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題名 中國式多元治理:以中國大陸網路直播治理為例
The Chinese Approach to Pluralistic Governance: A Study of Live Streaming Governance in Mainland China
作者 劉佳
Liu, Jia
貢獻者 劉幼琍
Liu, Yu-Li
劉佳
Liu, Jia
關鍵詞 網路直播
多元
媒體治理
中國大陸
網際網路治理
Live streaming
pluralism
media governance
mainland China
internet governance
日期 2023
上傳時間 2-Jan-2024 15:33:38 (UTC+8)
摘要 數位媒體的發展不僅改變了訊息的傳播方式,也持續影響和重塑著媒體治理。近十年來,中國大陸的網路直播以驚人的速度迅猛發展,成為擁有7.5億用戶的龐大產業,同時也對傳統的命令控制式媒體監管帶來了巨大挑戰。面對新興媒體所帶來的衝擊,中國大陸在網際網路時代的媒體治理範式轉移成為媒介政策和法規研究領域的重要課題。 對於以網路直播為代表的網路視聽媒體,任何單一的規管模式都難以應對網際網路時代複雜的媒體治理難題。網路視聽媒體治理研究缺乏一個動態且綜合的分析框架。網際網路治理已成為全球範圍內複雜且多元發展的現實,然而學界對多元的定義和特徵界定並不統一,特別是針對中國大陸媒體治理的研究多以意識形態對立的立場開展,難以客觀呈現其變化。在這樣的背景下,中國大陸的網路直播媒體發展現況如何?它對媒體治理帶來了怎樣的衝擊?中國大陸如何治理網路直播媒體?形成了怎樣的治理模式?本研究旨在探明中國大陸網路直播的發展現況及其對中國大陸媒介政策法規的衝擊,並分析中國大陸的網路直播治理及其特徵。本研究深度訪問了和網路直播相關的政府官員、學者、業者和社群成員,並對25部、526項網路直播政策法規作內容分析。 本研究對媒體治理範式進行了整理,結合媒體治理概念、技術的社會建構和比較制度理論,建立了一套動態且綜合的媒體治理分析框架,釐清了中國大陸網路直播媒體在技術、產業/市場和文化子系統方面的特徵,以及這些特徵對政策法規所帶來的衝擊。本研究以媒體治理的概念框架分析了中國大陸網路直播治理的現況,探討了網路直播的治理理念、治理主體、政策法規等關鍵要素。本研究將中國大陸網路直播治理與美國、歐盟的網路視聽媒體治理進行比較,總結了中國式多元治理的特點,包括以政府為核心的多元治理主體、強調業者責任的內容監管,以及有重點的分類治理和有底線的言論自由等,為理解中國大陸媒體治理的典範轉移及網際網路時代媒介政策法規研究的發展提供了有益案例。
The rise of digital media has not only changed the way information is disseminated, but it also continues to influence and reshape media governance. Over the past decade, live streaming in Mainland China has experienced exponential growth, becoming a massive industry with 750 million users. It has also posed significant challenges to the traditional command-and-control style of media regulation. Faced with the impacts and challenges brought by emerging media, the paradigm shift in media governance in Mainland China's internet era has become an important topic of study in the field of media policy and regulation. When it comes to online audio-visual media, particularly live streaming services, there is no single regulatory model that can effectively address the complex challenges of media governance in the internet era. The study of online audio-visual media governance lacks a dynamic and comprehensive analytical framework. The governance of the internet on a global scale is complex and diverse, but there is no unified definition or characterization of pluralistic governance. In particular, research on media governance in Mainland China often adopts an ideological opposition stance, making it difficult to objectively present the changes that have occurred. In this context, this research aims to examine the current state of live streaming media development in Mainland China, its impact on media governance, and the regulatory approaches adopted by Mainland China. The study also aims to analyze the governance model and characteristics of live streaming media in Mainland China. This research involves in-depth interviews with government officials, scholars, industry practitioners, and community members involved in live streaming services, as well as content analysis of 25 documents and 526 items of live streaming policies and regulations. This research provides an overview of the media governance paradigm by incorporating concepts of media governance, the social construction of technology, and comparative institutional theory. It establishes a dynamic and comprehensive framework for analyzing media governance, focusing on the characteristics of live streaming media in Mainland China within the technological, industrial/market, and cultural subsystems, as well as their impact on policies and regulations. The study analyzes the current state of live streaming media governance in Mainland China using the conceptual framework of media governance, examining governance concepts, entities, policies, and regulations as key elements. A comparative analysis is conducted between the governance of live streaming media in Mainland China, the United States, and the European Union, highlighting the distinctive features of Chinese-style pluralistic governance. These features include a government-centric approach to diverse governance entities, emphasis on operator responsibility in content supervision, focused categorical governance, and the presence of boundaries on freedom of speech. This research serves as a valuable case study for understanding the paradigm shift in media governance in Mainland China and the development of media policy and regulation research in the internet era.
