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題名 陰謀論在主流媒體的再現分析： 以Covid-19陰謀論為例
Analysis of the Representation of Conspiracy Theories in Mainstream Media: The Case of Covid-19 Conspiracy Theories作者 程彥諄
Cheng, Yen-Chun貢獻者 鄭宇君
Cheng, Yu-Chung
程彥諄
Cheng, Yen-Chun關鍵詞 陰謀論
新冠病毒
新聞框架
媒體偏向
媒體再現
Conspiracy theory
Covid-19
News framework
Media bias
Media representaion日期 2022 上傳時間 2-十二月-2022 15:23:53 (UTC+8) 摘要 本研究目的在於瞭解新聞媒體在新冠肺炎的相關報導中，如何對陰謀論內容進行再現，特別關注的是繁體中文新聞媒體如何報導、呈現陰謀論內容，研究者對新冠陰謀論報導樣本進行量化與質化的文本分析，以瞭解新聞媒體如何合併新聞敘事與陰謀論敘事二者看似相矛盾、實際相互頗有重疊的敘事手法。在研究設計方面，本研究以台灣事實查核中心所公佈的查核報告中與新冠病毒相關的七項陰謀論為出發，搜尋繁體中文的相關新聞報導，總共獲得534則新聞報導為分析樣本，進行類目分析與文本分析。研究者對於各則樣本進行媒體類型、媒體偏向、媒體所在地等類目進行編碼分析，本研究發現媒體偏向（立場傾向中國或反對中國）會影響媒體對於特定陰謀論報導的偏好。在中美對立、新冠病毒肆虐的背景下，繁體中文媒體會依照其偏好的政治立場，對有利或不利中國的新冠陰謀論採取不同的報導策略：強調該陰謀論的「宣傳」、意圖反對或拆穿陰謀論觀點的「反駁宣傳」、只以科普介紹該陰謀論的「客觀報導」三者。最後，綜合本研究對於新冠陰謀論報導的類目與文本分析結果，本研究試圖提出分析陰謀論之媒體再現的理論模型，融合媒體偏向、宣傳策略、新聞框架與敘事元素，提供後續研究者做為參考。
The purpose of this study is to understand how the news media reproduce the content of conspiracy theories in the COVID-19 related reports. Special attention is paid to how traditional Chinese news media report and present the content of conspiracy theories. The researchers conduct quantitative and qualitative text analysis on the samples of COVID-19 conspiracy theory reports. To understand how the news media combines the seemingly contradictory but actually overlapping narrative techniques of the news narrative and the conspiracy narrative.In terms of research design, based on seven conspiracy theories related to the coronavirus published by the Taiwan Fact-Checking Center, this study searched for news reports in traditional Chinese. A total of 534 news reports were obtained as analysis samples for category analysis and text analysis.The author conducted coding analysis for each sample by media type, media bias, media location and other categories. This study found that media bias （pro-China or anti-China stance） would affect the media`s preference for reporting specific conspiracy theories. , the new crown virus epidemic in China and the United States under the background of that traditional Chinese media will be in accordance with the preferences of political stance, the advantage or disadvantage of China`s new champions league conspiracy theories reports take different strategies: emphasize the conspiracy theory "propaganda", intent against or expose the conspiracy theory point of view of "counter propaganda", science is only to show the "objective reports" three conspiracy theories.Finally, based on the categorization and text analysis results of the coverage of COVID-19 conspiracy theories, this study attempts to propose a theoretical model for analyzing the media representation of conspiracy theories, integrating media bias, propaganda strategies, news framework and narrative elements, so as to provide a reference for subsequent researchers.參考文獻 一、中文部分葉品岑譯（2021）。《另類事實：關於知識和它的敵人》（初版），台北：春山出版。（原書：Åsa Wikforss[2020]. 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國立政治大學
