學術產出-學位論文

題名 學前教師運用坊間教材之研究
作者 蘇品樺
貢獻者 簡楚瑛
蘇品樺
關鍵詞 坊間教材
教學觀點
課程轉化
textbook
teaching perspective
curriculum transformation
日期 2008
上傳時間 17-九月-2009 14:47:57 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究的目的在於探究學前階段坊間教材於課程中扮演的角色,學前教師如何使用轉化教材及其影響因素,而後更進一步探究教學觀點是否對於學前教師運用方法有所影響。
本研究為質性研究,採深入訪談法以及非參與式觀察對兩所園所,共計五名教師進行研究,並以其中兩位教學觀點差異較大的教師進行教學行為的分析,研究發現以學前教師運用教材及其影響轉化差異之因素、教學觀點對於運用坊間教材的影響及坊間教材於課程中的定位此三面向進行討論:
一、在坊間教材轉化及其因素方面發現,學前教師視教材為正式課程,運作課程以教師主體,而教師所持之課程觀為互相調適觀,學生以及教師特質等因素皆會影響教師教學轉化。但教師缺少對教學目的的省思、學校資源不足以及家長因素都可能造成教材轉化的困境
二、教學觀點會影響教師運用坊間教材的方法:從教學目標的選擇到教學方法的運以及評量。研究中兩位教師分別主張課程為教學經驗、課程為計畫,故前者教師運用教材的方法多為「調應」以及「更換」,其與教材互動結果為「教材修正」;後者教師運用教材的方法多為「使用」、「調應」、「更換」,其與教材互動結果為「教師調適」。
三、滿足家長的需求是園所繼續或開始使用教材的最初原因,然而坊間教材的運用將有助於教師專業發展:能夠提供教師較統整的學習架構,以彌補教師專業能力上的不足,也能作為教師教學的參考資源。教材的內容的完善編輯也能夠引發學生學習興趣,加強學生學習動機,促進學生的學習。
四、學校行政體系的支持、班群間的協同以及資源分享都將有助於教師教學上的專業發展,提供教師更多的刺激、激發更多的創意,促使教師能不斷的反思教材內容進行創新。
最後,針對以上幾點發現以及研究過程中遇到的困難與限制提出幾點對於學前教師以及未來研究者一些建議。
關鍵字:坊間教材、教學觀點、課程轉化
The purpose of this research is to investigate the application of textbooks among preschool teachers. Questions to be answered are as follows: 1.How do teachers transform the textbooks? 2.How do teaching perspectives affect the application of textbooks? 3. How do teachers define the role of textbooks in the curriculum?
The research collects data by means of observation, interview, and analysis. Research is focused on the application of textbooks in teachers’ teaching. Results are as follows:
1.Teachers view textbooks as formal curriculum, and hold the core of operational curriculum. Teacher’s perspective of the implemented curriculum is mutual adaptation, and the characteristics of the teacher or the student will affect the curriculum transformation.
2.One teacher views curriculum as teaching experience and the other views
curriculum as a plan. The former applies textbook with revising and replacing and the interaction with textbook, and the result is that the modifications of textbooks are made. The later applies textbook with using, revising and replacing, and the result of interaction with textbook is that the teacher adapt it.
3.The reason to adapt to textbook is that it fulfils parent’s expectations, and applying
textbook is useful for teacher’s professional development.
4.The support of the education administration authority, the cooperation of the classes
and the sharing of resource will be used for teacher’s professional development, and
can offer more impetus to create more.
Key words: textbook, teaching perspective, curriculum transformation
參考文獻 參考文獻
人文國小教師團隊(譯)(2006)。Jahn D.McNeil著。課程:教師自主的行動。台北:洪業文化。
中華民國教材研究發展學會(2004)。課程發展與教師專業成長─以學前課程為例。課程實踐與省思。台北:朱家維。
方德隆(2005)。課程理論與實務。麗文文化。
方德隆(譯)(2004)。Allan C.O.& Francis P.H.著。課程發展與設計。台北:培生。
王文中、陳雪珠(1999)。教學觀點量表之發展與試題反應分析。應用心理研究,2,181-207。
王文科(2000)。質的教育研究法。第四版。台北:師苑。
王金國(2001)。「教師即課程設計者」隱喻及其涵義。教育研究,9,219-228。
王恭志 (2000)。教師教學信念與教學實務之探析。教育研究資訊,8(2),84-94。
吳心怡(2002)。國小教師教科用書使用情形之個案研究。國立台北師範學院課程與教學研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。
吳月瑛(2004)。國小教師對數學坊間教材內容之知覺與教學行為關係之研究-以二年級數與計算部分為例。臺中師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,台中市。
吳正牧(1994)。我國中小學坊間教材供應品質研究。台北:台灣書店。
吳松樺(2002)。教師教學信念之個案研究:以國小一年級教師為例。國立台中師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文。
