Publications-Theses

題名 由「大西洋鮪類資源保育委員會」二○○五年05-02號建議論高度洄游魚類種群之養護與管理
On the conservation and management of Highly Migratory Species in terms of Recommendation by ICCAT Regarding Control of Chinese Taipei’s Atlantic Bigeye Tuna Fishery「05-02」in 2007
作者 李佳燕
Lee, Chia-Yen
貢獻者 陳純一
李佳燕
Lee, Chia-Yen
關鍵詞 高度洄游魚類種群
大西洋鮪類資源保育委員會
大西洋鮪類資源保育委員會05-02號建議
區域漁業組織
台灣
海洋法
Highly Migratory Species
International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT)
Recommendation 05-02 by ICCAT
Regional Fishery Organization (RFO)
Tawian
the Law of the Sea
日期 2006
上傳時間 17-Sep-2009 17:49:42 (UTC+8)
摘要 2005年「大西洋鮪類資源保育委員會」(International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas, ICCAT)第十九屆年會將台灣2006年在大西洋大目鮪(Bigeye Tuna)的漁獲配額自14,900公噸削減為4,600公噸的決定,即05-02號建議(Recommendation by ICCAT Regarding Control of Chinese Taipei’s Atlantic Bigeye Tuna Fishery [05-02] in 2005),除反應出漁業資源日益稀少和各國竸爭激烈的事實外,也顯示了國人海洋漁業生態保育的觀念有待加強。

本論文乃以ICCAT 05-02號建議作為個案研究,對高度洄游魚類種群(highly migratory species)之養護與管理體系為一整體檢視,探討該號建議所呈現之生態保育問題。內容側重於法規範面之探討,並就高度洄游魚類種群之定義、生態習性、種類、及資源使用狀況為一基本介紹。主要探討三大議題:(1)國際規範體系架構;(2)養護與管理高度洄游魚類之現況;(3)當前面臨之問題與挑戰。

全球海洋資源面臨的人為挑戰模式均同,本文焦點雖在高度洄游魚類種群之探討,但也反應出其他種類漁資源在保育上所面臨的共同問題,只不過因高度洄游魚類生態上的特殊性,使其整體養護與管理過程更能突顯出國際漁業治理的本質─國際合作的必要性。但若從另一角度分析漁業管理制度發生改變的原因,則將突顯出國際漁業治理的另一項本質,即國家利益的追求,事實上這也是所有國際活動的基本特徵。因此,以專業性的角度來分析區域漁業組織運作的同時,不能忽略國際政治因素的牽絆,國家漁業經濟利益透過國際政治上的實力對比在區域漁業組織的運作過程中彰顯出來。

本論文章節安排分為六章,首先概略介紹「高度洄游魚類」之意義、特性及資源使用狀態(第一章),爾後簡介現行有關高度洄游魚類之國際規範體系(第二章),接著以ICCAT為案例,使讀者明白當前國際間透過區域漁業組織來施行漁資源管理的實際運作情形(第三章),透過05-02號建議讓讀者了解區域漁業組織如何敦促成員國遵守區域漁業規範,落實其養護與管理高度洄游魚類之國際任務(第四章),並探討ICCAT05-02號建議所反應出來的制度面或執行面之問題(第五章)。最後綜合各章節內容,針對高度洄游魚類之整體規範體系架構為一觀察反省,歸結出本議題核心所在,即追求國家利益前提下的國際合作(第六章)。

國際間對於高度洄游魚類種群的保育工程已然啟動,國家願意讓渡出更多一些的權力由國際專門性機構來主導,並在一定規範架構下進行國際合作,這是值得肯定的發展趨勢,並可觀樂期待國際間對於生態環境議題將給予更多的關注,落實資源永續經營的理念。
On 19th regular meeting of the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT), the commission decided to cut down Taiwan’s quota of Bigeye tuna in Atlantic Ocean form 14,900 tonnage to 4,900, that is Recommendation by ICCAT Regarding Control of Chinese Taipei’s Atlantic Bigeye Tuna Fishery [05-02] in 2005. This case reflects the fact that fishery resource is coming shorter and States compete harshly. It shows that our concept of conservation ecology leaves much space to improve as well.

This thesis is a case study based on Recommendation 05-02 by ICCAT. Here try to inspect thoroughly the conservation and management system of highly migratory species, so as to discuss the problems of eco-conservation reflecting from that Recommendation. Contexts focus on the regulation aspect, and briefly introduce the definition, ecologic habitual behavior, kinds, and condition of resource consumption of highly migratory species. The three main topics to discuss are: (1) international regulation framework; (2) current status of conservation and management of highly migratory species; (3) the problems and challenges confront with nowadays.

