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題名 傅柯《性史》中的倫理與自由
The ethics and freedom in Foucault`s history of Sexuality
作者 謝宗宜
Hsieh, Tzung Yi
貢獻者 蔡錚雲
Tsai, Cheng Yun
謝宗宜
Hsieh, Tzung Yi
關鍵詞 倫理
權力
真理
主體化
自由實踐
ethics
power
truth
subjectivation
practice of freedom
日期 2011
上傳時間 12-四月-2012 14:11:09 (UTC+8)
摘要 法國思想家傅柯於1984年6月出版了《性史》的第二、三卷。此二卷與第一卷的出版之間長達八年的間隔,取材的範圍也從原先16到19世紀的現代西方社會,往前推移至西元前到西元初的古希臘社會及希臘化羅馬時期。除此之外,傅柯更清楚地表明,他的研究旨趣已經從原先對權力運作的解析,轉移到關於倫理修身實踐的議題上。儘管傅柯本人對於這個轉折十分坦然,但他卻又透過主體化、真理和自由實踐等概念,說明這個轉向其實可以放進他整個研究的藍圖中。本文即以《性史》作為主要的討論素材,首先,將探討傅柯在《性史》第二、三卷中所提出的倫理是什麼?接著,由此回溯《性史》第一卷中對權力的研究,討論傅柯是怎樣分析現代西方文明中的主體化歷程?對權力的分析是否促使傅柯轉向研究自我倫理?最後,我們將綜合上述有關倫理、權力、真理及主體化的討論,說明傅柯所謂自由實踐的意涵為何?
Michel Foucault published the second and third volumes of History of Sexuality in June 1984. The interval between the first and the rest of the volumes was as long as eight years, and the scope of the first volume was modern European society from the sixteen to the nineteen century, whereas in the second and the third volumes it extended to as early as from ancient Greek to the Hellenistic period. In addition, the central issue was shifted from “power” to “ethics” in those later volumes respectively. He frankly admitted that the central concern of this work did encounter a change described above, however, he also claimed that the change can be regarded as the link between two phases of a continued project, that is, the discussions of “power” and “ethics” are indeed integral parts of his project viewed in light of the concepts of subjectivation, truth, and practice of freedom.
     This dissertation attempts to explore the implication of “ethics” in the second and third volumes of History of Sexuality and, based on this implication explored, to elucidate the way Foucault analyses the process of subjectivation in modern Western civilization. Then in turn we try to answer whether this analysis of “power” caused Foucault’s shift of interest to “ethics.” Finally, as a conclusion, through integrated examination of the concepts of “ethics,” “power,” “truth” and “subjectivation,” we try to explicate the significance of “practice of freedom” Foucault propounds.
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The History of Sexuality, Volume 1: An Introduction, trans. by Robert Hurley, New York: Vintage Books Edition, 1978/1990.
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The Archaeology of Knowledge & the Discourse on Language, trans. by A. M. Sheridan Smith, New York: Pantheon Books, 1972.
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The Birth of Biopolitics: Lectures at the Collège de France 1978-1979, ed. by Michel Senellart, trans. by Graham Burchell, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.
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The Foucault Effect: Studies in Governmentality, London: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1991.
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“Course Context”, in The Hermeneutics of the Subject: Lectures at the Collège de France 1981-1982, ed. by Frédéric Gros, trans. by Graham Burchell, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005, pp. 507-550.
Gutting, Gary
Michel Foucault’s Archaeology of Scientific Reason, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
(ed.) The Cambridge Companion to Foucault, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
French Philosophy in the Twentieth Century, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
Foucault: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.
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“Body/Power”, in Michel Foucault, Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972-1977, ed. by Colin Gordon, Brighton: The Harvester Press, 1980. pp. 55-62.
The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity: Twelve Lectures, trans. by Frederick Lawrence, Oxford: Polity Press, 1987.
Hadot, Pierre
Philosophy as a Way of Life: Spiritual Exercises from Socrates to Foucault, ed. by Arnold I. Davidson, trans. by Michael Chase, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 1995.
Hacking, Ian
“Michel Foucault’s Immature Science” (1979), in Barry Smart (ed.), Michel Foucault: Critical Assessments, Vol. 2, New York: Routledge, 1995, pp. 176-185.
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Halperin, David M., John J. Winkler and Froma I. Zeitlin (eds.)
Before Sexuality: The Construction of Erotic Experience in the Ancient Greek World, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1990.
