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題名 在全球發展議程中重新審視世界主義伊斯蘭教： 將可持續發展目標納入印度尼西亞的天課實踐
Revisiting Cosmopolitan Islam in Global Development Agenda: Incorporating the Sustainable Development Goals into Indonesian Zakat Practice作者 安紗彩
Anabarja, Sarah貢獻者 邱炫元
Chiou, Syuan-Yuan
安紗彩
Sarah Anabarja關鍵詞 天課
印度尼西亞穆斯林社會
可持續發展目標 (SDG)
國際化伊斯蘭教、信仰組織 (FBO)
Zakat
Indonesian Muslim Society
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Cosmopolitan Islam
Faith Based Organization (FBO)日期 2023 上傳時間 8-Feb-2023 15:11:24 (UTC+8) 摘要 本研究在可持續發展目標 (SDG) 的全球發展議程中，以印度尼西亞天課管理為例，探討了國際化伊斯蘭教的話語。天課管理的最新進展反映了天課在發展領域整合的新趨勢。因此，自 2017 年世界天課論壇（WZF）會議和年會以來，許多學者開始更加關注天課和可持續發展目標。繼這次會議之後，2019 年 WZF 發布決議，要求其成員合作並滿足與聯合國開發計劃署 (UNDP) 一起實現可持續發展目標。另一方面，學術著作還表明，印度尼西亞穆斯林社會已經展示了其國際化的價值，以發展其宗教框架和實踐。在印度尼西亞烏拉瑪委員會 (Majelis Ulama Indonesia, MUI) 發布了一項教令，指出天課的交付不僅限於直接為 受益人 提供渠道，因此天課管理者開始創新他們的戰略，以指導更廣泛地使用天課。然而，將可持續發展目標的全球議程納入天課實踐需要的不僅僅是教令。因此，印度尼西亞穆斯林社會為此目的採用了許多框架、政策和活動。國家天課機構 (BAZNAS) 與世界天課論壇 (WZF) 的成員於 2019 年與聯合國開發計劃署簽署了一份諒解備忘錄 (MoU)，以利用天課資金支持可持續發展目標計劃。同時，有兩個最大的伊斯蘭信仰組織 (FBO) - Muhammadiyah 和 Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) - 也將他們的天課實踐導向可持續發展目標。因此，這項研究對於觀察關於全球可持續發展目標如何被重新解釋並與印度尼西亞當地的天課實踐相結合的討論過程具有重要意義。它回顧了 BAZNAS、Muhammadiyah 和 NU 在將可持續發展目標納入其天課實踐中所採取的宗教框架和政策。為了回答這個問題，它應用了地方環境中的世界主義價值觀、伊斯蘭社會資本和宗教組織在發展議程中的作用的框架，來分析從採訪、相關期刊文章和工作文件、報告以及來自這三個國家的官方文件中收集的數據機構。本研究認為，印度尼西亞的天課管理與當前的可持續發展目標全球發展議程有多種形式的互動。它展示了印度尼西亞穆斯林社會發展新形式的國際化伊斯蘭教的能力，展示了賦能係統的各種方法作為將可持續發展目標重構為天課制度的形式。這一論點得到以下發現的支持：首先，印度尼西亞政府已經讓更多的利益相關者，包括穆斯林社會，為印度尼西亞的可持續發展目標的進展做出貢獻。第二，三個天課機構對可持續發展目標的“賦能係統”不同； “主動啟用”、“主動啟用”和“被動啟用”。第三，儘管他們在印尼天課管理中的角色不同，但三個機構致力於通過國際化伊斯蘭教的發展，在國家天課管理中共同努力。第四，三個機構在天課安排中表達了對世界價值觀的重構。第五，不同的聖訓方法和各機構的組織安排影響了其天課實踐中的可持續發展目標賦能體系。此後，它得出結論認為，印度尼西亞的天課管理通過將可持續發展目標的全球議程融入天課實踐，產生了一種新形式的國際化伊斯蘭教。這一證據有助於對世界主義伊斯蘭教的理論討論。
This research examines the discourse of cosmopolitan Islam in the case of Indonesian zakat management amid the global development agenda of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The recent advancement in zakat management has reflected the new trend of the integration of zakat in the field of development. Accordingly, many scholars started to pay more attention to Zakat and SDGs since the World Zakat Forum (WZF) Conference and Annual Meeting in 2017. Following up on this conference, in 2019, WZF issued a resolution to demand its members collaborate and fulfill the requirements of SDGs together with the United Nations Development Programs (UNDP). On the same coin, the scholarly works also indicate that Indonesian Muslim society has demonstrated its cosmopolitan value in developing its religious frameworks and practices.Following the issue of a fatwa by the Indonesian Ulama Council (Majelis Ulama Indonesia, MUI) stating that zakat delivery is not limited to being channeled directly for its beneficiaries, zakat managers began to innovate their strategy to direct the broader use of zakat. However, incorporating the global agenda of SDGs into zakat practice requires more than a fatwa. Thus, Indonesian Muslim society employs a number of frameworks, policies, and activities for this purpose. The National Zakat Agency (BAZNAS), along with members of the World Zakat Forum (WZF), signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with UNDP in 2019 to utilize zakat funds to support SDGs programs. At the same time, there are two biggest Islamic Faith Based Organizations (FBOs) - Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) - that also direct their zakat practices toward the SDGs.Therefore, this research is substantial to observe the discussion process on how global SDGs become reinterpreted and integrated with the local zakat practice in Indonesia. It reviews the religious frameworks and the policies taken by BAZNAS, Muhammadiyah, and NU in contextualizing the SDGs into their zakat practices. To answer this, it applies frameworks of Cosmopolitan Islam in Indonesian setting, Islamic social capital, and the role of FBOs in the development agenda