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題名 印尼軍方角色的轉變及其政治影響（1967－1998）
The Evolution of the Military and Its Political Consequences in Indonesia (1967-1998)
作者 陳祁
Sutanto, Maleakhi Misael
貢獻者 孫采薇
Sun, Tsai-wei
陳祁
Maleakhi Misael Sutanto
關鍵詞 印尼
軍方
歷史制度主義
新秩序
Indonesia
Military
Historical Institutionalism
New Order
日期 2023
上傳時間 9-三月-2023 18:46:36 (UTC+8)
摘要 本論文旨在通過追溯導致國家民主化的軍隊演變過程，以幫助更好地理解軍隊在軍人政權民主轉型中的作用。本論文探討了文獻中確定的一個發生這種過程的案例，即蘇哈托領導下的印度尼西亞新秩序政權。
本文采用歷史制度的方法，將軍隊視為一個自身利益獨立於政權的機構，但其決策是在各種結構性約束下做出的。因此，本文首先闡述了整個新秩序政權長達32年的軍政動態，然後定位了關鍵時刻的存在，並確定了案例中發生的製度變革模式 以啟發軍隊的演變如何無意中促進了印度尼西亞的民主化。
This thesis seeks to contribute to the greater understanding of the role of the military in democratic transition within military regimes by tracing the process of the evolution of the military, which process led to the democratization of the country. This thesis explores one case identified within the literature where such process happened, namely the New Order regime of Indonesia under Soeharto.
This thesis utilizes the historical institutional approach, taking the military as an institution with its own interests independent from the regime but whose decisions are made within various structural constraints. Thus, this thesis first lays out the dynamics between the military and the regime throughout the entirety of the 32 years long period of the New Order regime, and then locates the existence of critical junctures and identifies the modes of institutional change which occurred within the case in order to enlighten how the evolution of the military might have inadvertently contributed to the democratization of the Indonesia.
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Albrecht, Holger, Aurel Croissant, and Fred H. Lawson, . 2016. Armies and Insurgencies in the Arab Spring. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Andryanto, S. Dian. 2021. 23 Tahun Reformasi: Detik-detik Menentukan Presiden Soeharto Lengser. May 21. Accessed May 7, 2022. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1464346/23-tahun-reformasi-detik-detik-menentukan-presiden-soeharto-lengser.
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Aspinall, Edward. 2005. Opposing Suharto: Compromise, Resistance, and Regime Change in Indonesia. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Aspinall, Edward, Gerry van Klinken, and Herb Feith, . 1999. The Last Days of President Suharto. Clayton: Monash Asia Institute.
Backes, Uwe, and Steffen Kailitz, . 2016. Ideocracies in Comparison: Legitimation-Cooptation-Repression. New York: Routledge.
Barany, Zoltan. 2016. How Armies Respond to Revolutions and Why. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
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Bassford, Christopher. 2020. Tip-Toe through the Trinity. September 15. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://www.clausewitzstudies.org/mobile/trinity8.htm.
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Croissant, Aurel, David Kuehn, and Tanja Eschenauer. 2018. “Mass Protests and the Military.” Journal of Democracy 29 (3): 141-155.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
國際研究英語碩士學位學程(IMPIS)
108862009
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108862009
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 孫采薇zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Sun, Tsai-weien_US
dc.contributor.author (作者) 陳祁zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (作者) Maleakhi Misael Sutantoen_US
dc.creator (作者) 陳祁zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Sutanto, Maleakhi Misaelen_US
dc.date (日期) 2023en_US
dc.date.accessioned 9-三月-2023 18:46:36 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 9-三月-2023 18:46:36 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 9-三月-2023 18:46:36 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0108862009en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/143873-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國際研究英語碩士學位學程(IMPIS)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 108862009zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本論文旨在通過追溯導致國家民主化的軍隊演變過程，以幫助更好地理解軍隊在軍人政權民主轉型中的作用。本論文探討了文獻中確定的一個發生這種過程的案例，即蘇哈托領導下的印度尼西亞新秩序政權。
本文采用歷史制度的方法，將軍隊視為一個自身利益獨立於政權的機構，但其決策是在各種結構性約束下做出的。因此，本文首先闡述了整個新秩序政權長達32年的軍政動態，然後定位了關鍵時刻的存在，並確定了案例中發生的製度變革模式 以啟發軍隊的演變如何無意中促進了印度尼西亞的民主化。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This thesis seeks to contribute to the greater understanding of the role of the military in democratic transition within military regimes by tracing the process of the evolution of the military, which process led to the democratization of the country. This thesis explores one case identified within the literature where such process happened, namely the New Order regime of Indonesia under Soeharto.