The challenges to ocean resource caused by human activity are all the same. This thesis is about highly migratory species, but also reflects the common problem of other fish species in ecological protection respect. Merely because of the ecological particularity, the whole process of conservation and management of highly migratory species could better show the key ingredient of international fishery governance, which is international cooperation. From the other angle, the change of fishery management system mirrors the nature of international fishery management, that is pursuing of national interest. Actually, the later is fundamental character of all kinds of international interaction. Therefore, when analyzing the function of regional fishery organization, we could not ignore the international political fact. National economic fishery interest manifests through relative international political power in fishery management organizations.

There are six chapters in this thesis. First, to take a quick glance at what “highly migratory species” is and its character and resource status (chapter 1). And then turn to the introduction of current international regulation system of highly migratory species (chapter 2). Following is a case study based on ICCAT, to inform readers how Regional Fishery Organizations function actually (chapter 3). Through Recommendation 05-02 by ICCAT, we could take a look how Regional Fishery Organizations urge States to meet their commission of conserving and managing highly migratory species (chapter 4). And then go to a discussion of institutional and enforcement problems reflect from Recommendation 05-02 by ICCAT (chapter 5). Finally, we take a entirely observation and introspection from the foregoing chapters, and then sum up the core of the international fishery issue, that is international cooperation with a prerequisite of chasing national interest(chapter 6).

The international conservation of highly migratory species has set out. States are willing to transfer more competence to specialized institution and undertake international cooperation under a certain regulatory framework. This situation deserves much applause. We could look forward that international society would pay more attention to environmental ecological issues to carrying out the idea of sustainable development and management of ocean resource.
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※ 有關ICCAT歷年年會經過之簡介,可參考《國際漁業資訊》第146期(2004年)、第133期(2003年)、第123期(2002年)、第110期(2001年)、第98期(2000年)、第86期(1999年)、第74期(1998年)、第51期(1996年)。
== 西文部分 ==
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期刊、論文
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== 網路連結 ==
中文網站
中央大學地科遠距教學系統http://140.115.123.30/earth/earth.htm
中華民國對外漁業合作發展協會網站http://www.ofdc.org.tw/
台灣區鮪魚公會 http://www.tuna.org.tw/front.asp
台灣魚類資料庫http://fishdb.sinica.edu.tw/version.htm
行政院農委會漁業署 http://www.fa.gov.tw/chn/index.php
行政院農委會水產試驗所 http://www.tfrin.gov.tw/friweb/index.php
海洋資料庫網站 http://www.ncor.ntu.edu.tw/ODBS/index.html
教育部「自然生態學習網」 http://nature.edu.tw
西文網站
FAO-Fisheries Department http://www.fao.org/fi/default.asp
Fish base http://www.fishbase.org/search.php
Internet Guide to International Fisheries Law http://www.intfish.net/orgs/index-1.htm
Pacific Fishery Management Council (US) http://www.pcouncil.org/hms/hmsback.html#what
The Division for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea http://www.un.org/Depts/los/index.htm
Wikipedia encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
 區域漁業組織官方網站
Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna (CCSBT)
南方黑鮪保育委員會http://www.ccsbt.org/
Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC)
印度洋鮪類委員會http://www.iotc.org/English/index.php
Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission (IATTC)
美洲熱帶鮪類保護委員會http://www.iattc.org/HomeENG.htm
International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT)
大西洋鮪類資源保育委員會 http://www.iccat.es/main.htm
The General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM)
地中海漁業總務理事會http://www.fao.org/fi/body/rfb/GFCM/gfcm_home.htm|
Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC)
中西太平洋漁業委員會http://www.wcpfc.org/
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
外交研究所
93253007
95
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093253007
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 陳純一zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 李佳燕zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lee, Chia-Yenen_US
dc.creator (作者) 李佳燕zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Lee, Chia-Yenen_US
dc.date (日期) 2006en_US
dc.date.accessioned 17-Sep-2009 17:49:42 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 17-Sep-2009 17:49:42 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 17-Sep-2009 17:49:42 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0093253007en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/33666-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 外交研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93253007zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 95zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 2005年「大西洋鮪類資源保育委員會」(International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas, ICCAT)第十九屆年會將台灣2006年在大西洋大目鮪(Bigeye Tuna)的漁獲配額自14,900公噸削減為4,600公噸的決定,即05-02號建議(Recommendation by ICCAT Regarding Control of Chinese Taipei’s Atlantic Bigeye Tuna Fishery [05-02] in 2005),除反應出漁業資源日益稀少和各國竸爭激烈的事實外,也顯示了國人海洋漁業生態保育的觀念有待加強。

