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題名 從專利分析探討企業發明人流動與組織間知識創造之關係 ─以Intel與AMD為例
Discussing the Relationship Between Enterprise Inventor Mobility and Inter-Organizational Knowledge Creation Through Patent Analysis ─ Based on Intel and AMD作者 張詠晴
Chang, Yung-Ching貢獻者 宋皇志
Sung, Huang-Chih
張詠晴
Chang, Yung-Ching關鍵詞 組織間知識創造
流動發明人
專利分析
人力資源管理
Inter-organizational knowledge creation
Inventors mobility
Patent analysis
Human resource management日期 2024 上傳時間 4-九月-2024 14:00:17 (UTC+8) 摘要 在半導體產業中，隨摩爾定律極限、關鍵技術的研發需求快速提升，各競爭廠商為了鞏固與維持市場地位，積極在投入大量資源於技術的研發與創新之上。對於研發人力資源的管理與培育亦成為重要的議題，因技術密集的產業仰賴具備專業知識的人才，維持一定的技術水準，而產業中常見的減少技術落差的手段，即為透過延攬競爭對手重要人力的方式，來取得重要的關鍵技術。 CPU架構之關鍵設計廠商Intel與AMD亦有頻繁透過此方法招聘人力資源的現象，兩間企業目前自成立以來皆處於激烈的競爭關係中，惟近年擁有主要關鍵技術的Intel市場地位受到AMD很強烈的威脅。從人力資源管理與知識創造的角度出發，兩間企業在面對人員流動時，是否有甚麼策略優勢使其得以在市場上佔有目前的領導地位，為本研究之主要研究目的。 在本研究利用專利分析進行個案研究，以Intel與AMD兩間公司之專利資料為研究對象與範圍，參考知識創造理論，並輔以發明人流動、發明人組合理論與發明人網絡理論建立本研究之架構，探討兩間個案公司之間發明人員的流動與組織間知識創造的現象與差異。透過專利分析補充組織間知識創造理論以及實務個案案例之空白，呈現知識創造流程中如何以專利分析輔以作為研發協作人力資源配置時的決策考量依據。 本研究透過兩間個案公司之專利資料分析，取得以下三點研究發現： 1.AMD流動到Intel人員佔比較高，而流動至AMD之人員有較高比例參與組織間知識協作與知識創造。 2.發明人在流動前後於發明人組合中的相對位置有差異。 3.企業在不同技術發展階段的人力選配策略不同，低效發明人與天才發明人在組織間的知識協作與知識創造佔有重要地位。
In the semiconductor industry, with the limits of Moore's Law and the rapid increase in R&D demands for key technologies, competing manufacturers are actively investing a large amounts of resources in technology R&D and innovation in order to consolidate and maintain their market position. The management and cultivation of R&D human resources have also become an important issue because technology-intensive industries rely on talents with professional knowledge to maintain a certain technical level, and a common method in the industry to reduce the technological gap is to recruit competitors’ important inventor to obtain key technologies. Intel and AMD, the key designers of Central Processing Unit, also frequently recruit talented inventors through this method. The two companies have been in a fierce competition since their establishment. However, in recent years, Intel's market position with major key technologies has been greatly affected by AMD. From the perspective of human resource management and knowledge creation, the main purpose of this study is whether the two companies have any strategic advantages that enable them to occupy the current leading position in the market when facing inventors mobility. In this study, patent analysis is used to conduct a case study, taking the patent data of Intel and AMD as the research object and scope, referring to the knowledge creation theory, and supplemented by the technology life cycle theory, inventor portfolio model and inventor network theory to establish this study. The structure of the research explores the phenomena and differences in the mobility of inventors and inter-organizational knowledge creation between two case companies. Through patent analysis, it supplements the gaps in the theory of inter-organizational knowledge creation and practical cases, and shows how patent analysis can be used as a basis for decision-making considerations in the allocation of human resources for R&D collaboration in the knowledge creation process. Through the analysis of patent data of two case companies, this study obtained the following three research findings: 1. A relatively high proportion of AMD inventors move to Intel, and a higher proportion of inventors who move to AMD participate in inter-organizational knowledge collaboration and knowledge creation. 