，1-136，取自https://www.fsc.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=517&parentpath=0,7,478。
政大金融科技中心（2020）。我國開放銀行發展剖析與政策建言。財團法人外匯市場發展基金會專題研究計畫（計畫主持人：王儷玲）。
香港金融管理局（2017）。智慧銀行新紀元。香港金融管理局官方網站，取自https://www.hkma.gov.hk/chi/news-and-media/press-releases/2017/09/20170929-3/。
香港金融管理局（2019）。銀行業開放應用程式介面（開放API）實施階段。取自https://www.hkma.gov.hk/chi/key-functions/international-financial-centre/fintech/open-application-programming-interface-api-for-the-banking-sector/phase-approach/。
財金公司（2019）。金融機構與第三方服務提供者辦理開放應用程式介面（Open API）業務安全控管作業規範（2019年12月26日財金公司開放API諮詢小組會議通過版本）。
財金公司（2020）。開放應用程式介面（Open API）技術標準規格文件。（發布日期：2020/03/20）
財金資訊股份有限公司（2019）。「開放API」業務分享。2019 Open API-TSP業者說明會。
陳恭（2020）。開放金融：MyData在金融業的應用。台灣經濟論衡，18(1)，30-34。
彭金隆(2020)。開放銀行(Open Banking)實施在我國個人資料保護法令之限制與解套研究。政治大學金融科技研究中心。
黃健雄、張瓊文（2018年12月）。2018英國金融科技會議（Finovate Europe 2018）參訪紀要。金融聯合徵信雜誌，33期，52-59。
資策會產業情報研究所（MIC）（2019）。《行動支付消費者調查》。資策會研究報告。取自https://mic.iii.org.tw/news.aspx?id=551。
臧正運（2020）。開放銀行與消費者賦權。消費者報導雜誌，471期，15-18。
銀行公會（2018）。中華民國銀行公會會員銀行與第三方服務提供者合作之自律規範。（2018/11/27開放API研究暨應用發展委員會後修正版）。

英文部分
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Adam Lawrence(2019).PSD2 Insurance -Is Your Professional Indemnity Insurance Compliant?.From https://www.macbeths.co.uk/payment-services-directive-2-psd2-requirement-for-professional-indemnity-insurance/.
Australian Competition and comsumer commsion(2019). Explanatory statement-Proposed Competition and Consumer (Consumer Data Right)Rules. From https://www.accc.gov.au/system/files/Proposed%20CDR%20rules%20-%20Explanatory%20Statement%20-%20August%202019.pdf
Australian Government Productivity Commission(2017).DATA AVAILABILITY AND USE – PRODUCTIVITY COMMISSION INQUIRY REPORT,From https://www.pc.gov.au/inquiries/completed/data-access/report/data-access.pdf.
Avi Shankar, Hélène Cherrier, Robin Canniford(2006).Consumer empowerment: a Foucauldian interpretation. European Journal of Marketing. Volume 40,No.9/10,1013-1030.
Bank for International Settlements(BIS)(2019). Annual Economic Report. June 2019.form https://www.bis.org/publ/arpdf/ar2019e.pdf
Capgemini(2018). Bringing Compliance and Innovation together.From https://www.capgemini.com/nl-nl/2018/10/leveraging-the-opportunities-of-open-banking-the-kyc-platform/.
Carol Brennan,Katrina Ritters (2004) .Consumer Education in the UK: New Developments in Policy, Strategy and Implementation. International Journal of Consumer Studies 28.97–107.
Competition & Markets Authority(2016).Retail Banking Market Investigation-Final Report.From https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/57ac9667e5274a0f6c00007a/retail-banking-market-investigation-full-final-report.pdf.
Competition & Markets Authority(2017).Retail Banking Market Investigation Order.From https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/retail-banking-market-investigation-order-2017.
Competition and Markets Authority(2014). Press release:Personal current account and small business banking face full competition investigation.From https://www.gov.uk/government/news/personal-current-account-and-small-business-banking-face-full-competition-investigation.
D.Jacobson, G. Brail, and D. Woods (2011). APIs: A Strategy Guide. Sebastopol: O’Reilly.Media Inc. ISBN: 9781449308926.
Danny Yates, Emma Kitchener(2020). Open Banking: Designing for trust in consumer consent.From https://www.thoughtworks.com/insights/blog/open-banking-designing-trust-consumer-consent.
Department of Business,Innovation and Skills(2011).The Midata vision of consumer empowerment. From https://www.gov.uk/government/news/the-Midata-vision-of-consumer-empowerment
Douglas W.Arner,Janos Nathan Barberis,Ross Buckley(2016). The Evolution of Fintech：A New Post-Crisis Paradigm?.SSRN Electronic Journal. 47(4).1271-1319.
Euro Banking Association.(2016).Understanding the business relevance of Open APIs and Open Banking for banks ver 1.0.From https://www.abe-eba.eu/media/azure/production/1522/business-relevance-of-open-apis-and-open-banking-for-banks.pdf.
Finextra(2020).Open banking product usage surges in UK.From https://www.finextra.com/newsarticle/36628/open-banking-product-usage-surges-in-uk
Gary L. Hunter, Ina Garnefeld(2008).When does Consumer Empowerment Lead to Satisfied Customers? Some Mediating and Moderating Effects of the Empowerment-Satisfaction Link.Journal of Research for Consumers.2008.Issue 15.1-14.
Harlan Lebo, Senior Fellow(2018).The Future of Money and Banking.Center for the Digital Future. from https://digitalcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Future-of-Money-and-Banking-Report-Center-for-the-Digital-Future-April-2018.pdf.
