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題名 關係鑲嵌性與子公司興業導向關係之研究
The Relationship between Relational Embeddedness and Subsidiary’s Entrepreneurial Orientation
作者 蔡政安
Tsai, Cheng-An
貢獻者 溫肇東
蔡政安
Tsai, Cheng-An
關鍵詞 關係鑲嵌性
創業精神
公司興業精神
社會網絡
多國企業子公司
relational embeddedness
entrepreneurship
cioporate entrepreneurship
social netwok
multinational enterprise subsidiary
日期 2005
上傳時間 18-Sep-2009 09:34:17 (UTC+8)
摘要 創業精神的研究對象概可分為新創企業及已奠基廠商，本研究是關注已奠基廠商的創業行為研究，稱為公司興業精神研究。此研究的主軸是興業精神行為模式，此模式是以興業導向衡量公司興業精神，主要在探討公司興業精神與廠商績效的關聯，過去二十多年來在許多學者的努力下已有豐碩的理論發展與實證成果。然此類研究也遇到發展瓶頸，因而學者建議此類研究應往國際化活動或是結合社會網絡觀點發展。
本研究是以興業精神行為模式為基礎，結合社會網絡觀點中的關係鑲嵌性概念，經由文獻回顧歸納出影響多國企業子公司興業精神的關係鑲嵌性包括母子公司間公司鑲嵌性、顧客關係鑲嵌性、供應商關係鑲嵌性及政府單位關係鑲嵌性，探討不同關係鑲嵌性與多國企業子公司興業導向的關聯。
經由個案訪談及問卷調查方法，對台灣企業在大陸子公司的230位經理人進行調查，以統計方法檢定各項假說，並再對未符合預期的假說進行較深入探索性分析，研究結果發現：（1）多國企業子公司興業導向與顧客關係鑲嵌性有導U字型關聯，（2）多國企業子公司興業導向與供應商關係鑲嵌性有導U字型關聯，（3）多國企業子公司興業導向與政府單位關係鑲嵌性無關聯，（4）多國企業子公司興業導向與母子公司間關係鑲嵌性有正向關聯。此結果顯示在社會網絡理論中的重要觀點：「平衡網絡」或是「過度鑲嵌」，會在多國企業子公司的興業精神中發生，換言之，本研究證實與顧客或供應商過度鑲嵌時，會不利於子公司興業精神行為。
本研究同時也探討環境中的政策不確定性、產業不確定性及競爭不確定性與子公司興業導向的關聯，研究結果顯示：（5）多國企業子公司興業導向與政策不確定性有正向關聯，（6）多國企業子公司興業導向與產業不確定性無關聯，（7）多國企業子公司興業導向與競爭不確定性有正向關聯。研究結果顯示：在面對政策上的不確定或是競爭上的不確定時，多國企業子公司會發揮更高的興業精神來因應此環境下的變動。
最後，本研究依理論架構與實證發現，提出研究的理論貢獻、實務意涵及後續研究的建議，使未來研究能彌補理論發展或是實證研究的不足。
Research on corporate entrepreneurship(CE) has grown rapidly over the past decades. Both scholars and practitioners remain interested in studying and better understanding CE(Ireland, Kuratko & Covins, 2002).CE has bees viewed as the driver of new business and economic growth within on-going enterprises as achieved through innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking(Miller, 1983; Covin & Slevin, 1989e), new business venturing (Burgelman, 1983b, Guth & Ginsberg, 1990; Zahra, 1995), self-renewal(Guth & Ginsberg, 1990; Zahra, 1995; Shama & Chrisma, 1999), opportunity pursuit(Stevenson & Jarillo, 1990; Shane & Vankataraman, 2000), etc. CE can be important not only for small and medium size enterprises but also for large corporation(Antocic & Hisrich, 2001).
The previous research mainly focused on the relationship between CE and firm performance and generated an study axial of entrepreneurship behavior model that used measures as the firm entrepreneurial orientation(Covin & Slevin, 1989, 1991; Zahra, 1996,1996; Lumpkin & Dess, 1996). Although this kind of research has come out with valuable theoretical concepts and rich empirical results, it till encounters the bottleneck of research. Some scholars suggested that CE research should be extended to international business activities or include the social network perspective(Zehra et. al. , 2003).
