Publications-Theses

題名 軟體公司知識創造與能耐積蓄之平台建構
作者 陳重嘉
Chen, Chung-Chia
貢獻者 李仁芳
li, jen-fang
陳重嘉
Chen, Chung-Chia
關鍵詞 知識管理
企業概念傘
雙軌生涯制度
知識創造
能耐積蓄
knowledge management
concept umbrella
dual career ladder
knowledge creation
capability building
日期 2005
上傳時間 18-Sep-2009 09:26:33 (UTC+8)
摘要 知識經濟的時代,企業最重要的資產是「人」與「知識」,如何運用與積蓄這兩項資產,對企業的持續競爭力有關鍵性的影響。本文以知識管理的文獻探討為基礎,從中萃取出攸關的議題,以問卷調查的方式來收集相關資料,並透過統計檢定方法來分析資料,以發掘事實。這些攸關的議題共有八項,分別為:一、鼓勵員工勇於表達自己意見與想法的文化(組織的文化),與員工勇於表達自己意見與想法的行為(組織的行為),彼此是否為正向相關。二、高階主管主動傳授知識與技能的行為(主管的行為),與員工彼此分享知識與技能的行為(部屬的行為),彼此是否為正向相關。三、金錢、名聲、交情與互惠,這四項影響「知識分享意願與行為」的因子,其影響力的強弱順序為何。如果我們能釐清這四項因子影響力的強弱順序,則可據此設計出更為有效的激勵制度,將知識分享所產生的綜效極大化。四、是否超過半數的受訪者,無法容忍一個問題的解決方案,是處於模稜兩可、曖昧不明的狀況。五、當理性的分析結果與當事人的直覺相互衝突時,是否超過一半的受訪者,選擇相信理性的分析結果。議題四與五,主要是由認知風格的差異,來探討人才的多樣性。六、是否超過一半的受訪者,認為管理階梯的社會評價較高,以及肯定技術階梯職位具有激
勵效果。七、是否超過一半的受訪者,無法確定公司是否具有概念傘。八、個案公司的知識管理現況為何。

根據上述八項議題所發掘而得的事實,以及個案訪談所得之資料,本文提出了一個能夠有效活絡知識創造與能耐積蓄的平台,該平台包含五大建構單元,分別為:一、建立優質文化。二、落實雙軌生涯制度。三、建立知識管理專員制度。四、建立系統化的流程來引導知識創造與能耐積蓄活動。五、落實知識管理的配套措施。我們相信,企業藉著由五大單元所建構而成的平台,必可建立企業獨有的環境與氛圍,以利企業核心能力的滋長。最後,本文期盼該平台能為企業界提供實踐的重點與方向,成為一個最佳實施例的範本,並對有志於知識管理的人士,提供智識上的啟發,如此則已達成本文之目的。





關鍵詞:知識管理、企業概念傘、雙軌生涯制度,知識創造,能耐積蓄
In this knowledge economic era, “people” and “knowledge” are very essential to keep the enterprises’ sustainable competence. Hence, based on the survey of books and papers about knowledge management, this thesis distills diverse perspectives and best practices into eight issues for further study, they are as follows: (1) Is there any positive correlation between “organizational culture” and “organizational behavior”? For an organizational culture that encourages people to express their opinions and ideas without any concerns, can we really have the distinguishable perception that people really behave so in this circumstance? (2) Is there any positive correlation between “managers’ behavior” and “subordinates’ behavior”? If managers are willing to mentor subordinates, willing to share their knowledge and skills, can it become a driving force to make subordinates behave the same? (3) As we know, money, reputation, friendship and reciprocal, all these four factors affect the extent of knowledge-sharing willingness and behavior, but can we figure out the strength order of these four factors? If we can, then we may devise a better, more effective incentive system to maximize the synergy of knowledge-sharing. (4) If the solutions to a problem are ambiguous and equivocal, is it true that more than half the people can not accept this situation? (5) If the rational analysis conflicts with your instinct, which one do you trust? The issue 4 and 5 are actually discussing the varieties of cognitive style. (6) For dual career ladder, is

it true that more than half the people give higher evaluation to managerial ladder than technical one? Is it true that more than half the people regard the technical ladder as an incentive? (7) Is it true that more than half the people who are not clear about the concept umbrella of the company? (8) Based on nine indicators about knowledge management, conduct surveys of the four cases, and try to find out the strength and weakness of each case.

