學術產出-學位論文
文章檢視/開啟
書目匯出
-
題名 中國電動車產業分析
Analysis of China’s EV industry: What lies behind such success?作者 游艾列
Juřík, Aleš貢獻者 冷則剛
Leng, Tse-Kang
游艾列
Aleš Juřík關鍵詞 汽車
電動車
車
策略
中國
Automotive
EV
Car
Strategy
China日期 2023 上傳時間 2-八月-2023 13:45:13 (UTC+8) 摘要 This thesis aimed to analyze China’s electric vehicle industry using the PESTEL framework and SWOT analysis. Additionally, it aimed to establish a theoretical foundation by examining strategic management, forms of economies, companies` ownership, and the automotive industry. The research provided an introduction to the Chinese automotive industry, including its brief history, introduction of main manufacturers, national strategic plans and actions. The analysis revealed that several factors contributed to the outstanding development into China being the market leader. Government efforts, such as subsidies and tax breaks, played a significant role, while forcing foreign entrants to joint ventures with local automakers to transfer technologies. The size of the domestic market and rapid economic growth also played key roles. Furthermore, the government ensured the development of the upstream industry, including battery production and focus on natural resources. Establishing a comprehensive charging network was identified as a crucial element for success too. As China now leads the world in electric car production, the thesis explored the future steps for Chinese automakers. These manufacturers have developed manufacturing capabilities that can potentially surpass Western automakers, particularly in terms of low-cost cars and possibly even technologies. Especially developing countries and Europe present new market opportunities, and some Chinese automakers have ambitious plans even in the US. The findings of this thesis contribute to a foundational understanding of the Chinese EV industry`s development and its current position. Future research could build upon this work. 參考文獻 4. References 4.1. Literature Alkhafaji, Abbass F. Strategic management: formulation, implementation, and control in a dynamic environment. The Haworth Press, 2003: ISBN 0-7890-1810-1 Beretta, Silvio, Berkofsky, Axel, Zhang, Lihong. Understanding China Today: An Exploration of Politics, Economics, Society, and International Relations. Springer, 2017. ISBN 978-3-319-29625-8 Coleman A. O`flaherty, et al. Transport Planning and Traffic Engineering. Elsevier Ltd. 1997. ISBN 978-0-340-66279-3. Chapman, Giles et al. Car: The Definitive Visual History of the Automobile. DK Publishing, 2011. ISBN 978-0-7566-7167-9 Chin, G.T.. China’s Automotive Modernization: The Party-State and Multinational Corporations. Palgrave Macmillan, 2010. ISBN 978-0-230-22060-7 https://www.google.com.tw/books/edition/China_s_Automotive_Modernization/vgWMDAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&printsec=frontcover Daniels, John D. Radebaugh, Lee H. Sullivan, Daniel P. International Business: Environments & Operations. Pearson Education Limited, 2019. ISBN: 978-1-292-21473-3 Davenport, H. Thomas, Leibold, Marius, Voelpel, Sven. Strategic Management in the Innovation Economy. Wiley, 2006. ISBN 3-89578-263-7 Dixit, Avinash K., Nalebuff, Barry J. Thinking Strategically: The Competitive Edge in Business, Politics, and Everyday Life. W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1991. ISBN: 978-0-393-06979-2 Drummond, Graeme, Ensor, John, Ashford, Ruth. Strategic Marketing: Planning and control. Elseiver ltd, 2008. ISBN 978-07506-8271-8. Entrepreneur Media. Start Your Own Business: The only startup book you`ll ever need. Entrepreneur Press, 2015. ISBN: 978-1-61308-300-0 Fred, David. R. Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases. Pearson Education, 2011. ISBN 978-0-13-612098-8 Freedman, Lawrence. Strategy: a history. Oxford University Press, 2013. ISBN 978–0–19–932515–3. Fulcher, James. Capitalism: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2004. ISBN 978-0-19-280218-7 Geddes, Bill. The History and Nature of Capitalism. An Evolving EBook, 2023. Gobetto, Marco. Operations Management in Automotive Industries. Springer, 2014. ISBN 978-94-007-7593-0 Greene, Robert. The 33 Strategies of War. Penguin Books Ltd., 2006. ISBN 1-4295-7706-1. Heilmann, Sebastian. China`s Political System. Rowman & Littlefield, 2017. ISBN 978-1-4422-7736-6 Hiit, Michael A.; Ireland; Duane; Hosskinson, Robert E. Strategic Management. Mason: Thompson. Higher Education, 2007. ISBN 0-324-31694-1 Hill, Charles W.L., Jones, Gareth, R., Schilling, Melissa A. Strategic Management: Theory. Cengage Learning, 2015. ISBN 978-1-285-18449-4. Hussey, David. Strategic Management 1998. Kent: Pergamon Press, 1998. ISBN 0-7506-3849-4. Jiang, Jiuchun, Zhang, Caiping. Fundamentals and Applications of Lithium-ion Batteries in Electric Drive Vehicles. Wiley, 2015. ISBN 978-1-118-41478-1 Khoza, Reuel J, Adam, Mohamed. The Power of Governance: Enhancing the Performance of State-Owned Enterprises. Palgrave Macmillan, 2005. ISBN 978-0-230-00207-4 Lindsay, John R., Cheung, Ming Tai, Severok, Derek S. China and Cybersecurity: Espionage, Strategy, and Politics in the Digital Domain. Oxford University Press, 2015. ISBN 978–0–19–020127–2 Macmillan, Hugh; Tampoe, Mahen. Strategic Management: Process, Content, and Implementation. Oxford University Press, 2001. ISBN 978-0198782292. Naughton, Barry. The Chinese Economy: Transitions and Growth. Cambridge. MIT Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-262-14095-9 Neal, Larry, Williamson, Jeffrey G. Cambridge History of Capitalism Volume 1: The Rise of Capitalism: From Ancient Origins to 1848. Cambridge University Press, 2014. ISBN 978-1-107-01963-8 Neal, Larry, Williamson, Jeffrey G. Cambridge History of Capitalism Volume 2: The Spread of Capitalism: From 1848 to the Present. Cambridge University Press, 2014. 978-1-107-01964-5 OECD. State-Owned Enterprises as Global Competitors A Challenge or an Opportunity? OECD Publishing, 2016. ISBN 978-92-64-26209-6 Olson, K. Aaron, Simerson, B. Keith. Leading with Strategic Thinking: Four ways effective leaders gain insight, drive change, and get results. Wiley, 2015. ISBN 978-1-118-96816-1 Pignataro, Paul. Mergers, Acquisitions, Divestitures, and Other Restructurings: A Practical Guide to Investment Banking and Private Equity. Wiley, 2015. ISBN 978-1-118-90869-3 Rashid, Muhammad H., et al. Modern Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Fuel Cell Vehicles. Taylor and Francis Group, LLC, 2010. ISBN 978-1-4200-5398-2 Ridgley, Stanley K. Strategic Thinking Skills: Course Guidebook. The Great Courses, 2012. Rothaermel, T. Frank. Strategic Management. 2nd edition. McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. ISBN 978-0-07-764506-9. Stuard, Edward F. Capitalism vs. Socialism: Comparing Economic Systems. The Teaching Company, 2018. ISBN 9781629975269 The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. Strategic Management. The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, 2008. ISBN 978-81-8441-050-1. Wotton, Simon. Horne, Terry. Strategic Thinking: A nine step approach to strategy and leadership for managers and marketers. 2010. Kogan Page Limited, 2010. ISBN 978-0-7494-6077-8 4.2. Academic Papers & Reports Berlin, A. Zhang, X. Chen, Y. (2020). Case Study: Electric buses in Shenzhen, China. Biddulph, Sarah. (2018, July). Democratic Centralism and Administration in China. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108347822.008 Bradford, Anu and Bradford, Anu. 2012. Antitrust Law in Global Markets. Elhauge, Einer R., Research Handbook on The Economics of Antitrust Law, Chapter 11 (2012), Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2770703 Chen, Y., Lin Lawell, C.-Y. C., & Wang, Y. (2020). The Chinese automobile industry and government policy. Research in Transportation Economics, 84, 100849. doi: 10.1016/j.retrec.2020.100849 Available at:: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0739885920300457 China Policy. (2017, April). China Going Global: between ambition and capacity. https://policycn.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/2017-Chinas-going-global-strategy.pdf European Chamber of Commerce in China (2017). China Manufacturing 2025: Putting Industrial Policy Ahead of Market Forces. http://docs.dpaq.de/12007-european_chamber_cm2025-en.pdf Gnann, T., T. S. Stephens, Z. Lin, P. Plötz, C. Liu, and J. Brokate. 2018. “What Drives the Market for Plug-in Electric Vehicles? - A Review of International PEV Market Diffusion Models.” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 93: 158–164. Elsevier Ltd. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2018.03.055. Hafsi, Taieb, Martin de Holan, Pablo. The Study of National Strategic Management: A Methodological Discussion. Working Paper 9618. HEC Montreal, Canada and McGill University Montreal, Canada, 1996. Lum, T. (2000). China`s Automobile Industry and WTO Accession (Report No. RS20624). Congressional Research Service. Available at: https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20000707_RS20624_688011e92ea43e598c46f4399d1de7ac478c4871.pdf Holweg, Matthias. Luo, Jianxi. Oliver, Nick. (2005, August). The past, present and future of China’s automotive industry: A value chain perspective. The Cambridge-MIT Institute. Lawrence Susan V. Lee, Mari Y. (2021, November). China’s Political System in Charts: A Snapshot Before the 20th Party Congress. Congressional Research Service. (Report: R46977) Li, Jingqiao. (2021, May). Competitive Analysis of New Energy Vehicle Market in China. MIT Sloan School of Management. https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/139390/Li-Jingqiao-MSMS-Sloan-2021-thesis.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Minzner, Carl. (2011). Countries at the Crossroads. Freedom House. https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/inline_images/ChinaFINAL.pdf Olson, Donald W. Virta, Robert L. Mahdavi, Mahbood. Sangine, Elizabeth S. Fortier, Steven M. (2016). Natural graphite demand and supply - Implications for electric vehicle battery requirements. Geological Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1130/2016.2520(08) Tang, Rachel. "The Rise of China`s Auto Industry and Its Impact on the U.S. Motor Vehicle Industry." Congressional Research Service, 16 Nov. 2009. (report R40924) Available at: https://sgp.fas.org/crs/row/R40924.pdf The PwC Automotive Institute. The automotive industry and climate change: Framework and dynamics of the CO2 (r)evolution. PwC, 2007. IQAir (2021). 2021 World Air Quality Report Region & City PM2.5 Ranking. Retrieved from https://www.iqair.com/world-air-quality-report-2021 The US-China Business Council. (2017, June). China’s 2017 Communist Party Leadership Structure & Transition. https://www.uschina.org/sites/default/files/chinas_2017_communist_party_leadership_structure_transition_updated.pdf Tong, Yungping. (2022, August). India’s Sex Ratio at Birth Begins To Normalize. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2022/08/23/sidebar-sex-ratios-around-the-world/ doi 202.419.4372 Wang, H., Miao, L. (2016). “Going Global Strategy” and Global Talent. In: China Goes Global. Palgrave Macmillan Asian Business Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-57813-6_6. Accessed at: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-137-57813-6_6 Zheng, Jie. (2011, July). Strategic Policies and Demonstration Program of Electric Vehicle in China. University of Wisconsin. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2011.07.006 4.3. Online sources ACEA. (2022, April). Motorisation rates in the EU, by country and vehicle type. Accessed on April 25, 2023 from: https://www.acea.auto/figure/motorisation-rates-in-the-eu-by-country-and-vehicle-type/ Antoniou, Luke. (2022, October). How Shenzhen’s mass EV transition has helped re-shape the city. SmartCitiesWorld. Accessed 30th of April, 2023 from: https://www.smartcitiesworld.net/electric-vehicles/electric-vehicles/how-shenzhens-mass-ev-transition-has-helped-re-shape-the-city-8251 Bake, Mark and Hyvonen, Markus (2011, March). The Emergence of the Chinese Automobile Sector. The Reserve Bank of Australia. Accessed 30th of April, 2023 from: https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/bulletin/2011/mar/4.html Ball, Joshua. (2020, April). The Chinese Communist Party’s Biggest Fears Are Separatism And An Economic Crisis. Global Security Review. Accessed 25th of April, 2023 from: https://globalsecurityreview.com/threats-legitimacy-power-chinese-communist-party/ Baraniuk, Chris. (2022, October). China`s electric car market is booming but can it last? BBC. Accessed 16th of April, 2023 from: https://www.bbc.com/news/business-62825830 BASF. (2019, January). Challenges and opportunities for China’s automotive market. Accessed 8th of April, 2023 from: https://www.basf.com/tw/en/media/BASF-Information/Resources-environment-climate/Challenges-and-opportunities-for-China-automotive-market.html Benetos, Alex. (n.d.). China’s EV Market: Out With Subsidies, In With the Dual Credit System. The China Guys. Accessed 29th of April, 2023 from: https://thechinaguys.com/electric-vehicle-market-transition-dual-credit-system/ Bikales, James. (2023, February). Tesla agrees to open chargers to public amid White House electric vehicle push. Politico. Accessed 17th of April, 2023 from: https://www.politico.com/news/2023/02/15/tesla-chargers-public-electric-vehicles-00082875 Bleakley, Daniel. (2023, March). Legacy auto faces disaster in China with unsellable cars as pollution crunch looms. The Driven. Accessed 28th of April, 2023 from: https://thedriven.io/2023/03/30/legacy-auto-faces-disaster-in-china-with-unsellable-cars-as-pollution-crunch-looms/ Bloomberg (2021, May). Hyperdrive Daily: China`s 846 Carmakers Face a Looming Shakeout. Accessed 2nd of April, 2023 from: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/newsletters/2021-05-31/china-s-846-carmakers-face-a-looming-shakeout-hyperdrive-daily Bruckberger, Hans-Jörg (2022, Dezember). Woraus besteht eigentlich ein Auto? Automotive Fachmedien.Accessed 9th of April, 2023 from: https://www.automotive.at/automotive/woraus-besteht-eigentlich-ein-auto-45022 BYD. (2022, March). BYD History. Accessed 25th of March, 2023 from: https://bydauto.co.nz/news/byd-history Campbell, Charlie. (2017, July). Where Is Alibaba Founder Jack Ma? What the Saga of One of the World`s Richest Men Reveals About China Under Xi Jinping. TIME. Accessed 28th of March, 2023 from: https://time.com/5926062/jack-ma/ Carey, Nick. Lienert, Paul. McFarlane, Sarah. (2023, March). Scratched EV battery? Your insurer may have to junk the whole car. Reuters. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/scratched-ev-battery-your-insurer-may-have-junk-whole-car-2023-03-20/?utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=Newsletter&utm_campaign=Auto-File&utm_term=032023 Carey, Nick. (2023, May). In race for efficient EVs, Mercedes taps F1 team to keep up with Tesla. Reuters. Accessed 12th of May, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/race-efficient-evs-mercedes-taps-f1-team-keep-up-with-tesla-2023-05-02/?utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=Newsletter&utm_campaign=Auto-File&utm_term=050323 Castelvecchi, Davide. (2021, August). Electric cars and batteries: how will the world produce enough? Nature. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02222-1 CEIC. (n.d.). China Number of Registered Vehicles. Accessed on April 25, 2023 from: https://www.ceicdata.com/en/indicator/china/number-of-registered-vehicles#:~:text=China%20Number%20of%20Registered%20Vehicles%20was,319%2C030%2C000%20Unit%20in%20Dec%202022 Central Intelligence Agency. (n.d.). Gini Index coefficient – distribution of family income. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison Columbia University. (n.d.). Guide to Chinese Climate Policy. Accessed 30th of April, 2023 from: https://chineseclimatepolicy.energypolicy.columbia.edu/en/electric-vehicles Congressional Executive Commission on China. (2010, February). China Revises 2004 Auto Policy. Accessed 25th of March, 2023 from:https://www.cecc.gov/publications/commission-analysis/china-revises-2004-auto-policy Corporate Finance Institute (2023, January. Net Importer. https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/economics/net-importer/ Corporate Finance Institute. (2023, January). Command Economy. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/economics/what-is-command-economy/ Che, Chang. (2022, March). Why China’s electric vehicles are all over Europe. The China Project. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://thechinaproject.com/2022/03/04/why-chinas-electric-vehicles-are-all-over-europe/ Chelala, César. (2016, February). China: Language Simplification to Increase Literacy? The Globalist. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://www.theglobalist.com/china-literacy-language-society/ Cheng, Evelyn. (2021, November). Consumers in China pick their 3 favorite electric cars — and only one is Chinese. CNBC. Accessed 16th of April, 2023 from: https://www.cnbc.com/2021/11/03/chinese-consumers-pick-favorite-electric-cars-from-china-us-germany.html Cheng, Evelyn. (2021, August). Hard lesson for U.S. investors: Chinese companies don’t make the rules in China. CNBC. Accessed 25th of March, 2023 from: https://www.cnbc.com/2021/08/19/lobbying-china-firms-cant-influence-government-like-us-companies-do.html Cheng, Evelyn. (2023, January). Upstart Chinese electric car brand delivered more cars than Nio in 2022. CNBC. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.cnbc.com/2023/01/04/upstart-chinese-electric-car-brand-delivered-more-cars-than-nio-in-2022.html#:~:text=Electric%20car%20brand%20Aion%2C%20a,the%20year%20exceeded%2075%2C000%20vehicles Chhabra, Tarun. Doshi, Rush, Haas, Ryan. Kimball, Emilie. (2020, April). Global China: Technology. Brookings.Accessed 26th of March, 2023 from: https://www.brookings.edu/product/global-china-technology/ China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (2021. March). China Sales of Automobile (2004-2020). Accessed 25th of March, 2023 from: http://en.caam.org.cn/Index/show/catid/32/id/1716.html China Daily. (2023, January). SAIC Volkswagen rolls out 26 millionth vehicle. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202301/18/WS63c7b019a31057c47ebaa64a.html China Internet Information Center. (n.d.). "Go Global" Investment Strategy Needed for Chinese Enterprises. Accessed 26th of March, 2023 from: http://www.china.org.cn/english/GS-e/19033.htm China-Britain Business Focus. (2023, January). How did Zhongguancun Become China’s Sillicon Valley? Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://focus.cbbc.org/how-did-zhongguancun-become-chinas-silicon-valley/#.ZE6q6exBw-Q China Power Team. (2017, April). How Well-off is China’s Middle Class? China Power. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://chinapower.csis.org/china-middle-class/ Chou, Yuan. (2013, October). Why did Taiwan lose Tesla? CommonWealth Magazine. Accessed 14th of May, 2023 from: https://english.cw.com.tw/article/article.action?id=490 CMS. (2018, August). Electric Vehicle Regulation and Law in China. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://cms.law/en/int/expert-guides/cms-expert-guide-to-electric-vehicles/china Costello, Mike. (2023, January). GWM sold another million cars last year, 170,000 outside China. Car Expert. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://www.carexpert.com.au/car-news/gwm-sold-another-million-cars-last-year-170000-outside-china Crabtree, Justina. (2018, May). China says it will cut tariffs on some auto parts and vehicles. CNBC. Accessed 25th of March, 2023 from: https://www.cnbc.com/2018/05/22/china-says-it-will-cut-tariffs-on-some-auto-parts-and-vehicles.html Dabla-Norris, Era. Kochhar, Kalpana. Tsounta, Evridiki. (2015, June). Growth’s Secret Weapon: The Poor and the Middle Class. International Monetary Fund. Accessed 25th of March, 2023 from: https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2015/06/15/growths-secret-weapon-the-poor-and-the-middle-class De Guzman (2023, January). China’s Population Is Shrinking—and Graying. Here’s What It Means for the Future. TIME. Accessed 27th of March, 2023 from: https://time.com/6248728/china-population-decline-aging/) Deloitte. (2023, May). 2023 China Consumer Insight and Market Outlook. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://www2.deloitte.com/cn/en/pages/consumer-business/articles/consumer-insight-2023.html Depersio, Greg. (2022, November). Command Economy: Advantages and Disadvantages. Investopedia. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/032515/what-are-advantages-and-disadvantages-command-economy.asp Des Rosiers, Louis. (2021, March). Xpeng confirms new LFP battery for P7 & G3 electric cars. Electrive. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from:https://www.electrive.com/2021/03/02/xpeng-confirms-new-lfp-battery-for-p7-and-g3-electric-cars/ Desai, Pratima. (2022, February). Explainer: Costs of nickel and cobalt used in electric vehicle batteries. Reuters. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/costs-nickel-cobalt-used-electric-vehicle-batteries-2022-02-03/ Doshi, Rush. (2021, August). The Long Game: China’s grand strategy to displace American order. Brookings Accessed on April 22, 2023 from:. https://www.brookings.edu/essay/the-long-game-chinas-grand-strategy-to-displace-american-order/REPORTS Doyon, Jérôme. (2021, January). Influence without Ownership: the Chinese Communist Party Targets the Private Sector. Institut Montaigne. Accessed on April 25, 2023 from: https://www.institutmontaigne.org/en/expressions/influence-without-ownership-chinese-communist-party-targets-private-sector Du, Juan. (2018, June). Beijing takes aim at congestion, pollution with new car limits. China Daily. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201806/16/WS5b244a9fa310010f8f59d4a0.html Dukach, Dagny. (2022, October). Understanding the Rise of Tech in China. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2022/09/understanding-the-rise-of-tech-in-china European Commission. (n.d.). Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/sectors/automotive-industry/vehicle-categories_en Economist. (2019, July). China’s Silicon Valley is transforming China, but not yet the world. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://www.economist.com/china/2019/07/11/chinas-silicon-valley-is-transforming-china-but-not-yet-the-world?utm_medium=cpc.adword.pd&utm_source=google&ppccampaignID=17210591673&ppcadID=&utm_campaign=a.22brand_pmax&utm_content=conversion.direct-response.anonymous&gclid=CjwKCAjwo7iiBhAEEiwAsIxQEfqPJT282NXbjtf6UImpbZizGUvxgju8-HTOcgDAI-Dq2Sy0t-w8LxoCtbIQAvD_BwE&gclsrc=aw.ds European Commission (n.d.). Automotive Industry. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/sectors/automotive-industry_en Eckert, Vera. (2022, December). Renewables provide 46.9% of power used in Germany in 2022. Reuters. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/sustainable-business/renewables-provide-469-power-used-germany-2022-2022-12-16/ European Foresight Platform. (n.d.) SWOT Analysis. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: http://foresight-platform.eu/community/forlearn/how-to-do-foresight/methods/analysis/swot-analysis/#:~:text=You%20should%20use%20SWOT%20analysis%20if%3A&text=You%20need%20to%20identify%20the,%2C%20region%2C%20country%2C%20etc.&text=You%20need%20to%20identify%20what,%2C%20region%2C%20country%2C%20etc European Parliament. (2022, November). EU ban on the sale of new petrol and diesel cars from 2035 explained. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/headlines/economy/20221019STO44572/eu-ban-on-sale-of-new-petrol-and-diesel-cars-from-2035-explained European Union. (n.d.). SWOT (Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats). Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://europa.eu/capacity4dev/evaluation_guidelines/book/29932/print#:~:text=SWOT%20analysis%20can%20be%20used,situation%20described%20in%20the%20analysis EV Box. (2022, December). How far can an electric car go on one charge? [2023 updated]. Accessed on 2023 29th of March from: https://blog.evbox.com/far-electric-car-range Farrer, Martin (2022, September). A Ponzi scheme by any other name: the bursting of China’s property bubble. The Guardian. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2022/sep/25/china-property-bubble-evergrande-group Flannery, Russel. (2022, November). Plugged In: BYD’s Wang Chuanfu Explains How China’s No. 1 EV Maker Caught Up With Tesla. Forbes. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/russellflannery/2022/11/09/plugged-in-byds-wang-chuanfu-explains-how-chinas-no-1-ev-maker-caught-up-with-tesla/?sh=39a6b0c8728b Forbes. Li Xiang. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.forbes.com/profile/li-xiang-1/?sh=378e867a3709 Frankenfield, Jake. (20213, March). What Is Middle Class Income? The Latest Numbers Available. Investopedia. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/0912/which-income-class-are-you.aspx Frangoul, Anmar (2022, November). China ‘played a great game’ on lithium and we’ve been slow to react, industry CEO says. CNBC. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.cnbc.com/2022/11/23/china-played-a-great-game-on-lithium-and-weve-been-slow-to-react-ceo.html GAC. About us. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.gac.com.cn/en/about Gao, Von Paul. Kaas, Hans-Werner. Mohr, Detlev. (2016, January). Automotive revolution – perspective towards 2030. McKinsey & Company. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/automotive-and-assembly/our-insights/disruptive-trends-that-will-transform-the-auto-industry/de-DE Garside, M. (2023, February). Major countries in worldwide graphite production 2022. Statista. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/267366/world-graphite-production/ Garside, M. (2022, June). Global manganese mine production 2021, by country. Statista. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1244066/global-manganese-production-volume-by-country/ Garside, M. (2023, March). Global distribution of nickel production by country 2021. Statista. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/603621/global-distribution-of-nickel-mine-production-by-select-country/ Global Times. (2021, July). Living in China’s technological miracle. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202107/1230033.shtml Global Times. (2022, May). China establishes world`s largest higher education system with 240 million college graduates. Global Times. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202205/1265868.shtml GlobeNewsWire (2022, November). Global Rubber Market to Exceed Valuation of $65.73 Billion by 2028 | Thailand, Indonesia, China, and South Korea Produces More than 43% of Rubber. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.globenewswire.com/en/news-release/2022/11/17/2558089/0/en/Global-Rubber-Market-to-Exceed-Valuation-of-65-73-Billion-by-2028-Thailand-Indonesia-China-and-South-Korea-Produces-More-than-43-of-Rubber.html#:~:text=China%20is%20the%20largest%20producer%20in%20the%20global%20synthetic%20rubber,a%20CAGR%20of%20over%209.7%25 Gokmen, Mufit Yilmaz (2023, January). Chinese dominance in the European EV market: Is it happening? Global Fleet. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://www.globalfleet.com/en/manufacturers/global/features/chinese-dominance-european-ev-market-it-happening?t%5B0%5D=Electrification&curl=1 Golldenziel, Jill. (2023, February). Chinese Communist Party Demands Employees At Western Firm Show Their Support. Forbes. Accessed on April 25, 2023 from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/jillgoldenziel/2023/02/27/chinese-communist-party-demands-employees-at-western-firm-show-their-support/?sh=3032c9c43804 Goldman Sachs. (2023, February). China may reach energy self-sufficiency by 2060 Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/pages/china-may-reach-energy-self-sufficiency-by-2060.html Guoping, Luo. Ruohong, Fan. Wei, Han (2022, September). China`s steel industry at a crossroads as long winter looms. NIKKEI Asia. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Caixin/China-s-steel-industry-at-a-crossroads-as-long-winter-looms Great Wall Motors. Main page. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.gwm-global.com/global.html Great Wall Motors. (2023. January). Focusing on New Energy, GWM Achieves Sales of Over One Million in 2022. Accessed on 2023 25th of March: https://www.gwm-global.com/news/3402473.html#:~:text=GWM%20just%20released%20the%20latest,year%2C%20hitting%20a%20record%20high Green Car Congress. (2022, October). Top 10 EV battery manufacturers all Asian companies; China accounts for 56% of market, Korea 26% and Japan 10%. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.greencarcongress.com/2022/10/20221009-evbatteryshare.html Hamlin, Katrina. (2016, September). China’s car scam shows best and worst of subsidies. Reuters. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://jp.reuters.com/article/idUS85845222420160915 Hampel, Carrie. (2022, January). Battery reuse & recycling expand to scale in China. Electrive. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://www.electrive.com/2022/01/29/battery-reuse-recycling-expands-to-scale-in-china/ Harrison, Virginia. Palumbo, Daniele. (2019, October). China anniversary: How the country became the world`s `economic miracle’. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from:https://www.bbc.com/news/business-49806247 He, Laura. (2016, September). Crackdown on electric-vehicle subsidy cheats expected to favour industry leaders. SCMP. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://www.scmp.com/business/companies/article/2019315/crackdown-electric-vehicle-subsidy-cheats-expected-favour He, Laura. (2023, January). Tesla cuts prices in China for the second time in three months as demand slows. CNN.Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://edition.cnn.com/2023/01/06/economy/tesla-china-price-cut-slowdown-intl-hnk/index.html Hill, Joshua S. (2021, April). China dominates rollout of EV charging stations – 4,000 a day in December. The Driven. Accessed on April 15, 2023 from: https://thedriven.io/2021/04/20/china-dominates-rollout-of-ev-charging-stations-4000-a-day-in-december/ Hitachi. (n.d.). What are semiconductors? Accessed 29th of April, 2023 from: https://www.hitachi-hightech.com/global/en/knowledge/semiconductor/room/about/ Hongyang, Cui. (2018, January). China’s New Energy Vehicle Mandate Policy (Final Rule). The International Council on Clean Transportation. Accessed 30th of April, 2023 from: https://theicct.org/publication/chinas-new-energy-vehicle-mandate-policy-final-rule/#:~:text=China%20finalized%20its%20New%20Energy,the%20existing%20fuel%20consumption%20regulation Hongyang, Cui. (2017, May). Subsidy Fraud Leads to Reforms for China’s EV Market. The International Council on Clean Transportation. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://theicct.org/subsidy-fraud-leads-to-reforms-for-chinas-ev-market/#:~:text=In%20China%2C%20subsidies%20are%20paid,users%20to%20receive%20the%20subsidies Hui, Mary (2022, October). Could software be the weak link in China`s electric vehicle dominance? Quartz. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://qz.com/could-software-be-the-weak-link-in-chinas-electric-vehi-1849657343 Hui, Mary. (2022, November). China’s BYD sells more cars—but Tesla makes eight times more profit per vehicle. Quartz. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://qz.com/china-s-byd-sells-more-cars-but-tesla-makes-eight-times-1849771729 Igini, Martina. (2023, March). Top 5 Environmental Issues in China in 2023. Earth.org. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://earth.org/environmental-issues-in-china/ Igini, Martina. (2023, March). China Approved Record Number of Coal Plants in 2022, Highest Since 2015: Report Earth.org. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://earth.org/china-coal-plants/ Interesse, Giulia. (2022, September). China Considers Extending its EV Subsidies to 2023 (updated). China Briefing. Accessed 29th of April, 2023 from: https://www.china-briefing.com/news/china-considers-extending-its-ev-subsidies-to-2023/ International Monetary Fund (n.d.). GDP per capita, current prices. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDPDPC@WEO/WEOWORLD/DEU/CHN/USA International Monetary Fund (n.d.). Real GDP growth. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDP_RPCH@WEO/WEOWORLD/CHN/DEU/USA IQAir. (n.d.) Air Quality in China. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.iqair.com/china Jaghory, Dillon. (2022, February). China Sector Analysis: Energy. Global X. Accessed on April 25, 2023 from: https://www.globalxetfs.com/china-sector-analysis-energy/ Kane, Mark. XPeng EV Sales Returned To A Five-Digit Result In December 2022. Inside EVs. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://insideevs.com/news/628910/xpeng-ev-sales-december2022/ Kang, Lei. (2023, March). Beijing to renew trade-in subsidies that encourage NEV purchases. CNEV Post. Accessed 30th of April, 2023 from: https://cnevpost.com/2023/03/01/beijing-to-renew-subsidies-encourage-nev-purchases/ Kang, Soon Chen (2020, October). China aims for EVs to account for 50% of all car sales by 2035. S&P Global. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/china-aims-for-evs-to-account-for-50-of-all-car-sales-by-2035-60954964 Kawakami, Takashi. (2023, February). China`s BYD poised to vie with Tesla in luxury EV market. Nikkei Asia. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Electric-cars-in-China/China-s-BYD-poised-to-vie-with-Tesla-in-luxury-EV-market?utm_campaign=IC_asia_daily_free&utm_medium=email&utm_source=NA_newsletter&utm_content=article_link Kelly, Lauren. (2023, February). Top 10 Cobalt Producers by Country (Updated 2023). Investing News. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://investingnews.com/where-is-cobalt-mined/ Kurmayer, Nikolaus J. (2023, January). Germany’s green energy transition enters make-or-break year. Euractiv. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/news/germanys-green-energy-transition-enters-make-or-break-year/ LaRocco, Lori Ann. (2022, October). China, ‘factory of the world,’ is losing more of its manufacturing and export dominance, latest data shows. CNBC. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.cnbc.com/2022/10/20/china-factory-of-the-world-is-losing-its-manufacturing-dominance.html Li Auto. Investors Overview. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://ir.lixiang.com/ Li, Jing (2018, September). Does the Chinese public care about climate change? China Dialogue. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://chinadialogue.net/en/climate/10831-does-the-chinese-public-care-about-climate-change/ Lindsay, Maizland. (2021, May). China’s Fight Against Climate Change and Environmental Degradation. Council on Foreign Relations.Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/china-climate-change-policies-environmental-degradation Liu, Siyi. Patton, Dominique (2023, January). China`s 2022 aluminium output hits record high of 40.21 mln tonnes. Reuters. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/chinas-2022-aluminium-output-hits-record-high-4021-mln-tonnes-2023-01-17/ Ling. (2022, November). Chinese battery makers are setting up in Europe Business & Technology. The China Project. April 22, 2023 from: https://thechinaproject.com/2022/11/11/chinese-battery-makers-are-setting-up-in-europe/ Los Angeles Times. (1994, July). China. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-07-11-fi-14353-story.html Lu, Jieyi. (2018, February). Comparing U.S. and Chinese Electric Vehicle Policies. Environmental and Energy Study Institute. Accessed 30th of April, 2023 from: https://www.eesi.org/articles/view/comparing-u.s.-and-chinese-electric-vehicle-policies Magnus, G, Eswar Prasad, Quian, Nancy, Zhang, Angela Huyue (2022, June). Is China’s Economic Miracle Over?. Project Syndicate. https://www.project-syndicate.org/onpoint/is-china-s-economic-miracle-over?barrier=accesspaylog Mandal, Soumen. (2023, March). One in Four Cars Sold in China in 2022 Was an EV With BYD Powering Country’s Outperformance. Counterpoint. Accessed 28th of April, 2023 from: https://www.counterpointresearch.com/china-ev-sales-2022/#:~:text=China%20was%20the%20second%20fastest,the%20global%20EV%20sales%20volume Mandal, Soumen. (2023, February). China EV Market in 2022 Counterpoint One in Four Cars Sold in China in 2022 Was an EV With BYD Powering Country’s Outperformance. Counterpoint. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://www.counterpointresearch.com/china-ev-sales-2022/ Manganese X Energy Corp. Manganese, a substitute for lithium-ion batteries? Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://www.manganesexenergycorp.com/manganese-a-substitute-for-lithium-ion-batteries/ Martin, Roger. L. (2021, February). It’s Time to Replace the Public Corporation. Harvard Business Review. Accessed 14th of May, 2023 from: hbr.org/2021/01/its-time-to-replace-the-public-corporation Master Class. (2021, June). What Is a Public Company? How Public Companies Work. Accessed 14th of May, 2023 from: https://www.masterclass.com/articles/public-company-guide Mathur, Manish. (2013, September). The contribution of the automobile industry to technology and value creation. Kearney. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.es.kearney.com/automotive/article/-/insights/the-contribution-of-the-automobile-industry-to-technology-and-value-creation McBride, James. Chatzky, Andrew. (2019, May). Is ‘Made in China 2025’ a Threat to Global Trade? Council on Foreign Relations. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/made-china-2025-threat-global-trade#:~:text=Released%20in%202015%2C%20Made%20in,developing%20ten%20high%2Dtech%20industries McDee, Max. (2022, December). GAC Aion teases Hyper GT - second model under Hyper brand. Arena EV. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.arenaev.com/gac_aion_teases_hyper_gt__second_model_under_hyper_brand-news-1213.php#:~:text=GAC%20Aion%20introduced%20its%20new,SSR%20in%20two%20different%20configurations McGregor, Richard. (2019, July). How the state runs business in China. The Guardian. Accessed on April 25, 2023 from: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/25/china-business-xi-jinping-communist-party-state-private-enterprise-huawei Mengnan, Jian. (2023, January). China ends electric vehicle subsidies. China Dialogue. Accessed 29th of April, 2023 from: https://chinadialogue.net/en/digest/china-ends-electric-vehicle-subsidies/ Meredith, Sam. (2023, March). China’s energy transition sees ‘staggering’ progress on renewables — and a coal power boom. CNBC. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.cnbc.com/2023/03/08/energy-chinas-renewables-progress-comes-alongside-a-coal-power-boom.html Mir, Affan. (2022, December). 10 Countries with the Largest Nickel Reserves in the World. Yahoo Finance. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://finance.yahoo.com/news/10-countries-largest-nickel-reserves-171432925.html Momota, Kenji. (2016). Tesla`s original connection to Taiwan and the new transportation system technologies. Furuno. Accessed 14th of May, 2023 from: https://www.furuno.com/en/its/articles/20160420/ Morris, Charles. (2018, February). Ruining it for everyone department: China cuts EV subsidies in response to fraud. Charged. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://chargedevs.com/newswire/ruining-it-for-everyone-department-china-cuts-ev-subsidies-in-response-to-fraud/ Najafazada, Eltaf. Pradhan, Bibhudatta. (2023, April). India Passes China as World’s Most Populous Nation, UN Says. Bloomberg. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-04-19/india-surpasses-china-as-world-s-most-populous-nation-un-says#xj4y7vzkg National Geographic. (n.d.). Global Warming. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/global-warming/ National Geographic. (n.d.). Noise Pollution. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/noise-pollution/ Ni, Vincent (2021, July). ‘Poverty divides us’: gap between rich and poor poses threat to China. The Guardian. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jul/01/xi-jinping-gap-between-rich-and-poor-poses-biggest-threat-to-china NIKKEI. (2023, March). Japan to restrict chipmaking equipment exports, with eye on China. Accessed 28th of April, 2023 from: https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Tech/Semiconductors/Japan-to-restrict-chipmaking-equipment-exports-with-eye-on-China?utm_campaign=IC_asia_daily_free&utm_medium=email&utm_source=NA_newsletter&utm_content=article_link&del_type=1&pub_date=20230331123000&seq_num=3&si=b5c9dab2-d084-424b-b10b-f73d6a506509 Nio. (2023, January). NIO Inc. Provides December, Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2022 Delivery Update. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from:https://ir.nio.com/news-events/news-releases/news-release-details/nio-inc-provides-december-fourth-quarter-and-full-1#:~:text=high%20quarterly%20deliveries.-,NIO%20delivered%20122%2C486%20vehicles%20in%202022%20in%20total%2C%20increasing%20by,%25%20year%2Dover%2Dyear Nickel Institute. (n.d.). About Nickel. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://nickelinstitute.org/en/about-nickel-and-its-applications/#:~:text=Australia%2C%20Indonesia%2C%20South%20Africa%2C,in%20laterite%2Dtype%20ore%20deposits Nickel Institute. (2022, April). What differentiates China’s EV market from the others? Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://nickelinstitute.org/en/blog/2022/april/what-differentiates-china-s-ev-market-from-the-others/ O’Boyle, Michael. (2023, February). Accelerating Clean Energy In China: Q+A With Expert Jiang Lin. Forbes. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/energyinnovation/2023/02/27/accelerating-clean-energy-in-china-qa-with-expert-jiang-lin/?sh=74d67dec3072 O`Hara, Phoebe. (2023, January). Slowdown in China EV sales expected as subsidies end. Fastmarkets. https://www.fastmarkets.com/insights/slowdown-in-china-ev-sales-expected Placek (2022, September). Leading passenger vehicle producers worldwide 2020. Statista. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/277055/global-market-share-of-regions-on-auto-production Okinaga, Shoya. (2022, April). Japan battery material producers lose spark as China races ahead. Nikkei Asia. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Materials/Japan-battery-material-producers-lose-spark-as-China-races-ahead2#selection-2549.353-2557.282 Oung, Valencia. (2021, April). Taiwan’s EV Supply Chain Cranks into High Gear. American Camber of Commerce in Taiwan. ccessed 14th of May, 2023 from: https://topics.amcham.com.tw/2021/04/taiwan-ev-supply-chain-cranks-into-high-gear/ Pappas, Thanos. (2022, November). Electric Cars Are Affordable In China, But Remain Quite Expensive In Europe And The US. Car Scoops. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.carscoops.com/2022/11/evs-are-affordable-in-china-but-remain-quite-expensive-in-europe-and-the-us/ Peng, Liangui. Li, Ying. (2022, June). Policy Evolution of Chinese New Energy Vehicle Industry. Scholarly Community Encyclopedia. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/24564 Poonpatpibul, Chaipat. Yong Foo, Suan. (2019, March). From Shanghai to Gansu: Growing Regional Disparities in China – Causes and Remedies. Asean Macroeconomic Research Office. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://www.amro-asia.org/from-shanghai-to-gansu-growing-regional-disparities-in-china-causes-and-remedies/ Porsche. (2022, 12). eFuels pilot plant in Chile officially opened. Porsche Newsroom. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/2022/company/porsche-highly-innovative-fuels-hif-opening-efuels-pilot-plant-haru-oni-chile-synthetic-fuels-30732.html PwC. (n.d.). Electric vehicles and the charging infrastructure: a new mindset? Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.pwc.com/us/en/industries/industrial-products/library/electric-vehicles-charging-infrastructure.html#:~:text=In%20practice%2C%20the%20stand%2Dalone,likely%2C%20add%20another%20site%20nearby QS University Ranking. (n.d.) QS World University Rankings by Subject 2023: Engineering & Technology. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/university-subject-rankings/2023/engineering-technology?&page=0 Ren, Daniel. (2021, November). China’s ‘dual-credit’ policy that spurred the EV sector will be revised in bid to ensure high quality growth. SCMP. Accessed 29th of April, 2023 from: https://www.scmp.com/business/china-business/article/3157570/chinas-dual-credit-policy-spurred-ev-sector-will-be-revised Ren, Daniel. (2023, March). Beijing and Xian are latest Chinese cities to offer cash subsidies on EV purchases, after price cuts by carmakers fail to drive up sales. SCMP. Accessed 30th of April, 2023 from: https://www.scmp.com/business/china-business/article/3214438/beijing-and-xian-latest-chinese-cities-offer-cash-subsidies-ev-purchases-after-price-cuts-carmakers Ren, Daniel. (2023, January). BYD beats Tesla in 2022 EV sales, as the world’s No 1 electric car seller vindicated Warren Buffett’s bet. South China Morning Post. Retrieved on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.scmp.com/business/china-business/article/3205388/byd-beats-tesla-2022-ev-sales-worlds-no-1-electric-car-seller-vindicated-warren-buffetts-bet Ren, Daniel. (2023, January). Who powers the world’s EVs? China has 6 of the top 10 EV battery makers with 60 per cent market share, led by CATL and Warren Buffett-backed BYD. South China Morning Post. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.scmp.com/business/china-business/article/3205675/who-powers-worlds-evs-china-has-6-top-10-ev-battery-makers-60-cent-market-share-led-catl-and-warren Reuters. (2023, March). BYD downplays China price war impact after Q4 profit jumps. Reuters. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/byd-posts-11-fold-jump-q4-pr ofit-filing-2023-03-28/?utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=Newsletter&utm_campaign=Auto-File&utm_term=032923 Rosevear, John. (2022, March). Nickel’s price surge could threaten automakers’ ambitious electric-vehicle plans. CNBC. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://www.cnbc.com/2022/03/08/nickel-price-surge-could-threaten-automakers-ev-plans.html Ross, Sean (2022, August). The 3 Industries Driving China`s Economy. Investopedia. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/091515/3-industries-driving-chinas-economy.asp Safeguard Global. (2020, December). Top 10 manufacturing countries in the world. https://www.safeguardglobal.com/resources/blog/top-10-manufacturing-countries-in-the-world SAIC. About us. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.saicmotor.com/english/company_profile/about_us/index.shtml Schoff, James L. Ito, Asei. (2019, October). Competing With China on Technology and Innovation. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://carnegieendowment.org/2019/10/10/competing-with-china-on-technology-and-innovation-pub-80010 Schonhard, Sara. (2023, January). China Invests $546 Billion in Clean Energy, Far Surpassing the U.S. Scientific American. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/china-invests-546-billion-in-clean-energy-far-surpassing-the-u-s/ Sebastian, Gregor. Chimits, Francois. (2022, May). "Made in China" electric vehicles could turn Sino-EU trade on its head. MERITS. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://merics.org/en/comment/made-china-electric-vehicles-could-turn-sino-eu-trade-its-head Semiconductor Industry Association. (2022, January). China’s Share of Global Chip Sales Now Surpasses Taiwan’s, Closing in on Europe’s and Japan’s. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.semiconductors.org/chinas-share-of-global-chip-sales-now-surpasses-taiwan-closing-in-on-europe-and-japan/ Shah, Vivek. (2021, December). Brand overview: Nio. Car Expert. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.carexpert.com.au/car-news/brand-overview-nio Shah, Vivek. (2022, March). Brand overview: Li Auto. Car Expert. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.carexpert.com.au/car-news/brand-overview-li-auto Shepardson, David. (2023, March). One-third of Americans would consider EV purchase - Reuters/Ipsos poll. Reuters. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/technology/one-third-americans-would-consider-ev-purchase-reutersipsos-poll-2023-03-21/?utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=Newsletter&utm_campaign=Auto-File&utm_term=032223 Shih, Yi-Jun. Hu, Yu-Hsuan. Chao, Yi-Meng. Huang, Hui-Tzu. (2022, October). Can Taiwan Do it? A Comparison of Electric Vehicle Policies in Various Countries. National Taiwan University, Risk Society and Policy Research Center. Accessed 12th of May, 2023 from: https://rsprc.ntu.edu.tw/en/m01-2/energy-transition/open-energy-en/1733-e-vehicle-1027.html Shoolman, Alex. (2019. The future of legacy car manufacturers. The Driven. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://thedriven.io/2019/09/09/the-future-of-legacy-car-manufacturers/ Shuo, Zou. (2022, May). More Chinese receive higher education. China Daily. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://global.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202205/18/WS628447b5a310fd2b29e5d58d.html Sickels, David. (2022, August). China has 65% of public EV charging stations worldwide. The Buzz News. Accessed on April 14, 2023 from https://www.thebuzzevnews.com/china-public-ev-charging-stations/ Smart Cities Dive. (n.d.). Electric Vehicles in Taiwan. Accessed 14th of May, 2023 from: https://www.smartcitiesdive.com/ex/sustainablecitiescollective/electric-vehicles-taiwan/23760/ South China Morning Post (n.d.). US-China Trade War. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.scmp.com/knowledge/topics/us-china-trade-war/news Sriram, Akash. Jin, Hyunjoo. (2023, April). Musk says Tesla will put sales growth ahead of profit. Reuters. Accessed 28th of April, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/tesla-reports-quarterly-margin-below-estimates-2023-04-19/?utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=Newsletter&utm_campaign=Auto-File&utm_term=042123 StarCarSifu. (2023, January). China has a €10,000 cost advantage in small EVs, says auto supplier. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.carsifu.my/news/china-has-a-e10000-cost-advantage-in-small-evs-says-auto-supplier Statista Research Department (2023, March). China`s share in worldwide crude steel production from 2010 to 2021. Statista. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/448874/china-share-in-worldwide-crude-steel-production/#:~:text=China%27s%20share%20in%20worldwide%20crude%20steel%20production%202010%2D2021&text=In%202021%2C%20China%20produced%2052.9,was%201%2C951%20million%20metric%20tons Statista Research Department (2023, January). Share of global plastic materials produced in China from 2014 to 2021. Statista. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1247211/plastics-production-share-of-china/#:~:text=In%202021%2C%20China%20accounted%20for,the%20world%27s%20largest%20plastic%20producer Statista Research Department. (2023, March). China: public electric vehicle charging pile number 2010-2022. Accessed on April 14, 2023 from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/993121/china-public-electric-vehicle-charging-station-number/ Statista Research Department. (2023, February). Intentions to buy an electric car in China 2019. Statista. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1028620/china-attitudes-towards-purchasing-an-electric-car/ Statista Research Department. (2022, August). Manufacturing labor costs per hour: China, Vietnam, Mexico 2016-2020. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/744071/manufacturing-labor-costs-per-hour-china-vietnam-mexico/ Stauffer, Nancy W. (2021, April). China’s transition to electric vehicles. MIT News. Accessed 30th of April, 2023 from: https://news.mit.edu/2021/chinas-transition-electric-vehicles-0429 St. John, Alexa. (2023, January). China doesn`t need to sell a single car in the US to dominate the American electric car market. Business Insider. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.businessinsider.com/china-united-states-electric-vehicle-market-share-auto-brands-pricing-2023-1 S&P Global. (2023, January). EV Chargers: How many do we need? Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://press.spglobal.com/2023-01-09-EV-Chargers-How-many-do-we-need#:~:text=9%2C%202023%20%2FPRNewswire%2F%20%2D%2D,system%20to%20support%20our%20transportation Tabeta, Sunshuke (2020, October). China plans to phase out conventional gas-burning cars by 2035. NIKKEI Asia. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Automobiles/China-plans-to-phase-out-conventional-gas-burning-cars-by-2035 Taylor, Michael. (2021, December). Foreign Investment Walls Come Down On Auto Fortress China. Forbes. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaeltaylor/2021/12/27/foreign-investment-walls-come-down-on-auto-fortress-china/?sh=18976d9516fe Tehran Times. (2009, September). China 2009 vehicle sales may rise 28% on stimulus, pass U.S. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/202640/China-2009-vehicle-sales-may-rise-28-on-stimulus-pass-U-S Tewari, Suranjana and Josephs, Jonathan (2022, December). US-China chip war: How the technology dispute is playing out. BBC. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.bbc.com/news/business-63995570 Textor, C. (2021, March). Ratio of residents living below the extreme poverty line in China 2000-2020. Statista. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from:https://www.statista.com/statistics/1086836/china-poverty-ratio/ Textor, C. (2023, February). Urbanization in China 1980-2022. Statista. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/270162/urbanization-in-china/ The Economist. (2015, October). Why China`s five-year plans are so important. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2015/10/26/why-chinas-five-year-plans-are-so-important?gclid=CjwKCAjwue6hBhBVEiwA9YTx8L9zlSRXhhg8wLzgbMTJAjKCXi8CrgXfiyEQ0z2Xoofkg2i6p1e5mxoC6xwQAvD_BwE&gclsrc=aw.ds The Economist. (2021, March). What is China’s five-year plan? Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2021/03/04/what-is-chinas-five-year-plan The Guardian. (2010, January). China overtakes US as world`s biggest car market. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2010/jan/08/china-us-car-sales-overtakes The National People`s Congress of the People`s Republic of China. (2023, March). State Structure of the People’s Republic of China. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: http://www.npc.gov.cn/zgrdw/englishnpc/stateStructure/2007-12/06/content_1382098.htm The State Council of the People’s Republic of China. (2022, February). Nation more energy self-sufficient. Accessed on April 25, 2023 from: http://english.www.gov.cn/news/topnews/202202/15/content_WS620ae42cc6d09c94e48a50dc.html The State Council of the People`s Republic of China. (2022, January). China to further boost electric vehicle charging service. Accessed on April 15, 2023 from: http://english.www.gov.cn/statecouncil/ministries/202201/22/content_WS61eb3b40c6d09c94e48a415d.html The University of Sydney. (n.d.). Company, industry and country information: PESTLE Analysis. Accessed 12th of May, 2023 from: https://libguides.library.usyd.edu.au/market_intelligence/PESTLE#:~:text=What%20is%20PESTLE%3F,a%20new%20business%20or%20industry Tuovila, Alicia. (2021, October). Privately Owned Companies: Key Differences from Public Companies. Investopedia. Accessed 14th of May, 2023 from: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/privately-owned.asp Tyler, Patrick E. (1994, August). China Is Planning a People`s Car. The New York Times. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.nytimes.com/1994/09/22/business/china-is-planning-a-people-s-car.html UBS/PwC (2018, October). UBS/PwC Billionaires Report 2018: Total billionaire wealth grows 19 percent to a record USD 8.9 trillion. UBS. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.ubs.com/global/en/media/display-page-ndp/en-20181026-billionaires-report-2018.html Ulrich, Lawrence. (2022, April). Manganese Could Be the Secret Behind Truly Mass-Market EVs. IEEE Spectrum. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://spectrum.ieee.org/manganese-ev-batteries United Nations. (n.d.). Causes and Effects of Climate Change. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/causes-effects-climate-change United Nations. (n.d.). The Paris Agreement. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/paris-agreement United Nations Development Program (n.d.). About China. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.undp.org/china/about-china U.S. Department of Transportation. (2022, February). Electric Vehicle Charging Speeds. Accessed on 2023 29th of March from: https://www.transportation.gov/rural/ev/toolkit/ev-basics/charging-speeds U.S. Department of Energy. (n.d.). Hybrid Electric Vehicles. Accessed 29th of April, 2023 from: https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/electric_basics_hev.html U.S. Department of Energy. (2014, September). The History of the Electric Car. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://www.energy.gov/articles/history-electric-car#:~:text=Here%20in%20the%20U.S.%2C%20the,spark%20interest%20in%20electric%20vehicles U.S. Embassy in Georgia (2020, November). China’s Air Pollution Harms its Citizens and the World. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://ge.usembassy.gov/chinas-air-pollution-harms-its-citizens-and-the-world/#:~:text=An%20estimated%201.24%20million%20people,according%20to%20New%20Scientist%20magazine U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2023, January). Increasing renewables likely to reduce coal and natural gas generation over next two years. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=55239#:~:text=The%20U.S.%20electric%20power%20sector,about%20143%20GW%20of%20capacity Van Wyk, Barry. (2022, August). China has about 10 million electric cars and way too few charging stations. The China Project. Accessed on April 15, 2023 from: https://thechinaproject.com/2022/08/17/china-has-about-ten-million-electric-cars-and-way-too-few-charging-stations/ Venditti, Bruno. (2022, October). The Top 10 EV Battery Manufacturers in 2022. Visual Capitalist. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.visualcapitalist.com/the-top-10-ev-battery-manufacturers-in-2022/ Volkswagen Group. (n.d.) Electric cars are significant contributors to climate protection. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://www.volkswagenag.com/en/news/stories/2020/03/lithium-mining-what-you-should-know-about-the-contentious-issue.html# Wacket, Markus. (2023, March). Exclusive: EU drafts plan to allow e-fuel combustion engine cars. Reuters. Accessed 28th of April, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/eu-proposes-exception-e-fuel-combustion-engines-2035-2023-03-21/?utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=Newsletter&utm_campaign=Auto-File&utm_term=032223 Wacket, Markus. Wissenbach, Ilona. (2022, October). Germany to spend 6.3 bln euros on push for electric car charging points. Reuters. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/germany-spend-63-bln-euros-push-electric-car-charging-points-2022-10-19/ Waldmann, Scott. (2023, January). Biden ramps up attacks on GOP ahead of likely reelection bid. ClimateWire. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://subscriber.politicopro.com/article/eenews/2023/01/27/biden-ramps-up-attacks-on-gop-ahead-of-likely-reelection-bid-00079796 Wakabayashi, Daisuke. Fu, Claire. (2022, September) In China’s auto market, electric isn’t the future. It’s the present. The Japan Times. Retrieved on 2023, 25th of March from: https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2022/09/27/business/tech/china-auto-market-electric-present/#:~:text=There%20are%2C%20by%20some%20estimates,rival%20Tesla%20and%20German%20automakers. Wang, Lisa. (2022, November). Electric vehicle sales in Taiwan to rise 31% this year: ITRI. Taipei Times. Accessed 14th of May, 2023 from: https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2022/11/08/2003788463 Wells, Wendy. (2023, January). China Data: 2022 power demand growth eases to 3.6% in 2022 from 10.3% a year earlier. S&P Global. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en/market-insights/latest-news/coal/011923-china-data-2022-power-demand-growth-eases-to-36-in-2022-from-103-a-year-earlier Winton, Neil. (2022, December). China’s Electric Car Assault On Europe Will Accelerate In 2023, Then Hit Top Gear-Report. Forbes. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/neilwinton/2022/12/08/chinas-electric-car-assault-on-europe-will-accelerate-in-2023-then-hit-top-gear/?sh=5cef3a339394 Worldata. The largest countries of the world. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.worlddata.info/the-largest-countries.php Xinhua. (2023, January). China`s EV charging points see rapid expansion in 2022. The State Council Information Office, The People’s Republic of China. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: http://english.scio.gov.cn/pressroom/2023-01/19/content_85067515.htm Yang, Zeyi. (2021, September). How China’s quasi-carbon market for electric vehicles works. Protocol. Accessed 30th of April, 2023 from: https://www.protocol.com/china/dual-credit-policy Yang, Zeyi (2023, February). How did China come to dominate the world of electric cars? MIT Technology Review. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.technologyreview.com/2023/02/21/1068880/how-did-china-dominate-electric-cars-policy/#:~:text=This%20is%20why%20the%20benefits,to%20build%20EV%20factories%20there Yeung, Jessie (2023, January). China’s population is shrinking. The impact will be felt around the world. CNN. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://edition.cnn.com/2023/01/18/china/china-population-drop-explainer-intl-hnk/index.html Yong, Nicholas. (2023, January). Industrial espionage: How China sneaks out America`s technology secrets. BBC.Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-64206950 Yue Li, Yvonne. (2022, August). Graphite in EV Batteries Creates Conundrum Under US Climate Bill. Bloomberg. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-16/graphite-in-ev-batteries-creates-conundrum-under-us-climate-bill?leadSource=uverify%20wall#xj4y7vzkg Zhang, Yan. Goh, Brenda. (2023, February). China car sales plunge 38% in January as subsidies, tax cut end. Reuters. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/china-car-sales-plunge-38-january-subsidies-tax-cut-end-2023-02-08/ Zhang, Yan. Goh, Brenda. (2023, January). Tesla, EV rivals absorb costs after China pulls plug on subsidy. Reuters. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/tesla-ev-rivals-absorb-costs-after-china-pulls-plug-subsidy-2023-01-05/ Zhang, Yan. Goh, Brenda. (2023, February). EV maker Nio to build 1,000 battery-swap stations in China in 2023. Reuters. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/technology/chinese-ev-maker-nio-build-1000-battery-swap-stations-2023-2023-02-21/ Zheng, Xin (2022, February). China`s oil dependence on imports sees drop. China Daily.Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://english.www.gov.cn/news/topnews/202202/24/content_WS6216e221c6d09c94e48a569e.html Zheng, March. (2023, January). The State of the US Renewable Energy Market: A Preliminary Analysis for 2022. Earth.org Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://earth.org/us-renewable-energy-market/ Zhu, Vincent. (2020, October). What to Expect from China’s New Five-Year Plan. Rhodium Group. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://rhg.com/research/five-year-plan/ Zhu, Julie. (2022, December). Exclusive: China readying $143 billion package for its chip firms in face of U.S. curbs. Reuters. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/technology/china-plans-over-143-bln-push-boost-domestic-chips-compete-with-us-sources-2022-12-13/ Zipser, Daniel. Hui, Daniel. Zhou, Jia. Zhang, Cherie. (2022, December). Five trends are reshaping China’s consumer market. McKinsey. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://www.mckinsey.com/cn/our-insights/our-insights/2023-mckinsey-china-consumer-report 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
國際經營管理英語碩士學位學程(IMBA)