2. There is a difference in the relative position of the inventor in the inventor profolio before and after the transfer. 3. Enterprises have different human resource strategies in different stages of technology development. 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國立政治大學
科技管理與智慧財產研究所
111364208資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111364208 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 宋皇志 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Sung, Huang-Chih en_US dc.contributor.author (作者) 張詠晴 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) Chang, Yung-Ching en_US dc.creator (作者) 張詠晴 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Chang, Yung-Ching en_US dc.date (日期) 2024 en_US dc.date.accessioned 4-九月-2024 14:00:17 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 4-九月-2024 14:00:17 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 4-九月-2024 14:00:17 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0111364208 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/153135 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 科技管理與智慧財產研究所 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 111364208 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 在半導體產業中，隨摩爾定律極限、關鍵技術的研發需求快速提升，各競爭廠商為了鞏固與維持市場地位，積極在投入大量資源於技術的研發與創新之上。對於研發人力資源的管理與培育亦成為重要的議題，因技術密集的產業仰賴具備專業知識的人才，維持一定的技術水準，而產業中常見的減少技術落差的手段，即為透過延攬競爭對手重要人力的方式，來取得重要的關鍵技術。 CPU架構之關鍵設計廠商Intel與AMD亦有頻繁透過此方法招聘人力資源的現象，兩間企業目前自成立以來皆處於激烈的競爭關係中，惟近年擁有主要關鍵技術的Intel市場地位受到AMD很強烈的威脅。從人力資源管理與知識創造的角度出發，兩間企業在面對人員流動時，是否有甚麼策略優勢使其得以在市場上佔有目前的領導地位，為本研究之主要研究目的。 在本研究利用專利分析進行個案研究，以Intel與AMD兩間公司之專利資料為研究對象與範圍，參考知識創造理論，並輔以發明人流動、發明人組合理論與發明人網絡理論建立本研究之架構，探討兩間個案公司之間發明人員的流動與組織間知識創造的現象與差異。透過專利分析補充組織間知識創造理論以及實務個案案例之空白，呈現知識創造流程中如何以專利分析輔以作為研發協作人力資源配置時的決策考量依據。 本研究透過兩間個案公司之專利資料分析，取得以下三點研究發現： 1.AMD流動到Intel人員佔比較高，而流動至AMD之人員有較高比例參與組織間知識協作與知識創造。 2.發明人在流動前後於發明人組合中的相對位置有差異。 3.企業在不同技術發展階段的人力選配策略不同，低效發明人與天才發明人在組織間的知識協作與知識創造佔有重要地位。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) In the semiconductor industry, with the limits of Moore's Law and the rapid increase in R&D demands for key technologies, competing manufacturers are actively investing a large amounts of resources in technology R&D and innovation in order to consolidate and maintain their market position. The management and cultivation of R&D human resources have also become an important issue because technology-intensive industries rely on talents with professional knowledge to maintain a certain technical level, and a common method in the industry to reduce the technological gap is to recruit competitors’ important inventor to obtain key technologies. Intel and AMD, the key designers of Central Processing Unit, also frequently recruit talented inventors through this method. The two companies have been in a fierce competition since their establishment. However, in recent years, Intel's market position with major key technologies has been greatly affected by AMD. From the perspective of human resource