| dc.contributor.advisor | 樓永堅 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Yung-Chien Lou | en_US |
| dc.contributor.author (作者) | 張惠雯 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author (作者) | Hui-Wen Chang | en_US |
| dc.creator (作者) | 張惠雯 | zh_TW |
| dc.creator (作者) | Hui-Wen Chang | en_US |
| dc.date (日期) | 2002 | en_US |
| dc.date.accessioned | 14-九月-2009 09:44:26 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.date.available | 14-九月-2009 09:44:26 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.date.issued (上傳時間) | 14-九月-2009 09:44:26 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) | G0090933006 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri (URI) | https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/31290 | - |
| dc.description (描述) | 碩士 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 國立政治大學 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 國際經營管理碩士班(IMBA) | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 90933006 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 91 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract (摘要) | A Study On Taiwan’s Management Consulting Industry ~ An Application Of The Structure-Conduct-Performance Analysis Student: Hui-Wen Chang Advisor: Dr. Yung-Chien Lou ABSTRACT Among the service industries, management consultancy is the most prominent due to its importance for the prosperity and competitiveness of enterprises. Therefore, the motivation of carrying out this study is to explore ways to facilitate the successful development of management consulting industry and ultimately revive Taiwan’s economy. The focus of this study is concentrated on the characteristics of Taiwan’s management consulting industry by understanding its evolvement path, current condition, composition of five competitive forces, and its organization economic model to discover the industry’s structure, behavior pattern of participants and overall performance. This study also aims at identifying fundamental causes of the industry’s long-lasting problems and factors that hinder the implementation of the most frequently proposed recommendations in the past two decades. Through the application of S-C-P paradigm and the feedback from industry experts, this study concludes that the most frequently raised pressing issues of Taiwan’s management consulting industry are actually symptoms of the industry’s unique structure with 88% of industry participants employed fewer than 10 people (i.e. the cause), which reflects the influence of the industry’s low entry barrier, as well as the nature of management consultation knowledge, mindset of consultants and clients’ behavior. And pertaining to factors hindering the implementations of most frequently proposed recommendations in the past 20 years, this study comes to the conclusion that lacking of legislation, characteristics of management consultation services, mindset of industry participants, and clients’ true needs are major issues adding difficulties to the execution of various recommendations proposed. Last but not least, this study also proposes several criteria to enhance the effectiveness of recommendations proposed by previous studies. | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract (摘要) | TABLE OF CONTENT CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Research Motivation 2 1.2 Research Objectives 2 1.3 Scope 3 1.4 Methodology 4 1.5 Conceptual Structure 7 1.6 Limitations 10 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW 13 2.1 Definition of Management Consulting Industry 14 2.1.1 Definition of Management Consultancy 14 2.1.2 Scope of Taiwan`s Management Consulting Industry 16 2.2 Previous Researches 18 2.3 Summary 26 Reference of Chapter II 28 CHAPTER III THEORIES 31 3.1 The Structure-Conduct-Performance (S-C-P) Paradigm 32 3.2 Porter`s “Five Forces of Competition” model 35 Reference of Chapter III 39 CHAPTER IV MANAGEMENT CONSULTING INDUSTRY IN TAIWAN 41 4.1 History ~ Background and Development 42 4.1.1 1950 ~ 1989 42 4.1.2 1990 ~ 2000 45 4.2 Current Condition 49 4.2.1 Developments in 2001 49 4.2.2 Developments in 2002 51 4.2.3 Outlook for 2003 56 4.3 The Management Consultant`s Services 58 4.3.1 Specific Consulting Activities 58 4.3.2 Trend of major management consulting activities provided 59 4.4 Types of Participants 66 Reference of Chapter IV 71 CHAPTER V STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF TAIWAN’S MANAGEMENT CONSULTING INDUSTRY 77 5.1 Structure-Conduct-Performance Analysis of Taiwan`s Management Consulting industry 78 5.1.1 Structure of Taiwan`s management consulting industry 80 5.1.2 Conduct of Taiwan`s Management Consulting Industry 84 5.1.3 Performance of Taiwan`s Management Consulting Industry 88 5.1.4 Summary. 