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題名 談失業︰常民的失業解讀
作者 劉福元
貢獻者 鍾蔚文
劉福元
關鍵詞 閱聽人研究
常民理論
文化模式
歸因
隱喻
敘事
日期 2003
上傳時間 17-九月-2009 15:47:36 (UTC+8)
摘要 閱聽人研究一向是傳播研究的焦點，不過傳統閱聽人研究，多半將閱聽人及文本視為獨立的分析單位。本文嘗試依循文化研究(cultural studies)整體觀(holistic approach)概念，將文本及閱聽人間的界線模糊，並選定失業作為研究主題，從較為全觀的角度探討一般人如何建構一套屬於自己的失業看法。
為了探究一般人如何建構自成一格的失業理論，本文除了抽樣三集討論失業的談話節目進行分析，另外也採訪了十四位居住於台北縣市的居民。受訪對象多是我們熟知的上班族，大部分目前具有工作，有二位退休，其中四位有過失業的經驗。從事的行業則包含有律師、教師、業務代表、媒體記者等。
本文先就失業的歸因進行統計分析，以瞭解一般常民對失業原因推論傾向，研究結果發現一般人對失業歸因傾向個人因素。接下來，本文從談話節目及訪談語錄中所呈現出的失業隱喻，來分析框限一般民眾失業理論的隱喻內容，並從隱喻內容解讀出失業言說中三種失業推理的文化模式。不同於歸因分析及隱喻推理邏輯的探討，旨在尋求常民理論的一致性，研究結果最後一部份則是企圖呈現失業理論的多元性及不一致性。本文以失業的敘述結構為切點，從建構社會角色認同的文化模式，檢視常民失業理論的變異性。
綜合上面的分析，本文嘗試建立常民理論的建構模式，發現專家理論及意識型態的文化知識會影響理論的建立，但並非所有的專家理論及意識型態都會融入在常民理論中，而負責篩選的即本文所專注研究的文化模式。


關鍵詞：閱聽人研究、常民理論、文化模式、歸因、隱喻、敘事
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
新聞研究所
89451009
92
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0089451009
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 鍾蔚文zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (作者) 劉福元zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 劉福元zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2003en_US
dc.date.accessioned 17-九月-2009 15:47:36 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 17-九月-2009 15:47:36 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 17-九月-2009 15:47:36 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0089451009en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/33207-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 新聞研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 89451009zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 92zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 閱聽人研究一向是傳播研究的焦點，不過傳統閱聽人研究，多半將閱聽人及文本視為獨立的分析單位。本文嘗試依循文化研究(cultural studies)整體觀(holistic approach)概念，將文本及閱聽人間的界線模糊，並選定失業作為研究主題，從較為全觀的角度探討一般人如何建構一套屬於自己的失業看法。
為了探究一般人如何建構自成一格的失業理論，本文除了抽樣三集討論失業的談話節目進行分析，另外也採訪了十四位居住於台北縣市的居民。受訪對象多是我們熟知的上班族，大部分目前具有工作，有二位退休，其中四位有過失業的經驗。從事的行業則包含有律師、教師、業務代表、媒體記者等。
本文先就失業的歸因進行統計分析，以瞭解一般常民對失業原因推論傾向，研究結果發現一般人對失業歸因傾向個人因素。接下來，本文從談話節目及訪談語錄中所呈現出的失業隱喻，來分析框限一般民眾失業理論的隱喻內容，並從隱喻內容解讀出失業言說中三種失業推理的文化模式。不同於歸因分析及隱喻推理邏輯的探討，旨在尋求常民理論的一致性，研究結果最後一部份則是企圖呈現失業理論的多元性及不一致性。本文以失業的敘述結構為切點，從建構社會角色認同的文化模式，檢視常民失業理論的變異性。
綜合上面的分析，本文嘗試建立常民理論的建構模式，發現專家理論及意識型態的文化知識會影響理論的建立，但並非所有的專家理論及意識型態都會融入在常民理論中，而負責篩選的即本文所專注研究的文化模式。


關鍵詞：閱聽人研究、常民理論、文化模式、歸因、隱喻、敘事		zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 表目錄 iv
圖目錄 iv
謝辭 v
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機︰一般人有自己的理論嗎？ 1
第二節 問題意識︰非失業不可？ 3
第三節 研究目的︰一般人如何建構自己的理論？ 5
第四節 研究章節簡介 8

第二章 理論及文獻回顧 11
第一節 常民理論 11
一、什麼是常民理論 11
二、常民理論的特色 12
三、常民的經濟理論 14
第二節 文化與認知 22
一、常識 26
二、文化模式 28
三、行動、責任、歸因的文化模式 29
四、隱喻 31
第三章 研究方法 36
第一節 常民信仰論述取徑 36
第二節 研究介紹 38
第三節 談話性節目 41
第四節 訪談 44
一、基本訪談 45
二、場面訪談 (vignette interview) 51
第五節 敘事 54
第六節 研究架構與資料分析 57
一、談話本質 57
二、分析架構 58
三、歸因及信仰結構 60
四、失業原因的歸類 65

第四章 研究發現 69
第一節 常民的失業歸因 70
一、 傾向個人歸因 70
二、 多重歸因 72
三、 意涵規範性的歸因 75
四、 歸因的世代差異 77
小結 79
第二節 失業的隱喻 80
第三節 失業的推理模式 87
第四節 失業理論的變異性 95
第五章 討論 106
第一節 一般人的理論具有一致性嗎？ 106
第二節 常民理論是一種常識、傳統亦或是意識型態？ 110

附錄一 場面訪談 115
附錄二 歸因分析 117
附錄三 歸因統計表 137
參考書目 139		zh_TW
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dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0089451009en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 閱聽人研究zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 常民理論zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 文化模式zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 歸因zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 隱喻zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 敘事zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 談失業︰常民的失業解讀zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文部分zh_TW
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