學術產出-學位論文

題名 跨國企業電子商務移轉訂價制度之探討
The Research on Multinational Enterprises’ Transfer Pricing in Electronic Commerce Activities
作者 丁俊廷
Ting, Chun-Ting
貢獻者 陳香梅
Chen, Shine-May
丁俊廷
Ting, Chun-Ting
關鍵詞 移轉訂價
電子商務
常規交易原則
Transfer Pricing
Electronic Commerce
Arm`s Length Principle
日期 2005
上傳時間 18-九月-2009 09:05:01 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究針對移轉訂價制度在電子商務環境中是否產生適用上的問題、以及是否產生新型態的交易模式來進行探討,以了解現行之移轉訂價規範是否仍適用於電子商務環境。本研究首先透過文獻分析法與比較分析法,將電子商務移轉訂價相關之文獻加以整理與分析,了解移轉訂價在電子商務環境中所可能產生的適用問題,並比較各國對電子商務移轉訂價之態度與作法;接著根據電子商務的特性,提出跨國企業可能的電子商務移轉訂價交易模式。而後採用深入訪談法,針對可能的適用問題與可能的交易模式作為訪談主題,邀請五位產、官、學界之代表進行訪談,以了解實務面的觀點與處理方式,並改善本研究所提出之交易模式。<br>依據文獻彙整及訪談結果顯示,移轉訂價制度在電子商務環境下,仍應適用與傳統商務一致之常規交易原則。針對受控交易進行功能與風險分析,以找出合適之可比較對象並選定最適之移轉訂價方法,來判斷受控交易是否符合常規交易原則。此外,對於電子商務移轉訂價所可能產生的問題,包含可比較對象之找尋、移轉訂價方法之選擇、價值創造中心之決定、租稅天堂的運用、電子商務特性之影響、以及交易軌跡消失之疑慮等方面,皆不至於重大影響移轉訂價制度的運作;電子商務僅係提供另一道交易媒介,使得交易變得更有效率,並未改變受控交易之經濟實質與交易本質。因此,移轉訂價規範不論在傳統商務或電子商務的環境中,皆可一體適用,不因電子商務的加入而須加以改善或修正。
To know if the existing transfer pricing guideline could still apply to the environment of electronic commerce or not, this study aims to inquire into related issues of the transfer pricing under e-commerce activities, including whether it will bring any possible problems or result in new transaction models or not. First of all, documentary analysis and comparative analysis are applied to compile and analyze the literature related to transfer pricing in e-commerce. It helps to understand possible problems that will occur when applying it in e-commerce and to compare the different ideas and manners of practicing transfer pricing in e-commerce between certain countries. Also, probable transaction models will be proposed according to the characteristics of e-commerce. Secondly, in-depth interviews are used to probe into transfer pricing in e-commerce activities more thoroughly. Possible problems and transaction models of application are the main theme of interviews, and five representatives from the industrial circle, the government, and the academia are the major interviewees of the study. The purpose of in-depth interview is to figure out perspectives and actions of the practical aspect and to improve the transaction models proposed by the study.<br>According to the results of literature review and interviews, even in e-commerce conditions, the transfer pricing guideline can also apply to the arm’s length principle, the same as the traditional commerce does. As for the function and risk analysis of controlled transaction, which helps to figure out comparable uncontrolled transaction and to decide on the proper transfer pricing methodologies, it is applied to judge if controlled transaction could comply with the arm’s length principle. As for the function and risk analysis of controlled transaction, which helps to figure out comparable uncontrolled subjects and to decide on the proper transfer pricing methodologies, it is applied to judge if controlled transaction could comply with the arm’s length principle. Furthermore, possible problems that would arise in the course of e-commerce transfer pricing, including a search for the comparable uncontrolled transaction, the adoption of transfer pricing methodologies, the decision of value creation center, the utilization of tax heavens, the effects of e-commerce characteristics, and doubts about disappearance of the transaction track, all have no great influences upon the operation of transfer pricing guideline. E-commerce provides another medium of exchange to make transactions more efficient without changing the financial essence and transaction quality. In a word, the transfer pricing guideline can both apply to traditional commerce and e-commerce conditions. It is not necessary to improve or adjust the transfer pricing guideline even when involving in the issue of e-commerce.
