1. NCCU Academic Hub
  2. 學術產出
  3. 教育學院
  4. 學位論文
  5. Item

學術產出-學位論文

文章檢視/開啟

書目匯出

Google ScholarTM

政大圖書館

引文資訊

TAIR相關學術產出

題名 心理師經營社群網站之自我揭露經驗探討
Counselors` experience of self-disclosure on the usage of social networking sites
作者 鄭芷昀
Cheng, Chih-Yun
貢獻者 陳婉真
Chen, Wan-Chen
鄭芷昀
Cheng, Chih-Yun
關鍵詞 心理師
社群網站
自我揭露
諮商關係
Counselors
Social networking sites
Self-disclosure
Counseling relationship
日期 2021
上傳時間 4-八月-2021 16:30:13 (UTC+8)
摘要 　　隨心理師的職業型態演變，許多從業心理師選擇經營自費諮商，心理諮商專業逐漸進入自由競爭的市場，心理師自身遂成為行銷的「品牌」。跟上網路的發達以及社群網站的普及，愈來愈多心理師以專業身分經營公開的社群網站。

　　本研究旨在探討心理師經營社群網站的動機、文章自我揭露的決策與考量、社群網站與諮商工作的形象異同，以及經營社群網站對諮商關係造成的影響。本研究採質性方法，共招募四位經營社群網站之執業心理師為研究對象，進行個別研究訪談，透過主題分析法，對心理師經營社群網站的現場經驗形成歸納結論。研究結果如下：

一、心理師經營社群網站之動機：（一）社群網站行銷個人品牌，可提升知名度。（二）心理師適度公開資訊可增加諮商關係信任度與適配性。

二、社群網站自我揭露之考量與決策：（一）維護諮商當事人隱私，避免撰寫真實案例、明示保密原則。（二）撰寫文章須避免引發投射、對關係引發負面效應的內容。（三）維護心理師個人及親友之隱私。

三、經營社群網站與專業工作之形象：（一）期待呈現兩者一致且專業的形象。（二）兩者呈現的形象仍有差異：（1）兩者表達與互動方式不同導致形象差異、（2）社群網站特性與心理師專業特質有差異、（3）社群網站以心理師為主體，諮商則以當事人為主體。

四、社群網站影響諮商關係互動：（一）文章影響當事人對諮商關係的信任。（二）當事人透過文章理想化心理師與諮商效能。（三）文章促發當事人追問心理師的個人私事。

　　最後，根據研究結果，針對心理師經營社群網站與未來研究提出建議。
　　Following the evolution of the professional occupation type of counselors, many employed counselors have turned to operate self-pay counseling services. As counselors gradually enter free market, they themselves have become the "brands" in marketing. Keeping up with the development of the Internet and the popularity of social networking sites, more and more counselors are operating social networking sites as professional practitioners.

　　This study aims to explore the counselors’ motivations for managing social networking sites; the decisions and considerations of self-disclosure in the articles; the similarities and differences in personal images between social networking sites and counseling work, and the impact of operating social networking sites on counseling relationships. This study applied qualitative research, a total of four counselors who operate social networking sites were recruited as research participants to conduct individual research interviews. Thematic analysis is adopted to analyze and compile the counselors’ on-site experiences of operating the social networking sites.

　　The results of the study are as follows:
1. Motivation of counselors’ management of social networking sites: (1) Utilizing social networking site to promote personal brand and enhance the reputation. (2) Moderate disclosure of information of counselors increases the trust and suitability in counseling relationships.

2. Considerations and decisions pertain to self-disclosure on social networking sites: (1) Avoid citing real cases and inform the principle of confidentiality to protect clients’ privacy. (2) Avoid content that triggers projection and negative effects on counselor-relationships. (3) Preserve the privacy of counselors per se and their relatives and friends.

3. Counselors’ image in social networking site and counseling work: (1) Expectations of presenting a consistent and professional image in both. (2) Differences still exist in the image presented respectively: (I) The distinctive styles of expressions and interactions lead to different impressions of the image, (II) The characteristics of the social network are different from that of the counselors’ in their profession, (III) Social networking site is counselor-centered whereas counseling is client-centered.