to analyze the data gathered from the interviews, related journal articles and working papers, reports, and official documents from the three agencies.This research argues that zakat management in Indonesia has various forms of engagement with the current global development agenda of SDGs. It demonstrates the capability of the Indonesian Muslim society to develop a new form of cosmopolitan Islam by showing the various approach to the enablement system as a form of reconstituting the SDGs towards the zakat system. The finding supports the argument that first, the Indonesian government has engaged more stakeholders, including Muslim society, to contribute toward the SDG`s progress in Indonesia. Second, there are different ‘enablement systems’ of the SDGs among the three zakat agencies; ‘proactive enablement’, `active enablement’, and ‘passive enablement’. Third, despite their different roles in Indonesian zakat management, the three agencies are committed to working together in national zakat management through the development of cosmopolitan Islam. Fourth, the three agencies expressed the reconstitution of cosmopolitan values in their zakat arrangements. Fifth, the different methods of ijtihad and organizational arrangements of each agency have affected the enablement system of SDGs in their zakat practices. Henceforth, it concludes that Indonesian zakat management has generated a new form of cosmopolitan Islam by the contextualization of the global agenda of SDGs into the zakat practice. This evidence contributes to the theoretical discussion of cosmopolitan Islam.參考文獻 BooksAbdullah, M. Amin, 2001. “Muhammadiyah’s Experience in Promoting Civil Society on the Eve of the 21st Century” in Mitsuo, Nakamura et al (eds), 2001. Islam and Civil Society in Southeast Asia. Singapore: ISEAS. pp. 43-56.Abdullah, M.Amin, 2005. Pendidikan Agama Era Multikultural-Multireligius. Jakarta: PSAP.Al-Ghazali, 2011. Ihya Ulumuddin: Menghidupkan Ilmu Ilmu Agama. (Translated). Bandung: Mirja.Ali, Jan. A, 2014. “Zakat and Poverty in Islam” in Clarke, David and David Tittensor (eds.), 2014. Islam and Development: Exploring the Invisible Aid Economy. 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國立政治大學
亞太研究英語博士學位學程(IDAS)
107265510資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107265510 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 邱炫元 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Chiou, Syuan-Yuan en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 安紗彩 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Sarah Anabarja en_US dc.creator (作者) 安紗彩 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Anabarja, Sarah en_US dc.date (日期) 2023 en_US dc.date.accessioned 8-Feb-2023 15:11:24 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 8-Feb-2023 15:11:24 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 8-Feb-2023 15:11:24 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0107265510 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/143324 - dc.description (描述) 博士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 亞太研究英語博士學位學程(IDAS) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 107265510 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究在可持續發展目標 (SDG) 的全球發展議程中，以印度尼西亞天課管理為例，探討了國際化伊斯蘭教的話語。天課管理的最新進展反映了天課在發展領域整合的新趨勢。因此，自 2017 年世界天課論壇（WZF）會議和年會以來，許多學者開始更加關注天課和可持續發展目標。繼這次會議之後，2019 年 WZF 發布決議，要求其成員合作並滿足與聯合國開發計劃署 (UNDP) 一起實現可持續發展目標。另一方面，學術著作還表明，印度尼西亞穆斯林社會已經展示了其國際化的價值，以發展其宗教框架和實踐。在印度尼西亞烏拉瑪委員會 (Majelis Ulama Indonesia, MUI) 發布了一項教令，指出天課的交付不僅限於直接為 受益人 提供渠道，因此天課管理者開始創新他們的戰略，以指導更廣泛地使用天課。然而，將可持續發展目標的全球議程納入天課實踐需要的不僅僅是教令。因此，印度尼西亞穆斯林社會為此目的採用了許多框架、政策和活動。國家天課機構 (BAZNAS) 與世界天課論壇 (WZF) 的成員於 2019 年與聯合國開發計劃署簽署了一份諒解備忘錄 (MoU)，以利用天課資金支持可持續發展目標計劃。同時，有兩個最大的伊斯蘭信仰組織 (FBO) - Muhammadiyah 和 Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) - 也將他們的天課實踐導向可持續發展目標。因此，這項研究對於觀察關於全球可持續發展目標如何被重新解釋並與印度尼西亞當地的天課實踐相結合的討論過程具有重要意義。它回顧了 BAZNAS、Muhammadiyah 和 NU 在將可持續發展目標納入其天課實踐中所採取的宗教框架和政策。