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題名 沙特想像論中的虛無概念
The concept of nothingness in Sartre`s theory of Imagination作者 李明樺
Lee, Ming-Hua貢獻者 黃冠閔
Huang, Kuan-Min
李明樺
Lee, Ming-Hua關鍵詞 意識
虛無
形象
想像物
意向性
否定
非實在對象
虛無化
consciousness
nothingness
image
imaginary
intentionality
negation
non-real object
nihilization日期 2023 上傳時間 1-九月-2023 16:19:41 (UTC+8) 摘要 本論文旨意以沙特想像論代表著作《想像物》(L’Imaginaire)為主要研究,以沙特早期的現象學存有論出發,理解意識與物之間的意向性關係。沙特透過現象學心理學的描述方法為基礎,展現想像意識的成像意向性結構以虛無的方式給予想像對象的存有。沙特揭示成像意識設定動作的特殊性-設定對象作為虛無為命題,因此相對於一般意向性意識而言,成像意識並不須以作為存在的對象為其構成結構的必要條件;相反地,其逆反了一般意向性原則,而以設定作為虛無的對象為意識對象。透過想像的意識模態,沙特弔詭地肯定成像意識在產生形象對象時,意識的整體存有產生的是否定知覺、超越實在的意涵:無論成像意向是否指向實在,一旦是由成像意識進行的設定,形象皆是在此一模態下以虛無性質而統一為同類家族。其中,就心理形象而言,更根本地顯示出意識在完全意向自由的情況下創造出非實在對象-即想像物(imaginaire)。而事實上,沙特彰顯成像意識的自發性特徵之目的,恰恰不是針對想像造出與實在徹底無關的虛構幻想物,相對地,反而正是由創造出非實在的對象把握一個可能性的實在世界。最後,在存有論的意義上,以意識存有進行想像、產生的非實在對象的基點,確立超越意識虛無化完滿世界的必要條件,從而能夠深入理解沙特如何通過想像的現象學心理學,彰顯意識存有的虛無根源。
This essay would focus on the representative work of Sartre’s concept of the imagination, L`Imaginaire, starting from Sartre’s early phenomenological ontology, in order to understand the essential relationship between consciousness and object. Based on the descriptive method of phenomenological psychology, Sartre demonstrates that the imaging intentional structure of imaginary consciousness gives the existence of imaginary objects in the form of nothingness. Sartre reveals the particularity of the imaging consciousness that poses the object as nothingness, in comparison to the general intentional consciousness. The imaging consciousness does not need the existing object as the necessary condition for its structure. On the contrary, it reverses the general principle of intentionality, and assumes the object of consciousness as nothingness. Through the imaginary mode of consciousness, Sartre paradoxically affirms that when the imaging consciousness produces image objects, the overall existence of consciousness produces the meaning of negative perception and transcends reality. No matter whether the imaging intention points to reality, once the imaging consciousness are all unified into the same kind of family under this mode with the nature of nihility. Among them, as far as the mental image is concerned, it is more fundamental to show that consciousness creates non-real objects under the condition of complete intentional freedom, that is, imaginary objects (imaginaire). In fact, the purpose of Sartre is to demonstrate the spontaneity of imaging consciousness aiming at creating imaginary fantasy objects that have nothing to do with reality, instead, it is to grasp a possible world by creating non-real objects. In conclusion, based on ontology, the basis of non-real objects imagined and produced by consciousness, the necessary conditions for a world beyond the nihilation of consciousness are established, so that we can deeply understand how Sartre, through the phenomenological psychology of imagination, manifests the origin of nothingness for consciousness.參考文獻 壹、沙特的著作Jean-Paul SARTRE, L’Imagination, Paris, PUF, 2005.-------------------------L’Imaginaire : Psychologie phénoménologique de l’imagination, Paris, Gallimard, 2019.------------------------Une idée fondamentale de la phénoménologie de Husserl : l’intentionnalité’’, repris au Situations I, éd. Arlette Elkaïm-Sartre, Paris, Gallimard, 2010.------------------------La transcendance de l’ego, Paris, Vrin, 2012.貳、法文參考資料一、法文書籍Philippe CABESTAN, L’être et la conscience. Recherches sur la psychologie et l’onto phénoménologie sartriennes, Bruxelles, Ouisa, 2004.----------------------------L’imaginaire Jean Paul Sartre, Paris, Ellipses, 2020.Michel CONTAT, Michel RYBALKA, Les écrits de Sartre, Paris, Gallimard, 2013.Vincent DE COOREBYTER, Sartre face à le phénoménologie, Bruxelles, Ousia, 2000.Gilbert DURAND, Les structures anthropologique de l’imaginaire, Paris, Dunod, 2021.Alain FLAJOLIET, La première philosophie de Sartre. Genève, Honoré Champion, 2008.Français NOUDELMANN, Sartre. L’incarnation imaginaire. Paris, Harmattan, 1996.