本論文乃以ICCAT 05-02號建議作為個案研究,對高度洄游魚類種群(highly migratory species)之養護與管理體系為一整體檢視,探討該號建議所呈現之生態保育問題。內容側重於法規範面之探討,並就高度洄游魚類種群之定義、生態習性、種類、及資源使用狀況為一基本介紹。主要探討三大議題:(1)國際規範體系架構;(2)養護與管理高度洄游魚類之現況;(3)當前面臨之問題與挑戰。

全球海洋資源面臨的人為挑戰模式均同,本文焦點雖在高度洄游魚類種群之探討,但也反應出其他種類漁資源在保育上所面臨的共同問題,只不過因高度洄游魚類生態上的特殊性,使其整體養護與管理過程更能突顯出國際漁業治理的本質─國際合作的必要性。但若從另一角度分析漁業管理制度發生改變的原因,則將突顯出國際漁業治理的另一項本質,即國家利益的追求,事實上這也是所有國際活動的基本特徵。因此,以專業性的角度來分析區域漁業組織運作的同時,不能忽略國際政治因素的牽絆,國家漁業經濟利益透過國際政治上的實力對比在區域漁業組織的運作過程中彰顯出來。

本論文章節安排分為六章,首先概略介紹「高度洄游魚類」之意義、特性及資源使用狀態(第一章),爾後簡介現行有關高度洄游魚類之國際規範體系(第二章),接著以ICCAT為案例,使讀者明白當前國際間透過區域漁業組織來施行漁資源管理的實際運作情形(第三章),透過05-02號建議讓讀者了解區域漁業組織如何敦促成員國遵守區域漁業規範,落實其養護與管理高度洄游魚類之國際任務(第四章),並探討ICCAT05-02號建議所反應出來的制度面或執行面之問題(第五章)。最後綜合各章節內容,針對高度洄游魚類之整體規範體系架構為一觀察反省,歸結出本議題核心所在,即追求國家利益前提下的國際合作(第六章)。

國際間對於高度洄游魚類種群的保育工程已然啟動,國家願意讓渡出更多一些的權力由國際專門性機構來主導,並在一定規範架構下進行國際合作,這是值得肯定的發展趨勢,並可觀樂期待國際間對於生態環境議題將給予更多的關注,落實資源永續經營的理念。
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dc.description.abstract (摘要) On 19th regular meeting of the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT), the commission decided to cut down Taiwan’s quota of Bigeye tuna in Atlantic Ocean form 14,900 tonnage to 4,900, that is Recommendation by ICCAT Regarding Control of Chinese Taipei’s Atlantic Bigeye Tuna Fishery [05-02] in 2005. This case reflects the fact that fishery resource is coming shorter and States compete harshly. It shows that our concept of conservation ecology leaves much space to improve as well.

This thesis is a case study based on Recommendation 05-02 by ICCAT. Here try to inspect thoroughly the conservation and management system of highly migratory species, so as to discuss the problems of eco-conservation reflecting from that Recommendation. Contexts focus on the regulation aspect, and briefly introduce the definition, ecologic habitual behavior, kinds, and condition of resource consumption of highly migratory species. The three main topics to discuss are: (1) international regulation framework; (2) current status of conservation and management of highly migratory species; (3) the problems and challenges confront with nowadays.

The challenges to ocean resource caused by human activity are all the same. This thesis is about highly migratory species, but also reflects the common problem of other fish species in ecological protection respect. Merely because of the ecological particularity, the whole process of conservation and management of highly migratory species could better show the key ingredient of international fishery governance, which is international cooperation. From the other angle, the change of fishery management system mirrors the nature of international fishery management, that is pursuing of national interest. Actually, the later is fundamental character of all kinds of international interaction. Therefore, when analyzing the function of regional fishery organization, we could not ignore the international political fact. National economic fishery interest manifests through relative international political power in fishery management organizations.