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馬嘉應與陳柏綸,2005,移轉訂價交易模型探討,財稅研究第37卷第6期,頁33-69。
郭朝枝,2003,從電子商務看我國營業稅收損失及面臨之課稅困境—從線上拍賣網站談起,國立政治大學行政管理碩士學程碩士論文。
黃麗梅,2001,電子商務交易活動所得稅課稅課題之初探,國立交通大學經營管理研究所碩士論文。
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劉怡與林劫,2002,跨國公司電子商務轉讓定價稅制研究,經濟理論與經濟管理,第12期。
英文文獻
Abdallah, W. M. 2002a. Global transfer pricing of multinationals and e-commerce in the twenty-first century. Multinational Business Review 10 (2): 62-71.
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Bansal, D. 2005. Electronic commerce: Framework, technologies and applications. Finance India 19 (2): 641-643.
Becker, S. A. and A. Berkemeyer. 2004. A case study on a security maturity assessment of a business-to-business electronic commerce organization. Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations 2 (4): 1-19.
Biscontri, R. G., C. Y. M. Ng, S. L. M. Yuen. 2001. Electronic commerce: Erosion of tax base and challenges to the international. The International Tax Journal 27 (3): 51-63.
Borkowski, S. C. 2000. Global activity on the electronic commerce front: a taxation update. The International Tax Journal 26 (4): 1-30.
. 2002. Electronic commerce, transnational taxation, and transfer pricing: Issue and practices. The International Tax Journal 28 (2): 1-36.
Boyle, M. P., J. M. Peterson Jr, W. J. Sample, T. L. Schottenstein, and G. D. Spargue. 1999. The emerging international tax environment for electronic commerce. Tax Management International Journal 28 (6): 357-382.
Burns, J. 2001. United kingdom. International Tax Review: 97-102.
Casley, A., M. Perkins, and S. Cho. 2000. United Kingdom – Transfer pricing aspects of electronic commerce. International Transfer Pricing Journal (November/December): 243-247.
Clark, R., and W. Dodge. 1997. Hybrid method—bridging the gap. International Tax Review (April): 129-135.
Cockfield, A. J. 2004. Formulary taxation versus the arm’s-length principle: the battle among doubting thomases, purists, and pragmatists. Canadian Tax Journal 52 (1): 114-123.
Cooper, A. 2004. Electronic commerce: The taxing effect of not assessing internet sales. Journal of State Taxation 22 (4): 84-92.
Durst, M., G. Stone, C. Rolfe, and M. Happell. 1999. The new world of transfer pricing. International Tax Review (December): 4-7.
Eicker, K. 2001. Germany – Transfer pricing aspects of electronic commerce. International Transfer Pricing Journal (January/February): 12-15.
ERNST & YOUNG. 2005. 2005-2006 global transfer pricing surveys. ERNST & YOUNG.
Feinschreiber, R., and K. Margaret. 2001. E-commerce Profit Attribution. Internet Tax Advisor 2 (6): 1-3.
Furnell, S. M. and T. Karweni. 1999. Security implications of electronic commerce: a survey of consumers and businesses. Internet Research 9 (5): 372-382.
Haigh, R. 2001. OECD developments. International Tax Review (4): 9-17.
Henshall, John, Steven Wrappe, and Kerwin Chung. 2001. Transfer pricing. International Tax Review (4): 47-56.
Klinger F., C. Kuhlmann, and A. Willburger. 2000. Germany: asset-backed securities in the German market. International Financial Law Review; Securitization Yearbook 2000: 36-39.
Lau, C., and A. Halkyard. 2003. From e-commerce to e-business taxation. Asia-Pacific Tax Bulletin 9 (1): 2-13.
Li, J. 2001. Electronic Commerce and Multijurisdictional Taxation. Netherlands: Kluwer Law International.
. 2002. Global profit split: an evolutionary approach to international income allocation. Canadian Tax Journal 50 (3): 823-883.
Maguire, N., and R. Mattson. 1998. Electronic commerce. International Tax Review (Jun/Aug): 7-12.
McCrohan, K. F. 2003. Facing the threats to electronic commerce. The Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 18 (2): 133-145.
Niederhoffer, J.. 1999. Canada. International Tax Review (September): 48-53.
OECD, Committee on Fiscal Affairs. 1979. Transfer Pricing and Multinational Enterprises. OECD council for publication.
. 1998. Electronic commerce: a discussion paper on taxation issues. Discussion at the OECD Government/Business Dialogue on Taxation and Electronic Commerce.
. 2001. Transfer pricing guidelines for multinational enterprises and tax administrations. OECD council for publication.
. 2005. E-commerce: transfer pricing and business profit taxation. OECD council for publication.