94 5.2 Five Forces Analysis of Taiwan`s Management Consulting Industry 97 5.2.1 Threats of New Entrants 97 5.2.2 Competition Among Existing Industry Players 99 5.2.3 Pressure From Substitutes 101 5.2.4 The Bargaining Power Of Suppliers 103 5.2.5 The Bargaining Power Of 104 5.2.6 Summary 107 5.3 Cross Analysis 108 Reference of Chapter V 110 CHAPTER VI ANALYSIS OF PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS PROPOSED 113 6.1 Causes of long-existed pressing issues 114 6.2 Factors hindering the implementation of recommendations 125 6.3 Summary 131 Reference of Chapter VI 133 CHAPTER VII CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTED FURTHER STUDIES 135 7.1 Summary of Research Findings 136 7.1.1 Recent Condition & Outlook for 2003 136 7.1.2 Structure-Conduct-Performance Analysis 137 7.1.3 Five Forces Analysis 139 7.1.4 Analysis of Problems and Recommendations Proposed 139 7.2 Conclusions 143 7.3 Suggestions 144 7.4 Suggested further studies 150 Appendix: PowerPoint of this study 153 | - |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | TABLE OF CONTENT CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Research Motivation 2 1.2 Research Objectives 2 1.3 Scope 3 1.4 Methodology 4 1.5 Conceptual Structure 7 1.6 Limitations 10 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW 13 2.1 Definition of Management Consulting Industry 14 2.1.1 Definition of Management Consultancy 14 2.1.2 Scope of Taiwan`s Management Consulting Industry 16 2.2 Previous Researches 18 2.3 Summary 26 Reference of Chapter II 28 CHAPTER III THEORIES 31 3.1 The Structure-Conduct-Performance (S-C-P) Paradigm 32 3.2 Porter`s “Five Forces of Competition” model 35 Reference of Chapter III 39 CHAPTER IV MANAGEMENT CONSULTING INDUSTRY IN TAIWAN 41 4.1 History ~ Background and Development 42 4.1.1 1950 ~ 1989 42 4.1.2 1990 ~ 2000 45 4.2 Current Condition 49 4.2.1 Developments in 2001 49 4.2.2 Developments in 2002 51 4.2.3 Outlook for 2003 56 4.3 The Management Consultant`s Services 58 4.3.1 Specific Consulting Activities 58 4.3.2 Trend of major management consulting activities provided 59 4.4 Types of Participants 66 Reference of Chapter IV 71 CHAPTER V STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF TAIWAN’S MANAGEMENT CONSULTING INDUSTRY 77 5.1 Structure-Conduct-Performance Analysis of Taiwan`s Management Consulting industry 78 5.1.1 Structure of Taiwan`s management consulting industry 80 5.1.2 Conduct of Taiwan`s Management Consulting Industry 84 5.1.3 Performance of Taiwan`s Management Consulting Industry 88 5.1.4 Summary. 94 5.2 Five Forces Analysis of Taiwan`s Management Consulting Industry 97 5.2.1 Threats of New Entrants 97 5.2.2 Competition Among Existing Industry Players 99 5.2.3 Pressure From Substitutes 101 5.2.4 The Bargaining Power Of Suppliers 103 5.2.5 The Bargaining Power Of 104 5.2.6 Summary 107 5.3 Cross Analysis 108 Reference of Chapter V 110 CHAPTER VI ANALYSIS OF PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS PROPOSED 113 6.1 Causes of long-existed pressing issues 114 6.2 Factors hindering the implementation of recommendations 125 6.3 Summary 131 Reference of Chapter VI 133 CHAPTER VII CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTED FURTHER STUDIES 135 7.1 Summary of Research Findings 136 7.1.1 Recent Condition & Outlook for 2003 136 7.1.2 Structure-Conduct-Performance Analysis 137 7.1.3 Five Forces Analysis 139 7.1.4 Analysis of Problems and Recommendations Proposed 139 7.2 Conclusions 143 7.3 Suggestions 144 7.4 Suggested further studies 150 Appendix: PowerPoint of this study 153 | zh_TW |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | - |
| dc.source.uri (資料來源) | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0090933006 | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 管理顧問 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 產業分析 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 結構 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 行為 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 績效 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Management consulting industry | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Management consultancy | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Consultation services | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Structure-Conduct-Performance | en_US |