4. Social networking sites affect the counseling relationships and interactions: (1) Counselors’ articles affect the clients’ trust in the counseling relationships. (2) The clients idealize the counselors and counseling efficiency. (3) Counselors’ articles urge the clients to inquire about the matters of counselors` privacy.
參考文獻 Dreamers Corp.（2009年3月17日）。甚麼是Web 2.0？【部落格文字資料】。http://dreamerscorp.com/blog/%E4%BB%80%E9%BA%BC%E6%98%AFweb-20/
中華民國諮商心理師公會全國聯合會（2012）。諮商心理師專業倫理守則。http://gc.ncue.edu.tw/history_report_file/1386160714_2.pdf
王文科、王智弘（2010）。質的研究的信度和效度。彰化師大教育學報，17，29-50。
王秀芬（2011年6月29日）。網路社群媒體發展分析【部落格文字資料】。https://mic.iii.org.tw/AISP/FreeS.aspx?id=2965
王金石、朱翠瑾（2003）。執業心理師專業培養與心理診所專業經營之模式研討。諮商與輔導，215，16-20。
王智弘（2004）。後心理師法時代社區諮商輔導機構發展的重要議題－服務 轉型、倫理建立與媒體運用。九十三年全國生命線年會大會手冊，58- 64。
王智弘（2007）。助人專業如何運用媒體以進行專業行銷。台灣心理諮商通訊，204。http://www.heart.net.tw/204-1.html
王麗容（1980）。我國社會工作員專業認同與專業滿足之研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立臺灣大學，臺北市。
吳禺廷、何英奇（2017）。諮商心理師的行銷之道。諮商與輔導，374，21-26。
吳禺廷、何慧儀（2017）。從社會學行銷觀點談心理諮商的推廣。諮商與輔導， 383，24-29。
吳慎慎（2003）。教師專業認同與終身學習：生命史敘說研究（未出版之博士論文）。國立臺灣師範大學，臺北市。
李玆穎（2012）。「你今天fb了嗎」─ 心理諮商人員使用社群網站之經驗與決策探討（未出版之碩士論文）。國立臺北教育大學，臺北市。
李華璋（2001）。諮商人員專業認同歷程分析研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立彰化師範大學，彰化縣。
周佑芯、蔡忠霖、林婕妤、顏莉穎、陳玉容、吳芝儀（2021）。斜槓心理師專業認同與生涯承諾之探討。諮商與輔導，423，15-18。
林天祐（2002）。認識研究倫理。載於臺北市立師範學院輔導中心，研究論文與報告撰寫手冊 （96-134）。臺北市：臺北市立師範學院輔導中心。
林本炫（2007）不同質性方法的資料分析比較。周平、楊弘任（主編），質性研究方法的眾聲喧嘩。嘉義縣：南華教社所。
林思瑀（2019）。教養專家社群網站內容行銷之研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立政治大學，臺北市。
林美珠，田秀蘭（譯）（2006）。助人技巧 : 探索、洞察與行動的催化（原作者：Clara E. Hill）。學富文化。
林祐輿（2009）。影響部落客自我揭露意圖因素之研究—以台灣地區為例（未出版之碩士論文）。朝陽科技大學：臺中市。
邱珍琬（2007）。諮商技術與實務。五南圖書。
邱珍琬（2012）。我的諮商理論取向及型態形成過程－一個自述研究。應用心理研究，56，55-97。
邱秋雲（2003）。網路戀情者個人特質與其網戀經驗之初探（未出版之碩士論文）。國立交通大學，新竹市。
修慧蘭（譯）（2007）。諮商與心理治療理論與實務（原作者：Gerald Corey）。雙葉書廊。
高淑清（2001）。在美華人留學生太太的生活世界：詮釋與反思。本土心理學研究，16，225-285
高淑清（200818）。質性研究的18堂課：首航初探之旅。麗文文化事業。
高淑清、廖昭銘（2004）。父母親職經驗之現象詮釋：以家有青春期子女為例之初探。應用心理研究，24，117-145。
高筱綺（1999）。個人溝通風格、對網路空間的認知及其個人網頁自我呈現之研究─以交通大學學生為例（未出版碩士論文）。國立交通大學，新竹市。
張春興（1987）。心理學概要。東華書局。
張素惠（2006）。義務張老師自我效能與專業認同之研究（未出版之博士論文）。國立暨南大學，南投縣。
張齡方、曾裕玲、楊璧如（2012）。自我揭露在諮商中的功能與限制。輔導季刊，48（4），54-62
許慈雅（2011）。社交網站與組織內人際關係改變之關聯性研究—以Facebook為例（未出版之碩士論文）。國立政治大學，台北市。
許碧香（2020）。社會大眾參與社群網站認知風險之研究。全球管理與經濟，16（1），45-64。
連廷嘉、徐西森（譯）（2006）。諮商與心理治療質性研究（原作者：McLeod, J.）。心理出版社。
陳向明（2002）。社會科學質的研究。五南圖書出版。
陳姿蓓（2010）。請看我表演！探討網路社交平台的自我展演（未出版之碩士論文）。國立臺灣藝術大學，新北市。
陳惠玲（2002）。Goffman劇場理論主要概念的提出。網路社會學通訊期刊，20。https://mail.nhu.edu.tw/~society/e-j/20/20-14.htm
陳惠玲（2002年1月15日）。Goffman劇場理論主要概念的提出。網路社會學通訊期刊，20。http://mail.nhu.edu.tw/~society/e-j/20/20-14.htm
鈕文英（2017）。質性研究方法與論文寫作。雙葉書廊。
黃致慧（2008）。藝術治療師專業認同之研究（未出版之博士論文）。國立高雄師範大學，高雄市。
黃榮華（2010）。Facebook行銷模式研究─以7-Eleven粉絲專頁個案為例（未出版之碩士論文）。國立臺北科技大學，臺北市。
黃禎慧（2011）。諮商心理師專業認同與工作滿意度之探究（未出版之博士論文）。國立政治大學，臺北市。
葉寶玲（2013）。心理諮商所與心理治療所網站經營經驗初探：中部地區兩例個案之訪談分析。輔導季刊，49（3），28-35。
董彥欣（2010）。探討facebook粉絲專頁使用意圖及其對品牌形象、購買意願之影響：以KKBOX為例（未出版之碩士論文）。國立中正大學，嘉義市。
廖思逸（2006）。公開的秘密—從網路日記看網路上的公開與私密（未出版碩士論文）。國立政治大學，臺北市。
管珮君（2013）。專業認同的內涵及其形塑─以跨社工與諮商專業工作者為例。國立嘉義大學，嘉義市。
臺灣網路資訊中心（2019）。2019臺灣網路報告【部落格文字資料】。https://report.twnic.tw/2019/assets/download/TWNIC_TaiwanInternetReport_2019_CH.pdf
臺灣輔導與諮商學會（2002）。台灣輔導與諮商學會諮商專業倫理守則【部落格文字資料】。http://www.guidance.org.tw/ethic_001.html　
趙維孝（2018年2月8日）。粉絲頁末日來臨？全台粉絲頁數據說話，群眾黏著度將更重要（上集）－粉專大健檢，全台粉絲專頁經營概況全面觀測（3）【部落格文字資料】。https://blog.qsearch.cc/2018/02/%e7%b2%89%e7%b5%b2%e9%a0%81%e6%9c%ab%e6%97%a5%e4%be%86%e8%87%a8%ef%bc%9f%e5%85%a8%e5%8f%b0%e7%b2%89%e7%b5%b2%e9%a0%81%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e8%aa%aa%e8%a9%b1%ef%bc%8c%e7%be%a4%e7%9c%be%e9%bb%8f%e8%91%97/
齊力（2003）。質性研究方法概論。載於齊力、林本炫（主編），質性研究方法與資料分析（1-19）。南華大學社會所。
劉惠涓（2006）。部落格做為大學女性學生的另一個自我呈現空間：以南部某科技大學資管系為例（未出版碩士論文）。樹德科技大學，高雄市。
潘淑滿（2003）。質性研究－理論與應用。心理出版社。
蔡家文，姜怡君（2016年4月11日）。人際互動的新場域–社群網站（Social networking sites）【部落格文字資料】。https://scitechvista.nat.gov.tw/c/sZ8T.htm
衛生福利部（2001）。心理師法。臺北市：衛生福利部。
鄧文淵（2017）。超人氣Facebook粉絲專頁行銷加油讚（四版）。碁峰圖書。
鄭心怡（2015）。即時通訊的使用行為對人際關係之影響 -以LINE APP為例（未出版之碩士論文）。樹德科技大學，高雄市。
盧怡任、王智弘（2012）。諮商心理師倫理判斷與倫理行為之調查研究。教育心理學報，43（4），783-803。
謝靜雯（2013）。從媒體中介到社群中介──名人和粉絲透過社群網站的觀展和想像（未出版之碩士論文）。國立政治大學，臺北市。
American Counseling Association (2016). ACA in the news: Definition of professional counseling [Web blog message]. https://www.counseling.org/aca-community/learn-about-counseling/what-is-counseling
American Counseling Association (2020). 20/20 Consensus definition on counseling [Web blog message]. https://www.counseling.org/about-us/about-aca/20-20-a-vision-for-the-future-of-counseling/consensus-definition-of-counseling
Andersen, B., & Anderson, W. (1985). Client perceptions of counselors using positive and negative self-involving statements. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 32, 462-465.
Bak, J., Kim, S., & Oh, A. (2012). Self-disclosure and relationship strength in　Twitter conversations. Proceedings of the 50th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 60-64.
Barnett, J. E. (2011). Psychotherapist self-disclosure: Ethical and clinical considerations. Psychotherapy, 48(4), 315-321.
Barrett, M. S., & Berman, J. S. (2001). Is psychotherapy more effective when therapists disclose information about themselves? Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69(4), 597-603.
Barth, A. L. (2016). Developing a personal guiding theory of counseling: A qualitative exploration. https://commons.lib.niu.edu/handle/10843/18666
Barth, A. L., Rheineck, J. E., & Merino C. (2019). Exploring counselors’ personal guiding theories: A qualitative study in portraiture. The Qualitative Report, 24(6), 1227-1241. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr/vol24/iss6/3
Baumeister, R. F. (1982). A self-presentational view of social phenomena. Psychological Bulletin, 91(1), 3-26.
Behnke, S. (2015, March). Ethics, self-disclosure and our everyday multiple identities. Monitor on Psychology, 46(3).　http://www.apa.org/monitor/2015/03/ethics
Bernard, J. M., & Goodyear, R. K. (2019). Fundamentals of clinical supervision (6th ed.). Pearson.
Bernstein, P. L. (1999). Why the efficient market offers hope to active management. Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 12(2), 129-136.
Beutler, L. E., Machado, P. P. P., & Neufeldt, S. A. (1994). Therapist variables. In A. Bergin & Garfield (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (4th ed.). John Wiley& Sons.
Billow, R. M. (2000). From countertransference to “passion”. The Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 69(1), 93-119.
Boy, A. V., & Pine, G. J. (1983). Counseling: Fundamentals of theoretical renewal. Counseling & Values, 27(4), 248-255.
Boyd, D. M., & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), 210-230.
Brott, P. E. & Myers, J. E. (1999). Development of professional school counselor identity. Professional School Counseling, 2(5), 339-348.
Brown, L. S., & Walker, L. (1990). Feminist therapy perspectives on self-disclosure. In G. Stricker & M. Fisher (Eds.), Self-disclosure in the therapeutic relationship (pp. 135-154). Plenum Press.
Cole, G. W. (2006). Disclosure, HIV, and the dialectic of sameness and difference. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Psychotherapy, 10, 7-25.
Constantine, M. G., Kwan, K-L, K. (2003). Cross cultural considerations of therapist self-disclosure. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 59(5), 581-588.