Oosterhoff, D., and J. P. Donga. 2001. Practical application of transactional profit methods. International Transfer Pricing Journal (January/February): 2-6.
Owaki, M., and K. Tamazawa. 1999. Japan. International Tax Review (September): 68-70.
Owens, J. 2005. Should the arm’s length principle retire? International Transfer Pricing Journal (May/June): 99-102.
Rohatgi, R. 2002. Basic International Taxation. Netherlands: Kluwer Law International.
Rolfe, C. 1999. Europe. International Tax Review (February): 23-27.
Rolph, B., and J. Niederhoffer. 1999. Transfer pricing and e-commerce. International Tax Review (September): 34-39.
Rosemarie, P. 1998. Transfer pricing: internet transactions. Tax Planning International Review 25 (5): 28-35.
Schmitt, V., and C. Silberztein. 2000. France – Transfer pricing aspects of electronic commerce. International Transfer Pricing Journal (November/December): 232-237.
Scott, D. 2000. Australia – Transfer pricing aspects of electronic commerce. International Transfer Pricing Journal (November/December): 218-225.
Shan, N., L. Olsen, T. Rudd, M. Collardin, and B. Smith. 2000. Taxing the internet goldrush. International Tax Review 11 (3): 13-20.
Slyke, C. V., F. Belanger and V. Sridhar. 2005. A comparison of American and Indian consumers perceptions of electronic commerce. Information Resources Management Journal 18 (2): 24-40.
Tynan, J., and E. Lyne. 2002. Transfer pricing in e-business. Accountancy Ireland 34 (1): 26-27.
Valverde, A. L. 2000. Spain – Transfer pricing aspects of electronic commerce. International Transfer Pricing Journal (November/December): 238-243.
Verlinden, I., and X. V. Vlem. 2000. Belgium – Transfer pricing aspects of electronic commerce. International Transfer Pricing Journal (November/December): 226-232.
Vincent, F. 2005. Transfer pricing and attribution of income to permanent establishments: The case for systematic global profit split (just don’t say formulary apportionment). Canadian Tax Journal 53 (2): 409-416.
Wilkie, J. S. 2001. Canada – Transfer pricing aspects of electronic commerce. International Transfer Pricing Journal (January/February): 6-12.
Williamson, D. T. 2004. Electronic agencies as permanent establishments under U.S. income tax treaties. The International Tax Journal 30 (3): 87-96.
Wong, P. W. 2002. International tax aspects of electronic commerce transactions. Internet Tax Advisor 3 (8): 1-4.
網路文獻
財政部賦稅署,2006,移轉訂價報告參考範本,財政部賦稅署,(http://www.dot.gov.tw/upload/移轉訂價報告參考範本1.pdf),2006/4/23下載。
財團法人資訊工業策進會,2005,2005中華民國電子商務年鑑,經濟部商業司,(http://www.ec.org.tw/service/publish/publish_show.asp?PubID=59)。
馬嘉應與單珮玲,2002,網路交易之國際課稅權分配,(http://www.google.com/search?q=cache:DljIqHY80DcJ:cc.shu.edu.tw/~econ/conference/2002/2-1.pdf)。
耿曙,2003,深度訪談:意義、實踐、問題,政大「研究生研究方法研習營」,(www2.nccu.edu.tw/~s00/news/master/深度訪談法專題.pdf)。
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
會計研究所
93353056
94
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093353056
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 陳香梅zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Chen, Shine-Mayen_US
dc.contributor.author (作者) 丁俊廷zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (作者) Ting, Chun-Tingen_US
dc.creator (作者) 丁俊廷zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Ting, Chun-Tingen_US
dc.date (日期) 2005en_US
dc.date.accessioned 18-九月-2009 09:05:01 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 18-九月-2009 09:05:01 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 18-九月-2009 09:05:01 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0093353056en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/34233-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 會計研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93353056zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 94zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究針對移轉訂價制度在電子商務環境中是否產生適用上的問題、以及是否產生新型態的交易模式來進行探討,以了解現行之移轉訂價規範是否仍適用於電子商務環境。本研究首先透過文獻分析法與比較分析法,將電子商務移轉訂價相關之文獻加以整理與分析,了解移轉訂價在電子商務環境中所可能產生的適用問題,並比較各國對電子商務移轉訂價之態度與作法;接著根據電子商務的特性,提出跨國企業可能的電子商務移轉訂價交易模式。而後採用深入訪談法,針對可能的適用問題與可能的交易模式作為訪談主題,邀請五位產、官、學界之代表進行訪談,以了解實務面的觀點與處理方式,並改善本研究所提出之交易模式。<br>依據文獻彙整及訪談結果顯示,移轉訂價制度在電子商務環境下,仍應適用與傳統商務一致之常規交易原則。針對受控交易進行功能與風險分析,以找出合適之可比較對象並選定最適之移轉訂價方法,來判斷受控交易是否符合常規交易原則。