吳若琳(1997)。國民小學一年級社會科課程研究。國立台東師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,台東市。
杜佩珊(2005)。「學科課程論點」與「兒童中心課程論點」思辯:兩位國小教師之個案研究。國立台北師範學院課程與教學研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。
周鳳美(2004)。國小教師對社會學習領域新版坊間教材之課程決策。(國科會專案報告,計畫編號:NSC93-2413-H-152-013)
周珮儀 (2002)。國小教師解讀坊間教材的方式。國立台北師範學院學報,15,115-138。
周淑卿(2000)。新世紀課程改革的挑戰與課程實踐理論的重建。教育研究集刊,44,61-89。
周淑卿(2002)。教室層級的課程設計:課程實踐的觀點。教育資料與研究,49,1-9。
周淑卿(2004)。我是課程發展的專業人員?─教師專業身分認同的分析。教育資料與研究,57,329-337。
周淑卿(2004)。教師的課程知識內涵及其對師資教育的意義。課程與教學季刊,7(3),129-142。
林亨華(2003)。國中教師自我概念、教學信念與教學效能之相關研究-以澎湖縣為例。國立台南師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。
林沐恩(2002)。台中市幼兒園三歲以下班級教師背景因素、適性教學信念與影響課程決定因素之相關研究。靜宜大學青少年兒童福利系碩士論文,台中。
林清財 (1990)。我國國民小學教師教育信念之相關研究。國立政治師範大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版。
洪若烈(2003)。國小教師之坊間教材使用方式及其影響因素之探討。國教學報,15,176-192。
高強華(1993)。論信念的意義、結構與特性。現代教育,7(30),74-89。
孫德蘭(2006)。國小教師解讀數學坊間教材-以「分數乘法教材」為例。國立新竹教育大學,人力資源教育處教師在職進修應用數學系數學教育碩士班論文,未出版,台北。
郭生玉(2001)。心理與教育研究法。台北:精華書局。
郭元祥(2001)。課程觀的轉向。課程.教材.教法,6,11-36。
張玉芳、吳萼洲(2004)。國小英語教師教材選用行為及高使用率坊間教材之內容分析。中等教育,55(2),82-94。
張雅筑(2004)。桃園縣國民小學教師教學信念與教學行為知覺之關係研究。國立台北師範學院。課程與教學研究所碩士論文。
教育部國民教育司(1987)。幼稚園課程標準。台北:正中。
許芳懿(2005)。William Pinar課程理論典範之探究。國立高雄師範大學教育學系博士論文。
陳文彥(2005)。教師坊間教材素養及其提升途徑之分析。初等教育學刊,20,67-88。
陳仕芳(2005)。國小教師教學信念個案研究。國立台南大學教育學系課程與教學研究所碩士班。
陳秀玉(2000)。國小教師的課程詮釋與課程運作經驗之分析—以一年級
社會科教學觀察為例。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,
台北市。
陳明耀(2000)。台北市國小體育科坊間教材使用現況與教師意見之調查研究。國立體育學院體育研究所碩士論文。
陳美如(2006)。教師的課程理解探究。國立臺北教育大學學報,19 ( 2 ),55-80。
湯仁燕(1993)。國民小學教師教學信念與教學行為關係之研究。國立台灣師範大學教育研究所碩士論文。未出版。
黃上芬 (1997)。國中理化課程轉化之硏究。國立台灣師範大學教育研究所碩士論文。
黃光雄、李奉儒、高淑清、鄭瑞隆、林麗菊、吳芝儀等(譯)(2001)。C. B. Robert & K. B. Sari著。質性教育研究。嘉義市:濤石。
黃良惠(1995)。參與開放教育國小教師的教學信念與教學行為之研究。國立師範大學家政教育學系碩士論文。
黃政傑(1992)。課程設計。台北:東華書局。
黃政傑(2000)。多元社會課程取向。師大書苑。
黃政傑(2002)。重建坊間教材的概念與實務。課程與教學季刊,6(1),1-12。
黃迺毓(2006)。幼教問題與改進。行政院教育改革審議委員會。
黃譯瑩(1997)。教科用書開放後的省思:開放的圖像與願景。研習資訊,14(3),14-24。
楊雅萍(2000)。國小教室生活中教師教學觀點之探究--以一位參與情意教學改革之教師為例。國立東華大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。
楊雲龍、徐慶宏(2007)。社會學習領域教師轉化坊間教材之研究。新竹教育大學教育學報,24(2),1-26。
葉連祺(2002)。九年一貫課程與基本能力轉化。教育研究月刊,96,49-62。
甄曉蘭(2003)。教師的課程意識與教學實踐。教育研究集刊,49(1),63-94。
趙鏡中(2002)。解除坊間教材的魔咒-對教材編制與選用的探討。研習資訊,19(3),20-25。
劉威德(1999)。教師教學信念系統之分析及其與教學行為相關之研究。國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所博士論文。
歐用生(1995)。教師成長與學習。板橋:台灣省國民學校教師研習會。
蔡鈺鑫(2001)。使用英語坊間教材的基本概念。人文及社會學科教學通訊,
11,頁35-49。
錢清泓(2002)。從課程「控制」看坊間教材的再概念化。課程與教學季刊,6(1),43-60。
鄭文芳(1998)。國中歷史坊間教材在教師教學歷程中使用情形之探討。國立成功大學教育研究所碩士論文。
簡楚瑛(2004)。教師教學觀點研究工具之研究(Ⅰ)。(行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告,計畫編號:NSC93-2413-H-004-009-)
簡楚瑛(2005)。幼教課程模式。第三版。台北:心理。
簡楚瑛 (2006)。幼兒教育課程模式。第二版。台北:心理。
簡楚瑛(2009)。課程發展之理論與實務。台北:心理,印刷中。
瞿仁美 (1997)。國民小學補校教師教學信念及其影響因素之研究。國立高雄師範大學成人教育研究所碩士論文,未出版。
藍雪瑛(1995)。我國國民中學國文教師教學信念及形成因素之研究。國立台灣師範大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版。
藍順德(2004)。二十年來國內碩博士論文坊間教材研究之分析。國立編譯館館刊,32(4),2-24。
顏銘志(1996)。國民小學教師教學信念、教師效能與教學行為之相關研究。國立屏東師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版。
顏毓黛(1999)。高中國文課程實施現況之調查研究。國立成功大學教育研究所碩士論文。
龔世芬(2004)。課程理論與國小教師課程實務關係之個案研究。國立台北師範學院課程與教學研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。
嚴翼長(1989)。西德課程與坊間教材之一般概念及其編撰原理。中華民國比較教育學會主編,載於各國坊間教材比較研究。台北:台灣書店。
英文文獻
Abelson, R. (1979) . Differences between belief system and knowledge system. Cognitive Science, 3, 335-366.
