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題名 緬甸的軍事政變與民主政治的變局
Portraying Changing Faces of Military Coup and Its Implications to Democracy in Myanmar作者 曾孟揚
Tseng, Meng-Yang貢獻者 楊昊
Yang, Hao
曾孟揚
Tseng, Meng-Yang關鍵詞 緬甸
軍事政變
民主過渡
全國民主聯盟
政治發展
憲法改革
國際反應
戒律式民主
軍文關係
Myanmar
Military Coups
Democratic Transition
National League for Democracy (NLD)
Political Development
Constitutional Reform
International Response
Disciplined Democracy
Civil-Military Relations日期 2024 上傳時間 4-Sep-2024 14:22:55 (UTC+8) 摘要 本文探討了緬甸的軍事政變及其對民主政治的影響。研究分析了從全國民主聯盟（NLD）在2015年和2020年選舉中取得勝利，到2021年軍事政變的過程，及此事件對緬甸民主進程的深遠影響。論文採用了歷史分析法，詳細回顧了緬甸從殖民時期到獨立後的政治發展，並重點分析了軍政府與民選政府之間的關係演變。 研究發現，緬甸的民主化進程受到多重內外部因素的影響，其中軍方的政治角色尤為關鍵。軍方長期掌握政治權力並透過憲法賦予自身廣泛的政治與行政權力，形成了所謂的「戒律式民主」，嚴重制約了民主制度的發展。此外，軍事政變常常是在軍方感受到政權威脅時發動，特別是在民選政府試圖修憲削弱軍方權力時更是如此。 2021年的政變不僅終結了緬甸短暫的民主開放期，也暴露了國內外對緬甸政治未來的深刻擔憂。軍方推翻民選政府後，國際社會的反應迅速而強烈，但國內外的壓力未能阻止軍政府鞏固權力。本文通過對緬甸軍事政變的案例分析，不僅揭示了軍政府與民主政治之間錯綜複雜的關係，也對緬甸未來的政治發展提出了重要的政策建議。 最後，國際社會應加強對緬甸的支持，促進政治對話與和平過渡，並支援緬甸在法治、民主治理及人權保護方面的努力。只有通過全面的國內外合作與持續的國際壓力，緬甸才可能重回民主化的道路。
This thesis examines the military coups in Myanmar, focusing on their impact on democratic processes, particularly following the National League for Democracy's (NLD) electoral victories in 2015 and 2020, leading up to the 2021 military coup. Utilizing historical analysis, this study traces Myanmar's political trajectory from colonial rule to modern day, highlighting the complex interrelations between military juntas and elected governments. The findings reveal that Myanmar’s democratization is significantly hindered by the military’s entrenched power, legitimized extensively by the 2008 Constitution, which promotes a "Disciplined Democracy" that restricts genuine democratic governance. The study suggests that military coups are often prompted by perceived threats to military authority, especially when democratic reforms threaten its interests. The 2021 coup marked a critical setback in Myanmar’s democratic development, eliciting a strong international response, yet insufficient to deter the junta’s grip on power. The thesis underscores the importance of international support for Myanmar’s democratic transition, advocating for enhanced political dialogue, and supports for legal and democratic governance. 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國立政治大學
東亞研究所
109260006資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109260006 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 楊昊 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Yang, Hao en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 曾孟揚 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Tseng, Meng-Yang en_US dc.creator (作者) 曾孟揚 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Tseng, Meng-Yang en_US dc.date (日期) 2024 en_US dc.date.accessioned 4-Sep-2024 14:22:55 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 4-Sep-2024 14:22:55 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 4-Sep-2024 14:22:55 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0109260006 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/153229 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 東亞研究所 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 109260006 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本文探討了緬甸的軍事政變及其對民主政治的影響。研究分析了從全國民主聯盟（NLD）在2015年和2020年選舉中取得勝利，到2021年軍事政變的過程，及此事件對緬甸民主進程的深遠影響。論文採用了歷史分析法，詳細回顧了緬甸從殖民時期到獨立後的政治發展，並重點分析了軍政府與民選政府之間的關係演變。 研究發現，緬甸的民主化進程受到多重內外部因素的影響，其中軍方的政治角色尤為關鍵。軍方長期掌握政治權力並透過憲法賦予自身廣泛的政治與行政權力，形成了所謂的「戒律式民主」，嚴重制約了民主制度的發展。此外，軍事政變常常是在軍方感受到政權威脅時發動，特別是在民選政府試圖修憲削弱軍方權力時更是如此。 2021年的政變不僅終結了緬甸短暫的民主開放期，也暴露了國內外對緬甸政治未來的深刻擔憂。軍方推翻民選政府後，國際社會的反應迅速而強烈，但國內外的壓力未能阻止軍政府鞏固權力。本文通過對緬甸軍事政變的案例分析，不僅揭示了軍政府與民主政治之間錯綜複雜的關係，也對緬甸未來的政治發展提出了重要的政策建議。 最後，國際社會應加強對緬甸的支持，促進政治對話與和平過渡，並支援緬甸在法治、民主治理及人權保護方面的努力。只有通過全面的國內外合作與持續的國際壓力，緬甸才可能重回民主化的道路。