二、法文論文期刊Vincent DE COOREBYTER, De Husserl à Sartre. La structure intentionnelle de l’image dans Methodos [En ligne], 2012.Christopher LAPIERRE, « Statut et origine du néant » dans Lire L’Être et le Néant de Sartre, éd par Y. Malinge et O. D’Jeranian (dir.), Paris, PUF, 2023, p. 19-40.Nathanël MASSELOT, « L’ontologie sartrienne est-elle une phénoménologie transcendantale ? » dans Methodos [En ligne], 2012.叁、其他參考著作與文獻Edmund HUSSERL, Phantasia, conscience d’image, souvenir, traduit de l’Allemand par Raymond Kassis et Jean-François Pestureau, Grenoble, Jérôme Million, 2002.肆、 中文著作黃冠閔,《在想像的界域上-巴修拉詩學曼衍》,台北:國立台灣大學出版中心,2014。劉國英,《法國現象學的蹤跡:從沙特到德里達》,台北:漫遊者,2018。 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
哲學系
106154003資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106154003 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 黃冠閔 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Huang, Kuan-Min en_US dc.contributor.author (作者) 李明樺 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) Lee, Ming-Hua en_US dc.creator (作者) 李明樺 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Lee, Ming-Hua en_US dc.date (日期) 2023 en_US dc.date.accessioned 1-九月-2023 16:19:41 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 1-九月-2023 16:19:41 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-九月-2023 16:19:41 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0106154003 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/147263 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 哲學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 106154003 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本論文旨意以沙特想像論代表著作《想像物》(L’Imaginaire)為主要研究,以沙特早期的現象學存有論出發,理解意識與物之間的意向性關係。沙特透過現象學心理學的描述方法為基礎,展現想像意識的成像意向性結構以虛無的方式給予想像對象的存有。沙特揭示成像意識設定動作的特殊性-設定對象作為虛無為命題,因此相對於一般意向性意識而言,成像意識並不須以作為存在的對象為其構成結構的必要條件;相反地,其逆反了一般意向性原則,而以設定作為虛無的對象為意識對象。透過想像的意識模態,沙特弔詭地肯定成像意識在產生形象對象時,意識的整體存有產生的是否定知覺、超越實在的意涵:無論成像意向是否指向實在,一旦是由成像意識進行的設定,形象皆是在此一模態下以虛無性質而統一為同類家族。其中,就心理形象而言,更根本地顯示出意識在完全意向自由的情況下創造出非實在對象-即想像物(imaginaire)。而事實上,沙特彰顯成像意識的自發性特徵之目的,恰恰不是針對想像造出與實在徹底無關的虛構幻想物,相對地,反而正是由創造出非實在的對象把握一個可能性的實在世界。最後,在存有論的意義上,以意識存有進行想像、產生的非實在對象的基點,確立超越意識虛無化完滿世界的必要條件,從而能夠深入理解沙特如何通過想像的現象學心理學,彰顯意識存有的虛無根源。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) This essay would focus on the representative work of Sartre’s concept of the imagination, L`Imaginaire, starting from Sartre’s early phenomenological ontology, in order to understand the essential relationship between consciousness and object. Based on the descriptive method of phenomenological psychology, Sartre demonstrates that the imaging intentional structure of imaginary consciousness gives the existence of imaginary objects in the form of nothingness. Sartre reveals the particularity of the imaging consciousness that poses the object as nothingness, in comparison to the general intentional consciousness. The imaging consciousness does not need the existing object as the necessary condition for its structure. On the contrary, it reverses the general principle of intentionality, and assumes the object of consciousness as nothingness. Through the imaginary mode of consciousness, Sartre paradoxically affirms that when the imaging consciousness produces image objects, the overall existence of consciousness produces the meaning of negative perception and transcends reality. No matter whether the imaging intention points to reality, once the imaging consciousness are all unified into the same kind of family under this mode with the nature of nihility. Among them, as far as the mental image is concerned, it is more fundamental to show that consciousness creates non-real objects under the condition of complete intentional freedom, that is, imaginary objects (imaginaire). In fact, the purpose of Sartre is to demonstrate the spontaneity of imaging consciousness aiming at creating imaginary fantasy objects that have nothing to do with reality, instead, it is to grasp a possible world by creating non-real objects. In conclusion, based on ontology, the basis of non-real objects imagined and produced by consciousness, the necessary conditions for a world beyond the nihilation of consciousness are established, so that we can deeply understand how Sartre, through the phenomenological psychology of imagination, manifests the origin of nothingness for consciousness. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 導論:探問意識生命的意向性本質-沙特的意識超越論基礎 1第一節、 問題意識與章節安排 4第二節、 沙特想像論思想形成脈絡:從L‘Imagination到L’Imagimaire 7第一章 成像意識的虛無本質特徵 10第一節、 預備說明:研究形象的「新反思」的方法 11第二節、 想像與知覺領域的本質區別 14第三節、 想像設定對象作為虛無-形象的主要本質特徵 19第二章 描述作為虛無的形象對象(objet imageant comme un néant)的顯現-心理形象(image mentale)自發構成活動的具體內容 23第一節、 心理形象的存在-想像構成自發性材料的活動 25第二節、 心理形象的類比材料-認識、情感 30第三節、 心理形象的變向—面對形象 33第三章 虛無想像(imaginaire)的否定與構成 35第一節、 意識的當下—非實在對象的現存 37第二節、 有限定的否定形象與虛無存有的想像 39第三節、 想像的虛無超越性-缺席者(absent)的虛無化作用 41結論、沙特的想像:於處境(situation)中自由構成意識生命的對象 43第一節、 章節回顧 44第二節、 成像意識唯一「擁有」(possèder)的對象-想像物(imaginaire) 45第三節、 想像介入實在世界的意義 47參考文獻 51 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1487272 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106154003 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 意識 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 虛無 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 形象 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 想像物 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 意向性 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 否定 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 非實在對象 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 虛無化 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) consciousness en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) nothingness en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) image en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) imaginary en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) intentionality en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) negation en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) non-real object en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) nihilization en_US dc.title (題名) 沙特想像論中的虛無概念 zh_TW dc.title (題名) The concept of nothingness in Sartre`s theory of Imagination en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 壹、沙特的著作Jean-Paul SARTRE, L’Imagination, Paris, PUF, 2005.-------------------------L’Imaginaire : Psychologie phénoménologique de l’imagination, Paris, Gallimard, 2019.------------------------Une idée fondamentale de la phénoménologie de Husserl : l’intentionnalité’’, repris au Situations I, éd. Arlette Elkaïm-Sartre, Paris, Gallimard, 2010.------------------------La transcendance de l’ego, Paris, Vrin, 2012.貳、法文參考資料一、法文書籍Philippe CABESTAN, L’être et la conscience. Recherches sur la psychologie et l’onto phénoménologie sartriennes, Bruxelles, Ouisa, 2004.----------------------------L’imaginaire Jean Paul Sartre, Paris, Ellipses, 2020.Michel CONTAT, Michel RYBALKA, Les écrits de Sartre, Paris, Gallimard, 2013.Vincent DE COOREBYTER, Sartre face à le phénoménologie, Bruxelles, Ousia, 2000.Gilbert DURAND, Les structures anthropologique de l’imaginaire, Paris, Dunod, 2021.Alain FLAJOLIET, La première philosophie de Sartre. Genève, Honoré Champion, 2008.Français NOUDELMANN, Sartre. L’incarnation imaginaire. Paris, Harmattan, 1996.二、法文論文期刊Vincent DE COOREBYTER, De Husserl à Sartre. La structure intentionnelle de l’image dans Methodos [En ligne], 2012.Christopher LAPIERRE, « Statut et origine du néant » dans Lire L’Être et le Néant de Sartre, éd par Y. Malinge et O. D’Jeranian (dir.), Paris, PUF, 2023, p. 19-40.Nathanël MASSELOT, « L’ontologie sartrienne est-elle une phénoménologie transcendantale ? » dans Methodos [En ligne], 2012.叁、其他參考著作與文獻Edmund HUSSERL, Phantasia, conscience d’image, souvenir, traduit de l’Allemand par Raymond Kassis et Jean-François Pestureau, Grenoble, Jérôme Million, 2002.肆、 中文著作黃冠閔,《在想像的界域上-巴修拉詩學曼衍》,台北:國立台灣大學出版中心,2014。劉國英,《法國現象學的蹤跡:從沙特到德里達》,台北:漫遊者,2018。 zh_TW