Apple, M. (1982). Education and Power. Boston : Routledge and Kegan Paul.
Bauch, P. A. (1984). The impact of teacher’s instructional beliefs on their teaching: Implication for research and practice. Eric Document Reproduction Service NO.252954.
Becker, H. , Geer, B., Hughes, E., & Strauss, A. (1961). Boys in white. Chicago: University of Chicagi Press.
Bennett, S. N. (1976). Teaching Styles and Pupil Progress. London: Open Books.
Ben-Peretz, M. (1990). The teacher-curriculum encounter : Freeing teachers from the tyranny of texts. Albany: State University New York Press.
Brousseau, B., Book, C., & Byers, J. (1988). Teacher beliefs and the cultures of teaching. Journal of Teacher Education, 39(6), 33-39.
Brown, M. W. (2002). Teaching by design: Understanding the interactions between teacher practice and the design of curricular innovateion. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.
Brown, M. W., & Edelson, D. C. (2001). Teaching by design: Curriculum design as a lens on instruction practice. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Seattle, WA.
Brophy, J. E. (1982). How teacher influence what is taught and learned in classrooms. The elementary school journal, 83 (1), 1-13.
Chavez-Lopez, O. (2003). From the textbook to the enacted curriculum: Textbook use in the middle school mathematics classroom. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Missouri-Columbia, New York, Missouri.
Chen, I-Chen Jenny. (2003). English teachers` understandings and planning with the
new textbooks in Taiwanese senior high schools (China). Unpublished doctoral174dissertation, The University of Texas At Austin, Austin, Texas.
Chien, C. Y. & Young, T. K. (2007). Are ‘Textbook’ a Barrier for teacher autonomy? A case study from a Hong Kong primary school. Education and Society, 25(2), 87-102.
Chien, C. Y. & Young, T. K. (2008).The Centrality of Textbook in Teachers’ Work:Perception and Use of Textbook in a Hong Kong Primary School. The Asia Pacific-Education Research,16(2),155-163.
Clark, C. M. (1988) . Asking the right questions about teacher preparation: Contributions of research on teaching thinking. Educational Researcher, 17(2) , 5-12.
Clark, C. M. & Peterson, P. L. (1986). Teachers’ thought process. In M. C. Writtrock(Eds), Handbook of research on teaching(3rd ed) (pp255-296). New York: MaCmillian Publishing Company.
Collopy R.(2003). Curriculum materials as a professional development tool: How a
mathematics textbook affected two teachers` learning. Elementary School Journal 103 (3): 287-311.
Davenport, L. R. (2000). Elementary mathematics curricula as a tool for mathematics education reform: Challenges of implementation and implicateons for professional development. Newton, MA: Center for the Development of Teaching(CDT) Paper Series, Education Development Center.
Eisner, E. W. (1990). Creative curriculum development and practice. Journal of Curriculum and Supervision, 6(1), 62-73.
Gitlan, A. (2001). Bounded decision making. Educational Policy, 15, 2:227-257.
Goodlad, J. I. (1979). The conceptual system for curriculum revisited. In J. I.
Goodlad, J. I. (1985). Curriculum as a field of study. In T. Husen & T. N. Postlethwaite(Eds.). International Encyclopedia of education,
(pp.1141-1144). Oxford: Pergamon.
Hord, S. (2004). Learning Together Leading Together: Changing Schools Through Professional Learning Communities. London: Teachers College Press.
Harvey, O. J. (1986) . Belief systems and attitudes toward death penalty and other punishments.Journal of psychology, 54 , 143-159.
Herlihy, J. G. (1992). The Textbook contriversy:issue, aspects, and perspectives.
Ablex Publishing Corporation.
Himel, M. T.(1993). It’s All My Head:Teacher Thinking about Integrating a Block Play Center into an Upper Primary Classroom.(ERIC Document Reproduction Service,No.ED364357)
Klein, M. F. (1991). A conceptual framework for curriculum decision-making. In
Klein, M. F. (Ed), The politics of curriculum decision-making, (pp.22-41). N. Y.:
State University of New York.
Komoski, P. K. (1980). What curriculum leaders need to know about selecting instructional materials . Paper presented at the Annual meeting of the association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
Kon, J. H. (1993). The thud at the classroom door: Teachers’ curriculum decision making in response to a new textbook. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Michigan State University.
Marcon, R. A. (1999). Differential impact of preschool models on development and early learning of inner-city children: A three-cohort study. Developmental Psychology 35(2):358-375.
Mayer, R. H.(1985). Recent research on teacher beliefs and its use in the improvement of instruction. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago, IL (ERIC Document Reproduction Service NO. ED259457)
McNeil(1985). curriculum: a comprehensive introduction. Boston: Little,Brown and Company.