傳播學院傳播碩士學位學程
108464031資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108464031 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 鄭宇君 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Cheng, Yu-Chung en_US dc.contributor.author (作者) 程彥諄 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) Cheng, Yen-Chun en_US dc.creator (作者) 程彥諄 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Cheng, Yen-Chun en_US dc.date (日期) 2022 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-十二月-2022 15:23:53 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-十二月-2022 15:23:53 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-十二月-2022 15:23:53 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0108464031 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/142668 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 傳播學院傳播碩士學位學程 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 108464031 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究目的在於瞭解新聞媒體在新冠肺炎的相關報導中，如何對陰謀論內容進行再現，特別關注的是繁體中文新聞媒體如何報導、呈現陰謀論內容，研究者對新冠陰謀論報導樣本進行量化與質化的文本分析，以瞭解新聞媒體如何合併新聞敘事與陰謀論敘事二者看似相矛盾、實際相互頗有重疊的敘事手法。在研究設計方面，本研究以台灣事實查核中心所公佈的查核報告中與新冠病毒相關的七項陰謀論為出發，搜尋繁體中文的相關新聞報導，總共獲得534則新聞報導為分析樣本，進行類目分析與文本分析。研究者對於各則樣本進行媒體類型、媒體偏向、媒體所在地等類目進行編碼分析，本研究發現媒體偏向（立場傾向中國或反對中國）會影響媒體對於特定陰謀論報導的偏好。在中美對立、新冠病毒肆虐的背景下，繁體中文媒體會依照其偏好的政治立場，對有利或不利中國的新冠陰謀論採取不同的報導策略：強調該陰謀論的「宣傳」、意圖反對或拆穿陰謀論觀點的「反駁宣傳」、只以科普介紹該陰謀論的「客觀報導」三者。最後，綜合本研究對於新冠陰謀論報導的類目與文本分析結果，本研究試圖提出分析陰謀論之媒體再現的理論模型，融合媒體偏向、宣傳策略、新聞框架與敘事元素，提供後續研究者做為參考。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) The purpose of this study is to understand how the news media reproduce the content of conspiracy theories in the COVID-19 related reports. Special attention is paid to how traditional Chinese news media report and present the content of conspiracy theories. The researchers conduct quantitative and qualitative text analysis on the samples of COVID-19 conspiracy theory reports. To understand how the news media combines the seemingly contradictory but actually overlapping narrative techniques of the news narrative and the conspiracy narrative.In terms of research design, based on seven conspiracy theories related to the coronavirus published by the Taiwan Fact-Checking Center, this study searched for news reports in traditional Chinese. A total of 534 news reports were obtained as analysis samples for category analysis and text analysis.The author conducted coding analysis for each sample by media type, media bias, media location and other categories. This study found that media bias （pro-China or anti-China stance） would affect the media`s preference for reporting specific conspiracy theories. , the new crown virus epidemic in China and the United States under the background of that traditional Chinese media will be in accordance with the preferences of political stance, the advantage or disadvantage of China`s new champions league conspiracy theories reports take different strategies: emphasize the conspiracy theory "propaganda", intent against or expose the conspiracy theory point of view of "counter propaganda", science is only to show the "objective reports" three conspiracy theories.Finally, based on the categorization and text analysis results of the coverage of COVID-19 conspiracy theories, this study attempts to propose a theoretical model for analyzing the media representation of conspiracy theories, integrating media bias, propaganda strategies, news framework and narrative elements, so as to provide a reference for subsequent researchers. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄中文摘要 i目錄 iii圖目錄 vii表目錄 vii第一章：緒論 1第一節：研究背景 1第二節：研究目的 4第三節：研究問題 6第二章 文獻回顧 11第一節：當代陰謀論敘事 11一、何謂陰謀論 11二、陰謀論的特徵 12三、陰謀論的敘事與類型 13第二節：陰謀論的傳播途徑與相關角色 17一、陰謀論的倡議者 18二、陰謀論的目標受眾 19三、陰謀論在社交媒體上的傳播 20四、當代陰謀論的生存土壤：後真相時代 22第三節：陰謀論與新聞敘事的關聯 23一 、小報媒體傾向報導陰謀論 24二、主流媒體如何報導陰謀論內容 24三、新聞媒體如何報導不可證偽的內容 26四、陰謀論與事實查核組織 27第四節：小結 28一 、當前陰謀論的傳播管道：名人新聞與社群媒體的結合 28二、新冠陰謀論傳播概念圖 29三、研究問題：探討新聞敘事如何再現陰謀論？ 31第三章：研究方法 33第一節：研究設計 33第二節：新聞框架與陰謀論敘事 35一、陰謀論的敘事 35二、新聞的敘事框架 37三、陰謀論的敘事框架 38第三節：研究案例與新聞樣本蒐集 41一、陰謀論案例蒐集 41二、新聞資料蒐集 42第四節：操作型定義 44一、資料類目 44二、文本分析工具 45第四章：陰謀論新聞樣本之量化分析與討論 48第一節：各類陰謀論報導的時間軸分析 48一、實驗洩漏說的報導時間分布 48二、人工合成說的報導時間分布 49三、實驗室人造說的報導時間分布 50四、美國起源說的報導時間分布 52五、疫苗晶片說的報導時間分布 53六、5G傳播論的報導時間分布 54七、各月份報導量分析總結 54第二節：陰謀論新聞的量化分析 56一、媒體類別統計 56二、新聞所屬與報導所在地統計 58三、 新聞品牌與立場之統計分析 59第三節：類目分析與發現 63一、媒體類型與陰謀論報導數量有關：影音媒體的陰謀論報導數量最少 63二、同一時段報導數量愈多的媒體 陰謀論新聞的報導數愈多 63三、媒體對中國的立場與媒體報導陰謀論類型的偏好有關 63四、媒體所屬與陰謀論類型的報導偏好有關聯 64第五章：陰謀論新聞之文本分析與討論 65第一節：各類型陰謀論的論述形貌 65一、 實驗室洩漏說的初步分析：最早出現的病毒起源類陰謀論 65二、實驗室人造說的初步分析結果：散播恐懼與對立的陰謀論類型 71三、美國起源說的初步分析結果：中國用以反駁西方論點的病毒起源陰謀論 77第二節：陰謀論框架、新聞框架、陰謀論敘事元素分析的比較與發現 81第三節：新聞框架、陰謀論框架與陰謀論敘事的互動 85一、陰謀論框架與新聞框架的關聯和互動 85二、行動元素與陰謀論框架存有關聯 85第四節：美中衝突框架下的新冠陰謀論 86一、以中國為假想敵的威脅框架 86二、美中交惡脈絡下的相互究責與衝突 88第五節：陰謀論報導作為宣傳與反宣傳的工具 89一、客觀陳述陰謀論 89二、宣傳陰謀論 92三、反駁陰謀論宣傳 93四、媒體的陰謀論宣傳策略圖 95第六章 結論 97第一節：新冠陰謀論報導之研究發現 97第二節：研究限制 100第三節：未來研究與研究建議：陰謀論文本研究途徑 101參考文獻 103一、中文部分 103二、英文部分 103三、網路資料 111附錄一：新冠陰謀論案例暨報導樣本 116附錄二：台灣新冠陰謀論報導資料總表 121 zh_TW dc.format.extent 7700580 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108464031 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 陰謀論 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新冠病毒 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新聞框架 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 媒體偏向 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 媒體再現 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Conspiracy theory en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Covid-19 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) News framework en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Media bias en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Media representaion en_US dc.title (題名) 陰謀論在主流媒體的再現分析： 以Covid-19陰謀論為例 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Analysis of the Representation of Conspiracy Theories in Mainstream Media: The Case of Covid-19 Conspiracy Theories en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部分葉品岑譯（2021）。《另類事實：關於知識和它的敵人》（初版），台北：春山出版。（原書：Åsa Wikforss[2020]. 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