Corey, G. (2005). Theory & practice of counseling & psychotherapy (7th ed). Brooks/Cole.
Corey, M. S., & Corey, G. (2011). Becoming a helper. Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning.
Cozby, P. C. (1973). Self-disclosure: A literature review. Psychological Bulletin, 79(2), 73-91.
Derlega, V. J., Metts, S., Petronio, S., & Margulis, S. T. (1993). Self-disclosure. Sage Publications, Inc.
Edwards, C. E., & Murdock, N. L. (1994). Characteristics of therapist self-disclosure in the counseling process. Journal of Counseling & Development, 72(4), 384-389.
Fall, K. A., Holden, J. M., & Marquis, A. (2010). Theoretical models of counseling and psychotherapy (2nd ed.). Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
Fall, K. A., Holden, J. M., & Marquis, A. (2017). Theoretical models of counseling and psychotherapy (3rd ed.). Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
Farber, B. A. (2006). Self-disclosure in psychotherapy. Guilford Press.
Farber, B. A., Berano, K. C., & Capobianco, J. A. (2004). Clients` perceptions of the process and consequences of self-disclosure in psychotherapy. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51(3), 340-346.
Frank, J. D., & Frank, J. B. (1991). Persuasion and healing: A comparative study of psychotherapy (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press.
Freud, S. (1958). Recommendations to physicians practicing psychoanalysis. In J. Strachey (Ed.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 12, pp. 109-120). Hogarth Press.
Giannandrea, V., & Murphy K.C. (1973). Similarity self-disclosure and return for a second interview. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 20(6), 545-548
Ginter, E. J. (1996). Three pillars of mental health counseling-watch in what you step. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 18(2), 99-107.
Goffman, E. (1959). The presentation of self in everyday life. Doubleday Anchor.
Goldfried, M. R., & Davison, G. C. (1976). Clinical behavior therapy. Holt, Rinehart, & Winston.
Goldfried, M. R., Burckell, L. A., & Eubanks‐Carter, C. (2003). Therapist self‐disclosure in cognitive‐behavior therapy. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 59(5), 555-568.
Goldstein, E.G. (1994). Self-disclosure in treatment: What therapists do and don’t talk about. Clinical Social Work Journal, 22, 417- 433.
Goldstein, E.G. (1997). To tell or not to tell: The disclosure of events in the therapist`s life to the patient. Clinical Social Work Journal, 25, 41-58.
Halbur, D. A., & Halbur, K. V. (2006). Developing your theoretical orientation in counseling and psychotherapy (2th ed.). Pearson College Div.
Harris, S. M., Dersch, C. A. & Mittal, M. (1999). Look who’s talking: Measuring self-disclosure in MFT. Contemporary Family Therapy, 21, 405-412.
Hendrick, S. S. (1988). A generic measure of relationship satisfaction. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 50(1), 93-98.
Henretty, J. R., Currier, J. M., Berman, J. S., & Levitt, H. M. (2014). The impact of counselor self-disclosure on clients: A meta-analytic review of experimental and quasi-experimental research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 61(2), 191-207.
Hill, C. E., & Knox, S. (2001). Self-disclosure. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 38(4), 413-417.
Hill, C. E., Helms, J. E., Tichenor, V., Spiegel, S. B., O`Grady, K. E., & Perry, E. S. (1988). Effects of therapist response modes in brief psychotherapy. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 35(3), 222-233.
Hill, C. E., Mahalik, J. R., & Thompson, B. J. (1989). Therapist self-disclosure. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 26(3), 290-295.
Hill, C.E., & Knox, S. (2002). Self-disclosure. In J.C. Norcross (Ed.), Psychotherapy relationships that work: Therapist contributions and responsiveness to patients (pp. 255-265). Oxford University Press.
Hoffman, M. A., & Spencer, G. P. (1977). Effect of interviewer self-disclosure and interviewer-subject sex pairing on perceived and actual subject behavior. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 24(5), 383-390.
Hoffman-Graff, M. A. (1977). Interviewer use of positive and negative self-disclosure and interviewer-subject sex pairing. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 24(3), 184-190.
Holiman, M., & Lauver, P. J. (1987). The counselor culture and client centered practice. Counselor Education and Supervision, 26, 184-191.
Hsu, C-W., Wang C-C., & Tai, Y-T. (2011). The closer the relationship, the more the　interaction on facebook? Investigating the case of Taiwan users. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14(7-8), 473-476.
Jenkins, A.H. (1990). Self-disclosure and the nonwhite ethnic minority patient. In G. Stricker & M. Fisher (Eds.), Self-disclosure in the therapeutic relationship (pp. 117-134). Plenum Press.
Johnstone, L., Whomsley, S., Cole, S., & Oliver, N. (2011). Good practice guidelines on the use of psychological formulation. British Psychological Society.
Jones-Smith, E. (2016). Theories of counseling and psychotherapy: An integrative approach (2nd ed.). Sage.
Jourard, S. M. (1971). Self-disclosure: An experimental analysis of the transparent self. John Wiley.
Jourard, S. M., & Jaffe, P. E. (1970). Influence of an interviewer`s disclosure on the self-disclosing behavior of interviewees. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 17(3), 252-257.
Jourard, S. M., & Lasakow, P. (1958). Some factors in self-disclosure. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 56(1), 91-98.
Kaslow, F., Cooper, B., & Linsenberg, M. (1979). Family therapist authenticity as a key factor in outcome. International Journal of Family Therapy, 1(2), 184-199.
Knox, S., & Hill, C. E. (2003). Therapist self‐disclosure: Research‐based suggestions for practitioners. Journal of clinical psychology, 59(5), 529-539.
Knox, S., Hess, S. A., Petersen, D. A., & Hill, C. E. (1997). A qualitative analysis of client perceptions of the effects of helpful therapist self-disclosure in long-term therapy. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 44(3), 274-283.
Kottler, J. A. (2003). On being a therapist. Jossey-Bass.
Lane, R. C., & Hull, J. W. (1990). Self-disclosure and classical psychoanalysis. In G. Stricker & M. Fisher (Eds.), Self-disclosure in the therapeutic relationship (pp. 31-46). Plenum Press.
Lehavot, K. (2009). “MySpace” or yours? The ethical dilemma of graduate students` personal lives on the internet. Ethics & Behavior, 19(2), 129-141.
Loganbill, C., Hardy, E., & Delworth, U. (1982). Supervision: A conceptual map. The Counseling Counselor, 10(3), 3-42.
Mahalik, J. R., Van Ormer, E. A., & Simi, N. L. (2000). Ethical issues in using self-disclosure in feminist therapy. In M. M. Brabeck (Ed.), Practicing feminist ethics in psychology (pp. 189-201). American Psychological Association.
Manago, A. M., Taylor, T., & Greenfield, P. M. (2012). Me and my 400 Friends: The anatomy of college students` facebook networks, their communication patterns, and well-being. Developmental Psychology, 48(2), 369-380.
McCarthy, P. R., & Betz, N. E. (1978). Differential effects of self-disclosing versus self-involving counselor statements. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 25(4), 251-256.