McLaughlin, M. W., & Talbert, J. E. (1993). Contexts That Matter for Teaching and Learning. Standford, CA: Center for Research on the context of secondary School Teaching, Standford University.
Newmann, F. M. & Wehlage, G. C. (1995). Successful School Restructuring: A Report to Public and Educators. Madison, WI: Centre on Organistation and Restructuring of School. Wisconsin Center for Education Research, University of Wisconsin.
Oliva, P. F. (2005). Development the curriculum(6thed). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
O’Loughlin, M. (1989) . The influence of teachers’ beliefs about knowledge, teaching and learning on their pedagogy: A constuctivist reconceptualization and research agenda for teacher education. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service NO. ED 339679)
Pajares, F. (1992). Teachers’ belief and education research: Cleaning up a messy construct. Review of educational Review 62(3):307-332.
Pratt, D. D. (1998). Five perspectives on teaching in adult&higher education. Florida: Krieger Publishing Company.
Pearson, A. T. (1989). The teacher: Theory and Practice in teacher education. New York: Rouledge.
Remillard, J. T. (1999). Curriculum materials in mathematics education reform: A framework for examining teachers’ curriculum development. Curriculum Inquiry, 29(3), 315-342.
Remillard, J. T. (2000). Can curriculum materials support teachers’ learning? Elementary school Journal, 100(4), 331-350.
Remillard, J. T. (2005). Examining key concepts in research on teacher’s use of mathematics curricula. Review of Educational Research, 211-246.
Reid,W. A. (1992). The pursuit of curriculum schooling and the public interest. N.J. : Ablex Publishing Corporation.
Rosenholtz, S. (1989). Teachers’ Workplace: The Social Organisation of Schools. New York: Longmans.
Kane, R., Sandretto, S., & Heath, C. (2002). Telling half the story: A critical review of research on teaching beliefs and practices of university academics. Review of educational Reasearch, 72(2), 177-221.
Scribner, J. D., & Reyes, P. (1999). Creating learning communities for high performing Hispanic students: a conceptual framework. In P. Reyes, J.D. Scribner, & A. Scribner(eds.), Lessons on High Performing Hispanic School. New York: Teachers College Press.
Sherin. M. G., & Dark. C. (2004). Identifying patterns in teachers’ use of a reform-based elementary mathematicvs curriculum. Manuscript submitted for publication.
Sigel, I. E. (1985) . A conceptual analysis of beliefs.In I. E. Sigel(Ed.), Parental belief systems:The psychological consequences for children. (pp. 345-371). Hillsdale, NJ:Erlbaum.
Snyder, J., Bolin, F., & Zumwalt, K. (1992). “Curriculum implementation”, in P. W. Jackson (ed.), Handbook of research on curriculum. New York: Macmillan
Stodolsky, S. S. (1989). Is teaching really by the book? In P. W. Jackson & S. Haroutunian-Gordon (Eds.). From Socrates to software: The teacher as text and the text as teacher (pp. 159-184). Chicago: the National Society for the Study of Education.
Sue Vartuli. (2005). Beliefs: The Heart of Teaching. Young Children, 60(5): 76-86.
Stoffels,N. (2005). ‘Sir, on what page is the answer?’ Exploring teacher decision making during complex curriculum change, with specific reference to the use of learner support material. International Journal of Educational Development, 25, 531–546.
Sturino, G. (2003). Mathematics textbook use by secondary school teachers: A case study. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Toronto, Toronto ,Ontario , Canada.
Tabachnich, b. R. , & Zeichner, K. (1984). The impact of the student teaching experience on the development of teacher perspectives. Journal of Teacher Education, 35(6), 28-42.
Tabachnich, b. R. , & Zeichner, K. (1985). The development of teacher perspectives: Final report. University of Wisconsin-Madison. Eric document Reproduction Service. No : ED266 099.
Thompson, A. (1992). Teachers’ belief and conceptions: A synthesis of research. In D. A. Grouws(Ed.), Handbook of research on mathematics teaching and learning (pp. 127-146). New York: Macmillan.
