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題名 以Google案論中國對搜尋引擎管制之GATS規範合致性
The consistency of China`s regulation on search engine in the case of Google under GATS
作者 林怡臻
Lin, Yi Chen
貢獻者 楊光華
Yang, Guang Hwa
林怡臻
Lin, Yi Chen
關鍵詞 中國網際網路審查
搜尋引擎
Google
封鎖
服務貿易總協定
合致性
Internet censorship in China
Search engine
Google
Block
GATS
Consistency
日期 2010
上傳時間 12-四月-2012 13:55:30 (UTC+8)
摘要 西元2010年Google不滿中國對於網際網路之審查規範,因而宣布退出中國網際網路搜尋引擎市場之營運,Google認為中國網際網路之審查規範已影響自由貿易,並於同年(2010年)發表白皮書,強調政府管制網路資訊的行為會影響貿易,於附件中討論WTO服務貿易總協定應如何適用於政府限制網路資訊之措施。Google冀望美國能將此爭議訴諸於世界貿易組織之爭端解決機構;而美國貿易代表署也受Google之呼籲,著手研究將中國網路審查措施,向世界貿易組織提出爭端案件之可能。
      為了解本爭端若訴諸WTO爭端解決,美國勝訴之可能性,以及預測中國是否可能因Google案件而被迫調整其網路管制以符合WTO規範,本文討論重心將從WTO服務貿易總協定規範之角度探討Google所指摘之中國對於網際網路搜尋引擎服務之管制。
參考文獻 一、 中文書籍及期刊論文
1. 中華經濟研究院,GATS第6.4條國內規章準則之訂定與對我國法規之影響分析,2007年。
2. 張新平,世界貿易組織下之服務貿易, 1996年。
3. 張新平,WTO服務貿易國內規章有關問題之探討,《政大法學評論》,民國2009年。
4. 楊光華,金融海嘯與金融服務協定,《第十屆國際經貿法學發展學術研討會論文集》,民國2010年。
5. 羅昌發,《國際貿易法》,2010年,9月2版。
二、英文書籍及期刊論文
1. ICTSD, US Group Urges WTO Case to Bring Down Chinese Internet Firewall, Bridges Weekly Trade News Digest, Vol.14, No.3, Nov.27, 2010.
2. He , Qinglian, The Fog of Censorship: Media Control In China, Human Rights in China.(2008)
3. Mackinnon, Rebecca, Google and Internet Control in China, Congressional-Executive Commission on China, Testimony submitted for the record, March 24, 2010
4. Roseman, Daniel, The WTO and telecommunications services in China: three years on, INFO 7(2), 25, 30 (2005).
5. Statistical Office of the United Nation, ProvisIONAL CENTRAL PROduct Classification System, Department of International Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Papers Series M No.77, 1991.
6. Tai, Zixue, The Internet in China:Cyberspace and Civil Society.(2006)
7. USTR, Background Information on China`s Accession to the World Trade Organization, Dec. 11, 2001.
8. WTO, WTO Analytical Index—Guide To WTO Law And Practice(2d ed.2007)
9. Wang, Stephanie, Internet Filtering in China, Open Net Initiative, June 15, 2009.
三、WTO 官方文件
1. Appellate Body Report, European Communities — Customs Classification of Certain Computer Equipment, WT/DS62/AB/R, WT/DS67/AB/R,WT/DS68/AB/R, adopted on 22June ,1998.
2. Appellate Body Report, European Communities — Measures Affecting the Importations of Certain Poultry Product, WT/DS69/AB/R, adopted on 13 July, 1998.
3. Appellate Body Report, China—Measure Affecting Trading Rights and Distribution Services for Certain Publications and Audiovisual Entertainment Products, WT/DS363/AB/R, adopted on January 2010.
4. Appellate Body Report, Canada —Measures Affecting the Importation of Milk and the EXPORTATION of Dairy Products, WT/DS103/AB/R, WT/DS113/AB/R, adopted on13 October, 1999.
5. Japan, Schedule of Specific Commitments, GATS/SC/46, 15 April, 1994
6. Panel Report, China—Measure Affecting Trading Rights and Distribution Services for Certain Publications and Audiovisual Entertainment Products, WT/DS363/R, adopted on 12 August, 2009.
7. Panel Report , United State–Measures Affecting the Cross-Border Supply of Gambling and Betting Services, WT/DS285/R, adopted on 10 November ,2004.
8. Panel Report, Mexico — Measures Affecting Telecommunications Services, WT/DS204/R, adopted on 2 April, 2004.
9. WTO, Cross-Border Supply (Modes 1&2), Background Note by the Secretariat, S/C/W/304, 18 September, 2009.