McConnaughy, E. A. (1987). The person of the therapist in psychotherapeutic practice. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 24, 303-314.
Megan Garber (2014, July 2). Instagram was first called `Burbn` [Web blog message]. https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2014/07/instagram-used-to-be-called-brbn/373815/
Murdock, N. L., Banta, J., Stromseth, J., Viene, D., & Brown, T. M. (1998). Joining the club: Factors related to choice of theoretical orientation. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 11, 63-77.
Norcross, J. C, & Prochaska, J. O. (1982). A survey of American clinical counselors: Affiliations and orientations. The Clinical Counselor, 35, 4-6.
Norcross, J. C, & Prochaska, J. O. (1983). A national survey of clinical counselors: Characteristics and activities. The Clinical Counselor, 35(2), 5-8.
Norcross, J. C., & Prochaska, J. O. (1983). Clinicians’ theoretical orientations: Selection, utilization, and efficacy. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 14, 197-208
Omnicore (2020, April 22). Facebook by the numbers: Stats, demographics & fun facts [Web blog message]. https://www.omnicoreagency.com/facebook-statistics/
Pope, K. S., Tabachnick, B. G., & Keith-Spiegel, P. (1987). Ethics of practice: The beliefs and behaviors of counselors as therapists. American Counselor, 42, 993-1006.
Poznanski, J. J., & McLennan, J. (1995). Conceptualizing and measuring counselors’ theoretical orientation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 42, 411-422.
Poznanski, J. L., & McLennan, J. (2003). Becoming a counselor with a particular theoretical orientation to counseling practice. Australian Counselor, 38, 223-226.
Remer, P., Roffey, B. H. & Buckholts, A. (1983). Differential effects of positive versus negative self-involving counseling responses. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 30, 121-125
Reynolds, C. L. & Fischer, C. H. (1983). Personal versus professional evaluations of self-disclosing and self-involving therapists. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 30, 451-454.
Robitschek, C. G., & McCarthy, P. R. (1991). Prevalence of counselor self-reference in the therapeutic dyad. Journal of Counseling & Development, 69(3), 218-221.
Rogers, C.R. (1951). Client-centered therapy. Massachusetts, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
Rønnestad, M. H., & Skovholt, T. M. (2013). The developing practitioner: Growth and stagnation of therapists and counselor [Kindle Edition]. Taylor & Francis.
Rothstein, A. (1997). Introduction to symposium on aspects of self-revelation and disclosure: Analyst to patient. Journal of Clinical Psychoanalysis, 6, 349-361.
Satterly, B. A. (2006). Therapist self-disclosure from a gay male perspective. Families in Society, 87, 240-247.
Schlenker, B. R. (1980). Impression management: The self-concept, social identity, and interpersonal relations. Brooks/Cole.
Schlenker, B. R., & Wowra, S. A. (2003). Carryover effects of feeling socially transparent or impenetrable on strategic self-presentation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 871-880.
Simon, H. A. (1990). Invariants of human behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 41(1), 1-20.
Skovholt, T. M., & Ronnestad, M. H. (1992). The evolving professional self: Stages and themes in therapist and counselor development. Wiley.
Skovholt, T. M., & Ronnestad, M. H. (2003). The hope and promise of career life-span counselor and therapist development. Journal of Career Development, 30(1), 1-3.
Socialbakers (2020). All facebook pages [Web blog message] . https://www.socialbakers.com/statistics/facebook/pages/total
Sproull, L. and Kiesler, S. (1986) Reducing social context cues: Electronic mail in organizational communication. Management Science, 32, 1492-1512.
Stricker, G. (2003). The many faces of self-disclosure. Journal of Clinical Psychology/In Session, 59, 623-630.
Stricker, G., & Fisher, M. (Eds.). (1990). Self-disclosure in the therapeutic relationship. Plenum Press.
Strong, S. R. (1968). Counseling: An interpersonal influence process. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 15, 215-224.
Sue, D.W., & Sue, D. (1999). Counseling the culturally different: Theory and practice (3rd ed.). Wiley.
Tantillo, M. (2004). The therapist`s use of self-disclosure in a relational therapy approach for eating disorders. Eating Disorders, 12(1), 51-73.
Taylor, L., McMinn, M. R., Bufford, R. K., & Chang, K. B. T. (2010). Counselors’ attitudes and ethical concerns regarding the use of social networking web sites. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 41(2), 153-159.
Truax, C. B., & Carkhuff, R. R. (1965). Client and therapist transparency in the psychotherapeutic encounter. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 12(1), 3-9.
Truax, C. B., & Carkhuff, R. R. (1967). Toward effective counseling and psychotherapy. Aldine.
Van Denburg, T. F., & Kiesler, D. J. (1993). Transactional escalation in rigidity and intensity of interpersonal behaviour under stress. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 66(1), 15-31.
Vloet, K. (2006). Career learning and teachers’ professional identity: narratives in dialogue. International Conference on the Dialogical Self, 69-84.
Walther, J. B. (1996). Computer-mediated communication: Impersonal, interpersonal, and hyperpersonal interaction. Communication Research, 23(1), 3-43.
Watkins, C. E. (1990). The effects of counselor self-disclosure: A research review. The Counseling Counselor, 18(3), 477-500.
Watts, R. E. (1993). Developing a personal theory of counseling: A brief guide for students. TCA Journal, 21(1), 103-104.
Wolpe, J. (1984). Behavior therapy according to Lazarus. American Counselor, 39(11), 1326-1327.
Worthington, R. L., & Dillon, F. R. (2003). The theoretical orientation profile scale-revised: A validation study. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 36, 95-105.
Zur, O., Williams, M. H., Lehavot, K., & Knapp, S. (2009). Psychotherapist self-disclosure and transparency in the Internet age. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 40(1), 22-30.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
輔導與諮商碩士學位學程
105172002
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105172002
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 陳婉真zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Chen, Wan-Chenen_US
dc.contributor.author (作者) 鄭芷昀zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (作者) Cheng, Chih-Yunen_US
dc.creator (作者) 鄭芷昀zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Cheng, Chih-Yunen_US
dc.date (日期) 2021en_US
dc.date.accessioned 4-八月-2021 16:30:13 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 4-八月-2021 16:30:13 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 4-八月-2021 16:30:13 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0105172002en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/136701-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 輔導與諮商碩士學位學程zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 105172002zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 　　隨心理師的職業型態演變，許多從業心理師選擇經營自費諮商，心理諮商專業逐漸進入自由競爭的市場，心理師自身遂成為行銷的「品牌」。跟上網路的發達以及社群網站的普及，愈來愈多心理師以專業身分經營公開的社群網站。