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) This thesis examines the military coups in Myanmar, focusing on their impact on democratic processes, particularly following the National League for Democracy's (NLD) electoral victories in 2015 and 2020, leading up to the 2021 military coup. Utilizing historical analysis, this study traces Myanmar's political trajectory from colonial rule to modern day, highlighting the complex interrelations between military juntas and elected governments. The findings reveal that Myanmar’s democratization is significantly hindered by the military’s entrenched power, legitimized extensively by the 2008 Constitution, which promotes a "Disciplined Democracy" that restricts genuine democratic governance. The study suggests that military coups are often prompted by perceived threats to military authority, especially when democratic reforms threaten its interests. The 2021 coup marked a critical setback in Myanmar’s democratic development, eliciting a strong international response, yet insufficient to deter the junta’s grip on power. The thesis underscores the importance of international support for Myanmar’s democratic transition, advocating for enhanced political dialogue, and supports for legal and democratic governance. The study concludes that Myanmar’s journey towards democracy is complex and requires sustained domestic and international collaborative efforts to overcome significant challenges. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 目次 iv 第壹章 緒論 1 第一節 前言 1 第二節 研究目的與問題意識 2 第三節 個案介紹與文獻回顧 4 第四節 研究方法與研究設計 16 第五節 研究侷限與預期成果 18 第六節 章節安排 18 第貳章 緬甸政治發展（上）：緬甸之春前的變化 20 第一節 從殖民到獨立 20 第二節 吳努執政時期 28 第三節 尼溫執政時期 31 第四節 丹瑞執政時期 38 第五節 登盛執政時期 50 第參章 緬甸政治發展（下）：曇花一現的民主與民主逆流 71 第一節 翁山蘇姬執政時期 71 第二節 敏昂萊執政時期 87 第肆章 傳統視野：再探軍事政變與軍文關係 105 第一節 軍事政變的原因與原則 105 第二節 軍文類型與軍文關係的發展 108 第伍章 形塑緬甸政治新局的驅力新解 121 第一節 內部動力之分析 122 第二節 外部動力之分析 129 第三節 內外交互作用分析 140 第四節 綜合分析 146 第陸章 結論 151 第一節 研究發現：從軍事統治向其他統治的轉變軌跡 152 第二節 展望未來：緬甸政治發展的可能路向 160 參考文獻 163 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1937687 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109260006 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 緬甸 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 軍事政變 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 民主過渡 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 全國民主聯盟 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 政治發展 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 憲法改革 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 國際反應 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 戒律式民主 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 軍文關係 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Myanmar en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Military Coups en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Democratic Transition en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) National League for Democracy (NLD) en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Political Development en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Constitutional Reform en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) International Response en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Disciplined Democracy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Civil-Military Relations en_US dc.title (題名) 緬甸的軍事政變與民主政治的變局 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Portraying Changing Faces of Military Coup and Its Implications to Democracy in Myanmar en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部分 （一）專書 洪陸訓、陳鷹宇，2004，《軍事社會學論文譯介》。臺北：政治作戰學校。 張錫鎮，1999年，《東南亞政府與政治》。臺北：揚智。 陳佩修，2009，《軍人與政治：泰國的軍事政變與政治變遷》。臺北：中央研究院人社中心亞太區域研究專題中心。 陳鴻瑜，2016，《緬甸史》。新北：商務。 賀聖達，1992，《緬甸史》。北京：新華印刷廠。 賀聖達、李晨陽，2005，《緬甸》。上海：社會科學文獻出版社。 劉迪輝、李惠良、高錦蓉、周光敬，1989，《東南亞簡史》。南寧：廣西人民出版社。 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