10. WTO, Services Sectoral Classification List, Note by the Secretariat, MTN.GNS/W/120 , 10 July 1991
11. WTO, Telecommunication Services, Background Note by the Secretariat, S/C/W/74, 8 December, 1998.
12. WTO, Decision on Professional Services, S/L/3, 4 April, 1995.
13. WTO, Disciplines on Domestic Regulation Pursuant to GATS Article VI:4 Draft Second Revision, Informal Note by the Chairman, Room Document 2160, 20 March, 2009.
14. WTO, The People’s Republic of China Schedule of Specific Commitments, GATS/SC/135, 14 February, 2002.
二、 英文書籍及期刊論文
10. ICTSD, US Group Urges WTO Case to Bring Down Chinese Internet Firewall, Bridges Weekly Trade News Digest, Vol.14, No.3, Nov.27, 2010.
11. He , Qinglian, The Fog of Censorship: Media Control In China, Human Rights in China.(2008)
12. Mackinnon, Rebecca, Google and Internet Control in China, Congressional-Executive Commission on China, Testimony submitted for the record, March 24, 2010
13. Roseman, Daniel, The WTO and telecommunications services in China: three years on, INFO 7(2), 25, 30 (2005).
14. Statistical Office of the United Nation, ProvisIONAL CENTRAL PROduct Classification System, Department of International Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Papers Series M No.77, 1991.
15. Tai, Zixue, The Internet in China:Cyberspace and Civil Society.(2006)
16. USTR, Background Information on China`s Accession to the World Trade Organization, Dec. 11, 2001.
17. WTO, WTO Analytical Index—Guide To WTO Law And Practice(2d ed.2007)
18. Wang, Stephanie, Internet Filtering in China, Open Net Initiative, June 15, 2009.
四、網站資料
1. The WTO Website:http://www.wto.org
2. The Google Website:http://www.google.com.tw.
3. The BBC News Website:http://news.bbc.co.uk/
4. The New York Times:http://www.nytimes.com/
5. The Hill:http://www.thehill.com
6. The Time:http://www.time.com/time/
7. Oxford Dictionary :http://oxforddictionaries.com/
8. 中國網:http://www.china.com.cn/news
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
國際經營與貿易研究所
98351039
99
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098351039
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 楊光華zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Yang, Guang Hwaen_US
dc.contributor.author (作者) 林怡臻zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (作者) Lin, Yi Chenen_US
dc.creator (作者) 林怡臻zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Lin, Yi Chenen_US
dc.date (日期) 2010en_US
dc.date.accessioned 12-四月-2012 13:55:30 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 12-四月-2012 13:55:30 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 12-四月-2012 13:55:30 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0098351039en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/52521-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國際經營與貿易研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98351039zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 西元2010年Google不滿中國對於網際網路之審查規範,因而宣布退出中國網際網路搜尋引擎市場之營運,Google認為中國網際網路之審查規範已影響自由貿易,並於同年(2010年)發表白皮書,強調政府管制網路資訊的行為會影響貿易,於附件中討論WTO服務貿易總協定應如何適用於政府限制網路資訊之措施。Google冀望美國能將此爭議訴諸於世界貿易組織之爭端解決機構;而美國貿易代表署也受Google之呼籲,著手研究將中國網路審查措施,向世界貿易組織提出爭端案件之可能。
      為了解本爭端若訴諸WTO爭端解決,美國勝訴之可能性,以及預測中國是否可能因Google案件而被迫調整其網路管制以符合WTO規範,本文討論重心將從WTO服務貿易總協定規範之角度探討Google所指摘之中國對於網際網路搜尋引擎服務之管制。
zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 第壹章 緒論 …………………………………………………………………1
     