Regis, T. P., Appova, A. , Reys, B.R.&Townsend, B. E.(2006).What role do textbooks play in U.S. middle school mathematics classroom.台灣數學教師電子期刊,5。2007年1月18日,取自 http://www.math.ntnu.edu.tw/~tame/index.htm
Zahorik, J. A. (1990). Stability and flexibility in teaching. Teaching & Teacher Education, 6(1), 69-80.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
幼兒教育所
95157002
97
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095157002
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 簡楚瑛zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (作者) 蘇品樺zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 蘇品樺zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2008en_US
dc.date.accessioned 17-九月-2009 14:47:57 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 17-九月-2009 14:47:57 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 17-九月-2009 14:47:57 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0095157002en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/32894-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 幼兒教育所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 95157002zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究的目的在於探究學前階段坊間教材於課程中扮演的角色,學前教師如何使用轉化教材及其影響因素,而後更進一步探究教學觀點是否對於學前教師運用方法有所影響。
本研究為質性研究,採深入訪談法以及非參與式觀察對兩所園所,共計五名教師進行研究,並以其中兩位教學觀點差異較大的教師進行教學行為的分析,研究發現以學前教師運用教材及其影響轉化差異之因素、教學觀點對於運用坊間教材的影響及坊間教材於課程中的定位此三面向進行討論:
一、在坊間教材轉化及其因素方面發現,學前教師視教材為正式課程,運作課程以教師主體,而教師所持之課程觀為互相調適觀,學生以及教師特質等因素皆會影響教師教學轉化。但教師缺少對教學目的的省思、學校資源不足以及家長因素都可能造成教材轉化的困境
二、教學觀點會影響教師運用坊間教材的方法:從教學目標的選擇到教學方法的運以及評量。研究中兩位教師分別主張課程為教學經驗、課程為計畫,故前者教師運用教材的方法多為「調應」以及「更換」,其與教材互動結果為「教材修正」;後者教師運用教材的方法多為「使用」、「調應」、「更換」,其與教材互動結果為「教師調適」。
三、滿足家長的需求是園所繼續或開始使用教材的最初原因,然而坊間教材的運用將有助於教師專業發展:能夠提供教師較統整的學習架構,以彌補教師專業能力上的不足,也能作為教師教學的參考資源。教材的內容的完善編輯也能夠引發學生學習興趣,加強學生學習動機,促進學生的學習。
四、學校行政體系的支持、班群間的協同以及資源分享都將有助於教師教學上的專業發展,提供教師更多的刺激、激發更多的創意,促使教師能不斷的反思教材內容進行創新。
最後,針對以上幾點發現以及研究過程中遇到的困難與限制提出幾點對於學前教師以及未來研究者一些建議。
關鍵字:坊間教材、教學觀點、課程轉化
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The purpose of this research is to investigate the application of textbooks among preschool teachers. Questions to be answered are as follows: 1.How do teachers transform the textbooks? 2.How do teaching perspectives affect the application of textbooks? 3. How do teachers define the role of textbooks in the curriculum?
The research collects data by means of observation, interview, and analysis. Research is focused on the application of textbooks in teachers’ teaching. Results are as follows:
1.Teachers view textbooks as formal curriculum, and hold the core of operational curriculum. Teacher’s perspective of the implemented curriculum is mutual adaptation, and the characteristics of the teacher or the student will affect the curriculum transformation.
2.One teacher views curriculum as teaching experience and the other views
curriculum as a plan. The former applies textbook with revising and replacing and the interaction with textbook, and the result is that the modifications of textbooks are made. The later applies textbook with using, revising and replacing, and the result of interaction with textbook is that the teacher adapt it.
3.The reason to adapt to textbook is that it fulfils parent’s expectations, and applying
textbook is useful for teacher’s professional development.
4.The support of the education administration authority, the cooperation of the classes
and the sharing of resource will be used for teacher’s professional development, and
can offer more impetus to create more.
Key words: textbook, teaching perspective, curriculum transformation
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論
第一節 研究背景與動機 P.1
第二節 研究目的 P.4
第三節 待答問題 P.5
第四節 研究範圍與限制 P.6
第五節 名詞解釋 P.7

第二章 理論基礎與文獻探討
第一節 坊間教材之探究 P.9
壹、坊間教材在課程中的定位 P.9
貳、坊間教材之於教師 P.23
参、相關研究 P.35
第二節 教學觀點之探究 P.40
壹、信念之意義 P.40
貳、教學觀點之意義與內涵 P.42
参、教學觀點之類型 P.45
肆、影響教學觀點之因素 P.48
伍、教學觀點相關研究 P.50
陸、教學觀點與教學行為 P.51

第三章 研究設計與實施
第一節 研究設計與實施 P.57
第二節 資料蒐集、整理與分析 P.64
第三節 研究資料之可信度 P.67
第四章 研究發現與討論
第一節 坊間教材轉化及其相關因素探究 P.69
第二節 不同教學觀點之學前教師運用坊間教材
之教學行為 P.95
第三節 坊間教材於課程中的角色 P.124
第五章 結論與建議
第一節 結論 P.137
第二節 建議 P.142
參考文獻
中文文獻 P.145
英文文獻 P.150
附錄
附錄一訪談大綱 P.156
附錄二觀察時間表 P.157
附錄三A教師TPI施測結果 P.158
附錄四B教師TPI施測結果 P.160
附錄五教材內容分析 P.162
zh_TW
dc.format.extent 90834 bytes-
dc.format.extent 130438 bytes-
dc.format.extent 166025 bytes-
dc.format.extent 143468 bytes-
dc.format.extent 181487 bytes-
dc.format.extent 439584 bytes-
dc.format.extent 226543 bytes-
dc.format.extent 517165 bytes-
dc.format.extent 185556 bytes-
dc.format.extent 188332 bytes-
dc.format.extent 250819 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095157002en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 坊間教材zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 教學觀點zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 課程轉化zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) textbooken_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) teaching perspectiveen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) curriculum transformationen_US
dc.title (題名) 學前教師運用坊間教材之研究zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 參考文獻zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 人文國小教師團隊(譯)(2006)。Jahn D.McNeil著。課程:教師自主的行動。台北:洪業文化。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中華民國教材研究發展學會(2004)。課程發展與教師專業成長─以學前課程為例。課程實踐與省思。台北:朱家維。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 方德隆(2005)。課程理論與實務。麗文文化。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 方德隆(譯)(2004)。Allan C.O.& Francis P.H.著。課程發展與設計。台北:培生。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王文中、陳雪珠(1999)。教學觀點量表之發展與試題反應分析。應用心理研究,2,181-207。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王文科(2000)。質的教育研究法。第四版。台北:師苑。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王金國(2001)。「教師即課程設計者」隱喻及其涵義。教育研究,9,219-228。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王恭志 (2000)。教師教學信念與教學實務之探析。教育研究資訊,8(2),84-94。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 吳心怡(2002)。國小教師教科用書使用情形之個案研究。國立台北師範學院課程與教學研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 吳月瑛(2004)。國小教師對數學坊間教材內容之知覺與教學行為關係之研究-以二年級數與計算部分為例。臺中師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,台中市。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 吳正牧(1994)。我國中小學坊間教材供應品質研究。