| dc.title (題名) | 產業結構-行為-績效之研究∼ 以台灣管理顧問產業為例 | zh_TW |
| dc.title (題名) | A Study on Taiwan`s Management Consulting Industry ~ An Application of the Structure-Conduct-Performance Analysis | en_US |
| dc.type (資料類型) | thesis | en |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Reference of Chapter II | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 1. SIC Description for 8742, Occupational Safety & Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, <http://www.osha.gov/cgi-bin/sic/sicser2?sic=8742> | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 2. Codes, Standard Industrial Classification Codes, pp 41, 52-53 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | <http://www.deq.state.or.us/wmc/documents/hwrpt39-74.pdf> | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | nec: not else where classified. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 3. Management Consultancies Association (UK), <http://www.mca.org.uk/html/whatman.html> | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 4. By Laws: Article II (Definition of Professional Field), Section 1 (Consulting to Management), Association of Management Consulting Firms, <http://www.amcf.org/memBylaws.html> | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 5. Original text: “凡從事提供企業管理、諮詢及有關問題研討之行業均屬之”, National Statistics，Standard Industrial Classification System of ROC, 7th revision, January 2001, <http://www.stat.gov.tw/bs1/english/indu90.htm> | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 6. 吳道揆 (D.K. Woo), 我國管理顧問機構服務功能之研究, 國立政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文, June 1978 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 7. 沈群英 (C.I. Sheng), 受輔導客戶配合度與管理顧問輔導績效關係之研究,台灣工業技術學院工程技術研究所碩士論文, June 1985 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 8. 張文昌 (W.C. Chang), 我國企管顧問業服務推廣與客戶需求配合之研究, ,台灣工業技術學院工程技術研究所碩士論文, June 1987 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | i. 周錫洋先生，中華民國企業經營管理顧問協會理事長 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Mr. Chou, Chairman, Business Management Consultants Association of Republic Of China (BMCA) | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ii. 林明杰先生，中華民國管理科學學會秘書長 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Mr. Ming-ji James Lin, Secretary General, Chinese Management Association (CMA) | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | iii. 王文信先生，中國生產力中心經管技術部協理 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Mr. Wen-Shinn Want, Director of Management Technology Division, China Productivity Center | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 2. Compiled by this study. Please refer to section 2.3 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 3. Calculated from the primary data of Industry, Commerce and Services Census 2001 (The Directorate- General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, 2001) | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 9. 許晉銘 (J.M. Hsu), 管理顧問與客戶間配合關係之研究, 國立中興大學企業管理研究所碩士論文, June 1995 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 10. 陳香梅 (S.M. Chen), Strategic Planning on the Development of Management Consultants Corporations in Taiwan – An Application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, Master Thesis of Graduate School of Management Science, Tamkang University, June 1986 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 11. 林政鴻 (C.H. Lin), The Study on Development Program of Management Consultants, 私立中原大學企業管理研究所碩士論文, June 1990 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 12. 何正卿 (C.C. Ho), 管理顧問業作業管理特性及主要問題之研究, 國立政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文, July 1993 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 13. 李麗娟 (L J. Lee), A Comparison of Management Consulting Services Provided by CPA and non-CPA Firms, Master Thesis of Graduate Institute of Business Administration, National Taiwan University, January 1994, | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 14. 