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描述 博士
國立政治大學
傳播學院博士班
105463506
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105463506
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 劉幼琍zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Liu, Yu-Lien_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 劉佳zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Liu, Jiaen_US
dc.creator (作者) 劉佳zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Liu, Jiaen_US
dc.date (日期) 2023en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2-Jan-2024 15:33:38 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 2-Jan-2024 15:33:38 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Jan-2024 15:33:38 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0105463506en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/149055-
dc.description (描述) 博士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 傳播學院博士班zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 105463506zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 數位媒體的發展不僅改變了訊息的傳播方式,也持續影響和重塑著媒體治理。近十年來,中國大陸的網路直播以驚人的速度迅猛發展,成為擁有7.5億用戶的龐大產業,同時也對傳統的命令控制式媒體監管帶來了巨大挑戰。面對新興媒體所帶來的衝擊,中國大陸在網際網路時代的媒體治理範式轉移成為媒介政策和法規研究領域的重要課題。 對於以網路直播為代表的網路視聽媒體,任何單一的規管模式都難以應對網際網路時代複雜的媒體治理難題。網路視聽媒體治理研究缺乏一個動態且綜合的分析框架。網際網路治理已成為全球範圍內複雜且多元發展的現實,然而學界對多元的定義和特徵界定並不統一,特別是針對中國大陸媒體治理的研究多以意識形態對立的立場開展,難以客觀呈現其變化。在這樣的背景下,中國大陸的網路直播媒體發展現況如何?它對媒體治理帶來了怎樣的衝擊?中國大陸如何治理網路直播媒體?形成了怎樣的治理模式?本研究旨在探明中國大陸網路直播的發展現況及其對中國大陸媒介政策法規的衝擊,並分析中國大陸的網路直播治理及其特徵。本研究深度訪問了和網路直播相關的政府官員、學者、業者和社群成員,並對25部、526項網路直播政策法規作內容分析。 本研究對媒體治理範式進行了整理,結合媒體治理概念、技術的社會建構和比較制度理論,建立了一套動態且綜合的媒體治理分析框架,釐清了中國大陸網路直播媒體在技術、產業/市場和文化子系統方面的特徵,以及這些特徵對政策法規所帶來的衝擊。本研究以媒體治理的概念框架分析了中國大陸網路直播治理的現況,探討了網路直播的治理理念、治理主體、政策法規等關鍵要素。本研究將中國大陸網路直播治理與美國、歐盟的網路視聽媒體治理進行比較,總結了中國式多元治理的特點,包括以政府為核心的多元治理主體、強調業者責任的內容監管,以及有重點的分類治理和有底線的言論自由等,為理解中國大陸媒體治理的典範轉移及網際網路時代媒介政策法規研究的發展提供了有益案例。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The rise of digital media has not only changed the way information is disseminated, but it also continues to influence and reshape media governance. Over the past decade, live streaming in Mainland China has experienced exponential growth, becoming a massive industry with 750 million users. It has also posed significant challenges to the traditional command-and-control style of media regulation. Faced with the impacts and challenges brought by emerging media, the paradigm shift in media governance in Mainland China's internet era has become an important topic of study in the field of media policy and regulation. When it comes to online audio-visual media, particularly live streaming services, there is no single regulatory model that can effectively address the complex challenges of media governance in the internet era. The study of online audio-visual media governance lacks a dynamic and comprehensive analytical framework. The governance of the internet on a global scale is complex and diverse, but there is no unified definition or characterization of pluralistic governance. In particular, research on media governance in Mainland China often adopts an ideological opposition stance, making it difficult to objectively present the changes that have occurred. In this context, this research aims to examine the current state of live streaming media development in Mainland China, its impact on media governance, and the regulatory approaches adopted by Mainland China. The study also aims to analyze the governance model and characteristics of live streaming media in Mainland China. This research involves in-depth interviews with government officials, scholars, industry practitioners, and community members involved in live streaming services, as well as content