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題名 台灣薪資不均度的趨勢與來源分解：區分公司間與公司內之薪資不均
Sources of Wage Inequality in Taiwan: Decomposition of Between- and Within-Firm Wage Inequality
作者 陳褘銘
Chen, Huei-Ming
貢獻者 黃柏鈞
Huang, Po-Chun
陳褘銘
Chen, Huei-Ming
關鍵詞 薪資不均
公司間變異
公司內變異
變異數分解
AKM模型
分隔效應
分類效應
Wage Inequality
Between-Firm Variance
Within-Firm Variance
Variance Decomposition
AKM Model
Segregation Effect
Sorting Effect
日期 2024
上傳時間 4-Sep-2024 14:38:25 (UTC+8)
摘要 本文利用財政資訊中心（FIA）的資料，探討導致台灣薪資不均上升的因素，特別是比較2004年至2022年間公司間因素或是公司內因素哪一個因素影響較大。研究方法使用了變異數分解和AKM模型來探討分隔效應和分類效應。 第一個發現是，從2004年至2022年間，公司間變異的增加在2010年後對總變異的增加有顯著貢獻。第二個發現是，儘管2022年產業內變異的增加值略大於產業間變異的增加值，但產業間變異的成長率高於產業內變異的成長率。第三個發現是，表示相同薪資水平的工作者趨向於一起工作的分隔效應顯著增加。相反地，表示高薪資工作者趨向於在高平均工資企業工作的分類效應大幅減少。
This paper employs data from the Fiscal Information Agency (FIA) to explore the factors contributing to rising wage inequality in Taiwan, specifically examining whether the between-firm factor or within-firm factor plays a larger role between 2004 and 2022. The methods we use are variance decomposition and the AKM model to discuss segregation and sorting effects. The first finding is that between 2004 and 2022, the increase in between-firm variance contributes significantly to the overall variance increase after 2010. The second finding is that the growth rate of between-industry variance is greater than that of within-industry variance, despite the increase in the value of within-industry variance being slightly larger than that of between-industry variance in 2022. The third finding is that the segregation effect, which represents workers of the same wage level tending to work together, has increased significantly. Conversely, the sorting effect, which represents high-wage workers tending to work in high average wage firms, has largely decreased.
參考文獻 Abowd, J. M., Kramarz, F., and Margolis, D. N. (1999). High wage workers and high wage firms. Econometrica, 67(2):251–333. Akerman, A., Helpman, E., Itskhoki, O., Muendler, M.-A., and Redding, S. (2013). Sources of wage inequality. American Economic Review, 103(3):214–219. Antonczyk, D., DeLeire, T., and Fitzenberger, B. (2018). Polarization and rising wage inequality: comparing the us and germany. Econometrics, 6(2):20. Barrett, A., Callan, T., and Nolan, B. (1999). Rising wage inequality, returns to education and labour market institutions: Evidence from ireland. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 37(1):77–100. Barth, E., Bryson, A., Davis, J. C., and Freeman, R. (2016). It’s where you work: Increases in the dispersion of earnings across establishments and individuals in the united states. Journal of Labor Economics, 34(S2):S67–S97. Blau, F. D. and Kahn, L. M. (1994). Rising wage inequality and the us gender gap. The American Economic Review, 84(2):23–28. Burtless, G. (1995). International trade and the rise in earnings inequality. Journal of economic literature, 33(2):800–816. Card, D., Heining, J., and Kline, P. (2013). Workplace heterogeneity and the rise of west german wage inequality. The Quarterly journal of economics, 128(3):967–1015 Gernandt, J. and Pfeiffer, F. (2007). Rising wage inequality in germany. Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik, 227(4):358–380. Haltiwanger, J. C., Hyatt, H. R., and Spletzer, J. (2022). Industries, mega firms, and increasing inequality. Technical report, National Bureau of Economic Research. Heathcote, J., Storesletten, K., and Violante, G. (2004). The macroeconomic implications of rising wage inequality in the us. Forthcoming in Journal of Political Economy. Song, J., Price, D. J., Guvenen, F., Bloom, N., and Von Wachter, T. (2019). Firming up inequality. The Quarterly journal of economics, 134(1):1–50. Zwysen, W. (2022). Wage inequality within and between firms: Macroeconomic and institutional drivers in europe. ETUI Research Paper-Working Paper. 葉卉軒 (2023). 學者：所得不均度惡化國內企業薪資制度有「美國化」趨勢.經濟日報. 取自https://money.udn.com/money/story/5648/7610382. 財政部統計處 (2017). 進出口貨品結構性複分類之研修. 陳素玲 and 葉卉軒 (2023). 主計總處統計 408 萬人月薪不到 4.3 萬元貧富差距擴大為4.12 倍.經濟日報. 取自https://money.udn.com/money/story/5648/7610378. 黃芳玫 and 邵紫婷 (2022). 臺灣基本工資調升對薪資不均之影響—2012–2019 實證.Taiwan Economic Forecast & Policy, 53(1).27
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
經濟學系
111258018
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111258018
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 黃柏鈞zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Huang, Po-Chunen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 陳褘銘zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chen, Huei-Mingen_US
dc.creator (作者) 陳褘銘zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chen, Huei-Mingen_US
dc.date (日期) 2024en_US
