1. NCCU Academic Hub
  2. Publications
  3. College of International Affairs
  4. Theses
  5. Item

Publications-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

NCCU Library

Citation Infomation

Related Publications in TAIR

題名 中國「一帶一路」在歐洲巴爾幹半島國家的政治影響力分析
The Political Influence of China's Belt and Road Initiative in the Balkans
作者 鄭庭薇
CHENG, TING-WEI
貢獻者 薛健吾
Hsueh, Chien-Wu
鄭庭薇
CHENG, TING-WEI
關鍵詞 巴爾幹半島
一帶一路
中國影響力
擴大政策
抗衡與扈從
The Balkans
Belt and Road Initiative
China Influence
Enlargement
Balance or Bandwagon
日期 2024
上傳時間 4-Sep-2024 15:54:06 (UTC+8)
摘要 本文以巴爾幹半島歐盟候選國家:塞爾維亞、蒙特內哥羅、波赫、阿爾巴尼 亞和北馬其頓等 5 國作為研究對象，探討中國經濟資源投入是否影響歐盟候選國 與歐盟之間關係。藉由個案討論，本文發現申請入盟的巴爾幹國家在不同程度的 中國投資下，當該國跟歐盟關係比較融洽時，該國在中國「一帶一路」倡議下的 投資紅利轉換為中國政治影響力的情況比較不明顯;相反的，當該國與歐盟關係 存在衝突時，中國對該國的投資影響以及所轉換的政治影響力就比較明確。當該 國無法從原本的強權(歐盟)獲得足夠資源的話，則有可能靠近另一個大國(中 國)以爭取更多的資源，並且本文發現與歐盟關係較融洽的國家經濟交往仍以歐 盟為主，中國影響力有限;然而，與歐盟關係不這麼融洽的國家，可能會引入中 國的經濟資源以平衡歐盟對該國的壓力，連帶地中國影響力也會增加。
This paper focuses on the EU candidate countries in the Balkans: Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania, and North Macedonia. These countries exhibit varying degrees of economic engagement with China. Through case studies, this paper analyzes the relationships between these Balkan countries, the EU, and China, in the context of China’s differing levels of investment. The paper posits that when a country maintains a harmonious relationship with the EU, the political influence of China’s Belt and Road Initiative investments is less evident. Conversely, when there is conflict in the relationship with the EU, China’s investment and resulting political influence become more pronounced. If a country cannot secure sufficient resources from the EU, it may turn to China for additional resources. The study finds that countries with better relationships with the EU predominantly engage economically with the EU, limiting China’s influence. However, countries with less favorable relationships with the EU tend to attract Chinese economic resources to counterbalance EU pressures, thereby increasing China’s influence.
參考文獻 中文部分 一、 官方文件 中國外交部，2022，〈中國—中東歐國家合作〉，《中國外交部》，https:// www.mfa.gov.cn/web/gjhdq_676201/gjhdqzz_681964/zgzdogjhz/1206x0_ 679932/，查閱時間：2022年11月30日。 二、 專書 林詩凱、廖坤榮，2018，《抗衡或扈從—東南亞國家對中國戰略的回應》。台北：翰蘆圖書。 吳玉山，1997，《抗衡或扈從－兩岸關係新詮：從蘇聯看台灣與大陸間的關係》，台北：正中書局。 徐剛，2016《巴爾幹地區合作與歐洲一體化》。北京：社會科學文獻出版社。 三、 專書論文 廖舜右，2016，〈現實主義典範的緣起與內涵〉。張登及、張亞中主編，《國 濟 濟關係總論》。新北：揚智文化事業股份有限公司。頁42-45。 四、 期刊 吳玉山，1997，〈抗衡或扈從：面對強鄰時的策略抉擇（上）〉，《問題與研究》，36(2)：1-32。 吳玉山，1997，〈抗衡或扈從：面對強鄰時的策略抉擇（下）〉，《問題與研究》， 36(3)：61-80。 況正吉，2003，〈歐盟東擴進程及其面臨之挑戰〉，《問題與研究》，42(5)：25-54。 邵允鍾，2018，〈從歐盟會員國憲政危機檢討哥本哈根政治標準執行上之缺失〉，《歐美研究》，48(1)：139-193。 陳欣之，2011，〈崛起， 挑戰與承繼霸權-崛起強權參與建構國際制度過程的觀察〉，《問題與研究》，50(4)：63-88。 陳麒安，2008，〈聯盟理論之研究：現實主義的觀點〉，《國際關係學報》，26： 133-167。 楊三億，2002，〈後冷戰時期中、東歐地區權力結構分析〉，《問題與研究》， 41(2)：89-103。 楊三億，2017，〈歐洲中小型國家安全政策：策略選擇與轉型〉，《問題與研究》， 56(2)：31-66。 楊三億，2021，〈強權競爭下的中型國家安全策略：以波蘭與土耳其為例〉，《歐美研究》，51(2)：311-355。 葉錦娟，2008，〈從蒙特內哥羅獨立檢視歐盟的軟權力工具〉，《國際關係學報》26：101-132。 劉復國，2012，〈歐債危機對美中歐盟關係變化之涵義〉，《全球政治論》，37：19-24。 賴昀辰，2014，〈歐洲聯盟貿易政策的權力分析〉，《問題與研究》，53(1)：99-123。 薛健吾，2020，〈中國「一帶一路」在第一個五年的進展與影響（2013－2018）〉，《遠景基金會季刊》，21(2)：1-53。 薛健吾，2020，〈歷史的終結? 歐俄競爭下中東歐國家與俄國之間外交政策利益相似程度之變化 (2000~ 2018)〉，《問題與研究》，59(4)：51-93。 薛健吾，2022，〈北約對中戰略分析：[中俄關係]與[北約各國的國內政治]是兩大關鍵〉，《亞洲政經與和平研究》，10：29-40。 薛健吾，2022，〈扈從、避險、抗衡、孤立？初探臺灣四種對中政策態度的民意基礎〉，《臺灣民主季刊》，19(1)：83-133。 蘇卓馨，2019，〈歐盟規範性權力在亞洲的試煉-以貿易議程為例〉，《全球政治評論》，65：57-79。 蘇卓馨，2019，〈歐盟規範性權力與中國關係性權力在中東歐國家的實踐〉，《政治科學論叢》，81：69-103。 蘇卓馨，2021，〈歐盟規範性權力與歐中投資協定談判〉，《問題與研究》，60(4)： 107-138。 蘇卓馨，2022，〈歐中體制競爭下的合作〉，《人文及社會科學集刊》，34(4)：817-840。 五、 網路資料 BBC News，〈中國在巴爾幹投巨資 打造東南歐橋頭堡〉，查閱時間：2022/ 10/20，檢自：<https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/world-41678207>。 BBC News，〈一帶一路進入巴爾幹 歐盟關注家門口的中國影響力〉，查閱時間：2022/11/23，檢自：<https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/world-55611457>。 BBC News，〈「一帶一路」倡議十週年改變世界的成敗與未來〉，查閱時間：2022/11/25，檢自：<https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/chinese-news-6676 2882>。 BBC News，〈「歐洲最昂貴的公路」如何讓黑山人對中國看法兩極〉，查閱時間：2023/04/23，檢自：<https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/fooc-60441131>。 BBC News，〈BBC俄烏戰爭：為什麼普京在這個歐洲小國仍有忠誠的支持者〉，查閱時間：2023/08/22，檢自：<https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/world -66264946>。 BBC News，〈中國入世改變遊戲規則：西方的期盼和中國的衝擊〉，查閱時間：2023/05/23，檢自：<https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/business-59620392>。 BBC NEWS 中文，〈中國光大收購阿爾巴尼亞機場運營權〉，查閱時間：2022/11/23，檢自：<https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/business/2016/10/161008_china_ everbright_abania_airport>。 BBC NEWS 中文，〈專訪阿利雅：從「同志加兄弟」到冤家對頭〉，查閱時間：2024/1/18，檢自：<https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/indepth/2010/06/100 519_albania_alia>。 人民網，〈推動共建絲綢之路經濟帶和 21 世紀海上絲綢之路的願景與行動〉，查閱時間：2022/11/15，檢自：<http://ydyl.people.com.cn/BIG5/n1/2017/04 25/c411837-29235511.html>。 中央社，〈波羅的海3國全退出中國與中東歐合作機制 捷克可能跟進〉，查閱時間：2023/04/25，檢自：<https://www.cna.com.tw/news/aopl/202208120007. aspx>。 法國國際廣播電台，〈2020年中國超越美國成為歐盟最大的貿易夥伴〉，查閱 時間：2023/04/21，檢自：<https://www.rfi.fr/tw/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2/ 20210215-2020%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E8%B6%85% E8%B6%8A%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E6%88%90%E7%82%BA%E6% AD%90%E7%9B%9F%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E8%B2% BF%E6%98%93%E5%A4%A5%E4%BC%B4>。 法國國際廣播電台，〈立陶宛退出17+1 呼籲它國跟進中國中東歐合作機制斷鏈〉，查閱時間：2023/04/28，檢自：<https://www.rfi.fr/tw/%E4%B8%AD%E5% 9C%8B/20210522-%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B%E9%80% 80%E5%87%BA17-1-%E5%91%BC%E7%B1%B2%E5%AE%83%E5%9C% 8B%E8%B7%9F%E9%80%B2-%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%AD %E6%9D%B1%E6%AD%90%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E6%A9%9F%E5%88%B6%E6%96%B7%E9%8F%88>。 