　　本研究旨在探討心理師經營社群網站的動機、文章自我揭露的決策與考量、社群網站與諮商工作的形象異同，以及經營社群網站對諮商關係造成的影響。本研究採質性方法，共招募四位經營社群網站之執業心理師為研究對象，進行個別研究訪談，透過主題分析法，對心理師經營社群網站的現場經驗形成歸納結論。研究結果如下：

一、心理師經營社群網站之動機：（一）社群網站行銷個人品牌，可提升知名度。（二）心理師適度公開資訊可增加諮商關係信任度與適配性。

二、社群網站自我揭露之考量與決策：（一）維護諮商當事人隱私，避免撰寫真實案例、明示保密原則。（二）撰寫文章須避免引發投射、對關係引發負面效應的內容。（三）維護心理師個人及親友之隱私。

三、經營社群網站與專業工作之形象：（一）期待呈現兩者一致且專業的形象。（二）兩者呈現的形象仍有差異：（1）兩者表達與互動方式不同導致形象差異、（2）社群網站特性與心理師專業特質有差異、（3）社群網站以心理師為主體，諮商則以當事人為主體。

四、社群網站影響諮商關係互動：（一）文章影響當事人對諮商關係的信任。（二）當事人透過文章理想化心理師與諮商效能。（三）文章促發當事人追問心理師的個人私事。

　　最後，根據研究結果，針對心理師經營社群網站與未來研究提出建議。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 　　Following the evolution of the professional occupation type of counselors, many employed counselors have turned to operate self-pay counseling services. As counselors gradually enter free market, they themselves have become the "brands" in marketing. Keeping up with the development of the Internet and the popularity of social networking sites, more and more counselors are operating social networking sites as professional practitioners.

　　This study aims to explore the counselors’ motivations for managing social networking sites; the decisions and considerations of self-disclosure in the articles; the similarities and differences in personal images between social networking sites and counseling work, and the impact of operating social networking sites on counseling relationships. This study applied qualitative research, a total of four counselors who operate social networking sites were recruited as research participants to conduct individual research interviews. Thematic analysis is adopted to analyze and compile the counselors’ on-site experiences of operating the social networking sites.

　　The results of the study are as follows:
1. Motivation of counselors’ management of social networking sites: (1) Utilizing social networking site to promote personal brand and enhance the reputation. (2) Moderate disclosure of information of counselors increases the trust and suitability in counseling relationships.

2. Considerations and decisions pertain to self-disclosure on social networking sites: (1) Avoid citing real cases and inform the principle of confidentiality to protect clients’ privacy. (2) Avoid content that triggers projection and negative effects on counselor-relationships. (3) Preserve the privacy of counselors per se and their relatives and friends.

3. Counselors’ image in social networking site and counseling work: (1) Expectations of presenting a consistent and professional image in both. (2) Differences still exist in the image presented respectively: (I) The distinctive styles of expressions and interactions lead to different impressions of the image, (II) The characteristics of the social network are different from that of the counselors’ in their profession, (III) Social networking site is counselor-centered whereas counseling is client-centered.

4. Social networking sites affect the counseling relationships and interactions: (1) Counselors’ articles affect the clients’ trust in the counseling relationships. (2) The clients idealize the counselors and counseling efficiency. (3) Counselors’ articles urge the clients to inquire about the matters of counselors` privacy.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章　緒論 1
第一節　研究動機 1
第二節　研究目的 6
第三節　名詞解釋 6

第二章　文獻探討 7
第一節　社群網站發展現況與簡介 7
第二節　心理師的專業角色 15
第三節　心理師的自我揭露 22

第三章　研究方法 43
第一節　研究取向 43
第二節　研究參與者 44
第三節　研究工具 45
第四節　研究程序 48
第五節　資料蒐集與分析 50
第六節　研究信效度 53
第七節　研究倫理 55

第四章　研究結果 57
第一節　經營社群網站之動機 57
第二節　社群網站自我揭露之考量與決策 61
第三節　經營社群網站與專業工作之形象 67
第四節　社群網站影響諮商關係互動 72

