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題名 千禧世代採用理財科技APP之意圖研究 論財務自我效能及主觀知識的影響
How do millennials adopt to use WealthTech mobile apps? The role of financial self-efficacy and subjective knowledge作者 江育恆
Chiang, Yu-Heng貢獻者 朴星俊<br>胡昌亞
Park, Sung-Jun<br>Hu, Chang-Ya
江育恆
Chiang, Yu-Heng關鍵詞 理財科技APP
金融理財素養
主觀知識
財務自我效能
千禧世代
WealthTech mobile apps
Financial literacy
Subjective knowledge
Financial self-efficacy
Millennials日期 2021 上傳時間 2-九月-2021 18:22:32 (UTC+8) 摘要 Covid-19 疫情加速了所有仰賴實體服務客戶產業的數位化進程，金融服務業也不例外。其中，財富管理產品向來是金融業很重要的獲利來源之一，隨著開放銀行(open banking)以及應用程式介面(application programming interface)等議題興起，成為各家金融服務提供者下一個創新策略的發展方向，因此研究使用者為何採用財富管理 APP 就顯得重要。隨著千禧世代成為財富管理 APP 的潛力的高價值客群，人們或許會疑惑千禧世代是否具備足夠的金融理財素養來使用投資理財APP。因此，本研究試圖分析千禧世代的金融知識對於財富管理APP 採用行為的影響，以及什麼因素可以強化金融理財素養。
Covid-19 pandemic accelerated digital transformation in any industry, relying on physical interaction with customers, especially financial services. For the financial services industry, wealth management contributes a significant portion of revenue. As open banking and banking API (application programming interface) recently have become key drivers in innovation strategy for financial service providers, it is important to examine the factors that affect WealthTech app adoption. Furthermore, since millennials became a group of high-value potential adopters, marketers might wonder whether they are equipped with sufficient financial literacy to adopt and use such investment mobile apps. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the effect of financial literacy (or knowledge) on WealthTech app adoption within the millennial generation.參考文獻 Ahn, T., Ryu, S., & Han, I. (2007). The impact of Web quality and playfulness on user acceptance of online retailing. Information and Management, 44(3), 263-275.Alba, J. W., & Hutchinson, J. W. (1987). Dimensions of consumer expertise. Journal of Consumer Research, 13, 411−454.Alba, J. W., & Hutchinson, J. W. (2000). Knowledge calibration: What consumers know and what they think they know. Journal of Consumer Research, 27(2), 123-156.Anderson, R. D., Engledow, J. L., & Becker, H. (1979). Evaluating the relationships among attitude toward business, product satisfaction, experience, and search effort. Journal of Marketing Research, 16(3), 394-400.Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191.Bandura, A. (1982). Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologist, 37(2), 122-147.Bandura, A. (2006). Guide for constructing self-efficacy scales. In T. Urdan & F. Pajares (Eds.). Self-efficacy beliefs of adolescents (pp. 307-337). Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.Bettman, J. R., & Park, C. W. (1980). Effects of prior knowledge and experience and phase of the choice process on consumer decision processes: A protocol analysis. Journal of Consumer Research, 7(3), 234-248.Brucks, M. (1985). The effects of product class knowledge on information search behavior. Journal of Consumer Research, 12(1), 1-16.Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance, World Bank and World Economic Forum (2020) The Global Covid-19 FinTech Market Rapid Assessment Report, University of Cambridge, World Bank Group, and the World Economic Forum.Carlson, J. P., Vincent, L. H., Hardesty, D. M., & Bearden, W. O. (2009). Objective and subjective knowledge relationships: A quantitative analysis of consumer research findings. Journal of Consumer Research, 35(5), 864-876.Cheng, Marguerita (2019, February 19). The Future of Wealthtech. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/Chishti, S., & Puschmann, T. (2018). The WealthTech Book: The FinTech Handbook for Investors, Entrepreneurs and Finance Visionaries.Chuttur, M. Y. (2009). Overview of the technology acceptance model: Origins, developments and future directions. Working Papers on Information Systems, 9(37), 9-37.Dimock, M. (2019). Defining generations: Where Millennials end and Generation Z begins. Pew Research Center, 17(1), 1-7.Drèze, X., & Nunes, J. C. (2011). Recurring goals and learning: The impact of successful reward attainment on purchase behavior. Journal of Marketing Research, 48(2), 268-281.Ellen, P. S., Bearden, W. O., & Sharma, S. (1991). Resistance to technological innovations: an examination of the role of self-efficacy and performance satisfaction. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 19(4), 297-307.Farrell, L., Fry, T. R., & Risse, L. (2016). The significance of financial self-efficacy in explaining women’s personal finance behaviour. Journal of Economic Psychology, 54, 85-99.Grace, C., & Sarta, A. (2020). Next-Generation Financial Advice: Reimagining Wealth Management in the Age of Technology. The Technological Revolution in Financial Services: How Banks, FinTechs, and Customers Win Together, 300.Hadar, L., Sood, S., & Fox, C. R. (2013). Subjective knowledge in consumer financial decisions. Journal of Marketing Research, 50(3), 303-316.Hayes, A. F. (2017). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford publications.Hershatter, A., & Epstein, M. (2010). Millennials and the world of work: An organization and management perspective. Journal of business and psychology, 25(2), 211-223.Hochstein, B., Bolander, W., Christenson, B., Pratt, A. B., & Reynolds, K. (2021). An Investigation of Consumer Subjective Knowledge in Frontline Interactions. Journal of Retailing, in-press.Huston, S. J. (2010). Measuring financial literacy. Journal of consumer affairs, 44(2), 296-316.Kiel, G. C., & Layton, R. A. (1981). Dimensions of consumer information seeking behavior. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(2), 233-239.Koya, K., Matrix Consultants, Venture, & Jones, D. (2021, January). A Path of Roses and Financial Literacy: Exploring the Usability of UK`s Digital Banking Services to Improve Younger Adult Adoption. In 2021 3rd Asia Pacific Information Technology Conference (pp. 18-25).Lee, Nathaniel (2021, April 12). Why robo-advisors are striving toward a ‘hybrid model,’ as the industry passes the $460 billion mark. Consumer News and Business Channel. Retrieved from https://www.cnbc.com/world/Lee, Y., Kozar, K. A., & Larsen, K. R. (2003). The technology acceptance model: Past, present, and future. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 12(1), 50, 752-780.Lown, J. M. (2011). Development and validation of a financial self-efficacy scale. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 22(2), 54.Mahajan, V., & Muller, E. (1979). Innovation diffusion and new product growth models in marketing. Journal of Marketing, 43(4), 55-68.Malhotra, V. (2014). Transforming wealth management through technology.Malik, A., Suresh, S., & Sharma, S. (2017). Factors influencing consumers’ attitude towards adoption and continuous use of mobile applications: a conceptual model. Procedia Computer Science, 122, 106-113.Marangunić, N., & Granić, A. (2015). Technology acceptance model: a literature review from 1986 to 2013. Universal Access in the Information Society, 14(1), 81-95.Maxfield, John (2017, October 20). Why Wealth Management Is Such Good Business for Banks. Retrieved from https://www.fool.com/Meuter, M. L., Bitner, M. J., Ostrom, A. L., & Brown, S. W. (2005). Choosing among alternative service delivery modes: An investigation of customer trial of self-service technologies. Journal of Marketing, 69(2), 61-83.Mindra, R., & Moya, M. (2017). Financial self-efficacy: a mediator in advancing financial inclusion. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal.Moorman, C., Diehl, K., Brinberg, D., & Kidwell, B. (2004). Subjective knowledge, search locations, and consumer choice. Journal of Consumer Research, 31(3), 673-680.Park, J. K., & John, D. R. (2014). I think I can, I think I can: Brand use, self-efficacy, and performance. Journal of Marketing Research, 51(2), 233-247.Pentina, I., Zhang, L., Bata, H., & Chen, Y. (2016). Exploring privacy paradox in information-sensitive mobile app adoption: A cross-cultural comparison. Computers in Human Behavior, 65, 409-419.Phoon, K., & Koh, F. (2017). Robo-advisors and wealth management. The Journal of Alternative Investments, 20(3), 79-94Puschmann, T. (2017). Fintech. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 59(1), 69-76.Raju, P. S., Lonial, S. C., & Mangold, W. G. (1995). Differential effects of subjective knowledge, objective knowledge, and usage experience on decision making: An exploratory investigation. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 4(2), 153-180.China bans financial, payment institutions from cryptocurrency business. (2021, May 18). Reuters, Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/Rogers, Everett M. (1995), Diffusion of Innovations, 4th ed. New York: The Free Press.Romero, M., & Craig, A. W. (2017). Costly curves: How human-like shapes can increase spending. Journal of Consumer Research, 44(1), 80-98.Rothwell, D. W., Khan, M. N., & Cherney, K. (2016). Building financial knowledge is not enough: Financial self-efficacy as a mediator in the financial capability of low-income families. Journal of Community Practice, 24(4), 368-388.Satran, Richard (2021, January 15). U.S. regulator`s approval of stablecoin payments provides regulatory building block, compliance challenge. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M. (1995). Generalized self-efficacy scale. Measures in health psychology: A user’s portfolio. Causal and Control Beliefs, 1(1), 35-37.Seltzer, L. F. (1983). Influencing the" shape" of resistance: An experimental exploration of paradoxical directives and psychological reactance. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 4(1), 47-71.Stein, J. (2013). Millennials: The me me me generation. Time Magazine, 20, 1-8.Sujan, M. (1985). Consumer knowledge: Effects on evaluation strategies mediating consumer judgments. Journal of Consumer Research, 12(1), 31-46.Tammas-Hastings, D. (2017). ‘WealthTech’: The challenges facing the wealth management industry. LSE Business Review.Traff, J. D. (2016). The future of the wealth management industry: evolution or revolution? (Doctoral dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, U.S.A.)Whan, P. C., Mothersbaugh, D. L., & Feick, L. (1994). Consumer knowledge assessment. Journal of Consumer Research, 21(1), 71-82.Wood, R., & Bandura, A. (1989). Social cognitive theory of organizational management. Academy of Management Review, 14(3), 361-384.Xu, R., Frey, R. M., Fleisch, E., & Ilic, A. (2016). Understanding the impact of personality traits on mobile app adoption–Insights from a large-scale field study. Computers in Human Behavior, 62, 244-256.Yim, C. K., Kimmy W. C., & Simon, SK L. (2012). Do customers and employees enjoy service participation? Synergistic effects of self-and other-efficacy. Journal of Marketing, 76(6), 121-140.Yoshino, N., Morgan, P. J., & Long, T. Q. (2020). Financial Literacy and Fintech Adoption in Japan, Asian Development Bank Institute, Working Paper No.1095.Zhang, T., Lu, C., & Kizildag, M. (2018). Banking “on-the-go”: examining consumers’ adoption of mobile banking services. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 10(3), 279-295. 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程)
109363048資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109363048 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 朴星俊<br>胡昌亞 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Park, Sung-Jun<br>Hu, Chang-Ya en_US dc.contributor.author (作者) 江育恆 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) Chiang, Yu-Heng en_US dc.creator (作者) 江育恆 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Chiang, Yu-Heng en_US dc.date (日期) 2021 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-九月-2021 18:22:32 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-九月-2021 18:22:32 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-九月-2021 18:22:32 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0109363048 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/137190 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 109363048 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Covid-19 疫情加速了所有仰賴實體服務客戶產業的數位化進程，金融服務業也不例外。其中，財富管理產品向來是金融業很重要的獲利來源之一，隨著開放銀行(open banking)以及應用程式介面(application programming interface)等議題興起，成為各家金融服務提供者下一個創新策略的發展方向，因此研究使用者為何採用財富管理 APP 就顯得重要。隨著千禧世代成為財富管理 APP 的潛力的高價值客群，人們或許會疑惑千禧世代是否具備足夠的金融理財素養來使用投資理財APP。