台北:台灣書店。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 吳松樺(2002)。教師教學信念之個案研究:以國小一年級教師為例。國立台中師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 吳若琳(1997)。國民小學一年級社會科課程研究。國立台東師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,台東市。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 杜佩珊(2005)。「學科課程論點」與「兒童中心課程論點」思辯:兩位國小教師之個案研究。國立台北師範學院課程與教學研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 周鳳美(2004)。國小教師對社會學習領域新版坊間教材之課程決策。(國科會專案報告,計畫編號:NSC93-2413-H-152-013)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 周珮儀 (2002)。國小教師解讀坊間教材的方式。國立台北師範學院學報,15,115-138。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 周淑卿(2000)。新世紀課程改革的挑戰與課程實踐理論的重建。教育研究集刊,44,61-89。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 周淑卿(2002)。教室層級的課程設計:課程實踐的觀點。教育資料與研究,49,1-9。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 周淑卿(2004)。我是課程發展的專業人員?─教師專業身分認同的分析。教育資料與研究,57,329-337。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 周淑卿(2004)。教師的課程知識內涵及其對師資教育的意義。課程與教學季刊,7(3),129-142。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林亨華(2003)。國中教師自我概念、教學信念與教學效能之相關研究-以澎湖縣為例。國立台南師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林沐恩(2002)。台中市幼兒園三歲以下班級教師背景因素、適性教學信念與影響課程決定因素之相關研究。靜宜大學青少年兒童福利系碩士論文,台中。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林清財 (1990)。我國國民小學教師教育信念之相關研究。國立政治師範大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 洪若烈(2003)。國小教師之坊間教材使用方式及其影響因素之探討。國教學報,15,176-192。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 高強華(1993)。論信念的意義、結構與特性。現代教育,7(30),74-89。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 孫德蘭(2006)。國小教師解讀數學坊間教材-以「分數乘法教材」為例。國立新竹教育大學,人力資源教育處教師在職進修應用數學系數學教育碩士班論文,未出版,台北。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 郭生玉(2001)。心理與教育研究法。台北:精華書局。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 郭元祥(2001)。課程觀的轉向。課程.教材.教法,6,11-36。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 張玉芳、吳萼洲(2004)。國小英語教師教材選用行為及高使用率坊間教材之內容分析。中等教育,55(2),82-94。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 張雅筑(2004)。桃園縣國民小學教師教學信念與教學行為知覺之關係研究。國立台北師範學院。課程與教學研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 教育部國民教育司(1987)。幼稚園課程標準。台北:正中。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 許芳懿(2005)。William Pinar課程理論典範之探究。國立高雄師範大學教育學系博士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陳文彥(2005)。教師坊間教材素養及其提升途徑之分析。初等教育學刊,20,67-88。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陳仕芳(2005)。國小教師教學信念個案研究。國立台南大學教育學系課程與教學研究所碩士班。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陳秀玉(2000)。國小教師的課程詮釋與課程運作經驗之分析—以一年級zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 社會科教學觀察為例。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 台北市。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陳明耀(2000)。台北市國小體育科坊間教材使用現況與教師意見之調查研究。國立體育學院體育研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陳美如(2006)。教師的課程理解探究。國立臺北教育大學學報,19 ( 2 ),55-80。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 湯仁燕(1993)。國民小學教師教學信念與教學行為關係之研究。國立台灣師範大學教育研究所碩士論文。未出版。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 黃上芬 (1997)。國中理化課程轉化之硏究。國立台灣師範大學教育研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 黃光雄、李奉儒、高淑清、鄭瑞隆、林麗菊、吳芝儀等(譯)(2001)。C. B. Robert & K. B. Sari著。質性教育研究。嘉義市:濤石。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 黃良惠(1995)。參與開放教育國小教師的教學信念與教學行為之研究。國立師範大學家政教育學系碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 黃政傑(1992)。課程設計。台北:東華書局。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 黃政傑(2000)。多元社會課程取向。師大書苑。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 黃政傑(2002)。重建坊間教材的概念與實務。課程與教學季刊,6(1),1-12。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 黃迺毓(2006)。幼教問題與改進。行政院教育改革審議委員會。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 黃譯瑩(1997)。教科用書開放後的省思:開放的圖像與願景。研習資訊,14(3),14-24。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 楊雅萍(2000)。國小教室生活中教師教學觀點之探究--以一位參與情意教學改革之教師為例。國立東華大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 楊雲龍、徐慶宏(2007)。社會學習領域教師轉化坊間教材之研究。新竹教育大學教育學報,24(2),1-26。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 葉連祺(2002)。九年一貫課程與基本能力轉化。教育研究月刊,96,49-62。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 甄曉蘭(2003)。教師的課程意識與教學實踐。教育研究集刊,49(1),63-94。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 趙鏡中(2002)。解除坊間教材的魔咒-對教材編制與選用的探討。研習資訊,19(3),20-25。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 劉威德(1999)。教師教學信念系統之分析及其與教學行為相關之研究。國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所博士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 歐用生(1995)。教師成長與學習。板橋:台灣省國民學校教師研習會。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 蔡鈺鑫(2001)。使用英語坊間教材的基本概念。人文及社會學科教學通訊,zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 11,頁35-49。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 錢清泓(2002)。從課程「控制」看坊間教材的再概念化。課程與教學季刊,6(1),43-60。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 鄭文芳(1998)。國中歷史坊間教材在教師教學歷程中使用情形之探討。國立成功大學教育研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 簡楚瑛(2004)。教師教學觀點研究工具之研究(Ⅰ)。(行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告,計畫編號:NSC93-2413-H-004-009-)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 簡楚瑛(2005)。幼教課程模式。第三版。台北:心理。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 簡楚瑛 (2006)。幼兒教育課程模式。第二版。台北:心理。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 簡楚瑛(2009)。課程發展之理論與實務。台北:心理,印刷中。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 瞿仁美 (1997)。國民小學補校教師教學信念及其影響因素之研究。國立高雄師範大學成人教育研究所碩士論文,未出版。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 藍雪瑛(1995)。我國國民中學國文教師教學信念及形成因素之研究。國立台灣師範大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 藍順德(2004)。二十年來國內碩博士論文坊間教材研究之分析。國立編譯館館刊,32(4),2-24。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 顏銘志(1996)。國民小學教師教學信念、教師效能與教學行為之相關研究。國立屏東師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 顏毓黛(1999)。高中國文課程實施現況之調查研究。國立成功大學教育研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 龔世芬(2004)。課程理論與國小教師課程實務關係之個案研究。國立台北師範學院課程與教學研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 嚴翼長(1989)。西德課程與坊間教材之一般概念及其編撰原理。中華民國比較教育學會主編,載於各國坊間教材比較研究。台北:台灣書店。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 英文文獻zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Abelson, R. (1979) . Differences between belief system and knowledge system. Cognitive Science, 3, 335-366.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Apple, M. (1982). Education and Power. Boston : Routledge and Kegan Paul.