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題名 整合性製造管理資訊系統開發之研究
作者 祝天雄
貢獻者 姜國輝
祝天雄
關鍵詞 同步工程
企業應用整合
中介軟體
資訊服務網
產品資料管理
PLM
EAI
Middleware
Web Services
Zachman Framework
日期 2002
上傳時間 18-九月-2009 15:08:35 (UTC+8)
摘要 本論文旨在探討以產品資料標準格式及資訊技術與工具，發展資訊整合模式，其目標是連結電腦輔助設計與電腦輔助製造功能，並結合產品資料管理共用資料庫及型態管理作業，達到同步管理，以實現同步工程作業。資訊整合使自研發、設計、製程規劃、及製造之電腦輔助作業的資料得以連結及共用，形成共通性資訊作業環境，有效提昇產品開發與製造之同步流程管理。為達此一目的，必須以符合國際產品資料表示與交換標準定義整合運作系統所使用的產品共通性資料，以利在電子化環境下，企業體內之上下游廠商可透過此標準定義配合網際網路技術，分享彼此產品資料管理系統中的產品資料，降低資料交換的誤差，並加速產品資料交換的速度。本研究以探討XML及STEP為基礎，首先分析產品生命週期管理之資訊需求，就設計、製程規劃、及製造管理之不同系統，釐清資料管理之資料表達規範，其次以IDEF方法進行產品資料管理之流程分析，並以Zachman資訊系統基礎架構框架各觀點進行資訊需求及架構分析，最後以國防工業體系之中心工廠為例，進行個案實証研究探討資料整合模式與流程分析之可行方法。
研究結果發現，提出三點建議供企業實行資訊整合之參考：
一、 企業流程再造BPR是工作流程、組織結構、資訊技術及工作內容等之合理化與重新設計，使績效大幅改善。
二、 雖有大量投資，但整合後系統的顧客價值不一定增加，例如：業務模式無法吸引更多的客戶時，系統整合後的價值也不一定增加。電腦系統整合的困難度應有企業內充分且全面性溝通的時間。
三、 將所有的資訊應用建置於同一超級資訊平台上作業，很難做到。分散式應用程式讓企業在建置資訊系統時不論在採購上或建置上都更為彈性，企業可依需要不斷的擴充系統，而不需在初期即一次購足。資訊服務網（Web Services）的發展促使企業應用整合EAI技術能滿足此一需求。
本研究係以應用於國防工業體系之中心工廠整合性製造管理資訊系統發展模式為例，國防工業是軍公民營企業合作發展模式，其具有穩定、不易外移、及能帶動相關產業發展之特性，相關產業的資訊整合均面對類似的問題。期能藉由本研究之結果，提供企業進行資訊整合時之參考，使其產品資料能於電子化環境中即時而正確地共用與分享。
In today’s economy, product lifecycle has been significantly shortened. All manufactures are faced with the challenge of making high quality products within a short product introduction time while reducing costs as low as possible. Product lifecycle management （PLM）is an emerging solution and information integration is a core to address this challenge. Without an efficient methodology to integrate data and processes, PLM would be impossible.
This research explores thus the methodology and IT requirement for the integrated product manufacturing information management system, with the following research goals:
1. To investigate the methodology needed by manufacturing companies to implement the integrated product manufacturing information management system to achieve PLM.
2. To investigate the information integration framework for the integrated product manufacturing information management system.
Based on analytic method originated from Zachman Framework, this research conducted a case study on a defense industry. The core of this case study is to identify the Framework provides a means for organizing the models of Enterprise Applications Integration (EAI) into useful categories. Model is composed of multiple modeling methods integrated in a way that is sufficient to describe the system. The main models are：
(1). Information models for the representation of product data are being developed as an international standard (ISO 10303) informally called STEP. STEP (STandard for the Exchange of Product model data) is designed to enable the exchange of product data between heterogeneous computer systems used throughout the product life cycle.
