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題名 哪有工作不委屈？探索職場委屈感
Where Can You Find a Job Without Any Grievances? Exploring the Feeling of Grievances in the Workplace.
作者 鄭靖玟
Cheng, Ching-Wen
貢獻者 許書瑋
Hsu, Shu-Wei
鄭靖玟
Cheng, Ching-Wen
關鍵詞 職場委屈感
現象學
員工心理健康
工作滿意度
Workplace grievances
Phenomenology
Employee mental health
Job satisfaction
日期 2024
上傳時間 5-Aug-2024 12:11:57 (UTC+8)
摘要 在現今職場中，工作中的委屈感幾乎是每個人都曾經歷過的問題。無論是與同事發生衝突、受到不公平的對待，還是覺得自己付出很多努力卻沒有得到應有的回報，這些情況都會讓員工感到挫折甚至沮喪，進而導致心理壓力，影響到員工的滿意度及生產力，企業也因此受到巨大的影響。 本研究旨在探索職場中的委屈感，釐清員工在工作中所感受到的委屈，並探討是什麼原因他們願意忍受委屈。透過深度訪談，分析了不同產業和部門員工的職場經驗，揭示了委屈感的來源、心理過程及其應對策略。本研究發現，員工的委屈感主要來自於不合理的對待、感覺被欺騙以及與自我價值觀不符的事件。這些委屈感會影響員工的工作滿意度和心理健康，進而影響其工作表現和職業發展。 研究結果顯示，員工在面對委屈時，會經歷除罪、擔罪和犧牲的心理過程。他們首先會試圖證明自己無辜，強調自身的努力和貢獻，然後在心理上承擔責任，儘管他們認為自己並無過錯。這些心理過程反映了員工在面對職場不公時的內心掙扎和適應機制。本研究的貢獻在於，透過現象學方法深入了解員工的主觀經驗，揭示了職場委屈感的複雜性和多樣性。管理層可以通過更好地理解和處理員工的情感需求，改善工作環境，提高員工的工作滿意度和效能。
In today's workplace, almost everyone has experienced feelings of grievance. Conflicts with colleagues, unfair treatment, or unrecognized efforts can lead to frustration and psychological stress, affecting job satisfaction and productivity, and ultimately impacting the organization. This study explores workplace grievances, clarifies the grievances employees feel, and investigates why they endure them. Through in-depth interviews with employees from various industries and departments, the study reveals the sources of grievances, psychological processes, and coping strategies. It finds that grievances mainly stem from unreasonable treatment, feeling deceived, and misalignment with personal values. These grievances affect job satisfaction, mental health, work performance, and career development. Research shows that employees facing grievances go through psychological processes of exoneration, bearing guilt, and sacrifice. They first try to prove their innocence by emphasizing their efforts, then psychologically assume responsibility even if they believe they are not at fault. These processes reflect their inner struggles and adaptive mechanisms against workplace injustice. This study contributes by using phenomenological methods to deeply understand employees' subjective experiences, revealing the complexity of workplace grievances. Management can improve the work environment and enhance employee satisfaction and efficiency by better understanding and addressing employees' emotional needs.