     第一節 研究動機和背景………………………………………………………1
     
     第二節 研究範圍與研究限制…………………………………………………1
     
     第三節 論文架構……………………………………………………………2
     
     
     第貳章 中國對網路搜尋引擎服務之管制與Google間之爭議………………… 3
     
     第一節 Google提供搜尋引擎服務……………………………………………5
     
     第二節 中國網路審查—對於中國網路搜尋引擎服務管制之規範………6
     
     第三節 Google與中國間之爭議……………………………………………13
     
     
     第叁章 Google與中國間之爭議涉及之GATS相關規範…………………………17
     
     第一節 服務貿易總協定概述………………………………………………19
     
     第二節 特定承諾……………………………………………………………23
     
     第三節 國內規章……………………………………………………………26
     
     第四節 GATS第十四條一般例外規定………………………………………35
     
     
     第肆章 中國對搜尋引擎服務管制之GATS規範合致性…………………………37
     
     第一節 中國有關搜尋引擎服務之特定承諾………………………………37
     
     第二節 中國系爭措施是否違反特定承諾…………………………………44
     
     第三節 系爭措施屬得採取之「國內規章」……………………………46
     
     第四節 系爭措施是否符合第十四條a款一般例外規定…………………50
     
     
     第伍章 結 論………………………………………………………………………52
     
     參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………55
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098351039en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中國網際網路審查zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 搜尋引擎zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Googlezh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 封鎖zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 服務貿易總協定zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 合致性zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Internet censorship in Chinaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Search engineen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Googleen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Blocken_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) GATSen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Consistencyen_US
dc.title (題名) 以Google案論中國對搜尋引擎管制之GATS規範合致性zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The consistency of China`s regulation on search engine in the case of Google under GATSen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、 中文書籍及期刊論文zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1. 中華經濟研究院,GATS第6.4條國內規章準則之訂定與對我國法規之影響分析,2007年。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2. 張新平,世界貿易組織下之服務貿易, 1996年。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 3. 張新平,WTO服務貿易國內規章有關問題之探討,《政大法學評論》,民國2009年。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 4. 楊光華,金融海嘯與金融服務協定,《第十屆國際經貿法學發展學術研討會論文集》,民國2010年。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 5. 羅昌發,《國際貿易法》,2010年,9月2版。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 二、英文書籍及期刊論文zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1. ICTSD, US Group Urges WTO Case to Bring Down Chinese Internet Firewall, Bridges Weekly Trade News Digest, Vol.14, No.3, Nov.27, 2010.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2. He , Qinglian, The Fog of Censorship: Media Control In China, Human Rights in China.(2008)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 3. Mackinnon, Rebecca, Google and Internet Control in China, Congressional-Executive Commission on China, Testimony submitted for the record, March 24, 2010zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 4. Roseman, Daniel, The WTO and telecommunications services in China: three years on, INFO 7(2), 25, 30 (2005).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 5. Statistical Office of the United Nation, ProvisIONAL CENTRAL PROduct Classification System, Department of International Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Papers Series M No.77, 1991.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 6. Tai, Zixue, The Internet in China:Cyberspace and Civil Society.(2006)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 7. USTR, Background Information on China`s Accession to the World Trade Organization, Dec. 11, 2001.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 8. WTO, WTO Analytical Index—Guide To WTO Law And Practice(2d ed.2007)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 9. Wang, Stephanie, Internet Filtering in China, Open Net Initiative, June 15, 2009.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 三、WTO 官方文件zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1. Appellate Body Report, European Communities — Customs Classification of Certain Computer Equipment, WT/DS62/AB/R, WT/DS67/AB/R,WT/DS68/AB/R, adopted on 22June ,1998.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2. Appellate Body Report, European Communities — Measures Affecting the Importations of Certain Poultry Product, WT/DS69/AB/R, adopted on 13 July, 1998.