(2). A neutral model of engineering and management data, developed based on the eXtensible Markup Language (XML), can be a standard interchangeable information representation for manufacturing information integration in PLM, and is developed in this research.
(3). During several of the BPR steps, the critical process pieces are identified and designed together using IDEF Models.
A last, with respect to enterprise information technology integration, this research comes to the conclusions as follows:
1. The primary goal of a BPR effort is to document the current and future business process and to ensure stakeholder buy-in and support.
2. Enterprise information integration is still relatively new, and its best practices are not fully disseminated, which helps to explain why Zachman Framework and analysis tools are important.
3. Since the structure of the data changes too rapidly, integration at the physical source level does not work. Web Services provide a distributed computing technology for revealing the business services of applications on the Internet or intranet using standard XML protocols and formats. It enables EAI to be an ongoing process of creating a flexible, standardized enterprise infrastructure that allows new IT-based applications and business processes to be easily and efficiently deployed.
參考文獻 中文部份
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[3]. 金雄、張克章、黃源樹、黃亮宇（1997），「IDEF0方法運用在財務作業流程改造之研究」，第十界全國自動化科技學術研討會，中興大學工學院機械系主辦，台中市，民八六年，833-840頁。
[4]. 林玉凡（2001），「EB前瞻產品-企業應用程式整合(EAI)產品之探討」，資策會。
[5]. 周宣光（2004），政大EMBA「產業電子化」課程講義。
[6]. 吳思華(2001) ，用創新(innovation)打造優質企業，世界經理文摘。
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[8]. 季延平等（2004），管理資訊系統，台北市，旗標出版公司，第六章。
[9]. 姜國輝、陳冠竹、鍾豐謙（2001），資訊產業供應網路管理與資料交換之電子化，資訊管理研究，第三卷，第二期，四月，頁16-41。
[10]. 姜國輝（2003），政大EMBA「知識經濟與知識管理」課程講義。
[11]. 祝天雄（1998）,產品資料管理(PDM):加速產品開發與製造流程的利器, 國際製造工程學會中華民國分會專刊2, 15-19頁, 民87年12月。
[12]. 祝天雄， (2004) 「應用供應鏈作業參考模式於運籌流程設計之研究」， 2004運籌研討會，台灣運籌管理學會。
[13]. 曹延傑（1990），專案管理，台北市，格致國書有限公司
[14]. 鄧成連（1999），設計管理，產品設計之組織與運作，台北市，亞太國書出版社
[15]. 彭定國(1998)，「企業成功導入PDM系統之捷徑」， 資訊應用導航CALS季刊。
[16]. 楊幼蘭譯（Hammer & Champy 原著），「改造企業－再生策略的藍本」，民八十三年，台北，牛頓出版社。
英文部份
[1]. Badii, A. and Sharif A.（2003）, “Information Management and Knowledge Integration for Enterprise Innovation”,Logistics Information Management, Vol.16, No.2, pp.145-155.
[2]. Case, K. and Gao, J. （1993）, “Feature Technology - An Overview”, International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Vol.6, No.1, 2, pp.2-12.
[3]. Champy James（1995） , Reengineering Management, New York: HarperCollins Publishers.
[4]. Chu, T. H. and Lee C. H.（1999）, “CIM Management in System Manufacturing Center”, Concurrent Engineering Seminar, October 19-20, pp.73-82.
[5]. Chu, Tien-Hsiung（2000）, "An Object-Oriented Approach to Process Planning for Machining Systems", AUTOMATION 2000 Conference, May 9-11, pp.1099-1106.
[6]. Chu, T. H., Wang, C. T., Wan J.Y., and Juh J. H（2001）, “Building an information management model of CIM by BPR approach”, Logistics 2001: International Conference on Integrated Logistics , pp.247-253, Aug. 21-24, Singapore.
[7]. CIMdata（1997）, ”Product Data Management: The Definition, An Introduction to Concept, Benefits, and Terminology”.
[8]. Cooper, R. G. (1994), “Perspective: Third-generation new product processes,” Journal of Product Innovation Management, 11, 3-14.