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bauch, P. A. (1984). The impact of teacher’s instructional beliefs on their teaching: Implication for research and practice. Eric Document Reproduction Service NO.252954.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Becker, H. , Geer, B., Hughes, E., & Strauss, A. (1961). Boys in white. Chicago: University of Chicagi Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bennett, S. N. (1976). Teaching Styles and Pupil Progress. London: Open Books.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ben-Peretz, M. (1990). The teacher-curriculum encounter : Freeing teachers from the tyranny of texts. Albany: State University New York Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Brousseau, B., Book, C., & Byers, J. (1988). Teacher beliefs and the cultures of teaching. Journal of Teacher Education, 39(6), 33-39.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Brown, M. W. (2002). Teaching by design: Understanding the interactions between teacher practice and the design of curricular innovateion. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Brown, M. W., & Edelson, D. C. (2001). Teaching by design: Curriculum design as a lens on instruction practice. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Seattle, WA.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Brophy, J. E. (1982). How teacher influence what is taught and learned in classrooms. The elementary school journal, 83 (1), 1-13.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chavez-Lopez, O. (2003). From the textbook to the enacted curriculum: Textbook use in the middle school mathematics classroom. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Missouri-Columbia, New York, Missouri.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chen, I-Chen Jenny. (2003). English teachers` understandings and planning with thezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) new textbooks in Taiwanese senior high schools (China). Unpublished doctoral174dissertation, The University of Texas At Austin, Austin, Texas.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chien, C. Y. & Young, T. K. (2007). Are ‘Textbook’ a Barrier for teacher autonomy? A case study from a Hong Kong primary school. Education and Society, 25(2), 87-102.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chien, C. Y. & Young, T. K. (2008).The Centrality of Textbook in Teachers’ Work:Perception and Use of Textbook in a Hong Kong Primary School. The Asia Pacific-Education Research,16(2),155-163.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Clark, C. M. (1988) . Asking the right questions about teacher preparation: Contributions of research on teaching thinking. Educational Researcher, 17(2) , 5-12.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Clark, C. M. & Peterson, P. L. (1986). Teachers’ thought process. In M. C. Writtrock(Eds), Handbook of research on teaching(3rd ed) (pp255-296). New York: MaCmillian Publishing Company.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Collopy R.(2003). Curriculum materials as a professional development tool: How azh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) mathematics textbook affected two teachers` learning. Elementary School Journal 103 (3): 287-311.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Davenport, L. R. (2000). Elementary mathematics curricula as a tool for mathematics education reform: Challenges of implementation and implicateons for professional development. Newton, MA: Center for the Development of Teaching(CDT) Paper Series, Education Development Center.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Eisner, E. W. (1990). Creative curriculum development and practice. Journal of Curriculum and Supervision, 6(1), 62-73.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gitlan, A. (2001). Bounded decision making. Educational Policy, 15, 2:227-257.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Goodlad, J. I. (1979). The conceptual system for curriculum revisited. In J. I.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Goodlad, J. I. (1985). Curriculum as a field of study. In T. Husen & T. N. Postlethwaite(Eds.). International Encyclopedia of education,zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (pp.1141-1144). Oxford: Pergamon.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hord, S. (2004). Learning Together Leading Together: Changing Schools Through Professional Learning Communities. London: Teachers College Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Harvey, O. J. (1986) . Belief systems and attitudes toward death penalty and other punishments.Journal of psychology, 54 , 143-159.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Herlihy, J. G. (1992). The Textbook contriversy:issue, aspects, and perspectives.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ablex Publishing Corporation.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Himel, M. T.(1993). It’s All My Head:Teacher Thinking about Integrating a Block Play Center into an Upper Primary Classroom.(ERIC Document Reproduction Service,No.ED364357)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Klein, M. F. (1991). A conceptual framework for curriculum decision-making. Inzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Klein, M. F. (Ed), The politics of curriculum decision-making, (pp.22-41). N. Y.:zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) State University of New York.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Komoski, P. K. (1980). What curriculum leaders need to know about selecting instructional materials . Paper presented at the Annual meeting of the association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kon, J. H. (1993). The thud at the classroom door: Teachers’ curriculum decision making in response to a new textbook. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Michigan State University.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Marcon, R. A. (1999). Differential impact of preschool models on development and early learning of inner-city children: A three-cohort study. Developmental Psychology 35(2):358-375.