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 3. Appellate Body Report, China—Measure Affecting Trading Rights and Distribution Services for Certain Publications and Audiovisual Entertainment Products, WT/DS363/AB/R, adopted on January 2010.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 4. Appellate Body Report, Canada —Measures Affecting the Importation of Milk and the EXPORTATION of Dairy Products, WT/DS103/AB/R, WT/DS113/AB/R, adopted on13 October, 1999.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 5. Japan, Schedule of Specific Commitments, GATS/SC/46, 15 April, 1994zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 6. Panel Report, China—Measure Affecting Trading Rights and Distribution Services for Certain Publications and Audiovisual Entertainment Products, WT/DS363/R, adopted on 12 August, 2009.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 7. Panel Report , United State–Measures Affecting the Cross-Border Supply of Gambling and Betting Services, WT/DS285/R, adopted on 10 November ,2004.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 8. Panel Report, Mexico — Measures Affecting Telecommunications Services, WT/DS204/R, adopted on 2 April, 2004.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 9. WTO, Cross-Border Supply (Modes 1&2), Background Note by the Secretariat, S/C/W/304, 18 September, 2009.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 10. WTO, Services Sectoral Classification List, Note by the Secretariat, MTN.GNS/W/120 , 10 July 1991zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 11. WTO, Telecommunication Services, Background Note by the Secretariat, S/C/W/74, 8 December, 1998.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 12. WTO, Decision on Professional Services, S/L/3, 4 April, 1995.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 13. WTO, Disciplines on Domestic Regulation Pursuant to GATS Article VI:4 Draft Second Revision, Informal Note by the Chairman, Room Document 2160, 20 March, 2009.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 14. WTO, The People’s Republic of China Schedule of Specific Commitments, GATS/SC/135, 14 February, 2002.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 二、 英文書籍及期刊論文zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 10. ICTSD, US Group Urges WTO Case to Bring Down Chinese Internet Firewall, Bridges Weekly Trade News Digest, Vol.14, No.3, Nov.27, 2010.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 11. He , Qinglian, The Fog of Censorship: Media Control In China, Human Rights in China.(2008)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 12. Mackinnon, Rebecca, Google and Internet Control in China, Congressional-Executive Commission on China, Testimony submitted for the record, March 24, 2010zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 13. Roseman, Daniel, The WTO and telecommunications services in China: three years on, INFO 7(2), 25, 30 (2005).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 14. Statistical Office of the United Nation, ProvisIONAL CENTRAL PROduct Classification System, Department of International Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Papers Series M No.77, 1991.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 15. Tai, Zixue, The Internet in China:Cyberspace and Civil Society.(2006)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 16. USTR, Background Information on China`s Accession to the World Trade Organization, Dec. 11, 2001.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 17. WTO, WTO Analytical Index—Guide To WTO Law And Practice(2d ed.2007)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 18. Wang, Stephanie, Internet Filtering in China, Open Net Initiative, June 15, 2009.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 四、網站資料zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1. The WTO Website:http://www.wto.orgzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2. The Google Website:http://www.google.com.tw.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 3. The BBC News Website:http://news.bbc.co.uk/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 4. The New York Times:http://www.nytimes.com/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 5. The Hill:http://www.thehill.comzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 6. The Time:http://www.time.com/time/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 7. Oxford Dictionary :http://oxforddictionaries.com/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 8. 中國網:http://www.china.com.cn/newszh_TW