因此，本研究試圖分析千禧世代的金融知識對於財富管理APP 採用行為的影響，以及什麼因素可以強化金融理財素養。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Covid-19 pandemic accelerated digital transformation in any industry, relying on physical interaction with customers, especially financial services. For the financial services industry, wealth management contributes a significant portion of revenue. As open banking and banking API (application programming interface) recently have become key drivers in innovation strategy for financial service providers, it is important to examine the factors that affect WealthTech app adoption. Furthermore, since millennials became a group of high-value potential adopters, marketers might wonder whether they are equipped with sufficient financial literacy to adopt and use such investment mobile apps. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the effect of financial literacy (or knowledge) on WealthTech app adoption within the millennial generation. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents Abstract iTable of Contents iiiList of Tables ivList of Figures vChapter 1 - Introduction 1Chapter 2 – Literature Review 32.1 Consumer Knowledge 32.2 Self-efficacy 52.3 Adoption of Wealth Management Mobile Apps 72.4 Millennials and WealthTech 9Chapter 3 – Hypotheses 113.1 Influence of Subjective Knowledge on WealthTech App adoption 113.2 Self-efficacy’s Mediation Effect on WealthTech App adoption 12Chapter 4 – Methods 144.1. Sampling and participants 144.2. Measurement 14Chapter 5 - Results 165.1 Descriptive Statistics 165.2 Measurement Model 185.3 Regression model 20Chapter 6 – General Discussion 246.1 Theoretical Implications 256.2. Managerial Implications 266.3. Limitations and Future Research 27References 29Appendix 34 zh_TW dc.format.extent 826035 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109363048 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 理財科技APP zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 金融理財素養 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 主觀知識 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 財務自我效能 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 千禧世代 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) WealthTech mobile apps en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Financial literacy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Subjective knowledge en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Financial self-efficacy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Millennials en_US dc.title (題名) 千禧世代採用理財科技APP之意圖研究 論財務自我效能及主觀知識的影響 zh_TW dc.title (題名) How do millennials adopt to use WealthTech mobile apps? The role of financial self-efficacy and subjective knowledge en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ahn, T., Ryu, S., & Han, I. (2007). The impact of Web quality and playfulness on user acceptance of online retailing. Information and Management, 44(3), 263-275.Alba, J. W., & Hutchinson, J. W. (1987). Dimensions of consumer expertise. Journal of Consumer Research, 13, 411−454.Alba, J. W., & Hutchinson, J. W. (2000). Knowledge calibration: What consumers know and what they think they know. Journal of Consumer Research, 27(2), 123-156.Anderson, R. D., Engledow, J. L., & Becker, H. (1979). Evaluating the relationships among attitude toward business, product satisfaction, experience, and search effort. Journal of Marketing Research, 16(3), 394-400.Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191.Bandura, A. (1982). Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologist, 37(2), 122-147.Bandura, A. (2006). Guide for constructing self-efficacy scales. In T. Urdan & F. Pajares (Eds.). Self-efficacy beliefs of adolescents (pp. 307-337). Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.Bettman, J. R., & Park, C. W. (1980). Effects of prior knowledge and experience and phase of the choice process on consumer decision processes: A protocol analysis. Journal of Consumer Research, 7(3), 234-248.Brucks, M. (1985). The effects of product class knowledge on information search behavior. Journal of Consumer Research, 12(1), 1-16.Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance, World Bank and World Economic Forum (2020) The Global Covid-19 FinTech Market Rapid Assessment Report, University of Cambridge, World Bank Group, and the World Economic Forum.Carlson, J. P., Vincent, L. H., Hardesty, D. M., & Bearden, W. O. (2009). Objective and subjective knowledge relationships: A quantitative analysis of consumer research findings. Journal of Consumer Research, 35(5), 864-876.Cheng, Marguerita (2019, February 19). The Future of Wealthtech. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/Chishti, S., & Puschmann, T. (2018). The WealthTech Book: The FinTech Handbook for Investors, Entrepreneurs and Finance Visionaries.Chuttur, M. Y. (2009). Overview of the technology acceptance model: Origins, developments and future directions. Working Papers on Information Systems, 9(37), 9-37.Dimock, M. (2019). Defining generations: Where Millennials end and Generation Z begins. Pew Research Center, 17(1), 1-7.Drèze, X., & Nunes, J. C. (2011). Recurring goals and learning: The impact of successful reward attainment on purchase behavior. Journal of Marketing Research, 48(2), 268-281.Ellen, P. S., Bearden, W. O., & Sharma, S. (1991). Resistance to technological innovations: an examination of the role of self-efficacy and performance satisfaction. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 19(4), 297-307.Farrell, L., Fry, T. R., & Risse, L. (2016). The significance of financial self-efficacy in explaining women’s personal finance behaviour. Journal of Economic Psychology, 54, 85-99.Grace, C., & Sarta, A. (2020). Next-Generation Financial Advice: Reimagining Wealth Management in the Age of Technology. The Technological Revolution in Financial Services: How Banks, FinTechs, and Customers Win Together, 300.Hadar, L., Sood, S., & Fox, C. R. (2013). Subjective knowledge in consumer financial decisions. Journal of Marketing Research, 50(3), 303-316.Hayes, A. F. (2017). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford publications.Hershatter, A., & Epstein, M. (2010). Millennials and the world of work: An organization and management perspective. Journal of business and psychology, 25(2), 211-223.Hochstein, B., Bolander, W., Christenson, B., Pratt, A. B., & Reynolds, K. (2021). An Investigation of Consumer Subjective Knowledge in Frontline Interactions. Journal of Retailing, in-press.Huston, S. J. (2010). Measuring financial literacy. Journal of consumer affairs, 44(2), 296-316.Kiel, G. C., & Layton, R. A. (1981). Dimensions of consumer information seeking behavior. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(2), 233-239.Koya, K., Matrix Consultants, Venture, & Jones, D. (2021, January). A Path of Roses and Financial Literacy: Exploring the Usability of UK`s Digital Banking Services to Improve Younger Adult Adoption. In 2021 3rd Asia Pacific Information Technology Conference (pp. 18-25).Lee, Nathaniel (2021, April 12). Why robo-advisors are striving toward a ‘hybrid model,’ as the industry passes the $460 billion mark. Consumer News and Business Channel. Retrieved from https://www.cnbc.com/world/Lee, Y., Kozar, K. A., & Larsen, K. R. (2003). The technology acceptance model: Past, present, and future. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 12(1), 50, 752-780.Lown, J. M. (2011). Development and validation of a financial self-efficacy scale. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 22(2), 54.Mahajan, V., & Muller, E. (1979). Innovation diffusion and new product growth models in marketing. Journal of Marketing, 43(4), 55-68.Malhotra, V. (2014). Transforming wealth management through technology.Malik, A., Suresh, S., & Sharma, S. (2017). Factors influencing consumers’ attitude towards adoption and continuous use of mobile applications: a conceptual model. Procedia Computer Science, 122, 106-113.Marangunić, N., & Granić, A. (2015). Technology acceptance model: a literature review from 1986 to 2013. Universal Access in the Information Society, 14(1), 81-95.Maxfield, John (2017, October 20). Why Wealth Management Is Such Good Business for Banks. Retrieved from https://www.fool.com/Meuter, M. L., Bitner, M. J., Ostrom, A. L., & Brown, S. W. (2005). Choosing among alternative service delivery modes: An investigation of customer trial of self-service technologies. Journal of Marketing, 69(2), 61-83.Mindra, R., & Moya, M. (2017). Financial self-efficacy: a mediator in advancing financial inclusion. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal.Moorman, C., Diehl, K., Brinberg, D., & Kidwell, B. (2004). Subjective knowledge, search locations, and consumer choice. Journal of Consumer Research, 31(3), 673-680.Park, J. K., & John, D. R. (2014). I think I can, I think I can: Brand use, self-efficacy, and performance. Journal of Marketing Research, 51(2), 233-247.Pentina, I., Zhang, L., Bata, H., & Chen, Y. (2016). Exploring privacy paradox in information-sensitive mobile app adoption: A cross-cultural comparison. Computers in Human Behavior, 65, 409-419.Phoon, K., & Koh, F. (2017). Robo-advisors and wealth management. The Journal of Alternative Investments, 20(3), 79-94Puschmann, T. (2017). Fintech. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 59(1), 69-76.Raju, P. S., Lonial, S. C., & Mangold, W. G. (1995). Differential effects of subjective knowledge, objective knowledge, and usage experience on decision making: An exploratory investigation. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 4(2), 153-180.China bans financial, payment institutions from cryptocurrency business. (2021, May 18). Reuters, Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/Rogers, Everett M. (1995), Diffusion of Innovations, 4th ed. New York: The Free Press.Romero, M., & Craig, A. W. (2017). Costly curves: How human-like shapes can increase spending. Journal of Consumer Research, 44(1), 80-98.Rothwell, D. W., Khan, M. N., & Cherney, K. (2016). Building financial knowledge is not enough: Financial self-efficacy as a mediator in the financial capability of low-income families. Journal of Community Practice, 24(4), 368-388.Satran, Richard (2021, January 15). U.S. regulator`s approval of stablecoin payments provides regulatory building block, compliance challenge. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M. (1995). Generalized self-efficacy scale. Measures in health psychology: A user’s portfolio. Causal and Control Beliefs, 1(1), 35-37.Seltzer, L. F. (1983). Influencing the" shape" of resistance: An experimental exploration of paradoxical directives and psychological reactance. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 4(1), 47-71.Stein, J. (2013). Millennials: The me me me generation. Time Magazine, 20, 1-8.Sujan, M. (1985). Consumer knowledge: Effects on evaluation strategies mediating consumer judgments. Journal of Consumer Research, 12(1), 31-46.Tammas-Hastings, D. (2017). ‘WealthTech’: The challenges facing the wealth management industry. LSE Business Review.Traff, J. D. (2016). The future of the wealth management industry: evolution or revolution? (Doctoral dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, U.S.A.)Whan, P. C., Mothersbaugh, D. L., & Feick, L. (1994). Consumer knowledge assessment. Journal of Consumer Research, 21(1), 71-82.Wood, R., & Bandura, A. (1989). Social cognitive theory of organizational management. Academy of Management Review, 14(3), 361-384.Xu, R., Frey, R. M., Fleisch, E., & Ilic, A. (2016). Understanding the impact of personality traits on mobile app adoption–Insights from a large-scale field study. Computers in Human Behavior, 62, 244-256.Yim, C. K., Kimmy W. C., & Simon, SK L. (2012). Do customers and employees enjoy service participation? Synergistic effects of self-and other-efficacy. Journal of Marketing, 76(6), 121-140.Yoshino, N., Morgan, P. J., & Long, T. Q. (2020). Financial Literacy and Fintech Adoption in Japan, Asian Development Bank Institute, Working Paper No.1095.Zhang, T., Lu, C., & Kizildag, M. (2018). Banking “on-the-go”: examining consumers’ adoption of mobile banking services. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 10(3), 279-295. zh_TW dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/NCCU202101195 en_US