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mayer, R. H.(1985). Recent research on teacher beliefs and its use in the improvement of instruction. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago, IL (ERIC Document Reproduction Service NO. ED259457)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) McNeil(1985). curriculum: a comprehensive introduction. Boston: Little,Brown and Company.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) McLaughlin, M. W., & Talbert, J. E. (1993). Contexts That Matter for Teaching and Learning. Standford, CA: Center for Research on the context of secondary School Teaching, Standford University.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Newmann, F. M. & Wehlage, G. C. (1995). Successful School Restructuring: A Report to Public and Educators. Madison, WI: Centre on Organistation and Restructuring of School. Wisconsin Center for Education Research, University of Wisconsin.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Oliva, P. F. (2005). Development the curriculum(6thed). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) O’Loughlin, M. (1989) . The influence of teachers’ beliefs about knowledge, teaching and learning on their pedagogy: A constuctivist reconceptualization and research agenda for teacher education. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service NO. ED 339679)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Pajares, F. (1992). Teachers’ belief and education research: Cleaning up a messy construct. Review of educational Review 62(3):307-332.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Pratt, D. D. (1998). Five perspectives on teaching in adult&higher education. Florida: Krieger Publishing Company.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Pearson, A. T. (1989). The teacher: Theory and Practice in teacher education. New York: Rouledge.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Remillard, J. T. (1999). Curriculum materials in mathematics education reform: A framework for examining teachers’ curriculum development. Curriculum Inquiry, 29(3), 315-342.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Remillard, J. T. (2000). Can curriculum materials support teachers’ learning? Elementary school Journal, 100(4), 331-350.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Remillard, J. T. (2005). Examining key concepts in research on teacher’s use of mathematics curricula. Review of Educational Research, 211-246.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Reid,W. A. (1992). The pursuit of curriculum schooling and the public interest. N.J. : Ablex Publishing Corporation.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Rosenholtz, S. (1989). Teachers’ Workplace: The Social Organisation of Schools. New York: Longmans.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kane, R., Sandretto, S., & Heath, C. (2002). Telling half the story: A critical review of research on teaching beliefs and practices of university academics. Review of educational Reasearch, 72(2), 177-221.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Scribner, J. D., & Reyes, P. (1999). Creating learning communities for high performing Hispanic students: a conceptual framework. In P. Reyes, J.D. Scribner, & A. Scribner(eds.), Lessons on High Performing Hispanic School. New York: Teachers College Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sherin. M. G., & Dark. C. (2004). Identifying patterns in teachers’ use of a reform-based elementary mathematicvs curriculum. Manuscript submitted for publication.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sigel, I. E. (1985) . A conceptual analysis of beliefs.In I. E. Sigel(Ed.), Parental belief systems:The psychological consequences for children. (pp. 345-371). Hillsdale, NJ:Erlbaum.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Snyder, J., Bolin, F., & Zumwalt, K. (1992). “Curriculum implementation”, in P. W. Jackson (ed.), Handbook of research on curriculum. New York: Macmillanzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Stodolsky, S. S. (1989). Is teaching really by the book? In P. W. Jackson & S. Haroutunian-Gordon (Eds.). From Socrates to software: The teacher as text and the text as teacher (pp. 159-184). Chicago: the National Society for the Study of Education.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sue Vartuli. (2005). Beliefs: The Heart of Teaching. Young Children, 60(5): 76-86.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Stoffels,N. (2005). ‘Sir, on what page is the answer?’ Exploring teacher decision making during complex curriculum change, with specific reference to the use of learner support material. International Journal of Educational Development, 25, 531–546.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sturino, G. (2003). Mathematics textbook use by secondary school teachers: A case study. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Toronto, Toronto ,Ontario , Canada.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tabachnich, b. R. , & Zeichner, K. (1984). The impact of the student teaching experience on the development of teacher perspectives. Journal of Teacher Education, 35(6), 28-42.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tabachnich, b. R. , & Zeichner, K. (1985). The development of teacher perspectives: Final report. University of Wisconsin-Madison. Eric document Reproduction Service. No : ED266 099.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Thompson, A. (1992). Teachers’ belief and conceptions: A synthesis of research. In D. A. Grouws(Ed.), Handbook of research on mathematics teaching and learning (pp. 127-146). New York: Macmillan.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Regis, T. P., Appova, A. , Reys, B.R.&Townsend, B. E.(2006).What role do textbooks play in U.S. middle school mathematics classroom.台灣數學教師電子期刊,5。2007年1月18日,取自 http://www.math.ntnu.edu.tw/~tame/index.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Zahorik, J. A. (1990). Stability and flexibility in teaching. Teaching & Teacher Education, 6(1), 69-80.zh_TW