英文部分 一、 官方文件 A Credible Enlargement Perspective for and Enhanced EU Engagement with the Western Balkans, European Commission, Retrieved March 14, 2023, from: https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/e3f0797b-28cb-11e8b5 fe-01aa75ed71a1/language-en A Chinese donation of protective medical equipment for the needs of the Army received, Retrieved March 12, 2023, from: https://mod.gov.mk/primopredavanje-donacija-od-nr-kina-14-07-2020/ Agreement(s) between the Ministry of National Defence of the People’s Republic, Retrieved February 11, 2024, from: https://www.mfa.rs/sites/default/files/inline -files/kina.pdf Eu-Western Balkans Summit Thessaloniki, 21 June 2003, Retrieved May 12, 2024, from: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/PRES_03_163 Joint Communication to the European Parliament and the Council, EU-China – A Strategic Outlook, Retrieved March 12, 2023, from: https://op.europa.eu/en /publication-detail/-/publication/3a5bf913-45af-11e9-a8ed- 二、 期刊 Bargués, P., & Morillas, P. 2021. “From democratization to fostering resilience: EU intervention and the challenges of building institutions, social trust, and legitimacy in Bosnia and Herzegovina.” Democratization, 28(7)：1319-1337. Bartlett, W. 2021. “International assistance, donor interests, and state capture in the Western Balkans.” Journal of Contemporary European Studies, 29(2), 184-200. Bennon, M., & Fukuyama, F. 2023. “China’s Road to Ruin: The Real Toll of Beijing’s Belt and Road.” Foreign Affairs, 102(5)：143-152. Bieliński, T., Markiewicz, M., & Oziewicz, E. 2019. “Do Central and Eastern Europe countries play a role in the Belt and Road Initiative? The case of Chinese OFDI into the CEE–16 Countries.” Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe, 22(2)：7-22. Bjørnskov, C. a. M. R. 2020. “Regime types and regime change: A new dataset on democracy, coups, and political institutions. Review of International Organizations. ” Review of International Organizations, 15(2)：531-551. Börzel, T. A., & Grimm, S. 2018. “Building Good (Enough) Governance in Postconflict Societies & Areas of Limited Statehood: The European Union & the Western Balkans.” Daedalus, 147(1)：116-127. Brady, A.-M., & Higashi, H. 2019. “Are we real friends? Albania-China relations in the Xi era.” Sinopsis, September, 17. Cameron, A., & Leigh, M. 2020. “Has COVID-19 dented the EU’s credibility in the Balkans.” Bruegel Blog, 15. Chang, V. K., & Pieke, F. N. 2018. “Europe’s engagement with China: shifting Chinese views of the EU and the EU-China relationship.” Asia Europe Journal, 16(4)：317-331. China’s investments in the Western Balkans. 2020. Strategic Comments, 26(10)：iv-vi. Chirathivat, S., & Langhammer, R. J. 2020. “ASEAN and the EU Challenged by ‘Divide and Rule’ Strategies of the US and China Evidence and Possible Reactions.” International Economics and Economic Policy, 17(3)：659-670. Cianetti, L., Dawson, J., & Hanley, S. 2018. “Rethinking ‘democratic backsliding’ in Central and Eastern Europe – looking beyond Hungary and Poland.” East European Politics, 34(3)：243-256. Cristina, P. O. 2019. “EXPLAINING CHINESE FDI IN CEE COUNTRIES-A FIXED EFFECTS PANEL DATA ANALYSIS.” Economic and Social Development: Book of Proceedings, 173-181. Damjanovski, I., Lavrič, M., & Naterer, A. 2020. “Predictors of Euroscepticism in six Western Balkan countries.” Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 20(2)：327-348. Dimitrijević, D. 2020. “Contemporary relations of Serbia and China in a changing world.” In. Institute of International Politics and Economics; Faculty of Security Studies. Džankić, J., & Keil, S. 2017. “State-sponsored Populism and the Rise of Populist Governance: The Case of Montenegro.” Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies, 19(4)：403-418. Fan, S., Kanbur, R., Wei, S.-J., & Zhang, X. 2013. The economics of china: successes and challenges. Garlick, J., & Qin, F. 2023. “China’s Ideational Influence in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE): A Comparative Analysis of Chinese and European Scholars’ Interpretations of China-CEE Cooperation. ” Journal of Contemporary China, 32(139)：123-137. Geeraerts, G. 2019. “The EU-China partnership: balancing between divergence and convergence.” Asia Europe Journal, 17：281-294. Grgić, M. 2019. “Chinese infrastructural investments in the Balkans: political implications of the highway project in Montenegro.” Territory, Politics, Governance, 7(1)：42-60. Jaćimović, D., Deichmann, J. I., & Tianping, K. 2023. “The Western Balkans and Geopolitics: Leveraging the European Union and China.” Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies, 25(4)：626-643. Jojić, S. 2017. How Serbia perceives “The Belt and the Road” Initiative and 16+ 1 Cooperation.” China–CEE Institute Working Paper, 9. Juncos, A. E. 2018. “EU security sector reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Reform or resist? ” Contemporary Security Policy, 39(1)：95-118. Kartsonaki, A., & Wolff, S. 2023. “An Impenetrable Knot of Blended Conflicts? The National Identity Constraints of European Integration in the Western Balkans.” Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, 17(2)：192-206. Ker-Lindsay, J., Armakolas, I., Balfour, R., & Stratulat, C. 2017. “The national politics of EU enlargement in the Western Balkans.” Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 17(4)：511-522. Kim, S. Y., Meunier, S., & Nyiri, Z. 2017. “Yin and yank? Public opinion in Europe toward the US and China.” Comparative European Politics, 15, 577-603. Koneska, C., Huskić, A., & Krasniqi, G. 2023. “Macedonia, Bosnia and Kosovo: Contested Statehood and the EU.” Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, 17(2)：173-191. Lin, Y. 2018. “Economic ‘highway’ with three speed tracks and destinations between China and CEE.” China—CEE Institute (Budapest), Working paper(14). Liu, I. T. 2023. “Beyond the spatial fix: towards a finance-sensitive reading of the Belt and Road in Serbia.” Area Development and Policy, 1-22. Markovic Khaze, N., & Wang, X. 2021. “Is China’s rising influence in the Western Balkans a threat to European integration?” Journal of Contemporary European Studies, 29(2)：234-250. Marku, Y. 2017. “China and Albania: the Cultural Revolution and Cold War Relations.” Cold War History, 17(4)：367-383. Marku, Y. 2023. “Preparing for an alliance: China’s socialist model and Albania’s economic path in the Early Cold War.” European Review of History: Revue européenne d’histoire, 30(3)：410-432. Matura, T. 2019. “China–CEE Trade, Investment and Politics.” Europe-Asia Studies, 71(3)： 388-407. Mitić, A. 2022. “Mapping the Obstructive narratives on China-CEEC cooperation.” In. Eurasia Center, John Von Neumann University. Mitrović, D. 2023. “The dynamics of the Republic of Serbia’s cooperation with China via the Belt and Road Initiative and the ‘Sixteen plus One’ platform.” Journal of Contemporary East Asia Studies, 12(1)：148-178. Oehler-Şincai, I. M. 2018. “The 16+ 1 Process: Correlations between the EU dependency/attitude matrix and the cooperation intensity with China.” 16+1 High-level Academic Forum. Pavlićević, D. 2018. “‘China Threat’ and ‘China Opportunity’: Politics of Dreams and Fears in China-Central and Eastern European Relations” Journal of Contemporary China, 27(113)：688-702. Pavlićević, D. 2019. “A power shift underway in Europe? China’s relationship with Central and Eastern Europe under the Belt and Road Initiative.” Mapping China’s ‘one belt one road’initiative, 249-278. Pavlićević, D. 2019. “Structural power and the China-EU-Western Balkans triangular relations.” Asia Europe Journal, 17(4)：453-468. Pepermans, A. 2018.“ China’s 16+1 and Belt and Road Initiative in Central and Eastern Europe: economic and political influence at a cheap price.” Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe, 26(2-3)：181-203. Ramasamy, B., & Yeung, M. 2022. “China’s outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) to developing countries: the case of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE).” Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, 27(1)：124-146. Richter, S., & Wunsch, N. 2020. “Money, power, glory: the linkages between EU conditionality and state capture in the Western Balkans.” Journal of European Public Policy, 27(1)：41-62. Rogers, S. 2019. “China, Hungary, and the Belgrade-Budapest railway upgrade: New politically-induced dimensions of FDI and the trajectory of Hungarian economic development.” Journal of east-west business, 25(1)：84-106. Scissors, D. 2019. “The belt and road is overhyped, commercially.” American Enterprise Institute, 12. Smith, N. R., Markovic Khaze, N., & Kovacevic, M. 2021. “The EU’s stability-democracy dilemma in the context of the problematic accession of the Western Balkan states.” Journal of Contemporary European Studies, 29(2)：169-183. https://doi.org/10.1080/14782804.2020.1823823 Soyaltin-Colella, D. 2023. “The EU Accession Process, Chinese Finance and Rising Corruption in Western Balkan Stabilitocracies: Serbia and Montenegro.” Europe-Asia Studies, 75(8)：1311-1335. Stroikos, D. 2023. “‘Head of the Dragon’ or ‘Trojan Horse’?: Reassessing China–Greece Relations.” Journal of Contemporary China, 32(142)：602-619. Szicherle, P., Molnár, C., & Krekó, P. 2021. “The Specter of Authoritarian Regimes is Haunting Europe-Populist friends seek to help lowering the EU’s guard.” Taylor, M. R. 2022. “Inside the EU–China Human Rights Dialogue: assessing the practical delivery of the EU’s normative power in a hostile environment.” Journal of European Integration, 44(3)：365-380. Toal, G., & Maksić, A. 2011. “Is Bosnia-Herzegovina Unsustainable? Implications for the Balkans and European Union.” Eurasian Geography and Economics, 52(2)：279-293. Vangeli, A. 2021. “China’s Ideational Impact in the Western Balkans, 2009–2019.” Western Balkans at the Crossroads: Ways Forward in Analyzing External Actors’ Influence, 39. Vladisavljev, S. 2021. “China’s’ Digital Silk Road’Enters the Western Balkans.” Association for International Affairs. Vukmirović, V., Kostić-Stanković, M., Pavlović, D., Ateljević, J., Bjelica, D., Radonić, M., & Sekulić, D. 2021.“Foreign direct investments impact on economic growth in Serbia.” Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies, 23(1)：122-143. Wang, Q., & Wang, J. 2022.“China and Japan in CEEC: competition, cooperation and co-existence?” Journal of Contemporary East Asia Studies, 11(1)：86-106. https://doi.org/10.1080/24761028.2022.2049028 Wigglesworth, R., & Sun, Y. 2023.“How China changed the game for countries in default.” FT.com. Zeng, Y. 2024.“Riding the Trojan Horse? EU Accession and Chinese Investment in CEE Countries.” Journal of Contemporary China, 33(147)：486-501. 三、網路資料 The American Enterprise Institute. 2022. “China Global Investment. Tracker.” AEI. https:// www.aei.org/china-global-investment-tracker/. (Accessed on Dec. 30, 2022) Albannia Kuçova. 2024. “Inaugural Ceremony at Albanian Air Base after Major-NATO funded Upgrade.” NSPA. https://ac.nato.int/archive/2024/Kucova_ Air_Base _Inauguration. (Accessed on Dec. 30, 2022) Anne-Marie Brady and Hiromichi Higashi. 2019. “Are We Real Friends? Albania-China Relations in the Xi Era,” SINOPSIS. https://sinopsis.cz/en/are-we-real-friends-albania-china-relations-in-the-xi-era/. (Accessed on May 5, 2024) Bjoernskov-Rode Regime Data 2021. “Bjoernskov-Rode Regime Data (version 4.3).” https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/17Ai0fwbPO4V7wAvUBcMQb4RQRf2XUlt1/edit#gid=397785022. (Accessed on June 30, 2023) BBC News. 2024. “EU: Bosnia and Herzegovina to begin talks to join bloc,” BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-68630545.