Approximately 15 years ago, research on networks emerged as an important new era of inquiring within the field of entrepreneurship, but published papers on journals were relatively few and mainly focused on the development and consequences of networks in the new venture creation process, or focused on small medium-sized firms(Hoang & Antocic, 2003). There was lack of the network perspective research on the established firm in the field of entrepreneurship.
This research extended entrepreneurship into international activities and conducted an empirical study on multinational enterprise’s subsidiaries with relational embeddedness of social network perspective. Through the literature review and case study, we generated a research framework and a set of hypothesis which described the relationships between relational embeddedness and subsidiary’s entrepreneurial orientation. We collected data and used statistical tool to verify the hypothesis. Besides, we conducted an exploratory analysis on some field of what hypotheses were not supported to further understand how relational embeddedness influence the entrepreneurial behavior in the subsidiaries of multinational enterprises.
This research finds that (1)there exists the inverse U shape relationship between the customer relational embeddedness and subsidiary’s entrepreneurial orientation, (2)there exists the inverse U shape relationship between the supplier relational embeddedness and subsidiary’s entrepreneurial orientation, (3)there exists no relationship between government relational embeddedness and subsidiary’s entrepreneurial orientation, (4)there exists the positive association between the mother-subsidiary relational embeddedness and subsidiary’s entrepreneurial orientation. This results imply that the important phenomenon of balance network or over embeddedness be exactly happen in the filed of subsidiary’s entrepreneurial behavior. Our study verified that over embeddedness will negatively influence the entrepreneurship of subsidiary, especially over embeddedness with customers or suppliers.
This research also searched the relationship between the environmental uncertainties and subsidiary’s entrepreneurial orientation. This result finds that (5) there exists positive association between the policy uncertainty and subsidiary’s entrepreneurial orientation, (6) there exists non-association between the industry uncertainty and subsidiary’s entrepreneurial orientation,(7) there exists positive association between the competitive uncertainty and subsidiary’s entrepreneurial orientation. This imply the subsidiary will advance his entrepreneurial behavior to overcome the environmental uncertainty or pursuit the business opportunities in the dynamic change.
Finally this research proposed the theoretical contribution, practitioner implications and further research suggestions
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描述 博士
國立政治大學
科技管理研究所
89359501
94
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0893595011
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 溫肇東zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 蔡政安zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Tsai, Cheng-Anen_US
dc.creator (作者) 蔡政安zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Tsai, Cheng-Anen_US
dc.date (日期) 2005en_US
dc.date.accessioned 18-Sep-2009 09:34:17 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 18-Sep-2009 09:34:17 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 18-Sep-2009 09:34:17 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0893595011en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/34358-
dc.description (描述) 博士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 科技管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 89359501zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 94zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 創業精神的研究對象概可分為新創企業及已奠基廠商，本研究是關注已奠基廠商的創業行為研究，稱為公司興業精神研究。此研究的主軸是興業精神行為模式，此模式是以興業導向衡量公司興業精神，主要在探討公司興業精神與廠商績效的關聯，過去二十多年來在許多學者的努力下已有豐碩的理論發展與實證成果。然此類研究也遇到發展瓶頸，因而學者建議此類研究應往國際化活動或是結合社會網絡觀點發展。
