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題名 老年人寂寞之相關因素的模式探討
作者 林千立
貢獻者 林美珍
林千立
關鍵詞 老年人
寂寞
人格特質
社會關係數量
社會供應
自覺健康狀況
結構方程模式
elderly
loneliness
personality traits
quantity of social relationship
self-perceived health status
social provision
structural equation model
日期 2008
上傳時間 19-九月-2009 11:56:15 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究旨在探討老年人寂寞及其相關因素模式。主要目的為：一、編擬老年人寂寞量表，以測量老年人寂寞。二、瞭解我國老年人的寂寞現況並比較不同背景變項之老年人在寂寞上的差異情形。三、建立人格特質（神經質與外向性）、自覺健康狀況、社會關係數量、社會供應（情緒共同感、價值肯定、社會共同感）與寂寞（情緒性寂寞與社會性寂寞）之間的結構方程模式，以瞭解變項之間的路徑關係。
為逹以上目的，本研究採用問卷調查法，以702位老年人為研究對象，施以「人格特質量表」、「社會關係量表」、「自覺健康狀況量表」，修訂之「社會供應量表」、自編之「老年人寂寞量表」等量表，並以描述性統計分析、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、結構方程模式進行統計分析。研究發現：1.老年人寂寞量表經因素分析，可區分為情緒性寂寞與社會性寂寞。2.我國老年人的寂寞程度為中度偏低，社會性寂寞顯著高於情緒性寂寞。3.不同年齡、性別、婚姻狀況、參與社團與居住狀況的老年人在寂寞上有顯著差異。4.去除解釋力低的自覺健康狀況，人格特質、社會關係數量、社會供應與寂寞所建構之結構方程模式的適配度獲得支持，可以有效解釋相關變項間的關聯性。
最後本研究根據研究結果進行討論，並對諮商實務及未來研究提出建議。
The purpose of this study was to develop a 「Loneliness Scale for the Elderly」 and to explore loneliness and related factors in the elderly. Moreover, this study created the structural equation model of personality traits（neuroticis / extraversion）、quantity of social relationship、self-perceived health status、social provision（emotional togetherness / reassurance of worth / social togetherness）and loneliness（emotional loneliness / social loneliness）in the elderly, which served the purpose of illustrating the linear structural relationships among the relevant variables.
The participants in this study were 702 elderly people in Taiwan. Research instruments included Personality Traits Scale、Quantity of Social Relationship Scale、Self-perceived Health Status Scale、Social Provision Scale, and Loneliness Scale for the Elderly. The collected data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and structural equation model.
The findings were as follows: 1. Two factors were extracted from the Loneliness Scale for the Elderly by factor analysis, they were emotional loneliness and social loneliness. 2. The level of loneliness among elderly was moderate and social loneliness is significantly higher than emotional loneliness. 3. There were significant differences in loneliness among different age groups, gender, marital status, group participations, and living arrangements. 4. The structural equation model of personality traits、quantity of social relationship、social provision and loneliness in the elderly could explain the relationship among main variables.

Based on these findings, some suggestions were made for practice and future research.
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描述 博士
國立政治大學
心理學研究所
90752504
97
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0907525042
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 林美珍zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (作者) 林千立zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 林千立zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2008en_US
dc.date.accessioned 19-九月-2009 11:56:15 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 19-九月-2009 11:56:15 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 19-九月-2009 11:56:15 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0907525042en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/37081-
dc.description (描述) 博士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 心理學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 90752504zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究旨在探討老年人寂寞及其相關因素模式。主要目的為：一、編擬老年人寂寞量表，以測量老年人寂寞。二、瞭解我國老年人的寂寞現況並比較不同背景變項之老年人在寂寞上的差異情形。三、建立人格特質（神經質與外向性）、自覺健康狀況、社會關係數量、社會供應（情緒共同感、價值肯定、社會共同感）與寂寞（情緒性寂寞與社會性寂寞）之間的結構方程模式，以瞭解變項之間的路徑關係。
為逹以上目的，本研究採用問卷調查法，以702位老年人為研究對象，施以「人格特質量表」、「社會關係量表」、「自覺健康狀況量表」，修訂之「社會供應量表」、自編之「老年人寂寞量表」等量表，並以描述性統計分析、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、結構方程模式進行統計分析。研究發現：1.老年人寂寞量表經因素分析，可區分為情緒性寂寞與社會性寂寞。2.我國老年人的寂寞程度為中度偏低，社會性寂寞顯著高於情緒性寂寞。3.不同年齡、性別、婚姻狀況、參與社團與居住狀況的老年人在寂寞上有顯著差異。4.去除解釋力低的自覺健康狀況，人格特質、社會關係數量、社會供應與寂寞所建構之結構方程模式的適配度獲得支持，可以有效解釋相關變項間的關聯性。
最後本研究根據研究結果進行討論，並對諮商實務及未來研究提出建議。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The purpose of this study was to develop a 「Loneliness Scale for the Elderly」 and to explore loneliness and related factors in the elderly. Moreover, this study created the structural equation model of personality traits（neuroticis / extraversion）、quantity of social relationship、self-perceived health status、social provision（emotional togetherness / reassurance of worth / social togetherness）and loneliness（emotional loneliness / social loneliness）in the elderly, which served the purpose of illustrating the linear structural relationships among the relevant variables.
The participants in this study were 702 elderly people in Taiwan. Research instruments included Personality Traits Scale、Quantity of Social Relationship Scale、Self-perceived Health Status Scale、Social Provision Scale, and Loneliness Scale for the Elderly. The collected data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and structural equation model.
The findings were as follows: 1. Two factors were extracted from the Loneliness Scale for the Elderly by factor analysis, they were emotional loneliness and social loneliness. 2. The level of loneliness among elderly was moderate and social loneliness is significantly higher than emotional loneliness. 3. There were significant differences in loneliness among different age groups, gender, marital status, group participations, and living arrangements. 4. The structural equation model of personality traits、quantity of social relationship、social provision and loneliness in the elderly could explain the relationship among main variables.