Han, Béatrice
Foucault’s Critical Project: Between the Transcendental and the Historical, trans. by Edward Pile, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1998/2002.
“The Confession of the Flesh”, in Michel Foucault, Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972-1977, ed. by Colin Gordon, Brighton: The Harvester Press, 1980. pp. 194-228.
Heidegger, Martin
The Question Concering Technology and Other Essays, trans. by William Lovitt, New York: Harper and Row, 1977.
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“An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?”, in James Schmidt (ed.), What is Enlightenment?: Eighteenth–Century Answers and Twentieth–Century Questions, Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1996, PP. 58-64.
Practical Philosophy, trans. and ed. by Mary J. Gregor, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
Kelly, Michael (ed.)
Critique and Power: Recasting the Foucault/Habermas Debate, Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 1994/1998.
Larmour, David H. J., Paul Allen Miller and Charles Platter (eds.)
Rethinking Sexuality: Foucault and Classical Antiquity, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1998.
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After Virtue, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press, 1981/1984.
Moss, Jeremy (ed.)
The Later Foucault: Politics and Philosophy, London: Sage, 1998.
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The Gay Science, ed. by Bernard Williams, trans. by Josefine Nauckhoff, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001/2008.
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Foucault, Historian or Philosopher?, London: Macmillan, 1989.
Oksala, Johanna
Foucault on Freedom, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
O’Leary, Timothy
Foucault: The Art of Ethics, London: Continuum, 2002.
Plato
The Dialogues of Plato, trans. by B. Jowett, London: Oxford University Press, 1964.
“The Discourse on Language”, in Michel Foucault, The Archaeology of Knowledge & the Discourse on Language, trans. by A. M. Sheridan Smith, New York: Pantheon Books, 1972, pp. 215-237.
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Truth and Eros: Foucault, Lacan, and the Question of Ethics, London and New York: Routledge, 1991.
Seneca
Seneca: Moral and Political Essays, trans. and ed. by John M. Cooper and J. F. Procopé, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
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“Foucault and Derrida on Nietzsche and the End(s) of ‘Man’” (1988), in Barry Smart (ed.), Michel Foucault: Critical Assessments, Vol. 2, New York: Routledge, 1995, pp. 278-292.
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Weber, Max
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Wood, Allen
Kant`s Ethical Thought, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
中文著作
The Essential Works of Michel Foucault 1954-1984, volume I, Ethics: Subjectivity and Truth, ed. by Paul Rabinow, New York: The New Press, 1997.
林志明
〈權力與正常化:由《精神醫療權力》邁向《非正常人》〉,收入黃瑞祺編,《再見傅柯:傅柯晚期思想新論》,台北市:松慧文化,2005年,頁165-200。
何乏筆
〈從性史到修養史—論傅柯《性史》第二卷中的四元架構〉,《歐美研究》,第32卷第3期,臺北市:中央研究院歐美研究所,民國91年9月,頁75-106。
〈自我發現與自我創造:關於哈道特和傅柯修養論之差異〉,收錄於黃瑞祺編,《後學新論:後現代/後結構/後殖民》,臺北市:左岸文化,2003,頁47-73。
高榮禧
〈傅柯《性史》寫作階段的主體概念〉,收錄於《揭諦》,第五期,嘉義縣:南華大學哲學研究所,2003年六月,頁95-121。
黃冠閔
〈晚年傅科中主體的形構與轉化〉,「晚期傅柯與傅柯之後:跨文化視野下的主體問題與自我技術」學術研討會,臺北市:中央研究院中國文哲研究所,2006年2月16-17日,頁155-169。
蔡錚雲
Fearless Speech, ed. by Joseph Pearson, Los Angeles: The MIT Press, 2001.
〈傅柯的倫理技術〉,「第五屆兩岸三地四校南北哲學論壇學術研討會:新『漢語哲學』論衡—對中西倫理學的表述、轉譯及詮釋為例」會議論文,臺北市:政治大學哲學系,2009年10月31日~11月1日。
中文譯本
Dreyfus, Hubert L. and Paul Rabinow
《傅柯—超越結構主義與詮釋學》,錢俊譯,臺北市:桂冠,1995。
Foucalt, Michel
《性意識史》,尚衡譯,臺北市:桂冠,1989。
《性史》,謝石、沈力譯,臺北市:結構群,1990。
《性經驗史》,佘碧平譯,上海:上海人民出版社,2000。
《德勒茲論傅柯》,楊凱麟譯,臺北市:麥田,2000。
《傅柯說真話》,鄭義愷譯,臺北市:群學,2005。
The Government of Self and Others: Lectures at the Collège de France 1982-1983, ed. by Frédéric Gros, trans. by Graham Burchell, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.