(Accessed on June 30, 2024) BBC News. 2024. “Serbia country profile,” BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/ world-europe-17907947. (Accessed on June 30, 2024) China and the EU in the Western Balkans. 2020. “Chapter 1: China’s approach to the Western Balkans.” China and the EU in the Western Balkans. https://www. clingendael.org/pub/2020/china-and-the-eu-in-the-western-balkans/1-chinas-approach-to-the-western-balkans/. (Accessed on Jan. 30, 2024) China and the EU in the Western Balkans. 2020.“Chapter 2: Reactions to China in the. Western Balkans countries,” China and the EU in the Western Balkans. https://www.clingendael.org/pub/2020/china-and-the-eu-in-the-western-balkans /2-reactions-to-china-in-the-western-balkans-countries/. (Accessed on Jan. 30, 2024) China Index. 2022. “China Index 2022.” China Index. https://china-index.io/country/ Serbia. (Accessed on March 31, 2024) China Index. 2022. “China Index 2022.” China Index.https://china-index.io/country/ Montenegro. (Accessed on March 31, 2024) China Index. 2022. “China Index 2022.” China Index. https://china-index.io/country/ Bosinia-and-Herzegovina. (Accessed on March 31, 2024) China Index. 2022. “China Index 2022,” China Index. https://china-index.io/country/ North-Macedonia. (Accessed on March 31, 2024) China Index 2022. “China Index 2022,” China Index. https://china-index.io/country/ Albania. (Accessed on March 31, 2024) Dusica Tomovic. 2015. “Montenegro Cuts Taxes on Chinese Highway Builders.” BalkanInsight. https://balkaninsight.com/2015/04/29/chinese-gain-tax-exclusion-for-montenegro-s-highway-construction/.(Accessed on Dec. 17, 2022) Fatjona Mejdini. 2016. “Chinese Buy Rights to Oil Fields in Albania,” Balkan Insight. https://balkaninsight.com/2016/03/21/chinese-company-to-take-over-oil-fields-of- albania-03-21-2016/. (Accessed on Aug. 17, 2023) Fitch Ratings. 2017. “China’s One Belt One Road Initiative Brings Risks,” Fitch Ratings. https://www.fitchratings.com/site/pr/1018144. (Accessed on Jan. 17, 2024) Frauke Seebass. 2024. “Serbia Has Crossed the EU’s Rubicon; Germany and Its Allies Must Respond,” German Council on Foreign Relations. https://ec.europa.eu/ commission/presscorner/detail/en/statement_23_6742?force_isolation=true. (Accessed on June 17, 2024) Freedom House.2016. “FREEDOM IN THE WORLD 2016.” Freedom house. https:// freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/FH_FITW_Report_2016.pdf.(Accessed on June 30, 2023) Freedom House. 2022. “FREEDOM IN THE WORLD 2022.” https://freedomhouse. org/sites/default/files/2022-02/FIW_2022_PDF_Digital_Final_Web.pdf. (Accessed on June 30, 2023) Jovana Marović. 2020. “China’s Growing Investments in Montenegro—Will the New Government Break Their Secrecy?” European Western. Balkans.https:// europeanwesternbalkans.com/2020/11/06/chinas-growing-investments-in-montenegro-will-the-new-government-break-their-secrecy/. (Accessed on Dec. 17, 2023) Marcin Przychodniak. 2020. “The Importance of the Western Balkans in China’s Foreign Policy,” PISM. https://pism.pl/publications/The_Importance_of_the _Western_Balkans__in_Chinas_Foreign_Policy. (Accessed on Dec. 18, 2023) Michael Bennon and Francis Fukuyama. 2023. “China’s road to ruin: The real toll of beijing’s belt and road.” Foreign Affairs. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/china /belt-road-initiative-xi-imf. (Accessed on Feb. 17, 2024) Nektaria Stamouli. 2024. “North Macedonia’s EU aspirations face bumpy ride after elections,” POLITICO. https://www.politico.eu/article/north-macedonia-enters-electoral-race-that-will-define-its-eu-path/. (Accessed on June 30, 2024) Llazar Semini. 2024. “Albania turns an old Soviet-era air base into a regional hub of NATO air operations,” The Associated Press. https://apnews.com/article/albania -nato-air-base-kucove-29ddaadba4be1ea0513055e035d7a3dc. (Accessed on June 17, 2024) Srećko Latal. 2023. “Bosnia and Herzegovina: Geopolitical Strife Fuels Local, Regional Crises.” the Prague Security Studies Institute. https://www. balkancrossroads.com/files/ugd/1485a825d424dd1d094e6d9b86b93ea9a5d5dc.pdf> (Accessed on May 17, 2024) Tijana Cvjetićanin. 2022. “Chinese Influence in Bosnia and Herzegovina.” CEPA. https://cepa.org/comprehensive-reports/chinese-influence-in-bosnia-and- herzegovina /#footnote_25_20885. (Accessed on Dec 17, 2023) Vladimir Shopov. 2022. “MAPPING CHINA’S RISE IN THE WESTERN BALKANS.” European Council on foreign relations. https://ecfr.eu/special/ china-balkans/. (Accessed on June 17, 2023) The World Bank. 2023. “World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts. data files,” The World Bank. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator /NY.GDP.MKTP.CD?end=2022&locations=CN-EU&start=1995. (Accessed on Dec. 17, 2023) Xinhua. 2023. “Serbia’s president speaks highly of China-built Belgrade bypass.” Cooperation between China and Central and Eastern European Countries, http://www.china-ceec.org/eng/jmhz/202301/t20230117_11009979.htm. (Accessed on Jan. 17, 2024)
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
外交學系戰略與國際事務碩士在職專班
108922017
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108922017
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 薛健吾zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Hsueh, Chien-Wuen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 鄭庭薇zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) CHENG, TING-WEIen_US
dc.creator (作者) 鄭庭薇zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) CHENG, TING-WEIen_US
dc.date (日期) 2024en_US