[9]. Davenport, T. H. and Short, J. E.（1990）, “The New Industrial Engineering: Information Technology and Business Process Redesign“ Sloan Management Review , pp.11-27.
[10]. Davenport T.（1993）, Process Innovation – Reengineering Workthrough Information Technology, Boston：Harvard Business School.
[11]. Guha S., Kettinger W. and Ting J. （1993）, “Business Process Reengineering：Building a Comprehensive Methodology”, Information System Management, Vol.10, pp. 13-22.
[12]. Halevi, G. （1980）, The role of computers in manufacturing processes, John Wiley.
[13]. Hammer Michael and James Champy（1993）, “Reengineering the Corporation – A Manifesto for Business Revolution”, Nicholas Breadley, London.
[14]. Handfield, B. R., G. L. Ragatz, Kenneth J. Petersen, and R. M. Monczka (1999), “Involving suppliers in new product development,” California Management Review, 42(4), 59-82.
[15]. ISO 10303-1:1994, Industrial Automation Systems and Integration-Product Data Representation and Exchange-Part 1:Description Methods; Overview and Fundamental Principles.
[16]. Kemmerer, S., ed.（1999）, “STEP”, NIST SP 939, http://www.mel.nist.gov/msidlibrary/publicationshtml.
[17]. Kuczmarski, T. D. (1992), Managing New Products: The Power of Innovation, 2nd edition, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc..
[18]. Liau, J. S., Young, R. E. and O’Grady, P.（1995）, “Combining Process Planning and Concurrent Engineering to Support Printed Circuit Board Assembly,” Computers ind. Engng., Vo1. 28, No. 3, pp. 615-629.
[19]. Losavio, F., Ortega, D. and Pérez, M. （2005），” Comparison of EAI Frameworks”， in Journal of Object Technology, vol. 4, no. 4, May-June 2005, pp. 93-11.
[20]. Mayer Richard J. and Paula S. deWitte（1998） , Business Process Reengineering, New York: Kluwer.
[21]. National Institute of Standards and Technology（2003）, “Integration Definition for Function Modeling （IDEF0）”, Federal Information Processing Standard（FIPS）Publications（1993）.
[22]. Nambisan S. （2003）, “Information Systems As A Reference Discipline For New Product Development”, MIS Quarterly, Vol.27, No.1, pp.1-11.
[23]. Parsaei, H. R. and Jamshid, M.（1995）, “DESIGN and IMPLEMENTATION of INTELLIGENT MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS”, Prentice Hall.
[24]. Peak, R. S., Lubell, J., Srinivasan, V. and Waterbury, S.（2004）, “STEP, XML, and UML: Complementary Technologies”, J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng., Vol.4, pp.379-390.
[25]. Porter M.E. （1985）, “Competitive Advantage：Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance”, Free Press, New York.
[26]. Prasad, B., Morenct, R. S. and Rangan, R. M.（1993）, “Information Management for Concurrent Engineering Research Issues,” Concurrent Engineering: Research and Applications, Vol. 1, pp.3-20.
[27]. Prasad, Biren（1996）, Concurrent Engineering Fundamentals-Integrated Product and Process Organization, Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
[28]. Prasad, B.（1996）, “Toward Definition of a Concurrent Product Design, Development, and Delivery (PD3) System,” Concurrent Engineering: Research and Applications, Vol. 4, No. 2.
[29]. Pratt, M. J.（2001）, “Introduction to 10303-the STEP Standard for Product Data Exchange”, J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng., Vol.1, No.1, pp.102-103.
[30]. Qiao, G. and McLean C.(2004), “Manufacturing Information Integration in Product Lifecycle”, Proceedings of DETC’04, Sept. 28-Oct. 2, 2004, USA.
[31]. Scheer,A. W., Loos, P. and Klabunde, S. （1997）, “ARIS –House of Engineering – Business Practice and Approaches in the R&D Stage,” The European Conference on Integration in Manufacturing – IiM, pp. 409 –419.
