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題名 企業擴張選址及打造供應鏈韌性之決策── 以伺服器產業E公司為例
Business expansion location decision and the construction of supply chain resilience: in the case of server industry corporation E作者 郭綺晴
Kuo, Chi-Ching貢獻者 郭曉玲
Guo, Shiau-Ling
郭綺晴
Kuo, Chi-Ching關鍵詞 伺服器產業
供應鏈韌性
選址
Server industry
Supply chain resilience
Location decision日期 2022 上傳時間 2-九月-2022 15:48:36 (UTC+8) 摘要 臺灣在全球科技業供應鏈中扮演重要角色，以上游零組件生產及中游代工組裝支援跨國科技品牌廠的產品製造。其中，伺服器產業由於產品的高規格及複雜性，有著分工細膩的供應鏈，跨國品牌廠的生產製造仰賴全球眾多供應商的合作才能完成終端產品，因而屬於高全球整合需求、低在地回應需求的產業，在臺灣佔據電腦製造業整體產值的五成以上。因應中美貿易戰及新冠肺炎疫情等全球總體經濟環境變化，以及競爭對手的動態策略調整，變動成了現代的常態。產業鏈中各角色也不斷調整自身策略於以因應，透過擴張時的選址、組織調整、流程改革等方式，企圖強化供應鏈韌性以面對未來更多難以預期的挑戰。本研究以伺服器產業領導品牌E公司為例，探討其來臺先後設立研發中心、採購中心的背景因素及策略意涵，以及其因應新冠肺炎疫情所做的策略調整。透過策略矩陣分析，本研究認為成本考量為驅動各項策略變革最重要的因子。個案公司透過提高自身對於研發及採購的控制程度，得以降低外包所需的花費，同時打造競爭者難以模仿的競爭優勢。本研究希望可成為後疫情時代企業打造供應鏈韌性的參考。
Taiwan plays a critical role in the global technology industry supply chain, especially in upstream component manufacturing and midstream OEM/ ODM assembly. The server industry has a highly segmented supply chain due to its complicated nature. International server brands are categorized as having high international integration needs and low local response needs, which often rely on multiple suppliers from various countries for end-product manufacturing. The server industry especially takes up over 50% value of all computing devices manufactured in Taiwan.Looking at the changes in macroeconomics, the US-China trade war and COVID-19 for instance, as well as the dynamic strategy within competitors, uncertainties seem to be the new norm nowadays. Each player in the supply chain also keeps adjusting their own strategies regarding location decisions, reorganization, and process optimization to strengthen the supply chain resilience, thus being able to face more unexpected upcoming challenges.Taking one of the server industry leaders, corporation E, as the research target, this thesis discussed the background and strategic indication behind establishing a sourcing center in Taiwan, and the adjustment made facing the COVID-19 crisis. With the analysis of the strategic matrix, the cost is suggested to be the key driver of each decision made. By enhancing the controllability of development and procurement, the out-sourcing expense of such functions can decrease and build up a competitive advantage that is hard to be imitated by rivals. Overall, this research is expected to be viewed as a reference for corporations that aim at building a stronger supply chain resilience.參考文獻 中文論文與專書司徒達賢（2003）。策略管理新論 觀念架構與分析方法。臺北：智勝文化。朱柔若（譯）（1996）。社會科學研究方法與資料分析。臺北：揚智文化事業股份有限公司。（Herzog, Thomas, 1996）周海濤、李永賢、張蘅（譯）（2009）。個案研究：設計與方法。臺北：五南圖書出版股份有限公司。（原作者：Yin, Robert K., 2003）徐宇聲（2020）。客戶集中度對電子代工業的影響及策略發展——以蘋果公司與臺灣代工公司個案研究為例（博碩士論文）。國立臺灣大學管理學院資訊管理組碩士論文。陳文欽、溫源鳳、蘇育敏（2004）。從資源基礎理論探討醫療產業經營關鍵成功因素——策略矩陣分析法之應用。遠東學報，21（3），501-510。中文報告與網路資料財團法人國家實驗研究院科技政策研究與資訊中心科技產業資訊室（2012）。臺灣產業結構優化——三業四化（製造業服務化、服務業科技化及國際化、傳統產業特色化）行動計畫核定本。經濟部工業局。擷取自https://ws.ndc.gov.tw/001/administrator/10/webarchive/1628/6f3173fe-1d5a-4a03-ad55-c2f4ba2555da.pdf魏銘佑（2020）。伺服器近年生產快速成長，為電腦製造業成長之貢獻來源。中華民國經濟部統計處產業經濟統計簡訊 362期。擷取自https://www.moea.gov.tw/mns/DOS/bulletin/wHandBulletin_File.ashx?file_id=23317臺伺服器產業話語權成形（2020/07/29）。DIGITIMES 電子時報，No. 5525，頭版。擷取自 https://mms.digitimes.com/printimg/2020/20200729_dt.pdf官振萱（2012）。外商新一波「臺灣熱」。天下雜誌260期。擷取自https://www.cw.com.tw/article/5040812戴爾臺灣研發中心（2022/05/13）。 擷取自Dell Technology: https://dell.searchgreatcareers.com/tw-design-center黃欽勇（2021）。從臺灣看世界(10)：從製造端看伺服器產銷結構。DIGITIMES電子時報。擷取自https://www.digitimes.com.tw/col/article.asp?id=1399外文論文與專書Alkhatib, S. (2017). Strategic logistics outsourcing: upstream-downstream supply chain comparison. Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing 10(3), 309-333.Barbosa-Povoa, J. P. (2018). Supply chain resilience: definitions and quantitative modelling approaches: a literature review. Computers & Industrial Engineering 115, 109-122.Barroso, A., Machado, V., & Cruz-Machado, V. (2011). Supply chain resilience using the mapping approach. Supply Chain Management. London: IntechOpen. 161-184.Dunning, J. H. (1988). The eclectic paradigm of international production: a restatement and some possible extensions. Journal of International Business Studies. 19(8), 1-31.Eng, T. Y. (2014). International R&D partnerships and intrafirm R&D–marketing–production integration of manufacturing firms in emerging economies. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(1), 32-44.Fu, P. P., Tsui, A. S., & Dess, G. G. (2006). The dynamics of guanxi in chinese hightech firms: implications for knowledge management and decision making. Management International Review, 46, 277-305.Kotler, P., Kartajaya, H., & Setiawan, I. (2010). Marketing 3.0: from products to customers to the human spirit. Hoboken, New Jersey, U.S.: John Wiley & Sons.Kraljic, P. (1983). Purchasing must become supply management. Harvard Business Review, 61(5), 109-117.Makino, S., Lau, C.M., & Yeh, R.S. (2002). Asset-exploitation versus asset-seeking: implications for location choice of foreign direct investment from newly industrialized economies. Journal of International Business Studies, 33, 403-421.Melin, L. (1992). Internationalization as a strategy process. Strategic Management Journal. 52(13), 99-118.Peter Cheverton, J. P. (2010). Understanding the professional buyer: what every sales professional should know about how the modern buyer thinks and behaves. London, UK: Kogan Page Publishers.Rothaermel, F. T. (2019). Strategic Management 4th Edition. New York: McGRAW-HILL Education.Su, C., Mitchell, R. K., & Sirgy, M. J. (2007). Enabling guanxi management in china: a hierarchical stakeholder model of effective guanxi. Journal of Business Ethics, 71, 301–319.Vernon, R. (1979). The product cycle hypothesis in a new international environment. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 41(4), 255-267.Welch, L., & Luostarinen, R. (1988). Internationalization: evolution of a concept. Journal of General Management, 14(2), 155-171.外文報告與網路資料Berry, F. (2021). 2021 IT brand leader survey. Retrieved from IT Brand Pulse: https://itbrandpulse.com/2021-brand-leader-survey-results/Foster, C. (2020). Building supply chain resilience through digital transformation . Retrieved from KPMG International Cooperative: https://assets.kpmg/content/dam/kpmg/xx/pdf/2020/06/building-supply-chain-resilience-through-digital-transformation.pdfHung, F. (2002/09/23). HP to open computer design center in taiwan. Retrieved from EE Times: https://www.eetimes.com/hp-to-open-computer-design-center-in-taiwan/Liu, M. (2018/09/20). [Market view] The trade war has limited impact on north american data centers, but server makers may consider moving production facilities out of china, says trendForce. Retrieved from TrendForce: https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20180920-10053.htmlNeedham, M. (2021/09/09). Worldwide server market revenue declined 2.5% year over year in the second quarter of 2021, according to IDC. Retrieved from International Data Corporation (IDC): https://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=prUS48221821Reeves, M., & Whitaker, K. (2020/07/20). A Guide to Building a More Resilient Business. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved from https://store.hbr.org/product/a-guide-to-building-a-more-resilient-business/H05PUZYamaji, M. (2021). Forecast analysis: semiconductor sales through distributors, worldwide. Retrieved from Gartner Research: https://www.gartner.com/en/documents/4001885 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程)