Gros, Frédéric
《傅柯考》,何乏筆、楊凱麟、龔卓軍譯,臺北市:麥田,2006/2008。
附錄、傅柯《法蘭西學院課程》
1970–1971 《求知的意志》;La Volonté de Savoir; The Will to Knowledge
1971–1972 《刑事理論與機構》;Théories et Institutions Pénales; Penal Theories and Institutions
1972–1973 《懲罰性的社會》;La Société Punitive;The Punitive Society
1973–1974 《精神醫療權力》;Le pouvoir psychiatrique; Psychiatric Power
1974–1975 《非正常人》;Les anormaux; Abnormal
1975–1976 《「必須保衛社會」》;« Il faut défendre la société »; “Society Must Be Defended”
The Hermeneutics of the Subject: Lectures at the Collège de France 1981-1982, ed. by Frédéric Gros, trans. by Graham Burchell, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.
1977–1978 《安全、領土與人口》;Sécurité, territoire, population; Security, Territory, Population
1978–1979 《生命政治的誕生》;Naissance de la biopolitique; The Birth of Biopolitics
1979–1980 《生命體的治理》;Du gouvernement des vivants; The Government of the Living
1980–1981 《主體性與真理》;Subjectivité et Vérité; Subjectivity and Truth
1981–1982 《主體詮釋學》;L`Herméneutique du sujet; The Hermeneutics of the Subject
1982–1983 《自我與他人的治理》;Le Gouvernement de soi et des autres; The Government of Self and Others
1983–1984 《自我與他人的治理:說真話的勇氣》;Le gouvernement de soi et des autres: Tome 2, Le courage de la vérité; The Government of Self and Others: The Courage of Truth
“Introduction”, in Georges Canguilhem, The Normal and the Pathological, trans. by Carolyn R. Fawcett, New York: Zone Books, 1966/1989, pp. 7-24.
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“Politics and Ethics: An Interview”, in Michel Foucault, The Foucault Reader, ed. by Paul Rabinow, New York: Pantheon Books, 1984, pp. 373-380.
“The Politics of Health in the Eighteenth Century”, in Michel Foucault, Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972-1977, ed. by Colin Gordon, Brighton: The Harvester Press, 1980. pp. 166-182.
“Preface to The History of Sexuality, Volume II”, trans. by Willam Smock, in Michel Foucault, The Foucault Reader, ed. by Paul Rabinow, New York: Pantheon Books, 1984, pp. 333-339.
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“The Political Technology of Individuals”, in Luther H. Martin, Huck Gutman and Patrick H. Hutton (ed.), Technologies of the Self: A Seminar with Michel Foucault, London: Tavistock Publications, 1988, pp. 145-162.
“The Return of Morality”, in Michel Foucault, Foucault Live, ed. by Sylvère Lotringer, trans. by Lysa Hochroth and John Johnston, New York: Semiotext(e), 1989/1996. pp. 465-473.
“Society Must be Defended”: Lectures at the Collège de France 1975-1976, ed. by Mauro Bertani and Alessandro Fontana, trans. by David Macey, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.
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“Subjectivity and Truth”, in Michel Foucault, The Essential Works of Michel Foucault 1954-1984, volume I, Ethics: Subjectivity and Truth, edited by Paul Rabinow, New York: The New Press, 1997. pp. 87-92.
Security, Territory, Population: Lectures at the Collège de France 1977-1978, ed. by Michel Senellart, trans. by Graham Burchell, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.
“Self Writing”, in Michel Foucault, The Essential Works of Michel Foucault 1954-1984, volume I, Ethics: Subjectivity and Truth, edited by Paul Rabinow, New York: The New Press, 1997. pp. 207-222.
The Foucault Reader, ed. by Paul Rabinow, New York: Pantheon Books, 1984.
“The History of Sexuality”, in Michel Foucault, Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972-1977, ed. by Colin Gordon, Brighton: The Harvester Press, 1980. pp. 183-193.
“Two Lectures”, in Michel Foucault, Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972-1977, ed. by Colin Gordon, Brighton: The Harvester Press, 1980. pp. 78-108.