dc.date.accessioned 4-Sep-2024 14:38:25 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 4-Sep-2024 14:38:25 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 4-Sep-2024 14:38:25 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0111258018en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/153291-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 經濟學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 111258018zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本文利用財政資訊中心（FIA）的資料，探討導致台灣薪資不均上升的因素，特別是比較2004年至2022年間公司間因素或是公司內因素哪一個因素影響較大。研究方法使用了變異數分解和AKM模型來探討分隔效應和分類效應。 第一個發現是，從2004年至2022年間，公司間變異的增加在2010年後對總變異的增加有顯著貢獻。第二個發現是，儘管2022年產業內變異的增加值略大於產業間變異的增加值，但產業間變異的成長率高於產業內變異的成長率。第三個發現是，表示相同薪資水平的工作者趨向於一起工作的分隔效應顯著增加。相反地，表示高薪資工作者趨向於在高平均工資企業工作的分類效應大幅減少。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This paper employs data from the Fiscal Information Agency (FIA) to explore the factors contributing to rising wage inequality in Taiwan, specifically examining whether the between-firm factor or within-firm factor plays a larger role between 2004 and 2022. The methods we use are variance decomposition and the AKM model to discuss segregation and sorting effects. The first finding is that between 2004 and 2022, the increase in between-firm variance contributes significantly to the overall variance increase after 2010. The second finding is that the growth rate of between-industry variance is greater than that of within-industry variance, despite the increase in the value of within-industry variance being slightly larger than that of between-industry variance in 2022. The third finding is that the segregation effect, which represents workers of the same wage level tending to work together, has increased significantly. Conversely, the sorting effect, which represents high-wage workers tending to work in high average wage firms, has largely decreased.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 1 Introduction 1 2 Literature Review 3 3 Data and Sample 6 3.1 Data 6 3.2 Sample 8 3.3 Real Wage Growth 8 3.3.1 10th, 50th, 90th, and 99th Percentile 9 3.3.2 Industry 10 3.4 Summary Statistics 11 3.5 Summary Statistics for Wages Between the 40th and 60th Percentiles 13 4 Variance Decomposition 15 4.1 Between-Firm and Within-Firm Decomposition 15 4.2 Between-Industry and Within-Industry Decomposition 16 4.3 AKM Model 17 5 Results 19 5.1 Variance of Within-Firm and Between-Firm decomposition 19 5.2 Variance of Within-Industry and Between-Industry decomposition 20 5.3 AKM Model 22 6 Discussion 24 6.1 Results of Research 24 6.2 Limitations and Future Goals of Research 25 References 26 Main Tables and Figures 28 Appendix Tables and Figures 36zh_TW
dc.format.extent 2687307 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111258018en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 薪資不均zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 公司間變異zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 公司內變異zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 變異數分解zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) AKM模型zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 分隔效應zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 分類效應zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Wage Inequalityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Between-Firm Varianceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Within-Firm Varianceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Variance Decompositionen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) AKM Modelen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Segregation Effecten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Sorting Effecten_US
dc.title (題名) 台灣薪資不均度的趨勢與來源分解：區分公司間與公司內之薪資不均zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Sources of Wage Inequality in Taiwan: Decomposition of Between- and Within-Firm Wage Inequalityen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Abowd, J. M., Kramarz, F., and Margolis, D. N. (1999). High wage workers and high wage firms. Econometrica, 67(2):251–333. Akerman, A., Helpman, E., Itskhoki, O., Muendler, M.-A., and Redding, S. (2013). Sources of wage inequality. American Economic Review, 103(3):214–219. Antonczyk, D., DeLeire, T., and Fitzenberger, B. (2018). Polarization and rising wage inequality: comparing the us and germany. Econometrics, 6(2):20. Barrett, A., Callan, T., and Nolan, B. (1999). Rising wage inequality, returns to education and labour market institutions: Evidence from ireland. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 37(1):77–100. Barth, E., Bryson, A., Davis, J. C., and Freeman, R. (2016). It’s where you work: Increases in the dispersion of earnings across establishments and individuals in the united states. Journal of Labor Economics, 34(S2):S67–S97. Blau, F. D. and Kahn, L. M. (1994). Rising wage inequality and the us gender gap. The American Economic Review, 84(2):23–28. Burtless, G. (1995). International trade and the rise in earnings inequality. Journal of economic literature, 33(2):800–816. Card, D., Heining, J., and Kline, P. (2013). Workplace heterogeneity and the rise of west german wage inequality. The Quarterly journal of economics, 128(3):967–1015 Gernandt, J. and Pfeiffer, F. (2007). Rising wage inequality in germany. Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik, 227(4):358–380. Haltiwanger, J. C., Hyatt, H. R., and Spletzer, J. (2022). Industries, mega firms, and increasing inequality. Technical report, National Bureau of Economic Research. Heathcote, J., Storesletten, K., and Violante, G. (2004). The macroeconomic implications of rising wage inequality in the us. Forthcoming in Journal of Political Economy. Song, J., Price, D. J., Guvenen, F., Bloom, N., and Von Wachter, T. (2019). Firming up inequality. The Quarterly journal of economics, 134(1):1–50. Zwysen, W. (2022). Wage inequality within and between firms: Macroeconomic and institutional drivers in europe. ETUI Research Paper-Working Paper. 葉卉軒 (2023). 學者：所得不均度惡化國內企業薪資制度有「美國化」趨勢.經濟日報. 取自https://money.udn.com/money/story/5648/7610382. 財政部統計處 (2017). 進出口貨品結構性複分類之研修. 陳素玲 and 葉卉軒 (2023). 主計總處統計 408 萬人月薪不到 4.3 萬元貧富差距擴大為4.12 倍.經濟日報. 取自https://money.udn.com/money/story/5648/7610378. 黃芳玫 and 邵紫婷 (2022). 臺灣基本工資調升對薪資不均之影響—2012–2019 實證.Taiwan Economic Forecast & Policy, 53(1).27zh_TW