analysis of 25 documents and 526 items of live streaming policies and regulations. This research provides an overview of the media governance paradigm by incorporating concepts of media governance, the social construction of technology, and comparative institutional theory. It establishes a dynamic and comprehensive framework for analyzing media governance, focusing on the characteristics of live streaming media in Mainland China within the technological, industrial/market, and cultural subsystems, as well as their impact on policies and regulations. The study analyzes the current state of live streaming media governance in Mainland China using the conceptual framework of media governance, examining governance concepts, entities, policies, and regulations as key elements. A comparative analysis is conducted between the governance of live streaming media in Mainland China, the United States, and the European Union, highlighting the distinctive features of Chinese-style pluralistic governance. These features include a government-centric approach to diverse governance entities, emphasis on operator responsibility in content supervision, focused categorical governance, and the presence of boundaries on freedom of speech. This research serves as a valuable case study for understanding the paradigm shift in media governance in Mainland China and the development of media policy and regulation research in the internet era.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究背景與動機 1 第二節 問題意識與研究目的 5 第三節 研究架構與章節介紹 7 第二章 文獻回顧 11 第一節 來處與前路:網際網路視聽媒體治理 11 壹、從媒體規管到網際網路治理 11 貳、網際網路治理的典範轉移 14 第二節 網路視聽媒體治理主體的複雜化:政府、社會與社群 16 壹、公共利益與政府主體 16 貳、媒體治理主體的複雜化 18 第三節 網路視聽媒體的規管模式與治理探索 21 壹、視聽媒體的規管模式 21 貳、其他治理探索 26 第四節 網路視聽媒體的治理實踐:美國和歐盟 30 壹、發展優先:美國網路視聽媒體的治理 31 貳、安全平衡:歐盟網路視聽媒體的治理 33 第五節媒體治理研究的分析模型與框架 35 壹、媒體治理之技術的社會建構分析框架 35 貳、媒體治理之比較分析框架 40 第三章 研究方法 47 第一節 文獻分析法 47 第二節 深度訪談法 48 壹、選擇原因說明 48 貳、訪談對象說明 49 參、訪談過程說明 51 第三節 內容分析法與主題分析法 51 壹、內容分析法 51 貳、主題分析法 57 第四章 中國大陸網路直播媒體發展現狀 59 第一節 網路直播及其發展流變 59 壹、網路直播的概念 59 貳、網路直播的發展階段與類型 60 第二節 網路直播的技術、產業/市場與文化子系統 65 壹、技術子系統:多元技術支持下的移動互動串流服務 65 貳、產業/市場子系統:追逐流量的數位經濟 72 叁、文化子系統:次文化交織下的顏值消費與話語權更迭 80 第五章 網路直播媒體的中國式多元治理 85 第一節 中國大陸網路直播治理理念與歷程 85 壹、傳統視聽媒體的監管理念與傳統 85 貳、網路直播治理的政策歷程 89 叁、網路視聽媒體治理的法律規範 93 第二節 中國大陸網路直播的治理主體 96 壹、政府主體:從「九龍治水」到「一個中心」 96 貳、縱向多層級政府主體:從中央到地方的四級模式 106 叁、社會與社群主體:行業協會、業者自律與社群監督 109 第三節 中國大陸網路直播的政策法規分析 120 壹、網路直播的結構法規:分類處理的准入制度 120 貳、網路直播的內容法規:內容主題與行政分級 125 第四節 中國大陸網路直播的治理框架分析 133 壹、中國式多元治理理念分析 135 貳、中國式多元治理主體分析 136 叁、複雜化的治理機制與過程 137 肆、差異化的政策活動層級 139 第五節 網路直播的「中國式多元治理」 141 壹、比較分析框架下的「中國式多元治理」 141 貳、中國大陸網際網路治理的典範轉向 145 第六章結論 149 第一節 研究的主要結論 149 第二節 研究的貢獻、局限與未來展望 155 注釋 158 參考書目 161zh_TW
dc.format.extent 5193488 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105463506en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 網路直播zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 多元zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 媒體治理zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中國大陸zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 網際網路治理zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Live streamingen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) pluralismen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) media governanceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) mainland Chinaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) internet governanceen_US
dc.title (題名) 中國式多元治理:以中國大陸網路直播治理為例zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Chinese Approach to Pluralistic Governance: A Study of Live Streaming Governance in Mainland Chinaen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
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