This thesis utilizes the historical institutional approach, taking the military as an institution with its own interests independent from the regime but whose decisions are made within various structural constraints. Thus, this thesis first lays out the dynamics between the military and the regime throughout the entirety of the 32 years long period of the New Order regime, and then locates the existence of critical junctures and identifies the modes of institutional change which occurred within the case in order to enlighten how the evolution of the military might have inadvertently contributed to the democratization of the Indonesia.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 中文摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS iii
LIST OF TABLES v
LIST OF CHARTS vi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. Research Background and Motivation 1
1.2. Research Question 3
1.3. Research Methods and Data 3
1.4. Thesis Organization 4
CHAPTER II HISTORICAL INSTITUTIONALISM AND THE ROLE OF THE MILITARY IN DEMOCRATIC TRANSITIONS 6
2.1. Historical Institutionalism 6
2.1.1. Temporality and Institutions 7
2.1.2. Change and Institutions 9
2.2. The Military as an Institution 13
2.2.1. The Role of the Military in Military Regimes 16
2.2.2. Factors Influencing the Role of the Military in Democratic Transition 20
2.2.3. The Roles of the Military in Democratic Transition 25
2.3. Theory Operationalization 27
CHAPTER III THE DYNAMICS BETWEEN THE INDONESIAN MILITARY AND THE NEW ORDER REGIME 31
3.1. The Periodization of the Dynamics between the ABRI and the New Order 31
3.2. The First Fifteen Years (1967-1983) 32
3.3. The Years of Moerdani’s Influence (1983-1993) 33
3.4. The Feisal Tanjung Period (1993-1998) 36
3.5. The Final Year (1998) 40
CHAPTER IV HISTORICAL INSTITUTIONALIST ANALYSIS 48
4.1. Structural Analysis: Locating the Critical Juncture 47
4.1.1. Identifying the Permissive Condition 49
4.1.2. Identifying the Productive Condition 53
4.1.3. The Context of Democratic Transition 54
4.2. Agent-based Analysis: Identifying the Modes of Institutional Change 59
4.2.1. Ascertaining the Regime’s Veto Possibilities 60
4.2.2. Ascertaining the Military’s Degree of Discretion 65
4.2.3. Arguments and Testing 68
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION 76
5.1. Research Findings 76
5.2. Research Limits and Contributions 78
5.3. Suggestions for Future Research 79
REFERENCES 80		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 864487 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108862009en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 印尼zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 軍方zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 歷史制度主義zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新秩序zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Indonesiaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Militaryen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Historical Institutionalismen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) New Orderen_US
dc.title (題名) 印尼軍方角色的轉變及其政治影響（1967－1998）zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Evolution of the Military and Its Political Consequences in Indonesia (1967-1998)en_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Adrianto S., Muhammad. 2021. Diburu Kopassus, Ini Sosok Mbah Suro Dukun Sakti Antek PKI yang Kebal Peluru. Oktober 14. Accessed May 7, 2022. https://nasional.okezone.com/read/2021/10/13/337/2485888/diburu-kopassus-ini-sosok-mbah-suro-dukun-sakti-antek-pki-yang-kebal-peluru?page=1.
Agence France-Presse. 1998. Speech by Indonesia’s Military Chief after Suharto’s Resignation. May 21. Accessed May 7, 2022. https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/ library/world/asia/052198indonesia-military-text.html.