第五章　研究討論 77

第六章　研究結論、建議與反思 84
第一節　研究結論 84
第二節　研究建議 86
第三節　研究反思 89

參考文獻 92

附錄 107
附錄一　訪談大綱 107
附錄二　研究參與邀請函 108
附錄三　研究參與同意書 109
附錄四　研究參與者檢核回饋表 110		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 3142544 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105172002en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 心理師zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社群網站zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 自我揭露zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 諮商關係zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Counselorsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Social networking sitesen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Self-disclosureen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Counseling relationshipen_US
dc.title (題名) 心理師經營社群網站之自我揭露經驗探討zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Counselors` experience of self-disclosure on the usage of social networking sitesen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dreamers Corp.（2009年3月17日）。甚麼是Web 2.0？【部落格文字資料】。http://dreamerscorp.com/blog/%E4%BB%80%E9%BA%BC%E6%98%AFweb-20/
中華民國諮商心理師公會全國聯合會（2012）。諮商心理師專業倫理守則。http://gc.ncue.edu.tw/history_report_file/1386160714_2.pdf
王文科、王智弘（2010）。質的研究的信度和效度。彰化師大教育學報，17，29-50。
王秀芬（2011年6月29日）。網路社群媒體發展分析【部落格文字資料】。https://mic.iii.org.tw/AISP/FreeS.aspx?id=2965
王金石、朱翠瑾（2003）。執業心理師專業培養與心理診所專業經營之模式研討。諮商與輔導，215，16-20。
王智弘（2004）。後心理師法時代社區諮商輔導機構發展的重要議題－服務 轉型、倫理建立與媒體運用。九十三年全國生命線年會大會手冊，58- 64。
王智弘（2007）。助人專業如何運用媒體以進行專業行銷。台灣心理諮商通訊，204。http://www.heart.net.tw/204-1.html
王麗容（1980）。我國社會工作員專業認同與專業滿足之研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立臺灣大學，臺北市。
吳禺廷、何英奇（2017）。諮商心理師的行銷之道。諮商與輔導，374，21-26。
吳禺廷、何慧儀（2017）。從社會學行銷觀點談心理諮商的推廣。諮商與輔導， 383，24-29。
吳慎慎（2003）。教師專業認同與終身學習：生命史敘說研究（未出版之博士論文）。國立臺灣師範大學，臺北市。
李玆穎（2012）。「你今天fb了嗎」─ 心理諮商人員使用社群網站之經驗與決策探討（未出版之碩士論文）。國立臺北教育大學，臺北市。
李華璋（2001）。諮商人員專業認同歷程分析研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立彰化師範大學，彰化縣。
周佑芯、蔡忠霖、林婕妤、顏莉穎、陳玉容、吳芝儀（2021）。斜槓心理師專業認同與生涯承諾之探討。諮商與輔導，423，15-18。
林天祐（2002）。認識研究倫理。載於臺北市立師範學院輔導中心，研究論文與報告撰寫手冊 （96-134）。臺北市：臺北市立師範學院輔導中心。
林本炫（2007）不同質性方法的資料分析比較。周平、楊弘任（主編），質性研究方法的眾聲喧嘩。嘉義縣：南華教社所。
林思瑀（2019）。教養專家社群網站內容行銷之研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立政治大學，臺北市。
林美珠，田秀蘭（譯）（2006）。助人技巧 : 探索、洞察與行動的催化（原作者：Clara E. Hill）。學富文化。
林祐輿（2009）。影響部落客自我揭露意圖因素之研究—以台灣地區為例（未出版之碩士論文）。朝陽科技大學：臺中市。
邱珍琬（2007）。諮商技術與實務。五南圖書。
邱珍琬（2012）。我的諮商理論取向及型態形成過程－一個自述研究。應用心理研究，56，55-97。
邱秋雲（2003）。網路戀情者個人特質與其網戀經驗之初探（未出版之碩士論文）。國立交通大學，新竹市。
修慧蘭（譯）（2007）。諮商與心理治療理論與實務（原作者：Gerald Corey）。雙葉書廊。
高淑清（2001）。在美華人留學生太太的生活世界：詮釋與反思。本土心理學研究，16，225-285
高淑清（200818）。質性研究的18堂課：首航初探之旅。麗文文化事業。
高淑清、廖昭銘（2004）。父母親職經驗之現象詮釋：以家有青春期子女為例之初探。應用心理研究，24，117-145。
高筱綺（1999）。個人溝通風格、對網路空間的認知及其個人網頁自我呈現之研究─以交通大學學生為例（未出版碩士論文）。國立交通大學，新竹市。
張春興（1987）。心理學概要。東華書局。
張素惠（2006）。義務張老師自我效能與專業認同之研究（未出版之博士論文）。國立暨南大學，南投縣。
張齡方、曾裕玲、楊璧如（2012）。自我揭露在諮商中的功能與限制。輔導季刊，48（4），54-62
許慈雅（2011）。社交網站與組織內人際關係改變之關聯性研究—以Facebook為例（未出版之碩士論文）。國立政治大學，台北市。
許碧香（2020）。社會大眾參與社群網站認知風險之研究。全球管理與經濟，16（1），45-64。
連廷嘉、徐西森（譯）（2006）。諮商與心理治療質性研究（原作者：McLeod, J.）。心理出版社。
陳向明（2002）。社會科學質的研究。五南圖書出版。
陳姿蓓（2010）。請看我表演！探討網路社交平台的自我展演（未出版之碩士論文）。國立臺灣藝術大學，新北市。
陳惠玲（2002）。Goffman劇場理論主要概念的提出。網路社會學通訊期刊，20。https://mail.nhu.edu.tw/~society/e-j/20/20-14.htm
陳惠玲（2002年1月15日）。Goffman劇場理論主要概念的提出。網路社會學通訊期刊，20。http://mail.nhu.edu.tw/~society/e-j/20/20-14.htm
鈕文英（2017）。質性研究方法與論文寫作。雙葉書廊。
黃致慧（2008）。藝術治療師專業認同之研究（未出版之博士論文）。國立高雄師範大學，高雄市。
黃榮華（2010）。Facebook行銷模式研究─以7-Eleven粉絲專頁個案為例（未出版之碩士論文）。國立臺北科技大學，臺北市。
黃禎慧（2011）。諮商心理師專業認同與工作滿意度之探究（未出版之博士論文）。國立政治大學，臺北市。
葉寶玲（2013）。心理諮商所與心理治療所網站經營經驗初探：中部地區兩例個案之訪談分析。輔導季刊，49（3），28-35。
董彥欣（2010）。探討facebook粉絲專頁使用意圖及其對品牌形象、購買意願之影響：以KKBOX為例（未出版之碩士論文）。國立中正大學，嘉義市。
廖思逸（2006）。公開的秘密—從網路日記看網路上的公開與私密（未出版碩士論文）。國立政治大學，臺北市。
管珮君（2013）。專業認同的內涵及其形塑─以跨社工與諮商專業工作者為例。國立嘉義大學，嘉義市。
臺灣網路資訊中心（2019）。2019臺灣網路報告【部落格文字資料】。https://report.twnic.tw/2019/assets/download/TWNIC_TaiwanInternetReport_2019_CH.pdf
臺灣輔導與諮商學會（2002）。台灣輔導與諮商學會諮商專業倫理守則【部落格文字資料】。http://www.guidance.org.tw/ethic_001.html　
趙維孝（2018年2月8日）。粉絲頁末日來臨？全台粉絲頁數據說話，群眾黏著度將更重要（上集）－粉專大健檢，全台粉絲專頁經營概況全面觀測（3）【部落格文字資料】。https://blog.qsearch.cc/2018/02/%e7%b2%89%e7%b5%b2%e9%a0%81%e6%9c%ab%e6%97%a5%e4%be%86%e8%87%a8%ef%bc%9f%e5%85%a8%e5%8f%b0%e7%b2%89%e7%b5%b2%e9%a0%81%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e8%aa%aa%e8%a9%b1%ef%bc%8c%e7%be%a4%e7%9c%be%e9%bb%8f%e8%91%97/
齊力（2003）。質性研究方法概論。載於齊力、林本炫（主編），質性研究方法與資料分析（1-19）。南華大學社會所。
劉惠涓（2006）。部落格做為大學女性學生的另一個自我呈現空間：以南部某科技大學資管系為例（未出版碩士論文）。樹德科技大學，高雄市。
潘淑滿（2003）。質性研究－理論與應用。心理出版社。
蔡家文，姜怡君（2016年4月11日）。人際互動的新場域–社群網站（Social networking sites）【部落格文字資料】。https://scitechvista.nat.gov.tw/c/sZ8T.htm
衛生福利部（2001）。心理師法。臺北市：衛生福利部。
鄧文淵（2017）。超人氣Facebook粉絲專頁行銷加油讚（四版）。碁峰圖書。
鄭心怡（2015）。即時通訊的使用行為對人際關係之影響 -以LINE APP為例（未出版之碩士論文）。樹德科技大學，高雄市。
盧怡任、王智弘（2012）。諮商心理師倫理判斷與倫理行為之調查研究。教育心理學報，43（4），783-803。
謝靜雯（2013）。從媒體中介到社群中介──名人和粉絲透過社群網站的觀展和想像（未出版之碩士論文）。國立政治大學，臺北市。
American Counseling Association (2016). ACA in the news: Definition of professional counseling [Web blog message]. https://www.counseling.org/aca-community/learn-about-counseling/what-is-counseling
American Counseling Association (2020). 20/20 Consensus definition on counseling [Web blog message]. https://www.counseling.org/about-us/about-aca/20-20-a-vision-for-the-future-of-counseling/consensus-definition-of-counseling
Andersen, B., & Anderson, W. (1985). Client perceptions of counselors using positive and negative self-involving statements. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 32, 462-465.
Bak, J., Kim, S., & Oh, A. (2012). Self-disclosure and relationship strength in　Twitter conversations. Proceedings of the 50th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 60-64.
Barnett, J. E. (2011). Psychotherapist self-disclosure: Ethical and clinical considerations. Psychotherapy, 48(4), 315-321.
Barrett, M. S., & Berman, J. S. (2001). Is psychotherapy more effective when therapists disclose information about themselves? Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69(4), 597-603.
Barth, A. L. (2016). Developing a personal guiding theory of counseling: A qualitative exploration. https://commons.lib.niu.edu/handle/10843/18666
Barth, A. L., Rheineck, J. E., & Merino C. (2019). Exploring counselors’ personal guiding theories: A qualitative study in portraiture. The Qualitative Report, 24(6), 1227-1241. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr/vol24/iss6/3
Baumeister, R. F. (1982). A self-presentational view of social phenomena. Psychological Bulletin, 91(1), 3-26.
Behnke, S. (2015, March). Ethics, self-disclosure and our everyday multiple identities. Monitor on Psychology, 46(3).　http://www.apa.org/monitor/2015/03/ethics
Bernard, J. M., & Goodyear, R. K. (2019). Fundamentals of clinical supervision (6th ed.). Pearson.
Bernstein, P. L. (1999). Why the efficient market offers hope to active management. Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 12(2), 129-136.
Beutler, L. E., Machado, P. P. P., & Neufeldt, S. A. (1994). Therapist variables. In A. Bergin & Garfield (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (4th ed.). John Wiley& Sons.
Billow, R. M. (2000). From countertransference to “passion”. The Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 69(1), 93-119.