為了回答這個問題，它應用了地方環境中的世界主義價值觀、伊斯蘭社會資本和宗教組織在發展議程中的作用的框架，來分析從採訪、相關期刊文章和工作文件、報告以及來自這三個國家的官方文件中收集的數據機構。本研究認為，印度尼西亞的天課管理與當前的可持續發展目標全球發展議程有多種形式的互動。它展示了印度尼西亞穆斯林社會發展新形式的國際化伊斯蘭教的能力，展示了賦能係統的各種方法作為將可持續發展目標重構為天課制度的形式。這一論點得到以下發現的支持：首先，印度尼西亞政府已經讓更多的利益相關者，包括穆斯林社會，為印度尼西亞的可持續發展目標的進展做出貢獻。第二，三個天課機構對可持續發展目標的“賦能係統”不同； “主動啟用”、“主動啟用”和“被動啟用”。第三，儘管他們在印尼天課管理中的角色不同，但三個機構致力於通過國際化伊斯蘭教的發展，在國家天課管理中共同努力。第四，三個機構在天課安排中表達了對世界價值觀的重構。第五，不同的聖訓方法和各機構的組織安排影響了其天課實踐中的可持續發展目標賦能體系。此後，它得出結論認為，印度尼西亞的天課管理通過將可持續發展目標的全球議程融入天課實踐，產生了一種新形式的國際化伊斯蘭教。這一證據有助於對世界主義伊斯蘭教的理論討論。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) This research examines the discourse of cosmopolitan Islam in the case of Indonesian zakat management amid the global development agenda of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The recent advancement in zakat management has reflected the new trend of the integration of zakat in the field of development. Accordingly, many scholars started to pay more attention to Zakat and SDGs since the World Zakat Forum (WZF) Conference and Annual Meeting in 2017. Following up on this conference, in 2019, WZF issued a resolution to demand its members collaborate and fulfill the requirements of SDGs together with the United Nations Development Programs (UNDP). On the same coin, the scholarly works also indicate that Indonesian Muslim society has demonstrated its cosmopolitan value in developing its religious frameworks and practices.Following the issue of a fatwa by the Indonesian Ulama Council (Majelis Ulama Indonesia, MUI) stating that zakat delivery is not limited to being channeled directly for its beneficiaries, zakat managers began to innovate their strategy to direct the broader use of zakat. However, incorporating the global agenda of SDGs into zakat practice requires more than a fatwa. Thus, Indonesian Muslim society employs a number of frameworks, policies, and activities for this purpose. The National Zakat Agency (BAZNAS), along with members of the World Zakat Forum (WZF), signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with UNDP in 2019 to utilize zakat funds to support SDGs programs. At the same time, there are two biggest Islamic Faith Based Organizations (FBOs) - Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) - that also direct their zakat practices toward the SDGs.Therefore, this research is substantial to observe the discussion process on how global SDGs become reinterpreted and integrated with the local zakat practice in Indonesia. It reviews the religious frameworks and the policies taken by BAZNAS, Muhammadiyah, and NU in contextualizing the SDGs into their zakat practices. To answer this, it applies frameworks of Cosmopolitan Islam in Indonesian setting, Islamic social capital, and the role of FBOs in the development agenda to analyze the data gathered from the interviews, related journal articles and working papers, reports, and official documents from the three agencies.This research argues that zakat management in Indonesia has various forms of engagement with the current global development agenda of SDGs. It demonstrates the capability of the Indonesian Muslim society to develop a new form of cosmopolitan Islam by showing the various approach to the enablement system as a form of reconstituting the SDGs towards the zakat system. The finding supports the argument that first, the Indonesian government has engaged more stakeholders, including Muslim society, to contribute toward the SDG`s progress in Indonesia. Second, there are different ‘enablement systems’ of the SDGs among the three zakat agencies; ‘proactive enablement’, `active enablement’, and ‘passive enablement’. Third, despite their different roles in Indonesian zakat management, the three agencies are committed to working together in national zakat management through the development of cosmopolitan Islam. Fourth, the three agencies expressed the reconstitution of cosmopolitan values in their zakat arrangements. Fifth, the different methods of ijtihad and organizational arrangements of each agency have affected the enablement system of SDGs in their zakat practices. Henceforth, it concludes that Indonesian zakat management has generated a new form of cosmopolitan Islam by the contextualization of the global agenda of SDGs into the zakat practice. This evidence contributes to the theoretical discussion of cosmopolitan Islam. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents Acknowledgment iAbstract iiTable of Contents ivFigure, Table, Graphic, and Chart viList of Figures viList of Tables viList of Graphics viList of Charts viAbbreviations and Meanings viiChapter 1 11.1. Background 11.1.1. Global Zakat Development 31.1.2. Indonesian Zakat Practice: From Charity to Development Projects 61.2. Literature Review 111.2.1. Zakat and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 131.2.2. The Global Development and Cosmopolitan Islam in Indonesia 151.3. Conceptual Framework 171.3.1. The Use of Cosmopolitan Islam in the Indonesian Setting 181.3.3. The Roles of FBOs in Development Agenda 211.4. Research Questions 231.5. Argument 231.6. Research Method 241.6.1. Type of Research 241.6.2. Data Collection and Data Analysis 251.7. Chapter Outline 27Chapter 2 292.1. SDGs in Indonesia 292.2. Zakat Practice in Indonesia: Bottom-up Strategy Administration 332.3. BAZNAS Strategic Role 352.3.1. BAZNAS and zakat Stakeholders 352.3.2. BAZNAS as Zakat Regulator and Operator 382.3.3. BAZNAS’ relations with LAZ 392.3.4. BAZNAS Relations with Global Actors 402.4. The Cosmopolitan Outlook of BAZNAS 442.5. Conclusion 47Chapter 3 493.1. Muhammadiyah in Indonesian Development Agenda: Managing the Islamic Tradition Through the Modern Organization Arrangement 493.2. Tajdid and Fiqh Al-Maun: Muhammadiyah’s Reformative Thinking for Zakat Practice. 513.2.1. Majelis Tarjih Muhammadiyah’s Ijtihad: Expanding the Zakat Beneficiaries Scope 533.3. Lazismu: Modernizing the Islamic Value of Zakat Practice 563.4. The adoption of Sustainable Development Goals in Lazismu’s Zakat Programs 633.5 Conclusion 69Chapter 4 714.1. Nahdlatul Ulama in Indonesia’s Development Agenda: The Significance of Kyai and Pesantren 714.2. Fikrah Nahdliyah: The Accommodative Thinking of NU’s zakat Practice 744.2.1. Bahtsul Masail’s Ijtihad: The Reinterpretation of Zakat Beneficiaries 764.3. NU’s Semi-autonomous Zakat Programs: Consequence of the Double-Tiered Structure 774.4. The Sustainable Development Goals in NU Care-Lazisnu’s Zakat Programs 864.5. Conclusion 88Chapter 5 905.1. Enabling the SDGs in Zakat Practice: Response to the Global Development Agenda 905.1.1. BAZNAS: Pro-active Enablement 945.1.2. Lazismu: Active Enablement 955.1.3. NU-Care Lazisnu: Passive Enablement 975.2. The Comparison of Zakat Management for SDGs 995.3 Conclusion 102Chapter 6 1046.1. Main Findings 1046.2. Cosmopolitan Islam: Revisited? 107Bibliography 109Appendix 1.1. List of Interviewees 129Appendix 3.1 Lazismu Zakat Guideline 130 zh_TW dc.format.extent 3860470 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107265510 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 天課 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 印度尼西亞穆斯林社會 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 可持續發展目標 (SDG) zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 國際化伊斯蘭教、信仰組織 (FBO) zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Zakat en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Indonesian Muslim Society en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Cosmopolitan Islam en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Faith Based Organization (FBO) en_US dc.title (題名) 在全球發展議程中重新審視世界主義伊斯蘭教： 將可持續發展目標納入印度尼西亞的天課實踐 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Revisiting Cosmopolitan Islam in Global Development Agenda: Incorporating the Sustainable Development Goals into Indonesian Zakat Practice en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) BooksAbdullah, M. 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