By the data analysis and case studies, this thesis has found out several facts, and then proposes a platform for knowledge creation and capability building. The platform is composed of five units, they are as follows: (1) Instill good and appropriate cultures. (2) Put dual career ladder into practice. (3) Establish knowledge steward system. (4) Establish systematic procedure as the guide for the knowledge creation and capability building activities. (5) Find out the necessary auxiliary measures for knowledge management, put them into practice. With the platform constructed by the five units, we believe that each enterprise is able to construct a unique environment and atmosphere of its own, which in itself is beneficial to nurture and consolidate the core competence.

Finally, we hope this thesis has shed light on the enterprises, and provided some intellectual stimuli for those people who are interested in knowledge management.


Keyword: knowledge management, dual career ladder, concept umbrella, knowledge creation, capability building
參考文獻 中文部分
□ 王美音(1998譯),知識創新之泉,遠流出版社。
□ 尤克強(2001),知識管理與創新,天下文化出版社。
□ 林惠玲與陳正倉(2003),應用統計學,雙葉書廊出版社。
□ 林惠玲與陳正倉(2004),統計學 – 方法與應用(下冊),雙葉書廊出版社。
□ 胡瑋珊(1999譯),知識管理(Working Knowledge),中國生產力。
□ 柯承恩(2005),追求跨領域的交會點創新,商業週刊897期。
□ 張玉文(2000譯),知識管理(Knowledge Management, HBR Press),天下文化出版社。
□ 陳智文(2004譯),說故事的力量,臉譜出版社。
□ 發現頻道DVD,大腦迷思(2001),協和國際發行。(Discovery Channel DVD, Brain Stormers(2001))
□ 楊子江,王美音(1997譯),創新求勝,遠流出版社。
□ 鄭惟厚(2002譯),統計學的世界,天下文化出版社。
□ Drucker, Peter(1988,新時代、新組織,HBR。張玉文2000譯)
□ Kleiner, Art and Roth, George(1997, 如何以經驗為良師,HBR。張玉文2000譯)
□ Leonard-Barton, Dorothy, and Straus, Susaan(1997,左右腦並用,HBR。張玉文2000譯)
□ Nonaka, Ikujiro(1991, 知識創造的企業,HBR。張玉文2000譯)
英文部分
□ Davenport, Thomas, and Prusak, Lawrence(1997) “Working Knowledge”, Harvard Business School Press.
□ Garvin, David(2000) “Learning in Action”, Harvard Business School Press.
□ Keller, Gerald, and Warrack, Brian(2000) “Statistics for Management and Economics”, Duxbury and Thomson Learning.
□ Leonard-Barton, Dorothy(1995) “Wellsprings of Knowledge”, Harvard Business School Press.
□ Leonard-Barton, Dorothy, and Sensiper, Sylvia(1998) “The Role of Tacit Knowledge in Group Innovation”, California Management Review, pg 112.
□ Nonaka, Ikujiro(2002) “A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation”, p437 ~ p462, “The Strategic Management of Intellectual Capital and Organization Knowledge”, Oxford University Press.
□ Nonaka, I. and Konno, N (1998) “The Concept of ‘ba’: Building a Foundation for Knowledge Creation.” California Management Review 40(3): 40-54.
□ Smith, Heather, and McKeen, James(2003) “Instilling a Knowledge-Sharing Culture”, WP 03-11 Queen’s Centre for Knowledge-based Enterprises.
□ Umemoto, Katsuhiro(2002) “Managing Existing Knowledge Is Not Enough”, p463 ~ p476, “The Strategic Management of Intellectual Capital and Organization Knowledge”, Oxford University Press.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
科技管理研究所
92359027
94
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0092359027
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 李仁芳zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor li, jen-fangen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 陳重嘉zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chen, Chung-Chiaen_US
dc.creator (作者) 陳重嘉zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chen, Chung-Chiaen_US
dc.date (日期) 2005en_US
dc.date.accessioned 18-Sep-2009 09:26:33 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 18-Sep-2009 09:26:33 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 18-Sep-2009 09:26:33 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0092359027en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/34330-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 科技管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 92359027zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 94zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 知識經濟的時代,企業最重要的資產是「人」與「知識」,如何運用與積蓄這兩項資產,對企業的持續競爭力有關鍵性的影響。本文以知識管理的文獻探討為基礎,從中萃取出攸關的議題,以問卷調查的方式來收集相關資料,並透過統計檢定方法來分析資料,以發掘事實。這些攸關的議題共有八項,分別為:一、鼓勵員工勇於表達自己意見與想法的文化(組織的文化),與員工勇於表達自己意見與想法的行為(組織的行為),彼此是否為正向相關。二、高階主管主動傳授知識與技能的行為(主管的行為),與員工彼此分享知識與技能的行為(部屬的行為),彼此是否為正向相關。三、金錢、名聲、交情與互惠,這四項影響「知識分享意願與行為」的因子,其影響力的強弱順序為何。如果我們能釐清這四項因子影響力的強弱順序,則可據此設計出更為有效的激勵制度,將知識分享所產生的綜效極大化。四、是否超過半數的受訪者,無法容忍一個問題的解決方案,是處於模稜兩可、曖昧不明的狀況。五、當理性的分析結果與當事人的直覺相互衝突時,是否超過一半的受訪者,選擇相信理性的分析結果。議題四與五,主要是由認知風格的差異,來探討人才的多樣性。六、是否超過一半的受訪者,認為管理階梯的社會評價較高,以及肯定技術階梯職位具有激
勵效果。七、是否超過一半的受訪者,無法確定公司是否具有概念傘。八、個案公司的知識管理現況為何。