Boy, A. V., & Pine, G. J. (1983). Counseling: Fundamentals of theoretical renewal. Counseling & Values, 27(4), 248-255.
Boyd, D. M., & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), 210-230.
Brott, P. E. & Myers, J. E. (1999). Development of professional school counselor identity. Professional School Counseling, 2(5), 339-348.
Brown, L. S., & Walker, L. (1990). Feminist therapy perspectives on self-disclosure. In G. Stricker & M. Fisher (Eds.), Self-disclosure in the therapeutic relationship (pp. 135-154). Plenum Press.
Cole, G. W. (2006). Disclosure, HIV, and the dialectic of sameness and difference. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Psychotherapy, 10, 7-25.
Constantine, M. G., Kwan, K-L, K. (2003). Cross cultural considerations of therapist self-disclosure. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 59(5), 581-588.
Corey, G. (2005). Theory & practice of counseling & psychotherapy (7th ed). Brooks/Cole.
Corey, M. S., & Corey, G. (2011). Becoming a helper. Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning.
Cozby, P. C. (1973). Self-disclosure: A literature review. Psychological Bulletin, 79(2), 73-91.
Derlega, V. J., Metts, S., Petronio, S., & Margulis, S. T. (1993). Self-disclosure. Sage Publications, Inc.
Edwards, C. E., & Murdock, N. L. (1994). Characteristics of therapist self-disclosure in the counseling process. Journal of Counseling & Development, 72(4), 384-389.
Fall, K. A., Holden, J. M., & Marquis, A. (2010). Theoretical models of counseling and psychotherapy (2nd ed.). Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
Fall, K. A., Holden, J. M., & Marquis, A. (2017). Theoretical models of counseling and psychotherapy (3rd ed.). Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
Farber, B. A. (2006). Self-disclosure in psychotherapy. Guilford Press.
Farber, B. A., Berano, K. C., & Capobianco, J. A. (2004). Clients` perceptions of the process and consequences of self-disclosure in psychotherapy. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51(3), 340-346.
Frank, J. D., & Frank, J. B. (1991). Persuasion and healing: A comparative study of psychotherapy (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press.
Freud, S. (1958). Recommendations to physicians practicing psychoanalysis. In J. Strachey (Ed.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 12, pp. 109-120). Hogarth Press.
Giannandrea, V., & Murphy K.C. (1973). Similarity self-disclosure and return for a second interview. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 20(6), 545-548
Ginter, E. J. (1996). Three pillars of mental health counseling-watch in what you step. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 18(2), 99-107.
Goffman, E. (1959). The presentation of self in everyday life. Doubleday Anchor.
Goldfried, M. R., & Davison, G. C. (1976). Clinical behavior therapy. Holt, Rinehart, & Winston.
Goldfried, M. R., Burckell, L. A., & Eubanks‐Carter, C. (2003). Therapist self‐disclosure in cognitive‐behavior therapy. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 59(5), 555-568.
Goldstein, E.G. (1994). Self-disclosure in treatment: What therapists do and don’t talk about. Clinical Social Work Journal, 22, 417- 433.
Goldstein, E.G. (1997). To tell or not to tell: The disclosure of events in the therapist`s life to the patient. Clinical Social Work Journal, 25, 41-58.
Halbur, D. A., & Halbur, K. V. (2006). Developing your theoretical orientation in counseling and psychotherapy (2th ed.). Pearson College Div.
Harris, S. M., Dersch, C. A. & Mittal, M. (1999). Look who’s talking: Measuring self-disclosure in MFT. Contemporary Family Therapy, 21, 405-412.
Hendrick, S. S. (1988). A generic measure of relationship satisfaction. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 50(1), 93-98.
Henretty, J. R., Currier, J. M., Berman, J. S., & Levitt, H. M. (2014). The impact of counselor self-disclosure on clients: A meta-analytic review of experimental and quasi-experimental research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 61(2), 191-207.
Hill, C. E., & Knox, S. (2001). Self-disclosure. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 38(4), 413-417.
Hill, C. E., Helms, J. E., Tichenor, V., Spiegel, S. B., O`Grady, K. E., & Perry, E. S. (1988). Effects of therapist response modes in brief psychotherapy. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 35(3), 222-233.
Hill, C. E., Mahalik, J. R., & Thompson, B. J. (1989). Therapist self-disclosure. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 26(3), 290-295.
Hill, C.E., & Knox, S. (2002). Self-disclosure. In J.C. Norcross (Ed.), Psychotherapy relationships that work: Therapist contributions and responsiveness to patients (pp. 255-265). Oxford University Press.
Hoffman, M. A., & Spencer, G. P. (1977). Effect of interviewer self-disclosure and interviewer-subject sex pairing on perceived and actual subject behavior. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 24(5), 383-390.
Hoffman-Graff, M. A. (1977). Interviewer use of positive and negative self-disclosure and interviewer-subject sex pairing. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 24(3), 184-190.
Holiman, M., & Lauver, P. J. (1987). The counselor culture and client centered practice. Counselor Education and Supervision, 26, 184-191.
Hsu, C-W., Wang C-C., & Tai, Y-T. (2011). The closer the relationship, the more the　interaction on facebook? Investigating the case of Taiwan users. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14(7-8), 473-476.
Jenkins, A.H. (1990). Self-disclosure and the nonwhite ethnic minority patient. In G. Stricker & M. Fisher (Eds.), Self-disclosure in the therapeutic relationship (pp. 117-134). Plenum Press.
Johnstone, L., Whomsley, S., Cole, S., & Oliver, N. (2011). Good practice guidelines on the use of psychological formulation. British Psychological Society.
Jones-Smith, E. (2016). Theories of counseling and psychotherapy: An integrative approach (2nd ed.). Sage.
Jourard, S. M. (1971). Self-disclosure: An experimental analysis of the transparent self. John Wiley.
Jourard, S. M., & Jaffe, P. E. (1970). Influence of an interviewer`s disclosure on the self-disclosing behavior of interviewees. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 17(3), 252-257.
Jourard, S. M., & Lasakow, P. (1958). Some factors in self-disclosure. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 56(1), 91-98.
Kaslow, F., Cooper, B., & Linsenberg, M. (1979). Family therapist authenticity as a key factor in outcome. International Journal of Family Therapy, 1(2), 184-199.
Knox, S., & Hill, C. E. (2003). Therapist self‐disclosure: Research‐based suggestions for practitioners. Journal of clinical psychology, 59(5), 529-539.
Knox, S., Hess, S. A., Petersen, D. A., & Hill, C. E. (1997). A qualitative analysis of client perceptions of the effects of helpful therapist self-disclosure in long-term therapy. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 44(3), 274-283.
Kottler, J. A. (2003). On being a therapist. Jossey-Bass.
Lane, R. C., & Hull, J. W. (1990). Self-disclosure and classical psychoanalysis. In G. Stricker & M. Fisher (Eds.), Self-disclosure in the therapeutic relationship (pp. 31-46). Plenum Press.