本研究是以興業精神行為模式為基礎，結合社會網絡觀點中的關係鑲嵌性概念，經由文獻回顧歸納出影響多國企業子公司興業精神的關係鑲嵌性包括母子公司間公司鑲嵌性、顧客關係鑲嵌性、供應商關係鑲嵌性及政府單位關係鑲嵌性，探討不同關係鑲嵌性與多國企業子公司興業導向的關聯。
經由個案訪談及問卷調查方法，對台灣企業在大陸子公司的230位經理人進行調查，以統計方法檢定各項假說，並再對未符合預期的假說進行較深入探索性分析，研究結果發現：（1）多國企業子公司興業導向與顧客關係鑲嵌性有導U字型關聯，（2）多國企業子公司興業導向與供應商關係鑲嵌性有導U字型關聯，（3）多國企業子公司興業導向與政府單位關係鑲嵌性無關聯，（4）多國企業子公司興業導向與母子公司間關係鑲嵌性有正向關聯。此結果顯示在社會網絡理論中的重要觀點：「平衡網絡」或是「過度鑲嵌」，會在多國企業子公司的興業精神中發生，換言之，本研究證實與顧客或供應商過度鑲嵌時，會不利於子公司興業精神行為。
本研究同時也探討環境中的政策不確定性、產業不確定性及競爭不確定性與子公司興業導向的關聯，研究結果顯示：（5）多國企業子公司興業導向與政策不確定性有正向關聯，（6）多國企業子公司興業導向與產業不確定性無關聯，（7）多國企業子公司興業導向與競爭不確定性有正向關聯。研究結果顯示：在面對政策上的不確定或是競爭上的不確定時，多國企業子公司會發揮更高的興業精神來因應此環境下的變動。
最後，本研究依理論架構與實證發現，提出研究的理論貢獻、實務意涵及後續研究的建議，使未來研究能彌補理論發展或是實證研究的不足。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Research on corporate entrepreneurship(CE) has grown rapidly over the past decades. Both scholars and practitioners remain interested in studying and better understanding CE(Ireland, Kuratko & Covins, 2002).CE has bees viewed as the driver of new business and economic growth within on-going enterprises as achieved through innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking(Miller, 1983; Covin & Slevin, 1989e), new business venturing (Burgelman, 1983b, Guth & Ginsberg, 1990; Zahra, 1995), self-renewal(Guth & Ginsberg, 1990; Zahra, 1995; Shama & Chrisma, 1999), opportunity pursuit(Stevenson & Jarillo, 1990; Shane & Vankataraman, 2000), etc. CE can be important not only for small and medium size enterprises but also for large corporation(Antocic & Hisrich, 2001).
The previous research mainly focused on the relationship between CE and firm performance and generated an study axial of entrepreneurship behavior model that used measures as the firm entrepreneurial orientation(Covin & Slevin, 1989, 1991; Zahra, 1996,1996; Lumpkin & Dess, 1996). Although this kind of research has come out with valuable theoretical concepts and rich empirical results, it till encounters the bottleneck of research. Some scholars suggested that CE research should be extended to international business activities or include the social network perspective(Zehra et. al. , 2003).
Approximately 15 years ago, research on networks emerged as an important new era of inquiring within the field of entrepreneurship, but published papers on journals were relatively few and mainly focused on the development and consequences of networks in the new venture creation process, or focused on small medium-sized firms(Hoang & Antocic, 2003). There was lack of the network perspective research on the established firm in the field of entrepreneurship.
This research extended entrepreneurship into international activities and conducted an empirical study on multinational enterprise’s subsidiaries with relational embeddedness of social network perspective. Through the literature review and case study, we generated a research framework and a set of hypothesis which described the relationships between relational embeddedness and subsidiary’s entrepreneurial orientation. We collected data and used statistical tool to verify the hypothesis. Besides, we conducted an exploratory analysis on some field of what hypotheses were not supported to further understand how relational embeddedness influence the entrepreneurial behavior in the subsidiaries of multinational enterprises.
This research finds that (1)there exists the inverse U shape relationship between the customer relational embeddedness and subsidiary’s entrepreneurial orientation, (2)there exists the inverse U shape relationship between the supplier relational embeddedness and subsidiary’s entrepreneurial orientation, (3)there exists no relationship between government relational embeddedness and subsidiary’s entrepreneurial orientation, (4)there exists the positive association between the mother-subsidiary relational embeddedness and subsidiary’s entrepreneurial orientation. This results imply that the important phenomenon of balance network or over embeddedness be exactly happen in the filed of subsidiary’s entrepreneurial behavior. Our study verified that over embeddedness will negatively influence the entrepreneurship of subsidiary, especially over embeddedness with customers or suppliers.