109363013資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109363013 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 郭曉玲 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Guo, Shiau-Ling en_US dc.contributor.author (作者) 郭綺晴 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) Kuo, Chi-Ching en_US dc.creator (作者) 郭綺晴 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Kuo, Chi-Ching en_US dc.date (日期) 2022 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-九月-2022 15:48:36 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-九月-2022 15:48:36 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-九月-2022 15:48:36 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0109363013 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/141847 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 109363013 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 臺灣在全球科技業供應鏈中扮演重要角色，以上游零組件生產及中游代工組裝支援跨國科技品牌廠的產品製造。其中，伺服器產業由於產品的高規格及複雜性，有著分工細膩的供應鏈，跨國品牌廠的生產製造仰賴全球眾多供應商的合作才能完成終端產品，因而屬於高全球整合需求、低在地回應需求的產業，在臺灣佔據電腦製造業整體產值的五成以上。因應中美貿易戰及新冠肺炎疫情等全球總體經濟環境變化，以及競爭對手的動態策略調整，變動成了現代的常態。產業鏈中各角色也不斷調整自身策略於以因應，透過擴張時的選址、組織調整、流程改革等方式，企圖強化供應鏈韌性以面對未來更多難以預期的挑戰。本研究以伺服器產業領導品牌E公司為例，探討其來臺先後設立研發中心、採購中心的背景因素及策略意涵，以及其因應新冠肺炎疫情所做的策略調整。透過策略矩陣分析，本研究認為成本考量為驅動各項策略變革最重要的因子。個案公司透過提高自身對於研發及採購的控制程度，得以降低外包所需的花費，同時打造競爭者難以模仿的競爭優勢。本研究希望可成為後疫情時代企業打造供應鏈韌性的參考。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Taiwan plays a critical role in the global technology industry supply chain, especially in upstream component manufacturing and midstream OEM/ ODM assembly. The server industry has a highly segmented supply chain due to its complicated nature. International server brands are categorized as having high international integration needs and low local response needs, which often rely on multiple suppliers from various countries for end-product manufacturing. The server industry especially takes up over 50% value of all computing devices manufactured in Taiwan.Looking at the changes in macroeconomics, the US-China trade war and COVID-19 for instance, as well as the dynamic strategy within competitors, uncertainties seem to be the new norm nowadays. Each player in the supply chain also keeps adjusting their own strategies regarding location decisions, reorganization, and process optimization to strengthen the supply chain resilience, thus being able to face more unexpected upcoming challenges.Taking one of the server industry leaders, corporation E, as the research target, this thesis discussed the background and strategic indication behind establishing a sourcing center in Taiwan, and the adjustment made facing the COVID-19 crisis. With the analysis of the strategic matrix, the cost is suggested to be the key driver of each decision made. By enhancing the controllability of development and procurement, the out-sourcing expense of such functions can decrease and build up a competitive advantage that is hard to be imitated by rivals. Overall, this research is expected to be viewed as a reference for corporations that aim at building a stronger supply chain resilience. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第壹章 緒論 9第一節 研究背景與動機 9第二節 研究目的 10第三節 論文架構 10第四節 研究流程 12第貳章 文獻回顧 13第一節 策略形態分析法與策略矩陣分析法 13一、 策略形態分析法 13二、 策略矩陣分析法 14第二節 採購流程與供應商選擇策略 17一、 採購流程 17二、 卡拉傑克矩陣 (Kralijic Matrix) (Kraljic, 1983) 18第三節 供應鏈韌性理論介紹 19一、 供應鏈韌性的內涵 20二、 透過數位轉型位打造供應鏈韌性 21第四節 國際化與區位選擇理論 22一、 國際化理論 22二、 區位選擇理論 22第參章 研究設計 23第一節 研究方法 23一、 文獻分析法 23二、 個案研究法 23三、 深度訪談法 24第二節 訪談設計 24第肆章 個案介紹及研究分析 26第一節 伺服器產業概述 26第二節 個案公司簡介 28第三節 主要競爭者公司簡介 29第四節 以策略矩陣分析個案公司的選址決策 30一、 美國總部集權時期 32二、 轉移臺灣時期 34第五節 以策略矩陣分析個案公司新冠肺炎疫情前後改變 37一、 新冠肺炎疫情前──低成本壓力 37二、 新冠肺炎疫情後──確保物料供應 41第伍章 結論與建議 48第一節 研究結論 48一、 臺灣在科技業全球策略佈局中所扮演的角色及重要性提升的原因 48二、 個案公司決策的發展過程及背後的策略意涵 48三、 個案公司與主要競爭者之策略比較 49第二節 管理意涵 51一、 利用策略形態分析法、策略矩陣分析法協助策略規劃 51二、 透過數位轉型強化供應鏈韌性 51第三節 研究範圍與限制 52第四節 未來研究建議 52參考資料 53附錄──訪談問題綱要 56 zh_TW dc.format.extent 967897 