dc.date.accessioned 4-Sep-2024 15:54:06 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 4-Sep-2024 15:54:06 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 4-Sep-2024 15:54:06 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0108922017en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/153518-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 外交學系戰略與國際事務碩士在職專班zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 108922017zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本文以巴爾幹半島歐盟候選國家:塞爾維亞、蒙特內哥羅、波赫、阿爾巴尼 亞和北馬其頓等 5 國作為研究對象，探討中國經濟資源投入是否影響歐盟候選國 與歐盟之間關係。藉由個案討論，本文發現申請入盟的巴爾幹國家在不同程度的 中國投資下，當該國跟歐盟關係比較融洽時，該國在中國「一帶一路」倡議下的 投資紅利轉換為中國政治影響力的情況比較不明顯;相反的，當該國與歐盟關係 存在衝突時，中國對該國的投資影響以及所轉換的政治影響力就比較明確。當該 國無法從原本的強權(歐盟)獲得足夠資源的話，則有可能靠近另一個大國(中 國)以爭取更多的資源，並且本文發現與歐盟關係較融洽的國家經濟交往仍以歐 盟為主，中國影響力有限;然而，與歐盟關係不這麼融洽的國家，可能會引入中 國的經濟資源以平衡歐盟對該國的壓力，連帶地中國影響力也會增加。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This paper focuses on the EU candidate countries in the Balkans: Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania, and North Macedonia. These countries exhibit varying degrees of economic engagement with China. Through case studies, this paper analyzes the relationships between these Balkan countries, the EU, and China, in the context of China’s differing levels of investment. The paper posits that when a country maintains a harmonious relationship with the EU, the political influence of China’s Belt and Road Initiative investments is less evident. Conversely, when there is conflict in the relationship with the EU, China’s investment and resulting political influence become more pronounced. If a country cannot secure sufficient resources from the EU, it may turn to China for additional resources. The study finds that countries with better relationships with the EU predominantly engage economically with the EU, limiting China’s influence. However, countries with less favorable relationships with the EU tend to attract Chinese economic resources to counterbalance EU pressures, thereby increasing China’s influence.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究動機與目的 1 第二節 研究問題 4 第三節 本文的論點 15 第四節 案例選擇與研究方法 17 第五節 本文章節安排 23 第二章 文獻探討 25 第一節 解釋國家外交選擇的理論 25 第二節 中國影響力相關文獻探討 28 第三節 各國與歐盟的關係 33 第三章 與中國經濟往來積極的國家 41 第一節 塞爾維亞 41 第二節 蒙特內哥羅 54 第三節 波赫 62 第四節 本章研究發現 68 第四章 與中國經濟往來較不積極的國家 71 第一節 北馬其頓 71 第二節 阿爾巴尼亞 76 第三節 本章研究發現 83 第五章 結論 84 參考文獻 86zh_TW
dc.format.extent 6490756 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108922017en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 巴爾幹半島zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 一帶一路zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中國影響力zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 擴大政策zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 抗衡與扈從zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) The Balkansen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Belt and Road Initiativeen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) China Influenceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Enlargementen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Balance or Bandwagonen_US
dc.title (題名) 中國「一帶一路」在歐洲巴爾幹半島國家的政治影響力分析zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Political Influence of China's Belt and Road Initiative in the Balkansen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文部分 一、 官方文件 中國外交部，2022，〈中國—中東歐國家合作〉，《中國外交部》，https:// www.mfa.gov.cn/web/gjhdq_676201/gjhdqzz_681964/zgzdogjhz/1206x0_ 679932/，查閱時間：2022年11月30日。 二、 專書 林詩凱、廖坤榮，2018，《抗衡或扈從—東南亞國家對中國戰略的回應》。台北：翰蘆圖書。 吳玉山，1997，《抗衡或扈從－兩岸關係新詮：從蘇聯看台灣與大陸間的關係》，台北：正中書局。 徐剛，2016《巴爾幹地區合作與歐洲一體化》。北京：社會科學文獻出版社。 三、 專書論文 廖舜右，2016，〈現實主義典範的緣起與內涵〉。張登及、張亞中主編，《國 濟 濟關係總論》。新北：揚智文化事業股份有限公司。頁42-45。 四、 期刊 吳玉山，1997，〈抗衡或扈從：面對強鄰時的策略抉擇（上）〉，《問題與研究》，36(2)：1-32。 吳玉山，1997，〈抗衡或扈從：面對強鄰時的策略抉擇（下）〉，《問題與研究》， 36(3)：61-80。 況正吉，2003，〈歐盟東擴進程及其面臨之挑戰〉，《問題與研究》，42(5)：25-54。 邵允鍾，2018，〈從歐盟會員國憲政危機檢討哥本哈根政治標準執行上之缺失〉，《歐美研究》，48(1)：139-193。 陳欣之，2011，〈崛起， 挑戰與承繼霸權-崛起強權參與建構國際制度過程的觀察〉，《問題與研究》，50(4)：63-88。 陳麒安，2008，〈聯盟理論之研究：現實主義的觀點〉，《國際關係學報》，26： 133-167。 楊三億，2002，〈後冷戰時期中、東歐地區權力結構分析〉，《問題與研究》， 41(2)：89-103。 楊三億，2017，〈歐洲中小型國家安全政策：策略選擇與轉型〉，《問題與研究》， 56(2)：31-66。 楊三億，2021，〈強權競爭下的中型國家安全策略：以波蘭與土耳其為例〉，《歐美研究》，51(2)：311-355。 葉錦娟，2008，〈從蒙特內哥羅獨立檢視歐盟的軟權力工具〉，《國際關係學報》26：101-132。 劉復國，2012，〈歐債危機對美中歐盟關係變化之涵義〉，《全球政治論》，37：19-24。 賴昀辰，2014，〈歐洲聯盟貿易政策的權力分析〉，《問題與研究》，53(1)：99-123。 薛健吾，2020，〈中國「一帶一路」在第一個五年的進展與影響（2013－2018）〉，《遠景基金會季刊》，21(2)：1-53。 薛健吾，2020，〈歷史的終結? 歐俄競爭下中東歐國家與俄國之間外交政策利益相似程度之變化 (2000~ 2018)〉，《問題與研究》，59(4)：51-93。 薛健吾，2022，〈北約對中戰略分析：[中俄關係]與[北約各國的國內政治]是兩大關鍵〉，《亞洲政經與和平研究》，10：29-40。 薛健吾，2022，〈扈從、避險、抗衡、孤立？初探臺灣四種對中政策態度的民意基礎〉，《臺灣民主季刊》，19(1)：83-133。 蘇卓馨，2019，〈歐盟規範性權力在亞洲的試煉-以貿易議程為例〉，《全球政治評論》，65：57-79。 蘇卓馨，2019，〈歐盟規範性權力與中國關係性權力在中東歐國家的實踐〉，《政治科學論叢》，81：69-103。 蘇卓馨，2021，〈歐盟規範性權力與歐中投資協定談判〉，《問題與研究》，60(4)： 107-138。 蘇卓馨，2022，〈歐中體制競爭下的合作〉，《人文及社會科學集刊》，34(4)：817-840。 五、 網路資料 BBC News，〈中國在巴爾幹投巨資 打造東南歐橋頭堡〉，查閱時間：2022/ 10/20，檢自：<https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/world-41678207>。 BBC News，〈一帶一路進入巴爾幹 歐盟關注家門口的中國影響力〉，查閱時間：2022/11/23，檢自：<https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/world-55611457>。 BBC News，〈「一帶一路」倡議十週年改變世界的成敗與未來〉，查閱時間：2022/11/25，檢自：<https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/chinese-news-6676 2882>。 BBC News，〈「歐洲最昂貴的公路」如何讓黑山人對中國看法兩極〉，查閱時間：2023/04/23，檢自：<https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/fooc-60441131>。 BBC News，〈BBC俄烏戰爭：為什麼普京在這個歐洲小國仍有忠誠的支持者〉，查閱時間：2023/08/22，檢自：<https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/world -66264946>。 BBC News，〈中國入世改變遊戲規則：西方的期盼和中國的衝擊〉，查閱時間：2023/05/23，檢自：<https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/business-59620392>。 BBC NEWS 中文，〈中國光大收購阿爾巴尼亞機場運營權〉，查閱時間：2022/11/23，檢自：<https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/business/2016/10/161008_china_ everbright_abania_airport>。 BBC NEWS 中文，〈專訪阿利雅：從「同志加兄弟」到冤家對頭〉，查閱時間：2024/1/18，檢自：<https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/indepth/2010/06/100 519_albania_alia>。 人民網，〈推動共建絲綢之路經濟帶和 21 世紀海上絲綢之路的願景與行動〉，查閱時間：2022/11/15，檢自：<http://ydyl.people.com.cn/BIG5/n1/2017/04 25/c411837-29235511.html>。 中央社，〈波羅的海3國全退出中國與中東歐合作機制 捷克可能跟進〉，查閱時間：2023/04/25，檢自：<https://www.cna.com.tw/news/aopl/202208120007. aspx>。 