There are six chapters in this thesis. First, to take a quick glance at what “highly migratory species” is and its character and resource status (chapter 1). And then turn to the introduction of current international regulation system of highly migratory species (chapter 2). Following is a case study based on ICCAT, to inform readers how Regional Fishery Organizations function actually (chapter 3). Through Recommendation 05-02 by ICCAT, we could take a look how Regional Fishery Organizations urge States to meet their commission of conserving and managing highly migratory species (chapter 4). And then go to a discussion of institutional and enforcement problems reflect from Recommendation 05-02 by ICCAT (chapter 5). Finally, we take a entirely observation and introspection from the foregoing chapters, and then sum up the core of the international fishery issue, that is international cooperation with a prerequisite of chasing national interest(chapter 6).

The international conservation of highly migratory species has set out. States are willing to transfer more competence to specialized institution and undertake international cooperation under a certain regulatory framework. This situation deserves much applause. We could look forward that international society would pay more attention to environmental ecological issues to carrying out the idea of sustainable development and management of ocean resource.
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dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 導論 1
第一節 高度洄游魚類種群基本介紹 1
第二節 研究動機與目的 11
第三節 研究範圍與研究限制 13
第四節 文獻回顧 15
第五節 論文架構 19
第二章 現行有關高度洄游魚類的國際規範 21
第一節 《聯合國海洋法公約》及其相關規範 23
第二節 聯合國糧食暨農組織之努力 28
第三節 區域漁業組織之功能 33
第三章 大西洋鮪類資源保育委員會(ICCAT) 39
第一節 大西洋鮪類資源保育委員會組織簡介 39
第二節 大西洋鮪類資源保育委員會養護與管理措施及其法律效果 44
第四章 大西洋鮪類資源保育委員會05-02號建議內容及其評析 63
第一節 05-02號建議案背景暨內容介紹 63
第二節 05-02號建議案之評析 78
第五章 大西洋鮪類資源保育委員會05-02號建議案所呈現之問題 93
第一節 從ICCAT 05-02號建議案觀察國際規範之演變 93
第二節 區域漁業組織在養護與管理高度洄游魚類議題上所扮演之角色 99
第三節 養護與管理高度洄游魚類所面臨之挑戰 106
第六章 結論 117
後 記 123
參考書目 125
附 件 133
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dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093253007en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 高度洄游魚類種群zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 大西洋鮪類資源保育委員會zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 大西洋鮪類資源保育委員會05-02號建議zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 區域漁業組織zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 台灣zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 海洋法zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Highly Migratory Speciesen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT)en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Recommendation 05-02 by ICCATen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Regional Fishery Organization (RFO)en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Tawianen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) the Law of the Seaen_US
dc.title (題名) 由「大西洋鮪類資源保育委員會」二○○五年05-02號建議論高度洄游魚類種群之養護與管理zh_TW
dc.title (題名) On the conservation and management of Highly Migratory Species in terms of Recommendation by ICCAT Regarding Control of Chinese Taipei’s Atlantic Bigeye Tuna Fishery「05-02」in 2007en_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) == 網路連結 ==zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文網站zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中央大學地科遠距教學系統http://140.115.123.30/earth/earth.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中華民國對外漁業合作發展協會網站http://www.ofdc.org.tw/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 台灣區鮪魚公會 http://www.tuna.org.tw/front.aspzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 台灣魚類資料庫http://fishdb.sinica.edu.tw/version.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 行政院農委會漁業署 http://www.fa.gov.tw/chn/index.phpzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 行政院農委會水產試驗所 http://www.tfrin.gov.tw/friweb/index.phpzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 海洋資料庫網站 http://www.ncor.ntu.edu.tw/ODBS/index.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 教育部「自然生態學習網」 http://nature.edu.twzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 西文網站zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) FAO-Fisheries Department http://www.fao.org/fi/default.aspzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fish base http://www.fishbase.org/search.phpzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Internet Guide to International Fisheries Law http://www.intfish.net/orgs/index-1.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Pacific Fishery Management Council (US) http://www.pcouncil.org/hms/hmsback.html#whatzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) The Division for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea http://www.un.org/Depts/los/index.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wikipedia encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Pagezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)  區域漁業組織官方網站zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna (CCSBT)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 南方黑鮪保育委員會http://www.ccsbt.org/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 印度洋鮪類委員會http://www.iotc.org/English/index.phpzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission (IATTC)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 美洲熱帶鮪類保護委員會http://www.iattc.org/HomeENG.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 大西洋鮪類資源保育委員會 http://www.iccat.es/main.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) The General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 地中海漁業總務理事會http://www.fao.org/fi/body/rfb/GFCM/gfcm_home.htm|zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中西太平洋漁業委員會http://www.wcpfc.org/zh_TW