根據上述八項議題所發掘而得的事實,以及個案訪談所得之資料,本文提出了一個能夠有效活絡知識創造與能耐積蓄的平台,該平台包含五大建構單元,分別為:一、建立優質文化。二、落實雙軌生涯制度。三、建立知識管理專員制度。四、建立系統化的流程來引導知識創造與能耐積蓄活動。五、落實知識管理的配套措施。我們相信,企業藉著由五大單元所建構而成的平台,必可建立企業獨有的環境與氛圍,以利企業核心能力的滋長。最後,本文期盼該平台能為企業界提供實踐的重點與方向,成為一個最佳實施例的範本,並對有志於知識管理的人士,提供智識上的啟發,如此則已達成本文之目的。





關鍵詞:知識管理、企業概念傘、雙軌生涯制度,知識創造,能耐積蓄
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) In this knowledge economic era, “people” and “knowledge” are very essential to keep the enterprises’ sustainable competence. Hence, based on the survey of books and papers about knowledge management, this thesis distills diverse perspectives and best practices into eight issues for further study, they are as follows: (1) Is there any positive correlation between “organizational culture” and “organizational behavior”? For an organizational culture that encourages people to express their opinions and ideas without any concerns, can we really have the distinguishable perception that people really behave so in this circumstance? (2) Is there any positive correlation between “managers’ behavior” and “subordinates’ behavior”? If managers are willing to mentor subordinates, willing to share their knowledge and skills, can it become a driving force to make subordinates behave the same? (3) As we know, money, reputation, friendship and reciprocal, all these four factors affect the extent of knowledge-sharing willingness and behavior, but can we figure out the strength order of these four factors? If we can, then we may devise a better, more effective incentive system to maximize the synergy of knowledge-sharing. (4) If the solutions to a problem are ambiguous and equivocal, is it true that more than half the people can not accept this situation? (5) If the rational analysis conflicts with your instinct, which one do you trust? The issue 4 and 5 are actually discussing the varieties of cognitive style. (6) For dual career ladder, is

it true that more than half the people give higher evaluation to managerial ladder than technical one? Is it true that more than half the people regard the technical ladder as an incentive? (7) Is it true that more than half the people who are not clear about the concept umbrella of the company? (8) Based on nine indicators about knowledge management, conduct surveys of the four cases, and try to find out the strength and weakness of each case.

By the data analysis and case studies, this thesis has found out several facts, and then proposes a platform for knowledge creation and capability building. The platform is composed of five units, they are as follows: (1) Instill good and appropriate cultures. (2) Put dual career ladder into practice. (3) Establish knowledge steward system. (4) Establish systematic procedure as the guide for the knowledge creation and capability building activities. (5) Find out the necessary auxiliary measures for knowledge management, put them into practice. With the platform constructed by the five units, we believe that each enterprise is able to construct a unique environment and atmosphere of its own, which in itself is beneficial to nurture and consolidate the core competence.