法國國際廣播電台，〈2020年中國超越美國成為歐盟最大的貿易夥伴〉，查閱 時間：2023/04/21，檢自：<https://www.rfi.fr/tw/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2/ 20210215-2020%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E8%B6%85% E8%B6%8A%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E6%88%90%E7%82%BA%E6% AD%90%E7%9B%9F%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E8%B2% BF%E6%98%93%E5%A4%A5%E4%BC%B4>。 法國國際廣播電台，〈立陶宛退出17+1 呼籲它國跟進中國中東歐合作機制斷鏈〉，查閱時間：2023/04/28，檢自：<https://www.rfi.fr/tw/%E4%B8%AD%E5% 9C%8B/20210522-%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B%E9%80% 80%E5%87%BA17-1-%E5%91%BC%E7%B1%B2%E5%AE%83%E5%9C% 8B%E8%B7%9F%E9%80%B2-%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%AD %E6%9D%B1%E6%AD%90%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E6%A9%9F%E5%88%B6%E6%96%B7%E9%8F%88>。 英文部分 一、 官方文件 A Credible Enlargement Perspective for and Enhanced EU Engagement with the Western Balkans, European Commission, Retrieved March 14, 2023, from: https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/e3f0797b-28cb-11e8b5 fe-01aa75ed71a1/language-en A Chinese donation of protective medical equipment for the needs of the Army received, Retrieved March 12, 2023, from: https://mod.gov.mk/primopredavanje-donacija-od-nr-kina-14-07-2020/ Agreement(s) between the Ministry of National Defence of the People’s Republic, Retrieved February 11, 2024, from: https://www.mfa.rs/sites/default/files/inline -files/kina.pdf Eu-Western Balkans Summit Thessaloniki, 21 June 2003, Retrieved May 12, 2024, from: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/PRES_03_163 Joint Communication to the European Parliament and the Council, EU-China – A Strategic Outlook, Retrieved March 12, 2023, from: https://op.europa.eu/en /publication-detail/-/publication/3a5bf913-45af-11e9-a8ed- 二、 期刊 Bargués, P., & Morillas, P. 2021. “From democratization to fostering resilience: EU intervention and the challenges of building institutions, social trust, and legitimacy in Bosnia and Herzegovina.” Democratization, 28(7)：1319-1337. Bartlett, W. 2021. “International assistance, donor interests, and state capture in the Western Balkans.” Journal of Contemporary European Studies, 29(2), 184-200. Bennon, M., & Fukuyama, F. 2023. “China’s Road to Ruin: The Real Toll of Beijing’s Belt and Road.” Foreign Affairs, 102(5)：143-152. Bieliński, T., Markiewicz, M., & Oziewicz, E. 2019. “Do Central and Eastern Europe countries play a role in the Belt and Road Initiative? The case of Chinese OFDI into the CEE–16 Countries.” Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe, 22(2)：7-22. Bjørnskov, C. a. M. R. 2020. “Regime types and regime change: A new dataset on democracy, coups, and political institutions. Review of International Organizations. ” Review of International Organizations, 15(2)：531-551. Börzel, T. A., & Grimm, S. 2018. “Building Good (Enough) Governance in Postconflict Societies & Areas of Limited Statehood: The European Union & the Western Balkans.” Daedalus, 147(1)：116-127. Brady, A.-M., & Higashi, H. 2019. “Are we real friends? Albania-China relations in the Xi era.” Sinopsis, September, 17. Cameron, A., & Leigh, M. 2020. “Has COVID-19 dented the EU’s credibility in the Balkans.” Bruegel Blog, 15. Chang, V. K., & Pieke, F. N. 2018. “Europe’s engagement with China: shifting Chinese views of the EU and the EU-China relationship.” Asia Europe Journal, 16(4)：317-331. China’s investments in the Western Balkans. 2020. Strategic Comments, 26(10)：iv-vi. Chirathivat, S., & Langhammer, R. J. 2020. “ASEAN and the EU Challenged by ‘Divide and Rule’ Strategies of the US and China Evidence and Possible Reactions.” International Economics and Economic Policy, 17(3)：659-670. Cianetti, L., Dawson, J., & Hanley, S. 2018. “Rethinking ‘democratic backsliding’ in Central and Eastern Europe – looking beyond Hungary and Poland.” East European Politics, 34(3)：243-256. Cristina, P. O. 2019. “EXPLAINING CHINESE FDI IN CEE COUNTRIES-A FIXED EFFECTS PANEL DATA ANALYSIS.” Economic and Social Development: Book of Proceedings, 173-181. Damjanovski, I., Lavrič, M., & Naterer, A. 2020. “Predictors of Euroscepticism in six Western Balkan countries.” Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 20(2)：327-348. Dimitrijević, D. 2020. “Contemporary relations of Serbia and China in a changing world.” In. Institute of International Politics and Economics; Faculty of Security Studies. Džankić, J., & Keil, S. 2017. “State-sponsored Populism and the Rise of Populist Governance: The Case of Montenegro.” Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies, 19(4)：403-418. Fan, S., Kanbur, R., Wei, S.-J., & Zhang, X. 2013. The economics of china: successes and challenges. Garlick, J., & Qin, F. 2023. “China’s Ideational Influence in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE): A Comparative Analysis of Chinese and European Scholars’ Interpretations of China-CEE Cooperation. ” Journal of Contemporary China, 32(139)：123-137. Geeraerts, G. 2019. “The EU-China partnership: balancing between divergence and convergence.” Asia Europe Journal, 17：281-294. Grgić, M. 2019. “Chinese infrastructural investments in the Balkans: political implications of the highway project in Montenegro.” Territory, Politics, Governance, 7(1)：42-60. Jaćimović, D., Deichmann, J. I., & Tianping, K. 2023. “The Western Balkans and Geopolitics: Leveraging the European Union and China.” Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies, 25(4)：626-643. Jojić, S. 2017. How Serbia perceives “The Belt and the Road” Initiative and 16+ 1 Cooperation.” China–CEE Institute Working Paper, 9. Juncos, A. E. 2018. “EU security sector reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Reform or resist? ” Contemporary Security Policy, 39(1)：95-118. Kartsonaki, A., & Wolff, S. 2023. “An Impenetrable Knot of Blended Conflicts? The National Identity Constraints of European Integration in the Western Balkans.” Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, 17(2)：192-206. Ker-Lindsay, J., Armakolas, I., Balfour, R., & Stratulat, C. 2017. “The national politics of EU enlargement in the Western Balkans.” Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 17(4)：511-522. Kim, S. Y., Meunier, S., & Nyiri, Z. 2017. “Yin and yank? Public opinion in Europe toward the US and China.” Comparative European Politics, 15, 577-603. Koneska, C., Huskić, A., & Krasniqi, G. 2023. “Macedonia, Bosnia and Kosovo: Contested Statehood and the EU.” Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, 17(2)：173-191. Lin, Y. 2018. “Economic ‘highway’ with three speed tracks and destinations between China and CEE.” China—CEE Institute (Budapest), Working paper(14). Liu, I. T. 2023. “Beyond the spatial fix: towards a finance-sensitive reading of the Belt and Road in Serbia.” Area Development and Policy, 1-22. Markovic Khaze, N., & Wang, X. 2021. “Is China’s rising influence in the Western Balkans a threat to European integration?” Journal of Contemporary European Studies, 29(2)：234-250. Marku, Y. 2017. “China and Albania: the Cultural Revolution and Cold War Relations.” Cold War History, 17(4)：367-383. Marku, Y. 2023. “Preparing for an alliance: China’s socialist model and Albania’s economic path in the Early Cold War.” European Review of History: Revue européenne d’histoire, 30(3)：410-432. Matura, T. 2019. “China–CEE Trade, Investment and Politics.” Europe-Asia Studies, 71(3)： 388-407. Mitić, A. 2022. “Mapping the Obstructive narratives on China-CEEC cooperation.” In. Eurasia Center, John Von Neumann University. Mitrović, D. 2023. “The dynamics of the Republic of Serbia’s cooperation with China via the Belt and Road Initiative and the ‘Sixteen plus One’ platform.” Journal of Contemporary East Asia Studies, 12(1)：148-178. Oehler-Şincai, I. M. 2018. “The 16+ 1 Process: Correlations between the EU dependency/attitude matrix and the cooperation intensity with China.” 16+1 High-level Academic Forum. Pavlićević, D. 2018. “‘China Threat’ and ‘China Opportunity’: Politics of Dreams and Fears in China-Central and Eastern European Relations” Journal of Contemporary China, 27(113)：688-702. Pavlićević, D. 2019. “A power shift underway in Europe? China’s relationship with Central and Eastern Europe under the Belt and Road Initiative.” Mapping China’s ‘one belt one road’initiative, 249-278. Pavlićević, D. 2019. “Structural power and the China-EU-Western Balkans triangular relations.” Asia Europe Journal, 17(4)：453-468. Pepermans, A. 2018.“ China’s 16+1 and Belt and Road Initiative in Central and Eastern Europe: economic and political influence at a cheap price.” Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe, 26(2-3)：181-203. Ramasamy, B., & Yeung, M. 2022. “China’s outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) to developing countries: the case of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE).” Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, 27(1)：124-146. Richter, S., & Wunsch, N. 2020. “Money, power, glory: the linkages between EU conditionality and state capture in the Western Balkans.” Journal of European Public Policy, 27(1)：41-62. Rogers, S. 2019. “China, Hungary, and the Belgrade-Budapest railway upgrade: New politically-induced dimensions of FDI and the trajectory of Hungarian economic development.” Journal of east-west business, 25(1)：84-106. Scissors, D. 2019. “The belt and road is overhyped, commercially.” American Enterprise Institute, 12. Smith, N. R., Markovic Khaze, N., & Kovacevic, M. 2021. “The EU’s stability-democracy dilemma in the context of the problematic accession of the Western Balkan states.” Journal of Contemporary European Studies, 29(2)：169-183. https://doi.org/10.1080/14782804.2020.1823823 Soyaltin-Colella, D. 2023. “The EU Accession Process, Chinese Finance and Rising Corruption in Western Balkan Stabilitocracies: Serbia and Montenegro.” Europe-Asia Studies, 75(8)：1311-1335. Stroikos, D. 2023. “‘Head of the Dragon’ or ‘Trojan Horse’?: Reassessing China–Greece Relations.” Journal of Contemporary China, 32(142)：602-619. Szicherle, P., Molnár, C., & Krekó, P. 2021. “The Specter of Authoritarian Regimes is Haunting Europe-Populist friends seek to help lowering the EU’s guard.” Taylor, M. R. 2022. “Inside the EU–China Human Rights Dialogue: assessing the practical delivery of the EU’s normative power in a hostile environment.” Journal of European Integration, 44(3)：365-380. Toal, G., & Maksić, A. 2011. “Is Bosnia-Herzegovina Unsustainable? Implications for the Balkans and European Union.” Eurasian Geography and Economics, 52(2)：279-293. Vangeli, A. 2021. “China’s Ideational Impact in the Western Balkans, 2009–2019.” Western Balkans at the Crossroads: Ways Forward in Analyzing External Actors’ Influence, 39. Vladisavljev, S. 2021. “China’s’ Digital Silk Road’Enters the Western Balkans.” Association for International Affairs. Vukmirović, V., Kostić-Stanković, M., Pavlović, D., Ateljević, J., Bjelica, D., Radonić, M., & Sekulić, D. 2021.“Foreign direct investments impact on economic growth in Serbia.” Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies, 23(1)：122-143. Wang, Q., & Wang, J. 2022.“China and Japan in CEEC: competition, cooperation and co-existence?” Journal of Contemporary East Asia Studies, 11(1)：86-106. https://doi.org/10.1080/24761028.2022.2049028 Wigglesworth, R., & Sun, Y. 2023.“How China changed the game for countries in default.” FT.com. Zeng, Y. 2024.“Riding the Trojan Horse? EU Accession and Chinese Investment in CEE Countries.” Journal of Contemporary China, 33(147)：486-501. 三、網路資料 The American Enterprise Institute. 2022. “China Global Investment. Tracker.” AEI. https:// www.aei.org/china-global-investment-tracker/. (Accessed on Dec. 30, 2022) Albannia Kuçova. 