110933044資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110933044 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 冷則剛 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Leng, Tse-Kang en_US dc.contributor.author (作者) 游艾列 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) Aleš Juřík en_US dc.creator (作者) 游艾列 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Juřík, Aleš en_US dc.date (日期) 2023 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-八月-2023 13:45:13 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-八月-2023 13:45:13 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-八月-2023 13:45:13 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0110933044 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/146492 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國際經營管理英語碩士學位學程(IMBA) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 110933044 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) This thesis aimed to analyze China’s electric vehicle industry using the PESTEL framework and SWOT analysis. Additionally, it aimed to establish a theoretical foundation by examining strategic management, forms of economies, companies` ownership, and the automotive industry. The research provided an introduction to the Chinese automotive industry, including its brief history, introduction of main manufacturers, national strategic plans and actions. The analysis revealed that several factors contributed to the outstanding development into China being the market leader. Government efforts, such as subsidies and tax breaks, played a significant role, while forcing foreign entrants to joint ventures with local automakers to transfer technologies. The size of the domestic market and rapid economic growth also played key roles. Furthermore, the government ensured the development of the upstream industry, including battery production and focus on natural resources. Establishing a comprehensive charging network was identified as a crucial element for success too. As China now leads the world in electric car production, the thesis explored the future steps for Chinese automakers. These manufacturers have developed manufacturing capabilities that can potentially surpass Western automakers, particularly in terms of low-cost cars and possibly even technologies. Especially developing countries and Europe present new market opportunities, and some Chinese automakers have ambitious plans even in the US. The findings of this thesis contribute to a foundational understanding of the Chinese EV industry`s development and its current position. Future research could build upon this work. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 1 1.1. Aim of this thesis and methodology 2 1.1.1. Aim of this thesis 2 1.1.2. Methodology 2 2. Conceptual foundation 3 2.1. Strategy 3 2.2. The evolution of strategy 3 2.3. Strategic thinking 5 2.4. National strategy 5 2.5. Strategy process 6 2.5.1. Mission, Vision, Values, Goals 6 2.5.2. Strategy analysis 7 2.5.3. Strategy formulation 8 2.5.4. Strategy implementation 9 2.6. Growth strategies 9 2.7. Forms of company ownership 10 2.8. Types of economies 11 2.9. Automotive 12 2.9.1. Cars classification 13 2.9.2. Key components of an EV car 14 3. Analysis of China’s EV industry 16 3.1. Introduction to China’s automotive industry 16 3.2. Main Chinese EV car manufacturers 18 3.3. PESTEL analysis 22 3.3.1. Political factors 22 3.3.2. Economic factors 27 3.3.3. Sociocultural factors 32 3.3.4. Technological factors 36 3.3.5. Environmental Factors 40 3.3.6. Legal factors 43 3.3.7. Synthesis of PESTEL analysis 45 3.4. National strategic plans and actions 51 3.4.1. Government support 51 3.4.2. Five-Year Development Plans 59 3.4.3. 1994 Automobile Industry Policy 59 3.4.4. 2004 New Automotive Industry Policy 60 3.4.5. 2009 Program for the Adjustment and Rejuvenation of the Auto Industry 61 3.4.6. Made in China 2025 61 3.5. SWOT analysis 62 3.6. Discussion 65 3.7. Conclusion 68 4. References 70 4.1. Literature 70 4.2. Academic Papers & Reports 72 4.3. Online sources 75 5. Appendix 98 List of Figures Figure 1: China Sales of Automobile 2004-2020 17 Figure 2: Units sold versus price of most popular NEV models in China 22 Figure 3: GDP Growth 29 Figure 4: Average retail price of the electric cars available 32 Figure 5: Extreme poverty ratio 33 Figure 6: Provincial GDP per capita in RMB 34 Figure 7: Subsidies for 300 km-range EVs (CNY) 53 Figure 8: The effect of subsidy cut 53 Figure 9: Market Structure of Chinese Automobile Industry 55 List of Tables Table 1: Public charging stations per country per 1 million of population 39 Table 2: Renewable energy production capacity per country per 1 million of population 43 Table 3: PESTEL 46 Table 4: SWOT analysis 63 zh_TW dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110933044 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 汽車 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 電動車 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 車 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 策略 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中國 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Automotive en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) EV en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Car en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Strategy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) China en_US dc.title (題名) 中國電動車產業分析 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Analysis of China’s EV industry: What lies behind such success? en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 4. References 4.1. Literature Alkhafaji, Abbass F. Strategic management: formulation, implementation, and control in a dynamic environment. The Haworth Press, 2003: ISBN 0-7890-1810-1 Beretta, Silvio, Berkofsky, Axel, Zhang, Lihong. Understanding China Today: An Exploration of Politics, Economics, Society, and International Relations. Springer, 2017. ISBN 978-3-319-29625-8 Coleman A. O`flaherty, et al. Transport Planning and Traffic Engineering. Elsevier Ltd. 1997. ISBN 978-0-340-66279-3. Chapman, Giles et al. Car: The Definitive Visual History of the Automobile. DK Publishing, 2011. ISBN 978-0-7566-7167-9 Chin, G.T.. China’s Automotive Modernization: The Party-State and Multinational Corporations. Palgrave Macmillan, 2010. ISBN 978-0-230-22060-7 https://www.google.com.tw/books/edition/China_s_Automotive_Modernization/vgWMDAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&printsec=frontcover Daniels, John D. Radebaugh, Lee H. Sullivan, Daniel P. International Business: Environments & Operations. Pearson Education Limited, 2019. ISBN: 978-1-292-21473-3 Davenport, H. Thomas, Leibold, Marius, Voelpel, Sven. Strategic Management in the Innovation Economy. Wiley, 2006. ISBN 3-89578-263-7 Dixit, Avinash K., Nalebuff, Barry J. Thinking Strategically: The Competitive Edge in Business, Politics, and Everyday Life. W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1991. ISBN: 978-0-393-06979-2 Drummond, Graeme, Ensor, John, Ashford, Ruth. Strategic Marketing: Planning and control. Elseiver ltd, 2008. ISBN 978-07506-8271-8. Entrepreneur Media. Start Your Own Business: The only startup book you`ll ever need. Entrepreneur Press, 2015. ISBN: 978-1-61308-300-0 Fred, David. R. Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases. Pearson Education, 2011. ISBN 978-0-13-612098-8 Freedman, Lawrence. Strategy: a history. Oxford University Press, 2013. ISBN 978–0–19–932515–3. Fulcher, James. Capitalism: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2004. ISBN 978-0-19-280218-7 Geddes, Bill. The History and Nature of Capitalism. An Evolving EBook, 2023. Gobetto, Marco. Operations Management in Automotive Industries. Springer, 2014. ISBN 978-94-007-7593-0 Greene, Robert. The 33 Strategies of War. Penguin Books Ltd., 2006. ISBN 1-4295-7706-1. Heilmann, Sebastian. China`s Political System. Rowman & Littlefield, 2017. ISBN 978-1-4422-7736-6 Hiit, Michael A.; Ireland; Duane; Hosskinson, Robert E. Strategic Management. Mason: Thompson. Higher Education, 2007. ISBN 0-324-31694-1 Hill, Charles W.L., Jones, Gareth, R., Schilling, Melissa A. Strategic Management: Theory. Cengage Learning, 2015. ISBN 978-1-285-18449-4. Hussey, David. Strategic Management 1998. Kent: Pergamon Press, 1998. ISBN 0-7506-3849-4. Jiang, Jiuchun, Zhang, Caiping. Fundamentals and Applications of Lithium-ion Batteries in Electric Drive Vehicles. Wiley, 2015. ISBN 978-1-118-41478-1 Khoza, Reuel J, Adam, Mohamed. The Power of Governance: Enhancing the Performance of State-Owned Enterprises. Palgrave Macmillan, 2005. ISBN 978-0-230-00207-4 Lindsay, John R., Cheung, Ming Tai, Severok, Derek S. China and Cybersecurity: Espionage, Strategy, and Politics in the Digital Domain. Oxford University Press, 2015. ISBN 978–0–19–020127–2 Macmillan, Hugh; Tampoe, Mahen. Strategic Management: Process, Content, and Implementation. Oxford University Press, 2001. ISBN 978-0198782292. Naughton, Barry. The Chinese Economy: Transitions and Growth. Cambridge. MIT Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-262-14095-9 Neal, Larry, Williamson, Jeffrey G. Cambridge History of Capitalism Volume 1: The Rise of Capitalism: From Ancient Origins to 1848. Cambridge University Press, 2014. ISBN 978-1-107-01963-8 Neal, Larry, Williamson, Jeffrey G. Cambridge History of Capitalism Volume 2: The Spread of Capitalism: From 1848 to the Present. Cambridge University Press, 2014. 978-1-107-01964-5 OECD. State-Owned Enterprises as Global Competitors A Challenge or an Opportunity? OECD Publishing, 2016. ISBN 978-92-64-26209-6 Olson, K. Aaron, Simerson, B. Keith. Leading with Strategic Thinking: Four ways effective leaders gain insight, drive change, and get results. Wiley, 2015. ISBN 978-1-118-96816-1 Pignataro, Paul. Mergers, Acquisitions, Divestitures, and Other Restructurings: A Practical Guide to Investment Banking and Private Equity. Wiley, 2015. ISBN 978-1-118-90869-3 Rashid, Muhammad H., et al. Modern Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Fuel Cell Vehicles. Taylor and Francis Group, LLC, 2010. ISBN 978-1-4200-5398-2 Ridgley, Stanley K. Strategic Thinking Skills: Course Guidebook. The Great Courses, 2012. Rothaermel, T. Frank. Strategic Management. 2nd edition. McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. ISBN 978-0-07-764506-9. Stuard, Edward F. Capitalism vs. Socialism: Comparing Economic Systems. The Teaching Company, 2018. ISBN 9781629975269 The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. Strategic Management. The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, 2008. ISBN 978-81-8441-050-1. Wotton, Simon. Horne, Terry. Strategic Thinking: A nine step approach to strategy and leadership for managers and marketers. 2010. Kogan Page Limited, 2010. ISBN 978-0-7494-6077-8 4.2. Academic Papers & Reports Berlin, A. Zhang, X. Chen, Y. (2020). Case Study: Electric buses in Shenzhen, China. Biddulph, Sarah. (2018, July). Democratic Centralism and Administration in China. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108347822.008 Bradford, Anu and Bradford, Anu. 2012. Antitrust Law in Global Markets. Elhauge, Einer R., Research Handbook on The Economics of Antitrust Law, Chapter 11 (2012), Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2770703 Chen, Y., Lin Lawell, C.-Y. C., & Wang, Y. (2020). The Chinese automobile industry and government policy. Research in Transportation Economics, 84, 100849. doi: 10.1016/j.retrec.2020.100849 Available at:: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0739885920300457 China Policy. (2017, April). China Going Global: between ambition and capacity. https://policycn.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/2017-Chinas-going-global-strategy.pdf European Chamber of Commerce in China (2017). China Manufacturing 2025: Putting Industrial Policy Ahead of Market Forces. http://docs.dpaq.de/12007-european_chamber_cm2025-en.pdf Gnann, T., T. S. Stephens, Z. Lin, P. Plötz, C. Liu, and J. Brokate. 2018. “What Drives the Market for Plug-in Electric Vehicles? - A Review of International PEV Market Diffusion Models.” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 93: 158–164. Elsevier Ltd. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2018.03.055. Hafsi, Taieb, Martin de Holan, Pablo. The Study of National Strategic Management: A Methodological Discussion. Working Paper 9618. HEC Montreal, Canada and McGill University Montreal, Canada, 1996. Lum, T. (2000). China`s Automobile Industry and WTO Accession (Report No. RS20624). Congressional Research Service. Available at: https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20000707_RS20624_688011e92ea43e598c46f4399d1de7ac478c4871.pdf Holweg, Matthias. Luo, Jianxi. Oliver, Nick. (2005, August). The past, present and future of China’s automotive industry: A value chain perspective. The Cambridge-MIT Institute. Lawrence Susan V. Lee, Mari Y. (2021, November). China’s Political System in Charts: A Snapshot Before the 20th Party Congress. Congressional Research Service. (Report: R46977) Li, Jingqiao. (2021, May). Competitive Analysis of New Energy Vehicle Market in China. MIT Sloan School of Management. https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/139390/Li-Jingqiao-MSMS-Sloan-2021-thesis.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Minzner, Carl. (2011). Countries at the Crossroads. Freedom House. https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/inline_images/ChinaFINAL.pdf Olson, Donald W. Virta, Robert L. Mahdavi, Mahbood. Sangine, Elizabeth S. Fortier, Steven M. (2016). Natural graphite demand and supply - Implications for electric vehicle battery requirements. Geological Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1130/2016.2520(08) Tang, Rachel. "The Rise of China`s Auto Industry and Its Impact on the U.S. Motor Vehicle Industry." Congressional Research Service, 16 Nov. 2009. (report R40924) Available at: https://sgp.fas.org/crs/row/R40924.pdf The PwC Automotive Institute. The automotive industry and climate change: Framework and dynamics of the CO2 (r)evolution. PwC, 2007. IQAir (2021). 2021 World Air Quality Report Region & City PM2.5 Ranking. Retrieved from https://www.iqair.com/world-air-quality-report-2021 The US-China Business Council. (2017, June). China’s 2017 Communist Party Leadership Structure & Transition. https://www.uschina.org/sites/default/files/chinas_2017_communist_party_leadership_structure_transition_updated.pdf Tong, Yungping. (2022, August). India’s Sex Ratio at Birth Begins To Normalize. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2022/08/23/sidebar-sex-ratios-around-the-world/ doi 202.419.4372 Wang, H., Miao, L. (2016). “Going Global Strategy” and Global Talent. In: China Goes Global. Palgrave Macmillan Asian Business Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-57813-6_6. Accessed at: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-137-57813-6_6 Zheng, Jie. (2011, July). Strategic Policies and Demonstration Program of Electric Vehicle in China. University of Wisconsin. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2011.07.006 4.3. Online sources ACEA. (2022, April). Motorisation rates in the EU, by country and vehicle type. Accessed on April 25, 2023 from: https://www.acea.auto/figure/motorisation-rates-in-the-eu-by-country-and-vehicle-type/ Antoniou, Luke. (2022, October). How Shenzhen’s mass EV transition has helped re-shape the city. SmartCitiesWorld. Accessed 30th of April, 2023 from: https://www.smartcitiesworld.net/electric-vehicles/electric-vehicles/how-shenzhens-mass-ev-transition-has-helped-re-shape-the-city-8251 Bake, Mark and Hyvonen, Markus (2011, March). The Emergence of the Chinese Automobile Sector. The Reserve Bank of Australia. Accessed 30th of April, 2023 from: https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/bulletin/2011/mar/4.html Ball, Joshua. (2020, April). The Chinese Communist Party’s Biggest Fears Are Separatism And An Economic Crisis. Global Security Review. Accessed 25th of April, 2023 from: https://globalsecurityreview.com/threats-legitimacy-power-chinese-communist-party/ Baraniuk, Chris. (2022, October). China`s electric car market is booming but can it last? BBC. Accessed 16th of April, 2023 from: https://www.bbc.com/news/business-62825830 BASF. (2019, January). Challenges and opportunities for China’s automotive market. Accessed 8th of April, 2023 from: https://www.basf.com/tw/en/media/BASF-Information/Resources-environment-climate/Challenges-and-opportunities-for-China-automotive-market.html Benetos, Alex. (n.d.). China’s EV Market: Out With Subsidies, In With the Dual Credit System. The China Guys. Accessed 29th of April, 2023 from: https://thechinaguys.com/electric-vehicle-market-transition-dual-credit-system/ Bikales, James. (2023, February). Tesla agrees to open chargers to public amid White House electric vehicle push. Politico. Accessed 17th of April, 2023 from: https://www.politico.com/news/2023/02/15/tesla-chargers-public-electric-vehicles-00082875 Bleakley, Daniel. (2023, March). Legacy auto faces disaster in China with unsellable cars as pollution crunch looms. The Driven. Accessed 28th of April, 2023 from: https://thedriven.io/2023/03/30/legacy-auto-faces-disaster-in-china-with-unsellable-cars-as-pollution-crunch-looms/ Bloomberg (2021, May). Hyperdrive Daily: China`s 846 Carmakers Face a Looming Shakeout. Accessed 2nd of April, 2023 from: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/newsletters/2021-05-31/china-s-846-carmakers-face-a-looming-shakeout-hyperdrive-daily Bruckberger, Hans-Jörg (2022, Dezember). Woraus besteht eigentlich ein Auto? Automotive Fachmedien.Accessed 9th of April, 2023 from: https://www.automotive.at/automotive/woraus-besteht-eigentlich-ein-auto-45022 BYD. (2022, March). BYD History. Accessed 25th of March, 2023 from: https://bydauto.co.nz/news/byd-history Campbell, Charlie. (2017, July). Where Is Alibaba Founder Jack Ma? What the Saga of One of the World`s Richest Men Reveals About China Under Xi Jinping. TIME. Accessed 28th of March, 2023 from: https://time.com/5926062/jack-ma/ Carey, Nick. Lienert, Paul. McFarlane, Sarah. (2023, March). Scratched EV battery? Your insurer may have to junk the whole car. Reuters. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/scratched-ev-battery-your-insurer-may-have-junk-whole-car-2023-03-20/?utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=Newsletter&utm_campaign=Auto-File&utm_term=032023 Carey, Nick. (2023, May). In race for efficient EVs, Mercedes taps F1 team to keep up with Tesla. Reuters. Accessed 12th of May, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/race-efficient-evs-mercedes-taps-f1-team-keep-up-with-tesla-2023-05-02/?utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=Newsletter&utm_campaign=Auto-File&utm_term=050323 Castelvecchi, Davide. (2021, August). Electric cars and batteries: how will the world produce enough? Nature. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02222-1 CEIC. (n.d.). China Number of Registered Vehicles. Accessed on April 25, 2023 from: https://www.ceicdata.com/en/indicator/china/number-of-registered-vehicles#:~:text=China%20Number%20of%20Registered%20Vehicles%20was,319%2C030%2C000%20Unit%20in%20Dec%202022 Central Intelligence Agency. (n.d.). Gini Index coefficient – distribution of family income. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison Columbia University. (n.d.). Guide to Chinese Climate Policy. Accessed 30th of April, 2023 from: https://chineseclimatepolicy.energypolicy.columbia.edu/en/electric-vehicles Congressional Executive Commission on China. (2010, February). China Revises 2004 Auto Policy. Accessed 25th of March, 2023 from:https://www.cecc.gov/publications/commission-analysis/china-revises-2004-auto-policy Corporate Finance Institute (2023, January. Net Importer. https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/economics/net-importer/ Corporate Finance Institute. (2023, January). Command Economy. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/economics/what-is-command-economy/ Che, Chang. (2022, March). Why China’s electric vehicles are all over Europe. The China Project. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://thechinaproject.com/2022/03/04/why-chinas-electric-vehicles-are-all-over-europe/ Chelala, César. (2016, February). China: Language Simplification to Increase Literacy? The Globalist. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://www.theglobalist.com/china-literacy-language-society/ Cheng, Evelyn. (2021, November). Consumers in China pick their 3 favorite electric cars — and only one is Chinese. CNBC. Accessed 16th of April, 2023 from: https://www.cnbc.com/2021/11/03/chinese-consumers-pick-favorite-electric-cars-from-china-us-germany.html Cheng, Evelyn. (2021, August). Hard lesson for U.S. investors: Chinese companies don’t make the rules in China. CNBC. Accessed 25th of March, 2023 from: https://www.cnbc.com/2021/08/19/lobbying-china-firms-cant-influence-government-like-us-companies-do.html Cheng, Evelyn. (2023, January). Upstart Chinese electric car brand delivered more cars than Nio in 2022. CNBC. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.cnbc.com/2023/01/04/upstart-chinese-electric-car-brand-delivered-more-cars-than-nio-in-2022.html#:~:text=Electric%20car%20brand%20Aion%2C%20a,the%20year%20exceeded%2075%2C000%20vehicles Chhabra, Tarun. Doshi, Rush, Haas, Ryan. Kimball, Emilie. (2020, April). Global China: Technology. Brookings.Accessed 26th of March, 2023 from: https://www.brookings.edu/product/global-china-technology/ China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (2021. March). China Sales of Automobile (2004-2020). Accessed 25th of March, 2023 from: http://en.caam.org.cn/Index/show/catid/32/id/1716.html China Daily. (2023, January). SAIC Volkswagen rolls out 26 millionth vehicle. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202301/18/WS63c7b019a31057c47ebaa64a.html China Internet Information Center. (n.d.). "Go Global" Investment Strategy Needed for Chinese Enterprises. Accessed 26th of March, 2023 from: http://www.china.org.cn/english/GS-e/19033.htm China-Britain Business Focus. (2023, January). How did Zhongguancun Become China’s Sillicon Valley? Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://focus.cbbc.org/how-did-zhongguancun-become-chinas-silicon-valley/#.ZE6q6exBw-Q China Power Team. (2017, April). How Well-off is China’s Middle Class? China Power. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://chinapower.csis.org/china-middle-class/ Chou, Yuan. (2013, October). Why did Taiwan lose Tesla? CommonWealth Magazine. Accessed 14th of May, 2023 from: https://english.cw.com.tw/article/article.action?id=490 CMS. (2018, August). Electric Vehicle Regulation and Law in China. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://cms.law/en/int/expert-guides/cms-expert-guide-to-electric-vehicles/china Costello, Mike. (2023, January). GWM sold another million cars last year, 170,000 outside China. Car Expert. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://www.carexpert.com.au/car-news/gwm-sold-another-million-cars-last-year-170000-outside-china Crabtree, Justina. (2018, May). China says it will cut tariffs on some auto parts and vehicles. CNBC. Accessed 25th of March, 2023 from: https://www.cnbc.com/2018/05/22/china-says-it-will-cut-tariffs-on-some-auto-parts-and-vehicles.html Dabla-Norris, Era. Kochhar, Kalpana. Tsounta, Evridiki. (2015, June). Growth’s Secret Weapon: The Poor and the Middle Class. International Monetary Fund. Accessed 25th of March, 2023 from: https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2015/06/15/growths-secret-weapon-the-poor-and-the-middle-class De Guzman (2023, January). China’s Population Is Shrinking—and Graying. Here’s What It Means for the Future. TIME. Accessed 27th of March, 2023 from: https://time.com/6248728/china-population-decline-aging/) Deloitte. (2023, May). 2023 China Consumer Insight and Market Outlook. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://www2.deloitte.com/cn/en/pages/consumer-business/articles/consumer-insight-2023.html Depersio, Greg. (2022, November). Command Economy: Advantages and Disadvantages. Investopedia. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/032515/what-are-advantages-and-disadvantages-command-economy.asp Des Rosiers, Louis. (2021, March). Xpeng confirms new LFP battery for P7 & G3 electric cars. Electrive. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from:https://www.electrive.com/2021/03/02/xpeng-confirms-new-lfp-battery-for-p7-and-g3-electric-cars/ Desai, Pratima. (2022, February). Explainer: Costs of nickel and cobalt used in electric vehicle batteries. Reuters. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/costs-nickel-cobalt-used-electric-vehicle-batteries-2022-02-03/ Doshi, Rush. (2021, August). The Long Game: China’s grand strategy to displace American order. Brookings Accessed on April 22, 2023 from:. https://www.brookings.edu/essay/the-long-game-chinas-grand-strategy-to-displace-american-order/REPORTS Doyon, Jérôme. (2021, January). Influence without Ownership: the Chinese Communist Party Targets the Private Sector. Institut Montaigne. Accessed on April 25, 2023 from: https://www.institutmontaigne.org/en/expressions/influence-without-ownership-chinese-communist-party-targets-private-sector Du, Juan. (2018, June). Beijing takes aim at congestion, pollution with new car limits. China Daily. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201806/16/WS5b244a9fa310010f8f59d4a0.html Dukach, Dagny. (2022, October). Understanding the Rise of Tech in China. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2022/09/understanding-the-rise-of-tech-in-china European Commission. (n.d.). Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/sectors/automotive-industry/vehicle-categories_en Economist. (2019, July). China’s Silicon Valley is transforming China, but not yet the world. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://www.economist.com/china/2019/07/11/chinas-silicon-valley-is-transforming-china-but-not-yet-the-world?utm_medium=cpc.adword.pd&utm_source=google&ppccampaignID=17210591673&ppcadID=&utm_campaign=a.22brand_pmax&utm_content=conversion.direct-response.anonymous&gclid=CjwKCAjwo7iiBhAEEiwAsIxQEfqPJT282NXbjtf6UImpbZizGUvxgju8-HTOcgDAI-Dq2Sy0t-w8LxoCtbIQAvD_BwE&gclsrc=aw.ds European Commission (n.d.). Automotive Industry. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/sectors/automotive-industry_en Eckert, Vera. (2022, December). Renewables provide 46.9% of power used in Germany in 2022. Reuters. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/sustainable-business/renewables-provide-469-power-used-germany-2022-2022-12-16/ European Foresight Platform. (n.d.) SWOT Analysis. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: http://foresight-platform.eu/community/forlearn/how-to-do-foresight/methods/analysis/swot-analysis/#:~:text=You%20should%20use%20SWOT%20analysis%20if%3A&text=You%20need%20to%20identify%20the,%2C%20region%2C%20country%2C%20etc.&text=You%20need%20to%20identify%20what,%2C%20region%2C%20country%2C%20etc European Parliament. (2022, November). EU ban on the sale of new petrol and diesel cars from 2035 explained. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/headlines/economy/20221019STO44572/eu-ban-on-sale-of-new-petrol-and-diesel-cars-from-2035-explained European Union. (n.d.). SWOT (Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats). Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://europa.eu/capacity4dev/evaluation_guidelines/book/29932/print#:~:text=SWOT%20analysis%20can%20be%20used,situation%20described%20in%20the%20analysis EV Box. (2022, December). How far can an electric car go on one charge? [2023 updated]. Accessed on 2023 29th of March from: https://blog.evbox.com/far-electric-car-range Farrer, Martin (2022, September). A Ponzi scheme by any other name: the bursting of China’s property bubble. The Guardian. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2022/sep/25/china-property-bubble-evergrande-group Flannery, Russel. (2022, November). Plugged In: BYD’s Wang Chuanfu Explains How China’s No. 1 EV Maker Caught Up With Tesla. Forbes. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/russellflannery/2022/11/09/plugged-in-byds-wang-chuanfu-explains-how-chinas-no-1-ev-maker-caught-up-with-tesla/?sh=39a6b0c8728b Forbes. Li Xiang. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.forbes.com/profile/li-xiang-1/?sh=378e867a3709 Frankenfield, Jake. (20213, March). What Is Middle Class Income? The Latest Numbers Available. Investopedia. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/0912/which-income-class-are-you.aspx Frangoul, Anmar (2022, November). China ‘played a great game’ on lithium and we’ve been slow to react, industry CEO says. CNBC. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.cnbc.com/2022/11/23/china-played-a-great-game-on-lithium-and-weve-been-slow-to-react-ceo.html GAC. About us. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.gac.com.cn/en/about Gao, Von Paul. Kaas, Hans-Werner. Mohr, Detlev. (2016, January). Automotive revolution – perspective towards 2030. McKinsey & Company. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/automotive-and-assembly/our-insights/disruptive-trends-that-will-transform-the-auto-industry/de-DE Garside, M. (2023, February). Major countries in worldwide graphite production 2022. Statista. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/267366/world-graphite-production/ Garside, M. (2022, June). Global manganese mine production 2021, by country. Statista. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1244066/global-manganese-production-volume-by-country/ Garside, M. (2023, March). Global distribution of nickel production by country 2021. Statista. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/603621/global-distribution-of-nickel-mine-production-by-select-country/ Global Times. (2021, July). Living in China’s technological miracle. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202107/1230033.shtml Global Times. (2022, May). China establishes world`s largest higher education system with 240 million college graduates. Global Times. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202205/1265868.shtml GlobeNewsWire (2022, November). Global Rubber Market to Exceed Valuation of $65.73 Billion by 2028 | Thailand, Indonesia, China, and South Korea Produces More than 43% of Rubber. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.globenewswire.com/en/news-release/2022/11/17/2558089/0/en/Global-Rubber-Market-to-Exceed-Valuation-of-65-73-Billion-by-2028-Thailand-Indonesia-China-and-South-Korea-Produces-More-than-43-of-Rubber.html#:~:text=China%20is%20the%20largest%20producer%20in%20the%20global%20synthetic%20rubber,a%20CAGR%20of%20over%209.7%25 Gokmen, Mufit Yilmaz (2023, January). Chinese dominance in the European EV market: Is it happening? Global Fleet. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://www.globalfleet.com/en/manufacturers/global/features/chinese-dominance-european-ev-market-it-happening?t%5B0%5D=Electrification&curl=1 Golldenziel, Jill. (2023, February). Chinese Communist Party Demands Employees At Western Firm Show Their Support. Forbes. Accessed on April 25, 2023 from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/jillgoldenziel/2023/02/27/chinese-communist-party-demands-employees-at-western-firm-show-their-support/?sh=3032c9c43804 Goldman Sachs. (2023, February). China may reach energy self-sufficiency by 2060 Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/pages/china-may-reach-energy-self-sufficiency-by-2060.html Guoping, Luo. Ruohong, Fan. Wei, Han (2022, September). China`s steel industry at a crossroads as long winter looms. NIKKEI Asia. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Caixin/China-s-steel-industry-at-a-crossroads-as-long-winter-looms Great Wall Motors. Main page. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.gwm-global.com/global.html Great Wall Motors. (2023. January). Focusing on New Energy, GWM Achieves Sales of Over One Million in 2022. Accessed on 2023 25th of March: https://www.gwm-global.com/news/3402473.html#:~:text=GWM%20just%20released%20the%20latest,year%2C%20hitting%20a%20record%20high Green Car Congress. (2022, October). Top 10 EV battery manufacturers all Asian companies; China accounts for 56% of market, Korea 26% and Japan 10%. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.greencarcongress.com/2022/10/20221009-evbatteryshare.html Hamlin, Katrina. (2016, September). China’s car scam shows best and worst of subsidies. Reuters. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://jp.reuters.com/article/idUS85845222420160915 Hampel, Carrie. (2022, January). Battery reuse & recycling expand to scale in China. Electrive. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://www.electrive.com/2022/01/29/battery-reuse-recycling-expands-to-scale-in-china/ Harrison, Virginia. Palumbo, Daniele. (2019, October). China anniversary: How the country became the world`s `economic miracle’. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from:https://www.bbc.com/news/business-49806247 He, Laura. (2016, September). Crackdown on electric-vehicle subsidy cheats expected to favour industry leaders. SCMP. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://www.scmp.com/business/companies/article/2019315/crackdown-electric-vehicle-subsidy-cheats-expected-favour He, Laura. (2023, January). Tesla cuts prices in China for the second time in three months as demand slows. CNN.Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://edition.cnn.com/2023/01/06/economy/tesla-china-price-cut-slowdown-intl-hnk/index.html Hill, Joshua S. (2021, April). China dominates rollout of EV charging stations – 4,000 a day in December. The Driven. Accessed on April 15, 2023 from: https://thedriven.io/2021/04/20/china-dominates-rollout-of-ev-charging-stations-4000-a-day-in-december/ Hitachi. (n.d.). What are semiconductors? Accessed 29th of April, 2023 from: https://www.hitachi-hightech.com/global/en/knowledge/semiconductor/room/about/ Hongyang, Cui. (2018, January). China’s New Energy Vehicle Mandate Policy (Final Rule). The International Council on Clean Transportation. Accessed 30th of April, 2023 from: https://theicct.org/publication/chinas-new-energy-vehicle-mandate-policy-final-rule/#:~:text=China%20finalized%20its%20New%20Energy,the%20existing%20fuel%20consumption%20regulation Hongyang, Cui. (2017, May). Subsidy Fraud Leads to Reforms for China’s EV Market. The International Council on Clean Transportation. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://theicct.org/subsidy-fraud-leads-to-reforms-for-chinas-ev-market/#:~:text=In%20China%2C%20subsidies%20are%20paid,users%20to%20receive%20the%20subsidies Hui, Mary (2022, October). Could software be the weak link in China`s electric vehicle dominance? Quartz. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://qz.com/could-software-be-the-weak-link-in-chinas-electric-vehi-1849657343 Hui, Mary. (2022, November). China’s BYD sells more cars—but Tesla makes eight times more profit per vehicle. Quartz. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://qz.com/china-s-byd-sells-more-cars-but-tesla-makes-eight-times-1849771729 Igini, Martina. (2023, March). Top 5 Environmental Issues in China in 2023. Earth.org. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://earth.org/environmental-issues-in-china/ Igini, Martina. (2023, March). China Approved Record Number of Coal Plants in 2022, Highest Since 2015: Report Earth.org. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://earth.org/china-coal-plants/ Interesse, Giulia. (2022, September). China Considers Extending its EV Subsidies to 2023 (updated). China Briefing. Accessed 29th of April, 2023 from: https://www.china-briefing.com/news/china-considers-extending-its-ev-subsidies-to-2023/ International Monetary Fund (n.d.). GDP per capita, current prices. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDPDPC@WEO/WEOWORLD/DEU/CHN/USA International Monetary Fund (n.d.). Real GDP growth. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDP_RPCH@WEO/WEOWORLD/CHN/DEU/USA IQAir. (n.d.) Air Quality in China. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.iqair.com/china Jaghory, Dillon. (2022, February). China Sector Analysis: Energy. Global X. Accessed on April 25, 2023 from: https://www.globalxetfs.com/china-sector-analysis-energy/ Kane, Mark. XPeng EV Sales Returned To A Five-Digit Result In December 2022. Inside EVs. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://insideevs.com/news/628910/xpeng-ev-sales-december2022/ Kang, Lei. (2023, March). Beijing to renew trade-in subsidies that encourage NEV purchases. CNEV Post. Accessed 30th of April, 2023 from: https://cnevpost.com/2023/03/01/beijing-to-renew-subsidies-encourage-nev-purchases/ Kang, Soon Chen (2020, October). China aims for EVs to account for 50% of all car sales by 2035. S&P Global. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/china-aims-for-evs-to-account-for-50-of-all-car-sales-by-2035-60954964 Kawakami, Takashi. (2023, February). China`s BYD poised to vie with Tesla in luxury EV market. Nikkei Asia. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Electric-cars-in-China/China-s-BYD-poised-to-vie-with-Tesla-in-luxury-EV-market?utm_campaign=IC_asia_daily_free&utm_medium=email&utm_source=NA_newsletter&utm_content=article_link Kelly, Lauren. (2023, February). Top 10 Cobalt Producers by Country (Updated 2023). Investing News. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://investingnews.com/where-is-cobalt-mined/ Kurmayer, Nikolaus J. (2023, January). Germany’s green energy transition enters make-or-break year. Euractiv. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/news/germanys-green-energy-transition-enters-make-or-break-year/ LaRocco, Lori Ann. (2022, October). China, ‘factory of the world,’ is losing more of its manufacturing and export dominance, latest data shows. CNBC. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.cnbc.com/2022/10/20/china-factory-of-the-world-is-losing-its-manufacturing-dominance.html Li Auto. Investors Overview. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://ir.lixiang.com/ Li, Jing (2018, September). Does the Chinese public care about climate change? China Dialogue. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://chinadialogue.net/en/climate/10831-does-the-chinese-public-care-about-climate-change/ Lindsay, Maizland. (2021, May). China’s Fight Against Climate Change and Environmental Degradation. Council on Foreign Relations.Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/china-climate-change-policies-environmental-degradation Liu, Siyi. Patton, Dominique (2023, January). China`s 2022 aluminium output hits record high of 40.21 mln tonnes. Reuters. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/chinas-2022-aluminium-output-hits-record-high-4021-mln-tonnes-2023-01-17/ Ling. (2022, November). Chinese battery makers are setting up in Europe Business & Technology. The China Project. April 22, 2023 from: https://thechinaproject.com/2022/11/11/chinese-battery-makers-are-setting-up-in-europe/ Los Angeles Times. (1994, July). China. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-07-11-fi-14353-story.html Lu, Jieyi. (2018, February). Comparing U.S. and Chinese Electric Vehicle Policies. Environmental and Energy Study Institute. Accessed 30th of April, 2023 from: https://www.eesi.org/articles/view/comparing-u.s.-and-chinese-electric-vehicle-policies Magnus, G, Eswar Prasad, Quian, Nancy, Zhang, Angela Huyue (2022, June). Is China’s Economic Miracle Over?. Project Syndicate. https://www.project-syndicate.org/onpoint/is-china-s-economic-miracle-over?barrier=accesspaylog Mandal, Soumen. (2023, March). One in Four Cars Sold in China in 2022 Was an EV With BYD Powering Country’s Outperformance. Counterpoint. Accessed 28th of April, 2023 from: https://www.counterpointresearch.com/china-ev-sales-2022/#:~:text=China%20was%20the%20second%20fastest,the%20global%20EV%20sales%20volume Mandal, Soumen. (2023, February). China EV Market in 2022 Counterpoint One in Four Cars Sold in China in 2022 Was an EV With BYD Powering Country’s Outperformance. Counterpoint. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://www.counterpointresearch.com/china-ev-sales-2022/ Manganese X Energy Corp. Manganese, a substitute for lithium-ion batteries? Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://www.manganesexenergycorp.com/manganese-a-substitute-for-lithium-ion-batteries/ Martin, Roger. L. (2021, February). It’s Time to Replace the Public Corporation. Harvard Business Review. Accessed 14th of May, 2023 from: hbr.org/2021/01/its-time-to-replace-the-public-corporation Master Class. (2021, June). What Is a Public Company? How Public Companies Work. Accessed 14th of May, 2023 from: https://www.masterclass.com/articles/public-company-guide Mathur, Manish. (2013, September). The contribution of the automobile industry to technology and value creation. Kearney. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.es.kearney.com/automotive/article/-/insights/the-contribution-of-the-automobile-industry-to-technology-and-value-creation McBride, James. Chatzky, Andrew. (2019, May). Is ‘Made in China 2025’ a Threat to Global Trade? Council on Foreign Relations. Accessed 15th of April, 2023 from: https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/made-china-2025-threat-global-trade#:~:text=Released%20in%202015%2C%20Made%20in,developing%20ten%20high%2Dtech%20industries McDee, Max. (2022, December). GAC Aion teases Hyper GT - second model under Hyper brand. Arena EV. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.arenaev.com/gac_aion_teases_hyper_gt__second_model_under_hyper_brand-news-1213.php#:~:text=GAC%20Aion%20introduced%20its%20new,SSR%20in%20two%20different%20configurations McGregor, Richard. (2019, July). How the state runs business in China. The Guardian. Accessed on April 25, 2023 from: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/25/china-business-xi-jinping-communist-party-state-private-enterprise-huawei Mengnan, Jian. (2023, January). China ends electric vehicle subsidies. China Dialogue. Accessed 29th of April, 2023 from: https://chinadialogue.net/en/digest/china-ends-electric-vehicle-subsidies/ Meredith, Sam. (2023, March). China’s energy transition sees ‘staggering’ progress on renewables — and a coal power boom. CNBC. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.cnbc.com/2023/03/08/energy-chinas-renewables-progress-comes-alongside-a-coal-power-boom.html Mir, Affan. (2022, December). 10 Countries with the Largest Nickel Reserves in the World. Yahoo Finance. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://finance.yahoo.com/news/10-countries-largest-nickel-reserves-171432925.html Momota, Kenji. (2016). Tesla`s original connection to Taiwan and the new transportation system technologies. Furuno. Accessed 14th of May, 2023 from: https://www.furuno.com/en/its/articles/20160420/ Morris, Charles. (2018, February). Ruining it for everyone department: China cuts EV subsidies in response to fraud. Charged. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://chargedevs.com/newswire/ruining-it-for-everyone-department-china-cuts-ev-subsidies-in-response-to-fraud/ Najafazada, Eltaf. Pradhan, Bibhudatta. (2023, April). India Passes China as World’s Most Populous Nation, UN Says. Bloomberg. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-04-19/india-surpasses-china-as-world-s-most-populous-nation-un-says#xj4y7vzkg National Geographic. (n.d.). Global Warming. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/global-warming/ National Geographic. (n.d.). Noise Pollution. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/noise-pollution/ Ni, Vincent (2021, July). ‘Poverty divides us’: gap between rich and poor poses threat to China. The Guardian. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jul/01/xi-jinping-gap-between-rich-and-poor-poses-biggest-threat-to-china NIKKEI. (2023, March). Japan to restrict chipmaking equipment exports, with eye on China. Accessed 28th of April, 2023 from: https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Tech/Semiconductors/Japan-to-restrict-chipmaking-equipment-exports-with-eye-on-China?utm_campaign=IC_asia_daily_free&utm_medium=email&utm_source=NA_newsletter&utm_content=article_link&del_type=1&pub_date=20230331123000&seq_num=3&si=b5c9dab2-d084-424b-b10b-f73d6a506509 Nio. (2023, January). NIO Inc. Provides December, Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2022 Delivery Update. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from:https://ir.nio.com/news-events/news-releases/news-release-details/nio-inc-provides-december-fourth-quarter-and-full-1#:~:text=high%20quarterly%20deliveries.-,NIO%20delivered%20122%2C486%20vehicles%20in%202022%20in%20total%2C%20increasing%20by,%25%20year%2Dover%2Dyear Nickel Institute. (n.d.). About Nickel. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://nickelinstitute.org/en/about-nickel-and-its-applications/#:~:text=Australia%2C%20Indonesia%2C%20South%20Africa%2C,in%20laterite%2Dtype%20ore%20deposits Nickel Institute. (2022, April). What differentiates China’s EV market from the others? Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://nickelinstitute.org/en/blog/2022/april/what-differentiates-china-s-ev-market-from-the-others/ O’Boyle, Michael. (2023, February). Accelerating Clean Energy In China: Q+A With Expert Jiang Lin. Forbes. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/energyinnovation/2023/02/27/accelerating-clean-energy-in-china-qa-with-expert-jiang-lin/?sh=74d67dec3072 O`Hara, Phoebe. (2023, January). Slowdown in China EV sales expected as subsidies end. Fastmarkets. https://www.fastmarkets.com/insights/slowdown-in-china-ev-sales-expected Placek (2022, September). Leading passenger vehicle producers worldwide 2020. Statista. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/277055/global-market-share-of-regions-on-auto-production Okinaga, Shoya. (2022, April). Japan battery material producers lose spark as China races ahead. Nikkei Asia. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Materials/Japan-battery-material-producers-lose-spark-as-China-races-ahead2#selection-2549.353-2557.282 Oung, Valencia. (2021, April). Taiwan’s EV Supply Chain Cranks into High Gear. American Camber of Commerce in Taiwan. ccessed 14th of May, 2023 from: https://topics.amcham.com.tw/2021/04/taiwan-ev-supply-chain-cranks-into-high-gear/ Pappas, Thanos. (2022, November). Electric Cars Are Affordable In China, But Remain Quite Expensive In Europe And The US. Car Scoops. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.carscoops.com/2022/11/evs-are-affordable-in-china-but-remain-quite-expensive-in-europe-and-the-us/ Peng, Liangui. Li, Ying. (2022, June). Policy Evolution of Chinese New Energy Vehicle Industry. Scholarly Community Encyclopedia. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/24564 Poonpatpibul, Chaipat. Yong Foo, Suan. (2019, March). From Shanghai to Gansu: Growing Regional Disparities in China – Causes and Remedies. Asean Macroeconomic Research Office. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://www.amro-asia.org/from-shanghai-to-gansu-growing-regional-disparities-in-china-causes-and-remedies/ Porsche. (2022, 12). eFuels pilot plant in Chile officially opened. Porsche Newsroom. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/2022/company/porsche-highly-innovative-fuels-hif-opening-efuels-pilot-plant-haru-oni-chile-synthetic-fuels-30732.html PwC. (n.d.). Electric vehicles and the charging infrastructure: a new mindset? Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.pwc.com/us/en/industries/industrial-products/library/electric-vehicles-charging-infrastructure.html#:~:text=In%20practice%2C%20the%20stand%2Dalone,likely%2C%20add%20another%20site%20nearby QS University Ranking. (n.d.) QS World University Rankings by Subject 2023: Engineering & Technology. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/university-subject-rankings/2023/engineering-technology?&page=0 Ren, Daniel. (2021, November). China’s ‘dual-credit’ policy that spurred the EV sector will be revised in bid to ensure high quality growth. SCMP. Accessed 29th of April, 2023 from: https://www.scmp.com/business/china-business/article/3157570/chinas-dual-credit-policy-spurred-ev-sector-will-be-revised Ren, Daniel. (2023, March). Beijing and Xian are latest Chinese cities to offer cash subsidies on EV purchases, after price cuts by carmakers fail to drive up sales. SCMP. Accessed 30th of April, 2023 from: https://www.scmp.com/business/china-business/article/3214438/beijing-and-xian-latest-chinese-cities-offer-cash-subsidies-ev-purchases-after-price-cuts-carmakers Ren, Daniel. (2023, January). BYD beats Tesla in 2022 EV sales, as the world’s No 1 electric car seller vindicated Warren Buffett’s bet. South China Morning Post. Retrieved on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.scmp.com/business/china-business/article/3205388/byd-beats-tesla-2022-ev-sales-worlds-no-1-electric-car-seller-vindicated-warren-buffetts-bet Ren, Daniel. (2023, January). Who powers the world’s EVs? China has 6 of the top 10 EV battery makers with 60 per cent market share, led by CATL and Warren Buffett-backed BYD. South China Morning Post. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.scmp.com/business/china-business/article/3205675/who-powers-worlds-evs-china-has-6-top-10-ev-battery-makers-60-cent-market-share-led-catl-and-warren Reuters. (2023, March). BYD downplays China price war impact after Q4 profit jumps. Reuters. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/byd-posts-11-fold-jump-q4-pr ofit-filing-2023-03-28/?utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=Newsletter&utm_campaign=Auto-File&utm_term=032923 Rosevear, John. (2022, March). Nickel’s price surge could threaten automakers’ ambitious electric-vehicle plans. CNBC. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://www.cnbc.com/2022/03/08/nickel-price-surge-could-threaten-automakers-ev-plans.html Ross, Sean (2022, August). The 3 Industries Driving China`s Economy. Investopedia. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/091515/3-industries-driving-chinas-economy.asp Safeguard Global. (2020, December). Top 10 manufacturing countries in the world. https://www.safeguardglobal.com/resources/blog/top-10-manufacturing-countries-in-the-world SAIC. About us. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.saicmotor.com/english/company_profile/about_us/index.shtml Schoff, James L. Ito, Asei. (2019, October). Competing With China on Technology and Innovation. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://carnegieendowment.org/2019/10/10/competing-with-china-on-technology-and-innovation-pub-80010 Schonhard, Sara. (2023, January). China Invests $546 Billion in Clean Energy, Far Surpassing the U.S. Scientific American. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/china-invests-546-billion-in-clean-energy-far-surpassing-the-u-s/ Sebastian, Gregor. Chimits, Francois. (2022, May). "Made in China" electric vehicles could turn Sino-EU trade on its head. MERITS. Accessed 1st of May, 2023 from: https://merics.org/en/comment/made-china-electric-vehicles-could-turn-sino-eu-trade-its-head Semiconductor Industry Association. (2022, January). China’s Share of Global Chip Sales Now Surpasses Taiwan’s, Closing in on Europe’s and Japan’s. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.semiconductors.org/chinas-share-of-global-chip-sales-now-surpasses-taiwan-closing-in-on-europe-and-japan/ Shah, Vivek. (2021, December). Brand overview: Nio. Car Expert. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.carexpert.com.au/car-news/brand-overview-nio Shah, Vivek. (2022, March). Brand overview: Li Auto. Car Expert. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.carexpert.com.au/car-news/brand-overview-li-auto Shepardson, David. (2023, March). One-third of Americans would consider EV purchase - Reuters/Ipsos poll. Reuters. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/technology/one-third-americans-would-consider-ev-purchase-reutersipsos-poll-2023-03-21/?utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=Newsletter&utm_campaign=Auto-File&utm_term=032223 Shih, Yi-Jun. Hu, Yu-Hsuan. Chao, Yi-Meng. Huang, Hui-Tzu. (2022, October). Can Taiwan Do it? A Comparison of Electric Vehicle Policies in Various Countries. National Taiwan University, Risk Society and Policy Research Center. Accessed 12th of May, 2023 from: https://rsprc.ntu.edu.tw/en/m01-2/energy-transition/open-energy-en/1733-e-vehicle-1027.html Shoolman, Alex. (2019. The future of legacy car manufacturers. The Driven. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://thedriven.io/2019/09/09/the-future-of-legacy-car-manufacturers/ Shuo, Zou. (2022, May). More Chinese receive higher education. China Daily. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://global.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202205/18/WS628447b5a310fd2b29e5d58d.html Sickels, David. (2022, August). China has 65% of public EV charging stations worldwide. The Buzz News. Accessed on April 14, 2023 from https://www.thebuzzevnews.com/china-public-ev-charging-stations/ Smart Cities Dive. (n.d.). Electric Vehicles in Taiwan. Accessed 14th of May, 2023 from: https://www.smartcitiesdive.com/ex/sustainablecitiescollective/electric-vehicles-taiwan/23760/ South China Morning Post (n.d.). US-China Trade War. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.scmp.com/knowledge/topics/us-china-trade-war/news Sriram, Akash. Jin, Hyunjoo. (2023, April). Musk says Tesla will put sales growth ahead of profit. Reuters. Accessed 28th of April, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/tesla-reports-quarterly-margin-below-estimates-2023-04-19/?utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=Newsletter&utm_campaign=Auto-File&utm_term=042123 StarCarSifu. (2023, January). China has a €10,000 cost advantage in small EVs, says auto supplier. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.carsifu.my/news/china-has-a-e10000-cost-advantage-in-small-evs-says-auto-supplier Statista Research Department (2023, March). China`s share in worldwide crude steel production from 2010 to 2021. Statista. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/448874/china-share-in-worldwide-crude-steel-production/#:~:text=China%27s%20share%20in%20worldwide%20crude%20steel%20production%202010%2D2021&text=In%202021%2C%20China%20produced%2052.9,was%201%2C951%20million%20metric%20tons Statista Research Department (2023, January). Share of global plastic materials produced in China from 2014 to 2021. Statista. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1247211/plastics-production-share-of-china/#:~:text=In%202021%2C%20China%20accounted%20for,the%20world%27s%20largest%20plastic%20producer Statista Research Department. (2023, March). China: public electric vehicle charging pile number 2010-2022. Accessed on April 14, 2023 from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/993121/china-public-electric-vehicle-charging-station-number/ Statista Research Department. (2023, February). Intentions to buy an electric car in China 2019. Statista. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1028620/china-attitudes-towards-purchasing-an-electric-car/ Statista Research Department. (2022, August). Manufacturing labor costs per hour: China, Vietnam, Mexico 2016-2020. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/744071/manufacturing-labor-costs-per-hour-china-vietnam-mexico/ Stauffer, Nancy W. (2021, April). China’s transition to electric vehicles. MIT News. Accessed 30th of April, 2023 from: https://news.mit.edu/2021/chinas-transition-electric-vehicles-0429 St. John, Alexa. (2023, January). China doesn`t need to sell a single car in the US to dominate the American electric car market. Business Insider. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.businessinsider.com/china-united-states-electric-vehicle-market-share-auto-brands-pricing-2023-1 S&P Global. (2023, January). EV Chargers: How many do we need? Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://press.spglobal.com/2023-01-09-EV-Chargers-How-many-do-we-need#:~:text=9%2C%202023%20%2FPRNewswire%2F%20%2D%2D,system%20to%20support%20our%20transportation Tabeta, Sunshuke (2020, October). China plans to phase out conventional gas-burning cars by 2035. NIKKEI Asia. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Automobiles/China-plans-to-phase-out-conventional-gas-burning-cars-by-2035 Taylor, Michael. (2021, December). Foreign Investment Walls Come Down On Auto Fortress China. Forbes. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaeltaylor/2021/12/27/foreign-investment-walls-come-down-on-auto-fortress-china/?sh=18976d9516fe Tehran Times. (2009, September). China 2009 vehicle sales may rise 28% on stimulus, pass U.S. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/202640/China-2009-vehicle-sales-may-rise-28-on-stimulus-pass-U-S Tewari, Suranjana and Josephs, Jonathan (2022, December). US-China chip war: How the technology dispute is playing out. BBC. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.bbc.com/news/business-63995570 Textor, C. (2021, March). Ratio of residents living below the extreme poverty line in China 2000-2020. Statista. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from:https://www.statista.com/statistics/1086836/china-poverty-ratio/ Textor, C. (2023, February). Urbanization in China 1980-2022. Statista. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/270162/urbanization-in-china/ The Economist. (2015, October). Why China`s five-year plans are so important. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2015/10/26/why-chinas-five-year-plans-are-so-important?gclid=CjwKCAjwue6hBhBVEiwA9YTx8L9zlSRXhhg8wLzgbMTJAjKCXi8CrgXfiyEQ0z2Xoofkg2i6p1e5mxoC6xwQAvD_BwE&gclsrc=aw.ds The Economist. (2021, March). What is China’s five-year plan? Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2021/03/04/what-is-chinas-five-year-plan The Guardian. (2010, January). China overtakes US as world`s biggest car market. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2010/jan/08/china-us-car-sales-overtakes The National People`s Congress of the People`s Republic of China. (2023, March). State Structure of the People’s Republic of China. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: http://www.npc.gov.cn/zgrdw/englishnpc/stateStructure/2007-12/06/content_1382098.htm The State Council of the People’s Republic of China. (2022, February). Nation more energy self-sufficient. Accessed on April 25, 2023 from: http://english.www.gov.cn/news/topnews/202202/15/content_WS620ae42cc6d09c94e48a50dc.html The State Council of the People`s Republic of China. (2022, January). China to further boost electric vehicle charging service. Accessed on April 15, 2023 from: http://english.www.gov.cn/statecouncil/ministries/202201/22/content_WS61eb3b40c6d09c94e48a415d.html The University of Sydney. (n.d.). Company, industry and country information: PESTLE Analysis. Accessed 12th of May, 2023 from: https://libguides.library.usyd.edu.au/market_intelligence/PESTLE#:~:text=What%20is%20PESTLE%3F,a%20new%20business%20or%20industry Tuovila, Alicia. (2021, October). Privately Owned Companies: Key Differences from Public Companies. Investopedia. Accessed 14th of May, 2023 from: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/privately-owned.asp Tyler, Patrick E. (1994, August). China Is Planning a People`s Car. The New York Times. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.nytimes.com/1994/09/22/business/china-is-planning-a-people-s-car.html UBS/PwC (2018, October). UBS/PwC Billionaires Report 2018: Total billionaire wealth grows 19 percent to a record USD 8.9 trillion. UBS. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.ubs.com/global/en/media/display-page-ndp/en-20181026-billionaires-report-2018.html Ulrich, Lawrence. (2022, April). Manganese Could Be the Secret Behind Truly Mass-Market EVs. IEEE Spectrum. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: https://spectrum.ieee.org/manganese-ev-batteries United Nations. (n.d.). Causes and Effects of Climate Change. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/causes-effects-climate-change United Nations. (n.d.). The Paris Agreement. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/paris-agreement United Nations Development Program (n.d.). About China. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.undp.org/china/about-china U.S. Department of Transportation. (2022, February). Electric Vehicle Charging Speeds. Accessed on 2023 29th of March from: https://www.transportation.gov/rural/ev/toolkit/ev-basics/charging-speeds U.S. Department of Energy. (n.d.). Hybrid Electric Vehicles. Accessed 29th of April, 2023 from: https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/electric_basics_hev.html U.S. Department of Energy. (2014, September). The History of the Electric Car. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://www.energy.gov/articles/history-electric-car#:~:text=Here%20in%20the%20U.S.%2C%20the,spark%20interest%20in%20electric%20vehicles U.S. Embassy in Georgia (2020, November). China’s Air Pollution Harms its Citizens and the World. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://ge.usembassy.gov/chinas-air-pollution-harms-its-citizens-and-the-world/#:~:text=An%20estimated%201.24%20million%20people,according%20to%20New%20Scientist%20magazine U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2023, January). Increasing renewables likely to reduce coal and natural gas generation over next two years. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=55239#:~:text=The%20U.S.%20electric%20power%20sector,about%20143%20GW%20of%20capacity Van Wyk, Barry. (2022, August). China has about 10 million electric cars and way too few charging stations. The China Project. Accessed on April 15, 2023 from: https://thechinaproject.com/2022/08/17/china-has-about-ten-million-electric-cars-and-way-too-few-charging-stations/ Venditti, Bruno. (2022, October). The Top 10 EV Battery Manufacturers in 2022. Visual Capitalist. Accessed on 2023 25th of March from: https://www.visualcapitalist.com/the-top-10-ev-battery-manufacturers-in-2022/ Volkswagen Group. (n.d.) Electric cars are significant contributors to climate protection. Accessed on April 22, 2023 from: https://www.volkswagenag.com/en/news/stories/2020/03/lithium-mining-what-you-should-know-about-the-contentious-issue.html# Wacket, Markus. (2023, March). Exclusive: EU drafts plan to allow e-fuel combustion engine cars. Reuters. Accessed 28th of April, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/eu-proposes-exception-e-fuel-combustion-engines-2035-2023-03-21/?utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=Newsletter&utm_campaign=Auto-File&utm_term=032223 Wacket, Markus. Wissenbach, Ilona. (2022, October). Germany to spend 6.3 bln euros on push for electric car charging points. Reuters. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/germany-spend-63-bln-euros-push-electric-car-charging-points-2022-10-19/ Waldmann, Scott. (2023, January). Biden ramps up attacks on GOP ahead of likely reelection bid. ClimateWire. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://subscriber.politicopro.com/article/eenews/2023/01/27/biden-ramps-up-attacks-on-gop-ahead-of-likely-reelection-bid-00079796 Wakabayashi, Daisuke. Fu, Claire. (2022, September) In China’s auto market, electric isn’t the future. It’s the present. The Japan Times. Retrieved on 2023, 25th of March from: https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2022/09/27/business/tech/china-auto-market-electric-present/#:~:text=There%20are%2C%20by%20some%20estimates,rival%20Tesla%20and%20German%20automakers. Wang, Lisa. (2022, November). Electric vehicle sales in Taiwan to rise 31% this year: ITRI. Taipei Times. Accessed 14th of May, 2023 from: https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2022/11/08/2003788463 Wells, Wendy. (2023, January). China Data: 2022 power demand growth eases to 3.6% in 2022 from 10.3% a year earlier. S&P Global. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en/market-insights/latest-news/coal/011923-china-data-2022-power-demand-growth-eases-to-36-in-2022-from-103-a-year-earlier Winton, Neil. (2022, December). China’s Electric Car Assault On Europe Will Accelerate In 2023, Then Hit Top Gear-Report. Forbes. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/neilwinton/2022/12/08/chinas-electric-car-assault-on-europe-will-accelerate-in-2023-then-hit-top-gear/?sh=5cef3a339394 Worldata. The largest countries of the world. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.worlddata.info/the-largest-countries.php Xinhua. (2023, January). China`s EV charging points see rapid expansion in 2022. The State Council Information Office, The People’s Republic of China. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: http://english.scio.gov.cn/pressroom/2023-01/19/content_85067515.htm Yang, Zeyi. (2021, September). How China’s quasi-carbon market for electric vehicles works. Protocol. Accessed 30th of April, 2023 from: https://www.protocol.com/china/dual-credit-policy Yang, Zeyi (2023, February). How did China come to dominate the world of electric cars? MIT Technology Review. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.technologyreview.com/2023/02/21/1068880/how-did-china-dominate-electric-cars-policy/#:~:text=This%20is%20why%20the%20benefits,to%20build%20EV%20factories%20there Yeung, Jessie (2023, January). China’s population is shrinking. The impact will be felt around the world. CNN. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://edition.cnn.com/2023/01/18/china/china-population-drop-explainer-intl-hnk/index.html Yong, Nicholas. (2023, January). Industrial espionage: How China sneaks out America`s technology secrets. BBC.Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-64206950 Yue Li, Yvonne. (2022, August). Graphite in EV Batteries Creates Conundrum Under US Climate Bill. Bloomberg. Accessed on 2023 26th of March from: www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-16/graphite-in-ev-batteries-creates-conundrum-under-us-climate-bill?leadSource=uverify%20wall#xj4y7vzkg Zhang, Yan. Goh, Brenda. (2023, February). China car sales plunge 38% in January as subsidies, tax cut end. Reuters. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/china-car-sales-plunge-38-january-subsidies-tax-cut-end-2023-02-08/ Zhang, Yan. Goh, Brenda. (2023, January). Tesla, EV rivals absorb costs after China pulls plug on subsidy. Reuters. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/tesla-ev-rivals-absorb-costs-after-china-pulls-plug-subsidy-2023-01-05/ Zhang, Yan. Goh, Brenda. (2023, February). EV maker Nio to build 1,000 battery-swap stations in China in 2023. Reuters. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/technology/chinese-ev-maker-nio-build-1000-battery-swap-stations-2023-2023-02-21/ Zheng, Xin (2022, February). China`s oil dependence on imports sees drop. China Daily.Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://english.www.gov.cn/news/topnews/202202/24/content_WS6216e221c6d09c94e48a569e.html Zheng, March. (2023, January). The State of the US Renewable Energy Market: A Preliminary Analysis for 2022. Earth.org Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://earth.org/us-renewable-energy-market/ Zhu, Vincent. (2020, October). What to Expect from China’s New Five-Year Plan. Rhodium Group. Accessed on April 16, 2023 from: https://rhg.com/research/five-year-plan/ Zhu, Julie. (2022, December). Exclusive: China readying $143 billion package for its chip firms in face of U.S. curbs. Reuters. Accessed 20th of April, 2023 from: https://www.reuters.com/technology/china-plans-over-143-bln-push-boost-domestic-chips-compete-with-us-sources-2022-12-13/ Zipser, Daniel. Hui, Daniel. Zhou, Jia. Zhang, Cherie. (2022, December). Five trends are reshaping China’s consumer market. McKinsey. Accessed on April 4, 2023 from: https://www.mckinsey.com/cn/our-insights/our-insights/2023-mckinsey-china-consumer-report zh_TW