參考文獻 參考文獻 中文參考資料 余德慧、徐臨嘉（1993），詮釋中國人的悲怨。本土心理學研究，第一期，頁301-328。 許維素（1995），社會研究方法。台北，五南圖書出版公司。 胡幼慧（1996），質性研究：理論、方法及本土女性主義的實踐。台北，巨流。 潘淑滿（2003），質性研究：理論與應用。台北，心理出版社。 蔡錚雲（2004），現象學心理學的理論及應用。 現象學與人文科學，一期，頁51-84。 英文參考資料 Ambrose, M. L., & Schminke, M. (2009). The role of overall justice judgments in organizational justice research: A test of mediation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(2), 491-500. Amabile, T. M., Hill, K. G., Hennessey, B. A., & Tighe, E. M. (1994). The work preference inventory: Assessing intrinsic and extrinsic motivational orientations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(5), 950-967. Baumeister, R. F., & Vohs, K. D. (2002). The pursuit of meaningfulness in life. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology, 608-618. Oxford University Press. Bennett, R. J. (1998). Taking the sting out of dealing with grievances. HR Focus, 75(4), 16-18. Bies, R. J., & Moag, J. S. (1986). Interactional Justice: Communication Criteria of Fairness. In R. J. Lewicki, B. H. Sheppard, & M. H. Bazerman (Eds.), Research on Negotiation in Organizations (Vol. 1), 43-55. JAI Press. Colquitt, J. A., Conlon, D. E., Wesson, M. J., Porter, C. O., & Ng, K. Y. (2001). Justice at the millennium: A meta-analytic review of 25 years of organizational justice research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 425-445. Conklin, T. A. (2012). Work worth doing: A phenomenological study of the experience of discovering and following one's calling. Journal of Management Inquiry, 21(3), 298-317. Crabtree, B. F., & Miller, W. L. (1992). Doing Qualitative Research. Sage Publications. Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2017). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. Sage Publications. Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. Harper & Row. de Rond, M., Lok, J., & Marrison, L. (2022). Governing (through) Discomfort: Managing Conflict and Change in Healthcare Organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 65(1), 1-29. Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (Eds.). (2011). The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research. Sage Publications. Elovainio, M., Kivimäki, M., & Vahtera, J. (2002). Organizational Justice: Evidence of a New Psychosocial Predictor of Health. American Journal of Public Health, 92(1), 105-108. Folger, R., & Cropanzano, R. (1998). Organizational Justice and Human Resource Management. Sage Publications. Frankl, V. E. (1985). Man's Search for Meaning. Washington Square Press. Frost, P. J. (2004). Handling Toxic Emotions: New Challenges for Leaders and their Organizations. Organizational Dynamics, 33(2), 111-127. Gallup. (2022). State of the Global Workplace: 2022 Report. Gallup Press. Greenberg, J. (1990). Organizational Justice: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow. Journal of Management, 16(2), 399-432. Han, S. J., Bonn, M. A., & Cho, M. (2016). The relationship between customer incivility, restaurant frontline service employee burnout and turnover intention. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 52, 97-106. Hochschild, A. R. (2012). The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling. University of California Press. Hycner, R. H. (1985). Some guidelines for the phenomenological analysis of interview data. Human Studies, 8(3), 279-303. Kersley, B., Alpin, C., Forth, J., Bryson, A., Bewley, H., Dix, G., & Oxenbridge, S. (2006). Inside the Workplace: Findings from the 2004 Workplace Employment Relations Survey. Routledge. Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. Springer Publishing Company. Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. (2003). Areas of Worklife: A Structured Approach to Organizational Predictors of Job Burnout. In P. L. Perrewé & D. C. Ganster (Eds.), Research in Occupational Stress and Well-being (Vol. 3), 91-134. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Lewin, D., & Peterson, R. B. (1988). The Modern Grievance Procedure in the United States. Greenwood Press. Lind, E. A., & Tyler, T. R. (1988). The Social Psychology of Procedural Justice. Plenum Press. Lipsky, D. B., Seeber, R. L., & Fincher, R. D. (2003). Emerging Systems for Managing Workplace Conflict: Lessons from American Corporations for Managers and Dispute Resolution Professionals. Jossey-Bass. Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 2(2), 99-113. Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2016). Burnout in the Workplace: A Special Issue. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 1-19. McFarlin, D. B., & Sweeney, P. D. (1992). Distributive and procedural justice as predictors of satisfaction with personal and organizational outcomes. Academy of Management Journal, 35(3), 626-637. Moustakas, C. (1994). Phenomenological Research Methods. Sage Publications. Polkinghorne, D. E. (1989). Phenomenological Research Methods. In R. S. Valle & S. Halling (Eds.), Existential-Phenomenological Perspectives in Psychology, 41-60. Springer. Saunders, M. N., & Thornhill, A. (2003). Organizational justice, trust and the management of change: An exploration. Personnel Review, 32(3), 360-375. Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Authentic Happiness: Using the New Positive Psychology to Realize Your Potential for Lasting Fulfillment. Free Press. Skarlicki, D. P., & Folger, R. (1997). Retaliation in the workplace: The roles of distributive, procedural, and interactional justice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82(3), 434-443. Smith, J. A., Flowers, P., & Larkin, M. (2009). Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: Theory, Method and Research. Sage Publications. Steger, M. F. (2017). Meaning in life and work. In S. Lopez, L. Edwards, & S. Marques (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of positive psychology (3rd ed), 679-689. Oxford University Press. Teague, P., Roche, W. K., & Hann, D. (2012). The dynamics of workplace conflict: Understanding the trends and the impact of conflict management systems. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 50(2), 484-508. Tyler, T. R., & Blader, S. L. (2003). The Group Engagement Model: Procedural Justice, Social Identity, and Cooperative Behavior. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 7(4), 349-361. Van Manen, M. (1990). Researching Lived Experience: Human Science for an Action Sensitive Pedagogy. State University of New York Press. Withey, M. J., & Cooper, W. H. (1989). Predicting exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect. Administrative Science Quarterly, 34(4), 521-539. Wrzesniewski, A., McCauley, C., Rozin, P., & Schwartz, B. (1997). Jobs, careers, and callings: People's relations to their work. Journal of Research in Personality, 31(1), 21-33. 
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程)
111363049
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111363049
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 許書瑋zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Hsu, Shu-Weien_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 鄭靖玟zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Cheng, Ching-Wenen_US
dc.creator (作者) 鄭靖玟zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Cheng, Ching-Wenen_US
dc.date (日期) 2024en_US
dc.date.accessioned 5-Aug-2024 12:11:57 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 5-Aug-2024 12:11:57 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 5-Aug-2024 12:11:57 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0111363049en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/152436-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 111363049zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 在現今職場中，工作中的委屈感幾乎是每個人都曾經歷過的問題。無論是與同事發生衝突、受到不公平的對待，還是覺得自己付出很多努力卻沒有得到應有的回報，這些情況都會讓員工感到挫折甚至沮喪，進而導致心理壓力，影響到員工的滿意度及生產力，企業也因此受到巨大的影響。 本研究旨在探索職場中的委屈感，釐清員工在工作中所感受到的委屈，並探討是什麼原因他們願意忍受委屈。透過深度訪談，分析了不同產業和部門員工的職場經驗，揭示了委屈感的來源、心理過程及其應對策略。本研究發現，員工的委屈感主要來自於不合理的對待、感覺被欺騙以及與自我價值觀不符的事件。這些委屈感會影響員工的工作滿意度和心理健康，進而影響其工作表現和職業發展。 研究結果顯示，員工在面對委屈時，會經歷除罪、擔罪和犧牲的心理過程。他們首先會試圖證明自己無辜，強調自身的努力和貢獻，然後在心理上承擔責任，儘管他們認為自己並無過錯。這些心理過程反映了員工在面對職場不公時的內心掙扎和適應機制。本研究的貢獻在於，透過現象學方法深入了解員工的主觀經驗，揭示了職場委屈感的複雜性和多樣性。管理層可以通過更好地理解和處理員工的情感需求，改善工作環境，提高員工的工作滿意度和效能。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) In today's workplace, almost everyone has experienced feelings of grievance. Conflicts with colleagues, unfair treatment, or unrecognized efforts can lead to frustration and psychological stress, affecting job satisfaction and productivity, and ultimately impacting the organization. This study explores workplace grievances, clarifies the grievances employees feel, and investigates why they endure them. Through in-depth interviews with employees from various industries and departments, the study reveals the sources of grievances, psychological processes, and coping strategies. It finds that grievances mainly stem from