此外,對於電子商務移轉訂價所可能產生的問題,包含可比較對象之找尋、移轉訂價方法之選擇、價值創造中心之決定、租稅天堂的運用、電子商務特性之影響、以及交易軌跡消失之疑慮等方面,皆不至於重大影響移轉訂價制度的運作;電子商務僅係提供另一道交易媒介,使得交易變得更有效率,並未改變受控交易之經濟實質與交易本質。因此,移轉訂價規範不論在傳統商務或電子商務的環境中,皆可一體適用,不因電子商務的加入而須加以改善或修正。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) To know if the existing transfer pricing guideline could still apply to the environment of electronic commerce or not, this study aims to inquire into related issues of the transfer pricing under e-commerce activities, including whether it will bring any possible problems or result in new transaction models or not. First of all, documentary analysis and comparative analysis are applied to compile and analyze the literature related to transfer pricing in e-commerce. It helps to understand possible problems that will occur when applying it in e-commerce and to compare the different ideas and manners of practicing transfer pricing in e-commerce between certain countries. Also, probable transaction models will be proposed according to the characteristics of e-commerce. Secondly, in-depth interviews are used to probe into transfer pricing in e-commerce activities more thoroughly. Possible problems and transaction models of application are the main theme of interviews, and five representatives from the industrial circle, the government, and the academia are the major interviewees of the study. The purpose of in-depth interview is to figure out perspectives and actions of the practical aspect and to improve the transaction models proposed by the study.<br>According to the results of literature review and interviews, even in e-commerce conditions, the transfer pricing guideline can also apply to the arm’s length principle, the same as the traditional commerce does. As for the function and risk analysis of controlled transaction, which helps to figure out comparable uncontrolled transaction and to decide on the proper transfer pricing methodologies, it is applied to judge if controlled transaction could comply with the arm’s length principle. As for the function and risk analysis of controlled transaction, which helps to figure out comparable uncontrolled subjects and to decide on the proper transfer pricing methodologies, it is applied to judge if controlled transaction could comply with the arm’s length principle. Furthermore, possible problems that would arise in the course of e-commerce transfer pricing, including a search for the comparable uncontrolled transaction, the adoption of transfer pricing methodologies, the decision of value creation center, the utilization of tax heavens, the effects of e-commerce characteristics, and doubts about disappearance of the transaction track, all have no great influences upon the operation of transfer pricing guideline. E-commerce provides another medium of exchange to make transactions more efficient without changing the financial essence and transaction quality. In a word, the transfer pricing guideline can both apply to traditional commerce and e-commerce conditions. It is not necessary to improve or adjust the transfer pricing guideline even when involving in the issue of e-commerce.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機 1
第二節 研究目的 3
第三節 研究方法 5
第四節 研究架構 6
第二章 文獻探討 8
第一節 電子商務租稅議題之文獻探討 8
第二節 電子商務移轉訂價議題之文獻探討 12
第三章 移轉訂價規範在電子商務時代之適用性 22
第一節 電子商務對企業內部交易之影響 22
第二節 電子商務對移轉訂價原則適用性之考驗 32
第四章 我國對電子交易模式下移轉訂價制度之探討 42
第一節 訪談設計與對象 42
第二節 深度訪談資料分析 43
第五章 電子商務移轉訂價交易模式探討 59
第一節 有形資產之移轉 59
第二節 無形資產之移轉(一) 69
第三節 無形資產之移轉(二) 76
第四節 服務之提供 84
第六章 結論與建議 90
第一節 研究結論 90
第二節 研究限制 94
第三節 後續研究建議 96
參考文獻 97
附錄 訪談問卷
zh_TW
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dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093353056en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 移轉訂價zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 電子商務zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 常規交易原則zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Transfer Pricingen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Electronic Commerceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Arm`s Length Principleen_US
dc.title (題名) 跨國企業電子商務移轉訂價制度之探討zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Research on Multinational Enterprises’ Transfer Pricing in Electronic Commerce Activitiesen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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