management and knowledge creation, the main purpose of this study is whether the two companies have any strategic advantages that enable them to occupy the current leading position in the market when facing inventors mobility. In this study, patent analysis is used to conduct a case study, taking the patent data of Intel and AMD as the research object and scope, referring to the knowledge creation theory, and supplemented by the technology life cycle theory, inventor portfolio model and inventor network theory to establish this study. The structure of the research explores the phenomena and differences in the mobility of inventors and inter-organizational knowledge creation between two case companies. Through patent analysis, it supplements the gaps in the theory of inter-organizational knowledge creation and practical cases, and shows how patent analysis can be used as a basis for decision-making considerations in the allocation of human resources for R&D collaboration in the knowledge creation process. Through the analysis of patent data of two case companies, this study obtained the following three research findings: 1. A relatively high proportion of AMD inventors move to Intel, and a higher proportion of inventors who move to AMD participate in inter-organizational knowledge collaboration and knowledge creation. 2. There is a difference in the relative position of the inventor in the inventor profolio before and after the transfer. 3. Enterprises have different human resource strategies in different stages of technology development. Inefficient inventors and genius inventors play an important role in knowledge collaboration and knowledge creation between organizations. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究背景與動機 1 第二節 研究目的與問題 3 第三節 研究流程 4 第四節 研究限制 5 第二章 文獻探討 6 第一節 人力資源管理與發明人流動理論 6 第二節 組織間知識創造理論 9 第三節 發明人研究理論 15 第四節 文獻探討小結 21 第三章 研究架構與方法 23 第一節 研究架構 23 第二節 研究工具 28 第三節 研究對象與範圍 29 第四章 產業與個案公司簡介 36 第一節 IC產業介紹 36 第二節 個案公司介紹 39 第三節 個案公司專利樣態分析 43 第四節 產業與個案公司簡介小結 52 第五章 研究發現與討論 55 第一節 流動發明人之專利概要 55 第二節 流動人員之發明人組合 71 第三節 流動人員變化分析 79 第六章 研究結論與建議 85 第一節 研究結論 85 第二節 管理意涵 88 第三節 研究限制與建議 90 參考文獻 91 zh_TW dc.format.extent 2455007 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111364208 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 組織間知識創造 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 流動發明人 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 專利分析 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 人力資源管理 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Inter-organizational knowledge creation en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Inventors mobility en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Patent analysis en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Human resource management en_US dc.title (題名) 從專利分析探討企業發明人流動與組織間知識創造之關係 ─以Intel與AMD為例 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Discussing the Relationship Between Enterprise Inventor Mobility and Inter-Organizational Knowledge Creation Through Patent Analysis ─ Based on Intel and AMD en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文書籍 朱延智（2014）。人力資源管理（二版）：五南圖書出版股份有限公司。 克里斯．米勒（2023）。晶片戰爭：矽時代的新賽局，解析地緣政治下全球最關鍵科技的創新、商業模式與台灣的未來（CHIP WAR: The Fight for the World’s Most Critical Technology）（洪慧芳譯）（初版））。 