Finally, we hope this thesis has shed light on the enterprises, and provided some intellectual stimuli for those people who are interested in knowledge management.


Keyword: knowledge management, dual career ladder, concept umbrella, knowledge creation, capability building
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章、緒論 1
第一節、研究背景與動機 1
第二節、研究問題 2
第三節、研究流程 6
第二章、文獻探討 7
第一節、核心能力構面與核心能力滋蓄活動 7
異質型的組合團隊 9
專案指導遠景(Project Guiding Vision) 10
專案稽核(Project Audit or Project Postmortem) 10
認知風格的差異 11
第二節、日本公司的知識創造活動 12
知識的四種轉換模式 12
隱喻、類比與原型 14
企業概念傘 15
第三節、建立樂於分享知識的文化 16
公司的文化是同舟共濟型(communal) 17
公司的文化強調程序公平與公平的結果 18
公司的文化肯定組織成員的表現與貢獻 18
第四節、學習歷史 19
第五節、跨領域交會點的創新 22
第六節、Working Knowledge 24
強調感激點子來源的文化 24
利用知識地圖來指引知識的最佳來源 24
利用故事來傳承知識 25
行動後回顧(After Action Review) 26
利用茶水間的偶遇交談來捕捉創新的意外性 26
第七節、雙軌生涯制度 28
第三章、研究架構、方法與限制 29
第一節、研究架構 29
第二節、研究方法 30
Spearman Rank Correlation Method 31
Friedman Test 32
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum Test 33
樣本比例法 34
研究問題的問卷設計以及研究方法 35
第三節、研究限制 45
第四章、個案訪談 47
第一節、思源科技 47
公司簡介 47
知識管理現況 48
第二節、訊連科技 51
公司簡介 51
知識管理現況 52
第三節、瑞昱科技 54
公司簡介 54
知識管理現況 55
第四節、誠致科技 57
公司簡介 57
知識管理現況 57
第五章、研究發現與討論 61
第一節、研究發現 61
文化與行為 61
上行與下效 63
關鍵因子的影響力大小 65
偏好模式的簡易歸納法 65
Friedman Test 68
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum Test 70
對模稜兩可情況的忍受度 79
對理性分析結果與直覺的信任 81
對雙軌生涯制度的評價與肯定 86
組織成員所感受到的概念傘 89
個案公司的知識管理現況與建議 93
第二節、討論 99
將數據與資訊轉換為知識 99
互補型的管理團隊 100
包容不同的認知風格與左右腦全腦開動 100
第六章、結論、平台之建構與建議 103
第一節、結論 103
第二節、平台之建構 105
知識創造與能耐積蓄平台之建構 105
建立優質文化 105
落實雙軌生涯制度 107
建立知識管理專員制度 108
建立系統化流程來引導知識創造與能耐積蓄活動 109
落實知識管理的配套措施 112
第三節、建議 115
人才聘僱政策應維持人才的多樣性 115
利用數位科技來保存知識創造的軌跡 116
培養多元的價值觀 116
參考文獻 119
中文部分 119
英文部分 120
附錄 1-1 問卷調查 121
附錄 2-1 研究發現1之統計分析資料 122
附錄 2-2 研究發現2之統計分析資料 126
附錄 2-3 研究發現3之統計分析資料 130




圖目錄
圖1-3-1:研究流程 6
圖2-1-1 核心能力構面與核心能力滋蓄活動 9
圖2-2-1:知識的四種轉換模式 14
圖2-3-1:企業文化的四種類型 17
圖2-4-1 學習歷史的架構 21
圖3-1-1:研究架構 29
圖5-1-4-1:能否容忍模稜兩可情況的樣本比例圖 80
圖5-1-5-1:理性分析與直覺的選擇比例圖 82
圖5-1-6-1:管理與技術階梯的社會評價比例圖 87
圖5-1-6-2:技術階梯職位是否具有激勵效果之比例圖 88
圖5-1-7-1:員工認為公司是否具有概念傘的比例圖 90
圖5-2-1:男人說話或使用字彙時的腦部活動 102
圖5-2-2:女人說話或使用字彙時的腦部活動 102
圖5-2-3:Nature雜誌封面上的男人與女人的腦部差異 102
圖6-2-1:知識創造與能耐積蓄之平台 114