Based on these findings, some suggestions were made for practice and future research.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論
第一節 研究動機與目的……………………………..….......1
第二節 名詞釋義…………………….……………………....9
第二章 文獻探討
第一節 寂寞的定義、類型與理論…………….……………12
第二節 老年人背景變項在寂寞上的差異情形…………….18
第三節 老年人寂寞相關因素之分析……………………….19
第三章 研究方法
第一節 研究樣本…………………………………………….31
第二節 研究工具…………………………………………….32
第三節 社會供應量表的修訂與老年人寂寞量表的編製….35
第四節 研究架構、結構方程模式與研究假設.……………50
第五節 資料處理與統計分析.….….………………………..54
第四章 研究結果
第一節 敍述老年人寂寞現況及差異情形…….……………56
第二節 結構方程模式分析結果…………………………….59
第五章 結論、討論與建議
第一節 結論…………………………………….……………75
第二節 討論………………………………………………….78
第三節 建議………………………………………………….87
參考文獻.…..……………………………………………………90
附錄 ………………………………………………..…………….97
附錄一 研究問卷..………………………….………………97
附錄二 訪談大綱..……………….………………….…….102
附錄三 訪談程序與相關事項說明..……….……….…….103
附錄四 個別訪談同意書…………………….……………104
附錄五 訪談者基本資料..…………………………….…..105
附錄六 焦點團體訪談同意書.……………….…………...106
附錄七 焦點訪談之介紹詞………………….……….…...107
附錄八 編擬老年人寂寞量表題目.………………….…...108
附錄九 觀察變項之相關係數矩陣表……….……….…...112
附錄十 去除自覺健康狀況之模式標準化路徑係數圖….114
附錄十一 去除自覺健康狀況模式效果表…….……….…...115

表 目 錄

表3-1 個別訪談對象基本資料………………….………………31
表3-2 焦點團體訪談對象基本資料……………………….……32
表3-3 樣本特質描述分析摘要表………………………….……36
表3-4 社會供應量表之項目分析摘要表.………………………37
表3-5 社會供應量表之因素分析及信度結果…………….……39
表3-6 社會供應量表之分量表與總量表之間的相關…….……40
表3-7 老年人寂寞量表之項目分析摘要表……………….……46
表3-8 老年人寂寞量表之因素分析及信度結果...….…….……47
表3-9 老年人寂寞量表之分量表與總量表之間的相關.………48
表3-10 結構方程模式之潛在變項與觀察變…………….………52
表4-1 樣本特質描述分析摘要表………….……………………56
表4-2 老年人寂寞分析摘要表…………………………….……56
表4-3 背景變項在老年人整體及兩個寂寞之平均數、標準差
與檢定值摘要表…………………………………….……57
表4-4 觀察變項之平均數、標準差、偏態與峰度係數表….…59
表4-5 結構方程模式之直接、間接與總效果…………….……62
表5-1 研究假設與考驗結果.……………………………………75



圖 目 錄

圖3-1 研究架構…………………………….……………………50
圖3-2 結構方程模式…………………………….………………51
圖4-1 結構方程模式之標準化路徑係數圖……………….……61		zh_TW
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dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0907525042en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 老年人zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 寂寞zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 人格特質zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會關係數量zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會供應zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 自覺健康狀況zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 結構方程模式zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) elderlyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) lonelinessen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) personality traitsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) quantity of social relationshipen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) self-perceived health statusen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) social provisionen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) structural equation modelen_US
dc.title (題名) 老年人寂寞之相關因素的模式探討zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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