Lehavot, K. (2009). “MySpace” or yours? The ethical dilemma of graduate students` personal lives on the internet. Ethics & Behavior, 19(2), 129-141.
Loganbill, C., Hardy, E., & Delworth, U. (1982). Supervision: A conceptual map. The Counseling Counselor, 10(3), 3-42.
Mahalik, J. R., Van Ormer, E. A., & Simi, N. L. (2000). Ethical issues in using self-disclosure in feminist therapy. In M. M. Brabeck (Ed.), Practicing feminist ethics in psychology (pp. 189-201). American Psychological Association.
Manago, A. M., Taylor, T., & Greenfield, P. M. (2012). Me and my 400 Friends: The anatomy of college students` facebook networks, their communication patterns, and well-being. Developmental Psychology, 48(2), 369-380.
McCarthy, P. R., & Betz, N. E. (1978). Differential effects of self-disclosing versus self-involving counselor statements. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 25(4), 251-256.
McConnaughy, E. A. (1987). The person of the therapist in psychotherapeutic practice. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 24, 303-314.
Megan Garber (2014, July 2). Instagram was first called `Burbn` [Web blog message]. https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2014/07/instagram-used-to-be-called-brbn/373815/
Murdock, N. L., Banta, J., Stromseth, J., Viene, D., & Brown, T. M. (1998). Joining the club: Factors related to choice of theoretical orientation. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 11, 63-77.
Norcross, J. C, & Prochaska, J. O. (1982). A survey of American clinical counselors: Affiliations and orientations. The Clinical Counselor, 35, 4-6.
Norcross, J. C, & Prochaska, J. O. (1983). A national survey of clinical counselors: Characteristics and activities. The Clinical Counselor, 35(2), 5-8.
Norcross, J. C., & Prochaska, J. O. (1983). Clinicians’ theoretical orientations: Selection, utilization, and efficacy. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 14, 197-208
Omnicore (2020, April 22). Facebook by the numbers: Stats, demographics & fun facts [Web blog message]. https://www.omnicoreagency.com/facebook-statistics/
Pope, K. S., Tabachnick, B. G., & Keith-Spiegel, P. (1987). Ethics of practice: The beliefs and behaviors of counselors as therapists. American Counselor, 42, 993-1006.
Poznanski, J. J., & McLennan, J. (1995). Conceptualizing and measuring counselors’ theoretical orientation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 42, 411-422.
Poznanski, J. L., & McLennan, J. (2003). Becoming a counselor with a particular theoretical orientation to counseling practice. Australian Counselor, 38, 223-226.
Remer, P., Roffey, B. H. & Buckholts, A. (1983). Differential effects of positive versus negative self-involving counseling responses. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 30, 121-125
Reynolds, C. L. & Fischer, C. H. (1983). Personal versus professional evaluations of self-disclosing and self-involving therapists. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 30, 451-454.
Robitschek, C. G., & McCarthy, P. R. (1991). Prevalence of counselor self-reference in the therapeutic dyad. Journal of Counseling & Development, 69(3), 218-221.
Rogers, C.R. (1951). Client-centered therapy. Massachusetts, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
Rønnestad, M. H., & Skovholt, T. M. (2013). The developing practitioner: Growth and stagnation of therapists and counselor [Kindle Edition]. Taylor & Francis.
Rothstein, A. (1997). Introduction to symposium on aspects of self-revelation and disclosure: Analyst to patient. Journal of Clinical Psychoanalysis, 6, 349-361.
Satterly, B. A. (2006). Therapist self-disclosure from a gay male perspective. Families in Society, 87, 240-247.
Schlenker, B. R. (1980). Impression management: The self-concept, social identity, and interpersonal relations. Brooks/Cole.
Schlenker, B. R., & Wowra, S. A. (2003). Carryover effects of feeling socially transparent or impenetrable on strategic self-presentation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 871-880.
Simon, H. A. (1990). Invariants of human behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 41(1), 1-20.
Skovholt, T. M., & Ronnestad, M. H. (1992). The evolving professional self: Stages and themes in therapist and counselor development. Wiley.
Skovholt, T. M., & Ronnestad, M. H. (2003). The hope and promise of career life-span counselor and therapist development. Journal of Career Development, 30(1), 1-3.
Socialbakers (2020). All facebook pages [Web blog message] . https://www.socialbakers.com/statistics/facebook/pages/total
Sproull, L. and Kiesler, S. (1986) Reducing social context cues: Electronic mail in organizational communication. Management Science, 32, 1492-1512.
Stricker, G. (2003). The many faces of self-disclosure. Journal of Clinical Psychology/In Session, 59, 623-630.
Stricker, G., & Fisher, M. (Eds.). (1990). Self-disclosure in the therapeutic relationship. Plenum Press.
Strong, S. R. (1968). Counseling: An interpersonal influence process. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 15, 215-224.
Sue, D.W., & Sue, D. (1999). Counseling the culturally different: Theory and practice (3rd ed.). Wiley.
Tantillo, M. (2004). The therapist`s use of self-disclosure in a relational therapy approach for eating disorders. Eating Disorders, 12(1), 51-73.
Taylor, L., McMinn, M. R., Bufford, R. K., & Chang, K. B. T. (2010). Counselors’ attitudes and ethical concerns regarding the use of social networking web sites. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 41(2), 153-159.
Truax, C. B., & Carkhuff, R. R. (1965). Client and therapist transparency in the psychotherapeutic encounter. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 12(1), 3-9.
Truax, C. B., & Carkhuff, R. R. (1967). Toward effective counseling and psychotherapy. Aldine.
Van Denburg, T. F., & Kiesler, D. J. (1993). Transactional escalation in rigidity and intensity of interpersonal behaviour under stress. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 66(1), 15-31.
Vloet, K. (2006). Career learning and teachers’ professional identity: narratives in dialogue. International Conference on the Dialogical Self, 69-84.
Walther, J. B. (1996). Computer-mediated communication: Impersonal, interpersonal, and hyperpersonal interaction. Communication Research, 23(1), 3-43.
Watkins, C. E. (1990). The effects of counselor self-disclosure: A research review. The Counseling Counselor, 18(3), 477-500.
Watts, R. E. (1993). Developing a personal theory of counseling: A brief guide for students. TCA Journal, 21(1), 103-104.
Wolpe, J. (1984). Behavior therapy according to Lazarus. American Counselor, 39(11), 1326-1327.
Worthington, R. L., & Dillon, F. R. (2003). The theoretical orientation profile scale-revised: A validation study. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 36, 95-105.
Zur, O., Williams, M. H., Lehavot, K., & Knapp, S. (2009). Psychotherapist self-disclosure and transparency in the Internet age. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 40(1), 22-30.		zh_TW
dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/NCCU202100647en_US