Hong Kong Monetary Authority(2018).Open API Framework for the Hong Kong Banking Sector. From https://www.hkma.gov.hk/media/eng/doc/key-information/press-release/2018/20180718e5a2.pdf.
Ian Harper, Peter Anderson, Su Mccluskey & Michael o’Bryan Qc(2015).COMPETITION POLICY REVIEW FINAL REPORT. From http://competitionpolicyreview.gov.au/files/2015/03/Competition-policy-review-report_online.pdf。
KPMG(2019).Open banking opens opportunities for greater customer value:Reshaping the banking experience. From https://home.kpmg/xx/en/home/insights/2019/05/open-banking-for-greater-customer-value-fs.html.
Luc Wathieu, Lyle Brenner, Ziv Carmon, Amitava Chattopadhyay, Klaus Wertenbroch, Aimee Drolet, John Gourville, A. V. Muthukrishnan, Nathan Novemsky, Rebecca K. Ratner & George Wu(2002). Consumer Control and Empowerment: A Primer. Marketing Letters. volume 13, 297-305.
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Moilanen(2017). From private to public -API types from business perspective. From https://medium.com/apinf/from-private-to-public-api-types-from-business-perspective-76b6e6e12624.
Monetary Authority of Singapore(MAS)(2016).The Association of Banks in Singapore(ABS).ABS-MAS FINANCIAL WORLD Finance-as-a-Service:API Playbook. From https://abs.org.sg/docs/library/abs-api-playbook.pdf.
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Open Banking Limited(2018). Open Banking Guidelines for Read/Write Participants.From https://www.openbanking.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/Guidelines-for-Read-Write-Participants.pdf
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
風險管理與保險學系
107358023
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107358023
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 王儷玲zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Wang, Li-Lingen_US
dc.contributor.author (作者) 駱昱君zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (作者) Lo, Yu-Chunen_US
dc.creator (作者) 駱昱君zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Lo, Yu-Chunen_US
dc.date (日期) 2020en_US
dc.date.accessioned 1-二月-2021 14:01:01 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 1-二月-2021 14:01:01 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-二月-2021 14:01:01 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0107358023en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/133848-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 風險管理與保險學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 107358023zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 開放銀行是近年來全球金融圈興起的風潮。開放銀行指的是資料的開放，在客戶同意之下利用應用程式介面(API)將資料給予第三方業者(Third Party Service Provider，TSP)以提供客戶精準化的服務。其理念為讓客戶自行決定資料的使用方式，讓客戶擁有自己資料的主控權，即是一種實踐消費者賦權(Consumer Empowement)的過程。消費者賦權的概念與開放銀行有著緊密的連結，兩者相輔相成，歐盟的GDPR法案與澳洲的消費者資料權(Consumer Data Right)法案即是以立法實現消費者賦權的案例，並對促進該二個地區的開放銀行發展有積極的影響。在台灣，金融監督管理委員會定調台灣的開放銀行政策分為三階段執行，分別是公開資訊查詢、消費者資訊查詢與交易面資訊，於去年底第一階段已正式開始，為探討銀行與TSP在第一階段啟動後開放銀行業務合作現況，本研究使用問卷調查與半結構訪談調查銀行業者與TSP業者於第一階段開始後在合作上遇到的挑戰。經研究發現，銀行業者承擔的風險過高是銀行端在初期態度保守的主因；銀行與TSP受訪者者亦認為合作所依據的自律規範存在遴選條件與稽核流程不明確的問題；而現行的規範亦不利於小型新創業者。針對銀行與TSP在合作上遇到的挑戰，本研究列出以下幾項建議：(1)導入消費者同意權管裡儀表板制度讓消費者真正擁有資料控制權，讓銀行能真正放心開放資料；(2)從法制面探討便於業者資料交換情境的適法架構；(3)TSP遴選改註冊制並在管理上加入分級管理精神，將第三方業者視為資料共享之合作夥伴；(4)納保資安保險，令銀行與TSP業者能確實控制爭議賠償等風險。(5)整合跨領域資料共享標準，以讓銀行與TSP的合作能夠更加順利，藉此共創雙方互惠、雙贏的榮景，加速我國開放資料進展。zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄 i
表目錄 v
圖目錄 vii
第壹章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機 1
第二節 研究問題 5
第三節 研究範圍 5
第四節 研究流程 5
第貳章 文獻回顧與國際發展 7
第一節 開放銀行概述 7
第二節 國際開放銀行發展 15
第三節 台灣開放銀行發展 32
第參章 研究方法 42
第一節 問卷調查法 42
第二節 訪談分析法 47
第肆章 問卷與訪談結果分析 51
第ㄧ節 問卷調查結果說明 51
第二節 訪談結果說明 66
第伍章 結論與建議 79
第一節 研究發現 79
第二節 研究建議 85
第三節 研究限制與未來研究方向 98
參考文獻 101
附錄ㄧ 問卷調查表 107
附錄二 銀行訪談大綱 112
附錄三 第三方業者（TSP）訪談大綱 113		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 3039115 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107358023en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 開放銀行zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 開放APIzh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 第三方業者zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 台灣開放銀行之市場參與及未來挑戰zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Market Participation And Future Challenge Of Open Banking In Taiwanen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文部分
中央銀行（2019）。FinTechs 與BigTechs在金融領域的發展、影響與管制議題。2019年9月19日。中央銀行理監事聯席會議會後記者會參考資料。取自https://www.cbc.gov.tw/tw/cp-302-104480-a74b1-1.html。
王儷玲（2020）。開放銀行現行挑戰與未來新藍海。遠見雜誌，411期，28。
李世德（2018）。GDPR與我國個人資料保護法之比較分析。台灣經濟論衡，16(3)，69-93。
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dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/NCCU202100121en_US