[32]. Song, X. M. and M. Weiss (1998), “Critical development activities for really new versus incremental products,” Journal of Product Innovation Management, 15, 124-135.
[33]. Tsuda, Y.（1995）, “QFD Models for Concurrent Engineering Development Processes of Automobiles,” Concurrent Engineering: Research and Applications, Vol. 3, No. 3.
[34]. Veryzer, R. W. (1998), “Discontinuous innovation and the new product development process,” Journal of Product Innovation Management, 304-321.
[35]. Zachman, John A(1987). “A Framework for Information Systems Architecture.” IBM Systems Journal 26 （No.3）, [IBM Publication G321-5298. 914-945-3836 or 14-945-2018 fax.]
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)
91932611
91
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0919326111
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 姜國輝zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (作者) 祝天雄zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 祝天雄zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2002en_US
dc.date.accessioned 18-九月-2009 15:08:35 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 18-九月-2009 15:08:35 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 18-九月-2009 15:08:35 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0919326111en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/35489-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 91932611zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 91zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本論文旨在探討以產品資料標準格式及資訊技術與工具，發展資訊整合模式，其目標是連結電腦輔助設計與電腦輔助製造功能，並結合產品資料管理共用資料庫及型態管理作業，達到同步管理，以實現同步工程作業。資訊整合使自研發、設計、製程規劃、及製造之電腦輔助作業的資料得以連結及共用，形成共通性資訊作業環境，有效提昇產品開發與製造之同步流程管理。為達此一目的，必須以符合國際產品資料表示與交換標準定義整合運作系統所使用的產品共通性資料，以利在電子化環境下，企業體內之上下游廠商可透過此標準定義配合網際網路技術，分享彼此產品資料管理系統中的產品資料，降低資料交換的誤差，並加速產品資料交換的速度。本研究以探討XML及STEP為基礎，首先分析產品生命週期管理之資訊需求，就設計、製程規劃、及製造管理之不同系統，釐清資料管理之資料表達規範，其次以IDEF方法進行產品資料管理之流程分析，並以Zachman資訊系統基礎架構框架各觀點進行資訊需求及架構分析，最後以國防工業體系之中心工廠為例，進行個案實証研究探討資料整合模式與流程分析之可行方法。
研究結果發現，提出三點建議供企業實行資訊整合之參考：
一、 企業流程再造BPR是工作流程、組織結構、資訊技術及工作內容等之合理化與重新設計，使績效大幅改善。
二、 雖有大量投資，但整合後系統的顧客價值不一定增加，例如：業務模式無法吸引更多的客戶時，系統整合後的價值也不一定增加。電腦系統整合的困難度應有企業內充分且全面性溝通的時間。
三、 將所有的資訊應用建置於同一超級資訊平台上作業，很難做到。分散式應用程式讓企業在建置資訊系統時不論在採購上或建置上都更為彈性，企業可依需要不斷的擴充系統，而不需在初期即一次購足。資訊服務網（Web Services）的發展促使企業應用整合EAI技術能滿足此一需求。
本研究係以應用於國防工業體系之中心工廠整合性製造管理資訊系統發展模式為例，國防工業是軍公民營企業合作發展模式，其具有穩定、不易外移、及能帶動相關產業發展之特性，相關產業的資訊整合均面對類似的問題。期能藉由本研究之結果，提供企業進行資訊整合時之參考，使其產品資料能於電子化環境中即時而正確地共用與分享。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) In today’s economy, product lifecycle has been significantly shortened. All manufactures are faced with the challenge of making high quality products within a short product introduction time while reducing costs as low as possible. Product lifecycle management （PLM）is an emerging solution and information integration is a core to address this challenge. Without an efficient methodology to integrate data and processes, PLM would be impossible.
This research explores thus the methodology and IT requirement for the integrated product manufacturing information management system, with the following research goals:
1. To investigate the methodology needed by manufacturing companies to implement the integrated product manufacturing information management system to achieve PLM.
2. To investigate the information integration framework for the integrated product manufacturing information management system.