Albrecht, Holger, Aurel Croissant, and Fred H. Lawson, . 2016. Armies and Insurgencies in the Arab Spring. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Andryanto, S. Dian. 2021. 23 Tahun Reformasi: Detik-detik Menentukan Presiden Soeharto Lengser. May 21. Accessed May 7, 2022. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1464346/23-tahun-reformasi-detik-detik-menentukan-presiden-soeharto-lengser.
—. 2021. 23 Tahun Reformasi: Pidato Lengkap Pengunduran Diri Soeharto sebagai Presiden. May 21. Accessed May 7, 2022. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1464364/23-tahun-reformasi-pidato-lengkap-pengunduran-diri-soeharto-sebagai-presiden.
Aspinall, Edward. 2005. Opposing Suharto: Compromise, Resistance, and Regime Change in Indonesia. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Aspinall, Edward, Gerry van Klinken, and Herb Feith, . 1999. The Last Days of President Suharto. Clayton: Monash Asia Institute.
Backes, Uwe, and Steffen Kailitz, . 2016. Ideocracies in Comparison: Legitimation-Cooptation-Repression. New York: Routledge.
Barany, Zoltan. 2016. How Armies Respond to Revolutions and Why. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
—. 2012. The Soldier and the Changing State: Building Democratic Armies in Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Americas. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Bassford, Christopher. 2020. Tip-Toe through the Trinity. September 15. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://www.clausewitzstudies.org/mobile/trinity8.htm.
Blair, Dennis C. 2012. “Military Support for Democracy.” PRISM 3 (3): 3-21.
Bourchier, David, and Vedi R. Hadiz, . 2003. Indonesian Politics and Society: A Reader. London: RoutledgeCurzon.
Bresnan, John. 1993. Managing Indonesia: The Modern Political Economy. New York: Columbia University Press.
Čajić, Jasmin. 2016. “The Relevance of Clausewitz’s Theory of War to Contemporary Conflict Resolution.” Connections 15 (1): 1-7.
Capoccia, Giovanni, and R. Daniel Keleman. 2007. “The Study of Critical Junctures: Theory, Narrative, and Counterfactuals in Historical Institutionalism.” World Politics 59 (3): 341-369.
Clausewitz, Carl von. 2007. On War. Translated by Michael Howard and Peter Paret. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Collier, Ruth B., and David Collier. 1991. Shaping the Political Arena: Critical Junctures, the Labor Movement, and Regime Dynamics in Latin America. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Croissant, Aurel. 2018. Civil-Military Relations in Southeast Asia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Croissant, Aurel, and Philip Lorenz. 2018. Comparative Politics of Southeast Asia: An Introduction to Governments and Political Regimes. Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Croissant, Aurel, David Kuehn, and Tanja Eschenauer. 2018. “Mass Protests and the Military.” Journal of Democracy 29 (3): 141-155.
Croissant, Aurel, David Kuehn, Philip Lorenz, and Paul W. Chambers. 2013. Democratization and Civilian Control in Asia. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Croissant, Aurel, Tanja Eschenauer, and Jil Kamerling. 2016. “Militaries’ roles in political regimes: introducing the PRM data set.” European Political Science 16 (3): 400-414.
Crouch, Harold. 1978. The Army and Politics in Indonesia. Ithaca: Cornell University.
Dodd, Lawrence, and Calvin Jillison, . 1994. The Dynamics of American Politics: Approaches and Interpretations. Boulder: Westview Press.
Drakeley, Steven. 2005. The History of Indonesia. Westport: Greenwood Press.
Droz-Vincent, Philippe. 2021. Military Politics of the Contemporary Arab World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dzulfaroh, Ahmad Naufal. 2020. Hari ini dalam Sejarah: Soeharto Lengser, Akhir Kisah Orde Baru. May 21. Accessed May 7, 2022. https://www.kompas.com/tren/read/2020/05/21/ 064221665/hari-ini-dalam-sejarah-soeharto-lengser-akhir-kisah-orde-baru?page=all.
Eckstein, Harry, and David E. Apter, . 1963. Comparative Politics. New York: The Free Press.
Farcau, Bruce W. 1996. The Transition to Democracy in Latin America: The Role of the Military. Westport: Praeger Publishers.
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