2024. “Inaugural Ceremony at Albanian Air Base after Major-NATO funded Upgrade.” NSPA. https://ac.nato.int/archive/2024/Kucova_ Air_Base _Inauguration. (Accessed on Dec. 30, 2022) Anne-Marie Brady and Hiromichi Higashi. 2019. “Are We Real Friends? Albania-China Relations in the Xi Era,” SINOPSIS. https://sinopsis.cz/en/are-we-real-friends-albania-china-relations-in-the-xi-era/. (Accessed on May 5, 2024) Bjoernskov-Rode Regime Data 2021. “Bjoernskov-Rode Regime Data (version 4.3).” https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/17Ai0fwbPO4V7wAvUBcMQb4RQRf2XUlt1/edit#gid=397785022. (Accessed on June 30, 2023) BBC News. 2024. “EU: Bosnia and Herzegovina to begin talks to join bloc,” BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-68630545.(Accessed on June 30, 2024) BBC News. 2024. “Serbia country profile,” BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/ world-europe-17907947. (Accessed on June 30, 2024) China and the EU in the Western Balkans. 2020. “Chapter 1: China’s approach to the Western Balkans.” China and the EU in the Western Balkans. https://www. clingendael.org/pub/2020/china-and-the-eu-in-the-western-balkans/1-chinas-approach-to-the-western-balkans/. (Accessed on Jan. 30, 2024) China and the EU in the Western Balkans. 2020.“Chapter 2: Reactions to China in the. Western Balkans countries,” China and the EU in the Western Balkans. https://www.clingendael.org/pub/2020/china-and-the-eu-in-the-western-balkans /2-reactions-to-china-in-the-western-balkans-countries/. (Accessed on Jan. 30, 2024) China Index. 2022. “China Index 2022.” China Index. https://china-index.io/country/ Serbia. (Accessed on March 31, 2024) China Index. 2022. “China Index 2022.” China Index.https://china-index.io/country/ Montenegro. (Accessed on March 31, 2024) China Index. 2022. “China Index 2022.” China Index. https://china-index.io/country/ Bosinia-and-Herzegovina. (Accessed on March 31, 2024) China Index. 2022. “China Index 2022,” China Index. https://china-index.io/country/ North-Macedonia. (Accessed on March 31, 2024) China Index 2022. “China Index 2022,” China Index. https://china-index.io/country/ Albania. (Accessed on March 31, 2024) Dusica Tomovic. 2015. “Montenegro Cuts Taxes on Chinese Highway Builders.” BalkanInsight. https://balkaninsight.com/2015/04/29/chinese-gain-tax-exclusion-for-montenegro-s-highway-construction/.(Accessed on Dec. 17, 2022) Fatjona Mejdini. 2016. “Chinese Buy Rights to Oil Fields in Albania,” Balkan Insight. https://balkaninsight.com/2016/03/21/chinese-company-to-take-over-oil-fields-of- albania-03-21-2016/. (Accessed on Aug. 17, 2023) Fitch Ratings. 2017. “China’s One Belt One Road Initiative Brings Risks,” Fitch Ratings. https://www.fitchratings.com/site/pr/1018144. (Accessed on Jan. 17, 2024) Frauke Seebass. 2024. “Serbia Has Crossed the EU’s Rubicon; Germany and Its Allies Must Respond,” German Council on Foreign Relations. https://ec.europa.eu/ commission/presscorner/detail/en/statement_23_6742?force_isolation=true. (Accessed on June 17, 2024) Freedom House.2016. “FREEDOM IN THE WORLD 2016.” Freedom house. https:// freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/FH_FITW_Report_2016.pdf.(Accessed on June 30, 2023) Freedom House. 2022. “FREEDOM IN THE WORLD 2022.” https://freedomhouse. org/sites/default/files/2022-02/FIW_2022_PDF_Digital_Final_Web.pdf. (Accessed on June 30, 2023) Jovana Marović. 2020. “China’s Growing Investments in Montenegro—Will the New Government Break Their Secrecy?” European Western. Balkans.https:// europeanwesternbalkans.com/2020/11/06/chinas-growing-investments-in-montenegro-will-the-new-government-break-their-secrecy/. (Accessed on Dec. 17, 2023) Marcin Przychodniak. 2020. “The Importance of the Western Balkans in China’s Foreign Policy,” PISM. https://pism.pl/publications/The_Importance_of_the _Western_Balkans__in_Chinas_Foreign_Policy. (Accessed on Dec. 18, 2023) Michael Bennon and Francis Fukuyama. 2023. “China’s road to ruin: The real toll of beijing’s belt and road.” Foreign Affairs. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/china /belt-road-initiative-xi-imf. (Accessed on Feb. 17, 2024) Nektaria Stamouli. 2024. “North Macedonia’s EU aspirations face bumpy ride after elections,” POLITICO. https://www.politico.eu/article/north-macedonia-enters-electoral-race-that-will-define-its-eu-path/. (Accessed on June 30, 2024) Llazar Semini. 2024. “Albania turns an old Soviet-era air base into a regional hub of NATO air operations,” The Associated Press. https://apnews.com/article/albania -nato-air-base-kucove-29ddaadba4be1ea0513055e035d7a3dc. (Accessed on June 17, 2024) Srećko Latal. 2023. “Bosnia and Herzegovina: Geopolitical Strife Fuels Local, Regional Crises.” the Prague Security Studies Institute. https://www. balkancrossroads.com/files/ugd/1485a825d424dd1d094e6d9b86b93ea9a5d5dc.pdf> (Accessed on May 17, 2024) Tijana Cvjetićanin. 2022. “Chinese Influence in Bosnia and Herzegovina.” CEPA. https://cepa.org/comprehensive-reports/chinese-influence-in-bosnia-and- herzegovina /#footnote_25_20885. (Accessed on Dec 17, 2023) Vladimir Shopov. 2022. “MAPPING CHINA’S RISE IN THE WESTERN BALKANS.” European Council on foreign relations. https://ecfr.eu/special/ china-balkans/. (Accessed on June 17, 2023) The World Bank. 2023. “World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts. data files,” The World Bank. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator /NY.GDP.MKTP.CD?end=2022&locations=CN-EU&start=1995. (Accessed on Dec. 17, 2023) Xinhua. 2023. “Serbia’s president speaks highly of China-built Belgrade bypass.” Cooperation between China and Central and Eastern European Countries, http://www.china-ceec.org/eng/jmhz/202301/t20230117_11009979.htm. (Accessed on Jan. 17, 2024)zh_TW