張筱貞 (H.C. Chang), 台灣企業顧問經營特質與國際化之研究, 國立臺灣大學國際企業學研究所碩士論文, June 1995 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 15. Percival, P.J. Hsiao, A Study of Quality Strategies of High-Tech Services Industry – Empirical Study of Consultant Industry, Master Thesis of Graduate Institute of Business Administration, National Taiwan University, June 1989 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 16. Ming-Tei Hu, A Study of Relationships Between Consulting Interventions and Consultation Success, Master Thesis of Graduate School of Management, Tatung Institute of Technology, June 1990 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 17. Ting-Fang Cheng, A Study on Key Success Factors of Management Consulting Services in Taiwan from the Industrial Characteristics of Management Consulting Services, Master Thesis of Institute of Management of Technology, National Chiao Tung University, June 1997 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 18. 蔡采方 (T.F. Tsai), The Framework of Knowledge Management in Consulting, 大葉大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文, June 2000 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 19. 黃勝泰 (S.T. Huang), 影響ERP顧問績效因素之探討, 國立中央大學資訊管理學系碩士論文, June 2001 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 20. 羅仕偉 (S.W. Lo), 影響企業資源規劃系統成功因素之研究 ~ 從顧問服務與軟體差異性探討, 國立中央大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文, June 2001 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 21. 陳建勳(Chien-Hsun Chen), A Study of Information System Consulting Service Quality, 國立台灣科技大學企業管理系碩士論文, June 2002 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 22. Just names a few sources as example: 張文昌 (W.C. Chang), 我國企管顧問業服務推廣與客戶需求配合之研究, June 1987; 何正卿 (C.C. Ho), 管理顧問業作業管理特性及主要問題之研究, July 1993; and林相君, “顧問諮詢服務業基本資料,” from Taiwan Institute of Economic Research’s database site ,Jan 16, 03 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Reference of Chapter III | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 1. John Kay, Economics and Business, Economic Journal, 1990, <http://www.johnkay.com/articles/search.php?action=view&doc_id=131.> | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 2. James V. Koch, Industrial Organization and Prices (New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Englewood Cliffs, 1974) pp 6, 74 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 3. Richard Caves, American industry: Structure, Conduct, Performance (Translated by: 周添城, 美國產業之結構、行為、績效, 國立編譯館, 1990, pp 23 ) | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 4. F.M Scherer, Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance, (Chicago: Rand M. Nally & Co, 1971) pp 5 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 5. Michael E. Porter, Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors, (NY: The Free Press, 1980) | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 6. Roy L. Simerly, Strategic Management Case Analysis, Business Quest, < http://www.westga.edu/~bquest/2002/strategic1.htm>, 2002, Part I Industry Analysis | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Reference of Chapter IV | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 1. 行政院經濟建設委員會人力規劃處, “服務業人才培訓及人力資源政策研究 – 企管顧問業”, January 1991, pp. 13 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 2. China Productivity Center, http://www.cpc.org.tw/english/Foreword.htm, Foreword. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 3. Bert J. Lim, “行政院勞工委員會職業訓練局行職業資訊研發成果專輯: 顧問服務業”, < http://www.evta.gov.tw/employee/emp/001/008/a023/12.htm>, 12 May 1998 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 4. 簡世雄、劉學鐸、林茂山, “我國企管顧問業之發展及輔導策略”, 1989, pp.5-6 | zh_TW |
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| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 6. 林相君, “顧問諮詢服務業基本資料,” from Taiwan Institute of Economic Research’s database site ,16 January 2003 <http://tie.tier.org.tw/tie/search_list.jsp?qryStr=&filename=DB001@IND32-12@8@1047623909687 > | zh_TW |
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| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 8. Social Indicators, The Directorate- General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, 2001, Key Economic Indicators, <http://www.dgbas.gov.tw/dgbas03/bs2/91chy/catalog.htm> | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 9. 行政院經濟建設委員會人力規劃處, “服務業人才培訓及人力資源政策研究 – 企管顧問業”, pp. 14-15 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 10. 張世佳, “影響企管顧問業服務品質因素分析”, pp. 24 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 11. Bert J. Lim, 顧問服務業 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 12. Industry, Commerce and Services Census, The Directorate- General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, 1991, <http://www.dgbasey.gov.tw/census~n/two/ht421/CS12/CS1200.HTM> | zh_TW |