This research also searched the relationship between the environmental uncertainties and subsidiary’s entrepreneurial orientation. This result finds that (5) there exists positive association between the policy uncertainty and subsidiary’s entrepreneurial orientation, (6) there exists non-association between the industry uncertainty and subsidiary’s entrepreneurial orientation,(7) there exists positive association between the competitive uncertainty and subsidiary’s entrepreneurial orientation. This imply the subsidiary will advance his entrepreneurial behavior to overcome the environmental uncertainty or pursuit the business opportunities in the dynamic change.
Finally this research proposed the theoretical contribution, practitioner implications and further research suggestions		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章、緒論 1
第一節、研究動機 2
第二節、研究目的與研究問題 6
第三節、研究流程 7
第四節、相關名詞定義與說明 9
第二章、文獻回顧 13
第一節、公司興業精神 14
一、公司興業精神研究 14
二、公司興業精神的研究主軸 18
三、公司興業精神的實證研究 22
四、公司興業精神研究的發展方向 24
第二節、多國企業子公司興業精神 27
一、多國企業網絡觀點 27
二、多國企業研究主軸的變化 29
三、多國企業子公司興業精神 32
第三節、社會鑲嵌觀點與興業精神 35
一、社會鑲嵌觀點的理論發展 35
二、興業精神與網絡鑲嵌性 41
三、多國企業子公司的網絡鑲嵌性 45
第四節、影響公司興業精神的環境及組織因素 48
第五節、初步概念化研究架構的發展 51
第三章、個案分析與概念修正 56
第一節、個案簡介 57
一、A公司個案 57
二、B公司個案 63
三、C公司個案 68
四、D公司個案 74
第二節、跨個案分析與概念修正 79
一、個案廠商概況 79
二、個案廠商的子公司興業導向 80
三、個案廠商的母子公司間關係鑲嵌 82
四、個案廠商的子公司地區關係鑲嵌 84
五、個案廠商的子公司環境 85
六、跨個案比較 87
第四章、研究設計 88
第一節、修正後的概念性研究架構 88
第二節、研究假說的建立 90
一、母子公司間關係鑲嵌性與子公司興業導向的關係 90
二、地區關係鑲嵌性與子公司興業導向的關係 94
三、環境不確定性與子公司興業導向的關係 97
第三節、研究變數的衡量 99
一、興業導向的衡量 99
二、母子公司間關係鑲嵌性的衡量 100
三、地區關係鑲嵌性的衡量 102
四、環境不確定性的衡量 103
第四節、研究對象與資料蒐集 105
一、研究對象的選擇 105
二、問卷發展與資料蒐集 105
第五節、信度、效度與統計方法 107
一、信度與效度 107
二、統計檢測分析方法 108

第五章、實證結果分析與討論 110
第一節、樣本敘述 110
第二節、變數的信度與效度分析 116
第三節、影響興業導向的實證分析 119
一、關係鑲嵌性、環境不確定性與興業導向的關係 120
二、其他控制變數的影響分析 129
第四節、影響子公司不同興業導向的探索性分析 132
第五節、分析彙總與討論 142
第六章、結論與建議 151
第一節、研究結論 151
第二節、研究的理論貢獻 154
第三節、研究的實務意涵 160
第四節、研究限制 162
第五節、後續研究建議 164

參考文獻 168
一、中文部分 168
二、英文部分 170
附錄一：「關係鑲嵌性與子公司興業導向關係之研究」問卷 189
附錄二：隨機抽取46筆數據的分析結果 195		zh_TW
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dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0893595011en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 關係鑲嵌性zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 創業精神zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 公司興業精神zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會網絡zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 多國企業子公司zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) relational embeddednessen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) entrepreneurshipen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) cioporate entrepreneurshipen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) social netwoken_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) multinational enterprise subsidiaryen_US
dc.title (題名) 關係鑲嵌性與子公司興業導向關係之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Relationship between Relational Embeddedness and Subsidiary’s Entrepreneurial Orientationen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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