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109363013 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 伺服器產業 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 供應鏈韌性 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 選址 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Server industry en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Supply chain resilience en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Location decision en_US dc.title (題名) 企業擴張選址及打造供應鏈韌性之決策── 以伺服器產業E公司為例 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Business expansion location decision and the construction of supply chain resilience: in the case of server industry corporation E en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文論文與專書司徒達賢（2003）。策略管理新論 觀念架構與分析方法。臺北：智勝文化。朱柔若（譯）（1996）。社會科學研究方法與資料分析。臺北：揚智文化事業股份有限公司。（Herzog, Thomas, 1996）周海濤、李永賢、張蘅（譯）（2009）。個案研究：設計與方法。臺北：五南圖書出版股份有限公司。（原作者：Yin, Robert K., 2003）徐宇聲（2020）。客戶集中度對電子代工業的影響及策略發展——以蘋果公司與臺灣代工公司個案研究為例（博碩士論文）。國立臺灣大學管理學院資訊管理組碩士論文。陳文欽、溫源鳳、蘇育敏（2004）。從資源基礎理論探討醫療產業經營關鍵成功因素——策略矩陣分析法之應用。遠東學報，21（3），501-510。中文報告與網路資料財團法人國家實驗研究院科技政策研究與資訊中心科技產業資訊室（2012）。臺灣產業結構優化——三業四化（製造業服務化、服務業科技化及國際化、傳統產業特色化）行動計畫核定本。經濟部工業局。擷取自https://ws.ndc.gov.tw/001/administrator/10/webarchive/1628/6f3173fe-1d5a-4a03-ad55-c2f4ba2555da.pdf魏銘佑（2020）。伺服器近年生產快速成長，為電腦製造業成長之貢獻來源。中華民國經濟部統計處產業經濟統計簡訊 362期。擷取自https://www.moea.gov.tw/mns/DOS/bulletin/wHandBulletin_File.ashx?file_id=23317臺伺服器產業話語權成形（2020/07/29）。DIGITIMES 電子時報，No. 5525，頭版。擷取自 https://mms.digitimes.com/printimg/2020/20200729_dt.pdf官振萱（2012）。外商新一波「臺灣熱」。天下雜誌260期。擷取自https://www.cw.com.tw/article/5040812戴爾臺灣研發中心（2022/05/13）。 擷取自Dell Technology: https://dell.searchgreatcareers.com/tw-design-center黃欽勇（2021）。從臺灣看世界(10)：從製造端看伺服器產銷結構。DIGITIMES電子時報。擷取自https://www.digitimes.com.tw/col/article.asp?id=1399外文論文與專書Alkhatib, S. (2017). Strategic logistics outsourcing: upstream-downstream supply chain comparison. Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing 10(3), 309-333.Barbosa-Povoa, J. P. (2018). Supply chain resilience: definitions and quantitative modelling approaches: a literature review. Computers & Industrial Engineering 115, 109-122.Barroso, A., Machado, V., & Cruz-Machado, V. (2011). Supply chain resilience using the mapping approach. Supply Chain Management. London: IntechOpen. 161-184.Dunning, J. H. (1988). The eclectic paradigm of international production: a restatement and some possible extensions. Journal of International Business Studies. 19(8), 1-31.Eng, T. Y. (2014). International R&D partnerships and intrafirm R&D–marketing–production integration of manufacturing firms in emerging economies. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(1), 32-44.Fu, P. P., Tsui, A. S., & Dess, G. G. (2006). 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Strategic Management 4th Edition. New York: McGRAW-HILL Education.Su, C., Mitchell, R. K., & Sirgy, M. J. (2007). Enabling guanxi management in china: a hierarchical stakeholder model of effective guanxi. Journal of Business Ethics, 71, 301–319.Vernon, R. (1979). The product cycle hypothesis in a new international environment. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 41(4), 255-267.Welch, L., & Luostarinen, R. (1988). Internationalization: evolution of a concept. Journal of General Management, 14(2), 155-171.外文報告與網路資料Berry, F. (2021). 2021 IT brand leader survey. Retrieved from IT Brand Pulse: https://itbrandpulse.com/2021-brand-leader-survey-results/Foster, C. (2020). Building supply chain resilience through digital transformation . Retrieved from KPMG International Cooperative: https://assets.kpmg/content/dam/kpmg/xx/pdf/2020/06/building-supply-chain-resilience-through-digital-transformation.pdfHung, F. (2002/09/23). HP to open computer design center in taiwan. 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