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| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 14. 行政院經濟建設委員會人力規劃處, “服務業人才培訓及人力資源政策研究 – 企管顧問業”, pp. 1 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 15. 林相君, “顧問諮詢服務業基本資料” | zh_TW |
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| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 32. Alfred Hunt, The Management Consultant, (New York: The Ronald Press Company, 1977), pp 25 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 33. 簡世雄、劉學鐸、林茂山, “我國企管顧問業之發展及輔導策略”, MOEA, 1989, pp.5-6 | zh_TW |
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| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 36. "Management Consulting Services.", Encyclopedia of American Industries, 3rd ed. 2 vols. Gale Group, 2001.(SICs: 8742) 2001 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 37. Alfred Hunt, The Management Consultant, (New York: The Ronald Press Company, 1977), pp 35-36 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 38. China Productivity Center <www.cpc.org.tw> | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 39. Corporate Synergy Development Center, <www.csd.org.tw/english/chairman.htm>, Remarks from Chairman | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 40. Corporate Synergy Development Center, <www.csd.org.tw/english/history.htm> History | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 41. 管理科學學會(Chinese Management Association), <http://www.management.org.tw/introduce/>, Introduction | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 42. 管理科學學會(Chinese Management Association), <http://www.management.org.tw/輔導組/home.htm>, 輔導組(Introduction of Consulting Division) | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 43. 管理科學學會(Chinese Management Association), <http://www.management.org.tw/輔導組/Activity/長期計畫/經濟部中小企業處短期診斷輔導.doc>, Short-term diagnosis for local enterprises | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Reference of Chapter V | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 1. Bain J.S., Industry Organization, (New York: Wiley, 1968) pp. 137-144 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 2. Samuelson and Marks, Managerial Economics, 3rd Edition, pp 390-391 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 3. 企業現代巫醫, 卓越出版社、眾望企管顧問公司聯合製作, August 1988, pp.83-87 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 4. 八十九年度中華民國台灣地區服務業經營活動報告, Department of Commerce, MOEA, November 2001, pp 163 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 5. 張文昌 (W.C. Chang), 我國企管顧問業服務推廣與客戶需求配合之研究, ,台灣工業技術學院工程技術研究所碩士論文, June 1987, pp 2-5 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 6. 會計師事務所服務業調查報告 (1997), 財政部統計處, March 1998, pp 20 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 7. 會計師事務所服務業調查報告 (1998), 財政部統計處, March 1999, pp 20 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 8. 會計師事務所服務業調查報告 (1999), 財政部統計處, March 2000, pp 20 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 9. 會計師事務所服務業調查報告 (2000), 財政部統計處, March 2001, pp 20 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 10. Calculated from the primary data of Industry, Commerce and Services Census 2001 (The Directorate- General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, 2001) | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 11. Calculated from the data of Taiwan Institute of Economic Research, database site, 16 January 2003 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 12. 教育部92.02.18台人（一）字第0920009554號函：邇來發生學校專任教師未報經服務學校同意，逕至營利事業機構或團體擔任專業顧問等兼職情事，有關專任教師之兼職應事先報經服務學校同意，並不得影響其本職教學工作，授課並應符合規定，避免影響學生受教權益。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 13. Information collected from each organization’s official website ~ http://www.nasme.org.tw, http://www.cnfi.org.tw/cnfi/eng/index.html, http://www.roccoc.org.tw/, and http://www.shoenet.org.tw/english/tfri/about_tfri_e.asp | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 14. 林相君, “管理顧問業,” from Taiwan Institute of Economic Research’s database site ,16 January 2003 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Reference of Chapter VI | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 1. Experts interviewed – | zh_TW |