台灣：天下雜誌。 周延鵬、曾志偉、林家聖、徐歷農、薛曉偉、周靜, . . . 唐家耀（2023）。專利營運的新機制：運用AI分析專利資訊，輔助經營管理者做出關鍵決策（初版））。 台灣：時報出版。 禹皇帝（2023）。Smart投資半導體 掌握半導體生態系一本通，材料、設計、設備股完美分析！（陳家怡林志英譯）（初版））。 台灣：新樂園出版社。 謝志峰、陳大明（2019）。一本書看懂晶片產業：給未來科技人的入門指南）：早安財經。 中文報告 徐瑋成（2023）。全球處理器龍頭Intel發展分析。MIC AISP情報顧問服務。財團法人資訊工業策進會。 黃馨（2021）。國際處理器大廠產品布局策略分析-AMD。MIC AISP情報顧問服務。財團法人資訊工業策進會。 中文期刊 阮明淑、梁峻齊（2009）。專利指標發展研究。圖書館學與資訊科學， 35（2） 翁順裕、賴奎魁（2009）。從社會網絡分析觀點探討技術的趨同性－以保險商業方法專利為例。管理學報， 26（5），頁 485-506。doi: 10.6504/jom.2009.26.05.01。 張書豪（2016）。以多重觀點探討國際間技術領域知識流動策略。商略學報， 8（3），頁 159-176 蕭婉鎔、黃同圳（2012）。跨層次探討影響團隊成員知識分享行為之研究。管理與系統， 19（3），頁 433-461 中文論文 李志村（2006）。台灣電腦晶片組設計業經營問題與競爭優勢分析。碩士，國立政治大學科技管理研究所，台北市。 官逸人（2015）。台灣IC產業專利發明人的合作網絡機制。博士，國立政治大學社會學研究所，台北市。 許哲榮（2007）。專利引證網絡對創新能力之影響分析:以全球半導體廠商為例。碩士，國立臺灣大學經濟學研究所。 陳思穎（2018）。台灣半導體合作創新之網絡分布特性。碩士，中國文化大學都市計劃與開發管理學系，台北市。 楊尚芸（2019）。核心技術創新持續性與專利廣度及深度─以半導體產業為例。碩士，國立政治大學經濟學系。 中文網頁 Chevelle.fu（2023年1月24日）。透過封裝結合 CPU 與 GPU 的異構 SoC 為何成為 AMD 、 Intel 與 NVIDIA 競相推出的資料中心與 HPC 關鍵技術。取自 https://www.cool3c.com/article/187997。最後瀏覽日 2023年7月12日。 GIGABYTE（2022年9月14日）。CPU vs. GPU：淺談伺服器的兩大運算力。取自 https://www.gigabyte.com/tw/Article/cpu-vs-gpu-which-processor-is-right-for-you Mashdigi（2023年2月17日）。Intel 透露將對外授權 X86 架構，可能提供「X86 + Arm」等異構設計產品。取自 https://www.inside.com.tw/article/26724-intels-plan-to-license-x86-cores-for-chips-with-arm-risc-v-and-more-inside。最後瀏覽日 2023年08月07日。 尹慧中（2023年8月4日）。人才短缺 半導體業大挑戰，經濟日報。取自 https://money.udn.com/money/story/5612/7345460。最後瀏覽日 2023年12月6日。 孚創雲端（2023a）。主要專利數據庫。取自https://app.patentcloud.com/data-status.html?__hstc=92158149.bb12c559382a96cc47aa8195cee8afd2.1657575509348.1658091894174.1658138250601.6&__hssc=92158149.4.1658281984375&__hsfp=1808647293&_gl=1*ourpmn*_ga*NTgyNDI5NjcuMTY1NzU3NTUwOQ..*_ga_GTLMQEG9VF*MTY1ODI5MzEzNS40NS4xLjE2NTgyOTMzMjkuMA..&_ga=2.109879686.284098141.1658042089-58242967.1657575509。最後瀏覽日 2023年11月28日。 孚創雲端（2023b）。專利權人(Assignee)、標準專利權人(Assignee Std)、當前專利權人(Current Assignee)三者有什麼不同? 資料與語法。取自 https://helpcenter.inquartik.com/zh-tw/%E5%B0%88%E5%88%A9%E6%AC%8A%E4%BA%BAassignee%E8%88%87%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E5%B0%88%E5%88%A9%E6%AC%8A%E4%BA%BAstd-assignee。最後瀏覽日 2023年11月23日。 康彰榮（2023年8月10日）。研究：美半導體招兵 至少等數月，工商時報。取自 https://ieknet.iek.org.tw/ieknews/news_detail.aspx?actiontype=ieknews&indu_idno=1&nsl_id=fdb76339d2094c36b9f65a739af347da。最後瀏覽日 2023年8月10日。 許庭睿（2023年8月31日）。小晶片、異質整合成半導體顯學！用最簡單的方式讀懂 Chiplet、SoC、SiP，科技新報。取自 https://technews.tw/2023/08/31/integrating-small-chips-heterogeneous-components-into-semiconductor-epiphanies/。最後瀏覽日 2023年11月22日。 傅秉祥（2023年8月1日）。異質整合高峰論壇 半導體大廠齊聚，工商時報。取自 https://ieknet.iek.org.tw/ieknews/news_detail.aspx?actiontype=ieknews&indu_idno=1&nsl_id=50f280c98fd34158a4dbe76bd5bbe733。最後瀏覽日 2023年8月2日。 經濟部智慧財產局（2023）。柒、附錄-IC產業之IPC分類號對照表。取自 https://pcm.tipo.gov.tw/PCM2010/PCM/commercial/03/china_07.aspx。最後瀏覽日 2023年11月24日。 雷鋒網（2023年11月26日）。十年風光、十年潛沉，AMD 的二次逆襲之路，科技新報。取自 https://technews.tw/2020/12/03/amd-second-counterattack/。最後瀏覽日 2023年6月8日。 鍾榮峰（2023年8月7日）。蔣尚義：積體小晶片成趨勢 CoWoS封裝突破製程瓶頸，中央社。取自 https://ieknet.iek.org.tw/ieknews/news_detail.aspx?actiontype=ieknews&indu_idno=1&nsl_id=634f982bcf324301a6548f82eea8f00c。最後瀏覽日 2023年8月9日。 英文書籍 Wei, Q.、Zhang, Q.、Yan, R.、Wu, X. 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