表目錄
表4-1-1:思源科技的知識管理現況 50
表4-1-2:訊連科技的知識管理現況 53
表4-1-3:瑞昱科技的知識管理現況 56
表4-1-4:誠致科技的知識管理現況 59
表5-1-1-1:文化與行為之Rank Difference計算簡表 62
表5-1-1-2:文化與行為之檢定統計量與決策一覽表 62
表5-1-2-1:主動傳授與分享行為之Rank Difference計算簡表 64
表5-1-2-2:主動傳授與分享行為之檢定統計量與決策一覽表 64
表5-1-3-1:偏好模式的簡易歸納法簡表 66
表5-1-3-2:偏好模式之簡易歸納計數表 67
表5-1-3-3:四項因子的Friedman Test計算簡表 69
表5-1-3-4:四項因子的檢定統計量與決策一覽表 69
表5-1-3-5:金錢與名聲的Signed Rank Sum Test 計算簡表 71
表5-1-3-6:金錢與名聲之權重等級轉換表 71
表5-1-3-7:金錢與名聲之檢定統計量與決策一覽表 72
表5-1-3-8:金錢與交情之檢定統計量與決策一覽表 73
表5-1-3-9:金錢與互惠之檢定統計量與決策一覽表 74
表5-1-3-10:名聲與交情的檢定統計量與決策一覽表 75
表5-1-3-11:名聲與互惠的檢定統計量與決策一覽表 76
表5-1-3-12:交情與互惠的檢定統計量與決策一覽表 77
表5-1-4-1:能否容忍模稜兩可情況的檢定統計量與決策一覽表 80
表5-1-5-1:理性的分析結果與直覺的檢定統計量與決策一覽表 82
表5-1-5-2:個案四家公司選擇理性分析與直覺的票數統計表 83
表5-1-6-1:管理階梯與技術階梯的檢定統計量與決策一覽表 87
表5-2-6-2:技術階梯職位之激勵效果的檢定統計量與決策一覽表 88
表5-1-7-1:不確定公司是否具有概念傘的檢定統計量與決策一覽表 90
表5-1-8-1:個案四家公司知識管理現況一覽表 96
表5-1-8-2:個案四家公司的制度與管理方法之差異表 98
表A-2-1-1:文化與行為之樣本資料一覽表 122
表A-2-1-2:文化與行為之等級轉換計算表 123
表A-2-1-3:文化與行為之等級差與其平方計算表 124
表A-2-1-4:文化與行為之Rank Correlation一覽表 125
表A-2-2-1:主動傳授與分享行為之樣本資料一覽表 126
表A-2-2-2:主動傳授與分享行為之等級轉換計算表 127
表A-2-2-3:主動傳授與分享行為之等級差與其平方計算表 128
表A-2-2-4:主動傳授與分享行為之Rank Correlation一覽表 129
表A-2-3-1:四項因子之簡易歸納法一覽表 130
表A-2-3-2:四項因子之Friedman Test一覽表 131
表A-2-3-3:金錢與名聲之等級轉換計算表 132
表A-2-3-4:金錢與名聲之Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum Test一覽表 133
表A-2-3-5:金錢與交情之等級轉換計算表 134
表A-2-3-6:金錢與交情之Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum Test一覽表 135
表A-2-3-7:金錢與互惠之等級轉換計算表 136
表A-2-3-8:金錢與互惠之Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum Test一覽表 137
表A-2-3-9:名聲與交情之等級轉換計算表 138
表A-2-3-10:名聲與交情之Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum Test一覽表 139
表A-2-3-11:名聲與互惠之等級轉換計算表 140
表A-2-3-12:名聲與互惠之Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum Test一覽表 141
表A-2-3-13:交情與互惠之等級轉換計算表 142
表A-2-3-14:交情與互惠之Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum Test一覽表 143
表A-2-3-15:Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum Test臨界值簡表 144
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dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0092359027en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 知識管理zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 企業概念傘zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 雙軌生涯制度zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 知識創造zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 能耐積蓄zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) knowledge managementen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) concept umbrellaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) dual career ladderen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) knowledge creationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) capability buildingen_US
dc.title (題名) 軟體公司知識創造與能耐積蓄之平台建構zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 英文部分zh_TW
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