unreasonable treatment, feeling deceived, and misalignment with personal values. These grievances affect job satisfaction, mental health, work performance, and career development. Research shows that employees facing grievances go through psychological processes of exoneration, bearing guilt, and sacrifice. They first try to prove their innocence by emphasizing their efforts, then psychologically assume responsibility even if they believe they are not at fault. These processes reflect their inner struggles and adaptive mechanisms against workplace injustice. This study contributes by using phenomenological methods to deeply understand employees' subjective experiences, revealing the complexity of workplace grievances. Management can improve the work environment and enhance employee satisfaction and efficiency by better understanding and addressing employees' emotional needs.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1 第二章 文獻回顧 3 第一節、 委屈感的形成原因 3 第二節、 委屈感的心理與現象學視角 6 第三節、 委屈感的影響 7 第四節、 委屈管理的程序與策略 8 第三章 研究方法 10 第一節、 研究方法 10 第二節、 研究對象 11 第三節、 研究步驟 13 第四章 研究結果 15 第一節、 有不好的事情發生在我身上 16 第二節、 除罪：找到證據說自己沒錯 25 第三節、 擔罪：心理上認為自己沒責任，但礙於現實而承擔 29 第四節、 犧牲？感覺自己為了更大的目標而忍耐 33 第五章 研究結論與建議 38 第一節、 研究發現與實務意涵 38 第二節、 研究限制與未來發展 40 參考文獻 42 附錄、訪談大綱 46zh_TW
dc.format.extent 905988 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111363049en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 職場委屈感zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 現象學zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 員工心理健康zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 工作滿意度zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Workplace grievancesen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Phenomenologyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Employee mental healthen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Job satisfactionen_US
dc.title (題名) 哪有工作不委屈？探索職場委屈感zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Where Can You Find a Job Without Any Grievances? Exploring the Feeling of Grievances in the Workplace.en_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 參考文獻 中文參考資料 余德慧、徐臨嘉（1993），詮釋中國人的悲怨。本土心理學研究，第一期，頁301-328。 許維素（1995），社會研究方法。台北，五南圖書出版公司。 胡幼慧（1996），質性研究：理論、方法及本土女性主義的實踐。台北，巨流。 潘淑滿（2003），質性研究：理論與應用。台北，心理出版社。 蔡錚雲（2004），現象學心理學的理論及應用。 現象學與人文科學，一期，頁51-84。 英文參考資料 Ambrose, M. L., & Schminke, M. (2009). The role of overall justice judgments in organizational justice research: A test of mediation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(2), 491-500. Amabile, T. M., Hill, K. G., Hennessey, B. A., & Tighe, E. M. (1994). The work preference inventory: Assessing intrinsic and extrinsic motivational orientations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(5), 950-967. Baumeister, R. F., & Vohs, K. D. (2002). The pursuit of meaningfulness in life. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology, 608-618. Oxford University Press. Bennett, R. J. (1998). Taking the sting out of dealing with grievances. HR Focus, 75(4), 16-18. Bies, R. J., & Moag, J. S. (1986). Interactional Justice: Communication Criteria of Fairness. In R. J. Lewicki, B. H. Sheppard, & M. H. Bazerman (Eds.), Research on Negotiation in Organizations (Vol. 1), 43-55. JAI Press. Colquitt, J. A., Conlon, D. E., Wesson, M. J., Porter, C. O., & Ng, K. Y. (2001). Justice at the millennium: A meta-analytic review of 25 years of organizational justice research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 425-445. Conklin, T. A. (2012). Work worth doing: A phenomenological study of the experience of discovering and following one's calling. Journal of Management Inquiry, 21(3), 298-317. Crabtree, B. F., & Miller, W. L. (1992). Doing Qualitative Research. Sage Publications. Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2017). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. Sage Publications. Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. Harper & Row. de Rond, M., Lok, J., & Marrison, L. (2022). Governing (through) Discomfort: Managing Conflict and Change in Healthcare Organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 65(1), 1-29. Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (Eds.). (2011). The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research. Sage Publications. Elovainio, M., Kivimäki, M., & Vahtera, J. (2002). Organizational Justice: Evidence of a New Psychosocial Predictor of Health. American Journal of Public Health, 92(1), 105-108. Folger, R., & Cropanzano, R. (1998). Organizational Justice and Human Resource Management. Sage Publications. Frankl, V. E. (1985). Man's Search for Meaning. Washington Square Press. Frost, P. J. (2004). Handling Toxic Emotions: New Challenges for Leaders and their Organizations. Organizational Dynamics, 33(2), 111-127. Gallup. (2022). State of the Global Workplace: 2022 Report. Gallup Press. Greenberg, J. (1990). Organizational Justice: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow. Journal of Management, 16(2), 399-432. Han, S. J., Bonn, M. A., & Cho, M. (2016). The relationship between customer incivility, restaurant frontline service employee burnout and turnover intention. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 52, 97-106. Hochschild, A. R. (2012). The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling. University of California Press. Hycner, R. H. (1985). Some guidelines for the phenomenological analysis of interview data. Human Studies, 8(3), 279-303. Kersley, B., Alpin, C., Forth, J., Bryson, A., Bewley, H., Dix, G., & Oxenbridge, S. (2006). Inside the Workplace: Findings from the 2004 Workplace Employment Relations Survey. Routledge. Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. Springer Publishing Company. Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. (2003). Areas of Worklife: A Structured Approach to Organizational Predictors of Job Burnout. In P. L. Perrewé & D. C. Ganster (Eds.), Research in Occupational Stress and Well-being (Vol. 3), 91-134. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Lewin, D., & Peterson, R. B. (1988). The Modern Grievance Procedure in the United States. Greenwood Press. Lind, E. A., & Tyler, T. R. (1988). The Social Psychology of Procedural Justice. Plenum Press. Lipsky, D. B., Seeber, R. L., & Fincher, R. D. (2003). Emerging Systems for Managing Workplace Conflict: Lessons from American Corporations for Managers and Dispute Resolution Professionals. Jossey-Bass. Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 2(2), 99-113. Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2016). Burnout in the Workplace: A Special Issue. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 1-19. McFarlin, D. B., & Sweeney, P. D. (1992). Distributive and procedural justice as predictors of satisfaction with personal and organizational outcomes. Academy of Management Journal, 35(3), 626-637. Moustakas, C. (1994). Phenomenological Research Methods. Sage Publications. Polkinghorne, D. E. (1989). Phenomenological Research Methods. In R. S. Valle & S. Halling (Eds.), Existential-Phenomenological Perspectives in Psychology, 41-60. Springer. Saunders, M. N., & Thornhill, A. (2003). Organizational justice, trust and the management of change: An exploration. Personnel Review, 32(3), 360-375. Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Authentic Happiness: Using the New Positive Psychology to Realize Your Potential for Lasting Fulfillment. Free Press. Skarlicki, D. P., & Folger, R. (1997). Retaliation in the workplace: The roles of distributive, procedural, and interactional justice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82(3), 434-443. Smith, J. A., Flowers, P., & Larkin, M. (2009). Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: Theory, Method and Research. Sage Publications. Steger, M. F. (2017). Meaning in life and work. In S. Lopez, L. Edwards, & S. Marques (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of positive psychology (3rd ed), 679-689. Oxford University Press. Teague, P., Roche, W. K., & Hann, D. (2012). The dynamics of workplace conflict: Understanding the trends and the impact of conflict management systems. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 50(2), 484-508. Tyler, T. R., & Blader, S. L. (2003). The Group Engagement Model: Procedural Justice, Social Identity, and Cooperative Behavior. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 7(4), 349-361. Van Manen, M. (1990). Researching Lived Experience: Human Science for an Action Sensitive Pedagogy. State University of New York Press. Withey, M. J., & Cooper, W. H. (1989). Predicting exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect. Administrative Science Quarterly, 34(4), 521-539. Wrzesniewski, A., McCauley, C., Rozin, P., & Schwartz, B. (1997). Jobs, careers, and callings: People's relations to their work. Journal of Research in Personality, 31(1), 21-33. zh_TW