Based on analytic method originated from Zachman Framework, this research conducted a case study on a defense industry. The core of this case study is to identify the Framework provides a means for organizing the models of Enterprise Applications Integration (EAI) into useful categories. Model is composed of multiple modeling methods integrated in a way that is sufficient to describe the system. The main models are：
(1). Information models for the representation of product data are being developed as an international standard (ISO 10303) informally called STEP. STEP (STandard for the Exchange of Product model data) is designed to enable the exchange of product data between heterogeneous computer systems used throughout the product life cycle.
(2). A neutral model of engineering and management data, developed based on the eXtensible Markup Language (XML), can be a standard interchangeable information representation for manufacturing information integration in PLM, and is developed in this research.
(3). During several of the BPR steps, the critical process pieces are identified and designed together using IDEF Models.
A last, with respect to enterprise information technology integration, this research comes to the conclusions as follows:
1. The primary goal of a BPR effort is to document the current and future business process and to ensure stakeholder buy-in and support.
2. Enterprise information integration is still relatively new, and its best practices are not fully disseminated, which helps to explain why Zachman Framework and analysis tools are important.
3. Since the structure of the data changes too rapidly, integration at the physical source level does not work. Web Services provide a distributed computing technology for revealing the business services of applications on the Internet or intranet using standard XML protocols and formats. It enables EAI to be an ongoing process of creating a flexible, standardized enterprise infrastructure that allows new IT-based applications and business processes to be easily and efficiently deployed.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章緒論.....................................................1
1.1 研究背景與動機............................................ 1
1.2 研究目的與範圍............................................ 3
1.3 研究流程.................................................. 5
第二章文獻探討.................................................6
2.1 產品生命週期管理需求...................................... 6
2.1.1 產品生命週期........................................... .7
2.1.2 同步工程................................................ 9
2.1.3 產品資料管理.......................................... .10
2.1.4 產品規劃管理.......................................... .12
2.1.5 產品設計管理.......................................... .13
2.1.6 製造程序規劃.......................................... .14
2.1.7 生產製造管理.......................................... .19
2.2 PLM 之資訊管理需求....................................... 23
2.2.1 流程管理............................................... 23
2.2.2 專案管理............................................... 26
2.2.3 資訊與知識管理......................................... 28
2.2.4 協同與通訊............................................ .29
2.3 資料交換標準............................................. 31
2.3.1 產品模式資料交換標準(STEP) ............................ 31
2.3.2 延伸性標示語言XML..................................... .36
2.4 資訊整合方法............................................. 38
2.4.1 中介軟體............................................... 39
2.4.2 企業應用整合........................................... 41
2.4.3 系統整合的新發展....................................... 43
2.4.4 PLM 資訊整合........................................... 45
2.5 文獻探討結論............................................. 46
第三章研究方法................................................48
3.1 ZACHMAN FRAMEWORK 概念................................... 48
3.2 流程分析方法與工具....................................... 50
3.3 資訊整合架構與技術....................................... 52
3.3.1 工程應用整合.......................................... .52
3.3.2 ERP 與PDM 整合....................................... ..53
3.4 研究方法結論............................................. 55
第四章個案分析................................................57
4.1 個案組織簡介............................................. 57
4.2 系統整合專案............................................. 59
4.2.1 流程再造.............................................. .59
4.2.2 管理資訊系統專案....................................... 61
4.2.3 工程資料管理整合...................................... .70
4.2.4 工程資料管理與製造管理整合............................ .78
4.3 個案結論與建議........................................... 86
第五章結論與未來研究方向......................................91
5.1 結論..................................................... 91
5.2 未來研究方向............................................. 93
參考文獻......................................................94		zh_TW
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dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0919326111en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 同步工程zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 企業應用整合zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中介軟體zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 資訊服務網zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 產品資料管理zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) PLMen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) EAIen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Middlewareen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Web Servicesen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Zachman Frameworken_US
dc.title (題名) 整合性製造管理資訊系統開發之研究zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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