“Truth and Power”, in Michel Foucault, Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972-1977, ed. by Colin Gordon, Brighton: The Harvester Press, 1980. pp. 109-133.
“Truth, Power, Self: An Interview”, in Luther H. Martin, Huck Gutman and Patrick H. Hutton (ed.), Technologies of the Self: A Seminar with Michel Foucault, London: Tavistock Publications, 1988, pp. 9-15.
“Technologies of the Self”, in Luther H. Martin, Huck Gutman and Patrick H. Hutton (ed.), Technologies of the Self: A Seminar with Michel Foucault, London: Tavistock Publications, 1988, pp. 16-49.
“What is Critique?”, in Michel Foucault, The Politics of Truth, ed. by Sylvère Lotringer and Lysa Hochroth, New York: Semiotext(e), 1997, pp. 23-82.
“What is Enlightenment?”, in Michel Foucault, The Foucault Reader, ed. by Paul Rabinow, New York: Pantheon Books, 1984, pp. 32-50.
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英文著作
Bernauer, James and Thomas Keenan
“The Works of Michel Foucault”, in James Bernauer and David Rasmussen (ed.), The Final Foucault, London: The MIT Press, 1988, pp. 119-158.
Bernauer, James and David Rasmussen (ed.)
The Final Foucault, London: The MIT Press, 1988.
Black, Joel
“Taking the Sex out of Sexuality: Foucault’s Failed History”, in David H. J. Larmour, Paul Allen Miller, and Charles Platter (eds.), Rethinking Sexuality: Foucault and Classical Antiquity, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1998, pp. 42-60.
Boyarin, Daniel and Elizabeth A. Castelli
“Introduction: Foucault`s ‘The History of Sexuality’: The Fourth Volume, or, a Field Left Fallow for Others to Till”, in Journal of the History of Sexuality, Vol. 10, No. 3/4, Special Issue: Sexuality in Late Antiquity, Jul.-Oct., 2001, pp. 357-374.
Brandom, Robert B.
Making It Explicit: Reasoning, Representing, and Discursive Commitment, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1994/2001.
Brown, Wendy
“Genealogical Politics”, in Jeremy Moss (ed.), The Later Foucault: Politics and Philosophy, London: Sage, 1998, pp. 33-49.
Cohen, Paul M.
The Freedom’s Moment: An Essay on the French Idea of Liberty from Rousseau to Foucault, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1997.
Davidson, Arnold I. (ed.)
“Archaeology, Genealogy, Ethics”, in David Couzens Hoy (ed.), Foucault: A Critical Reader, New York: Basil Blackwell, 1986/1989, pp. 221-233.
“Ethics as Ascetics: Foucault, the History of Ethics, and Ancient Thought”, in Gary Gutting (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Foucault, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994, pp. 115-140.
“Introduction: Pierre Hadot and the Spiritual Phenomenon of Ancient Philosophy”, in Pierre Hadot, Philosophy as a Way of Life: Spiritual Exercises from Socrates to Foucault, ed. by Arnold I. Davidson, trans. by Michael Chase, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 1995, pp. 1-45.
“Structures and Strategies of Discourse: Remarks Towards a History of Foucault’s Philosophy of Language”, in Arnold I. Davidson (ed.), Foucault and his Interlocutors, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1997, pp. 1-17.
Foucault and His Interlocutors, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1997.
Deleuze, Gilles
“What is a dispositif?”, in Timothy J. Armstrong (trans.), Michel Foucault Philosopher, Hertfordshire: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1989/1992, pp. 159-168.
Foucault, trans. and ed. by Seán Hand, London : Continuum, 1999.
Dews, Peter
“The Return of the Subject in Late Foucault”, in Barry Smart (ed.), Michel Foucault: Critical Assessments, Vol. 6, New York: Routledge, 1995, pp. 148-156.
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描述 博士
國立政治大學
哲學研究所
91154501
100
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0911545011
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 蔡錚雲zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Tsai, Cheng Yunen_US
dc.contributor.author (作者) 謝宗宜zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (作者) Hsieh, Tzung Yien_US
dc.creator (作者) 謝宗宜zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Hsieh, Tzung Yien_US
dc.date (日期) 2011en_US
dc.date.accessioned 12-四月-2012 14:11:09 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 12-四月-2012 14:11:09 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 12-四月-2012 14:11:09 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0911545011en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/52630-
dc.description (描述) 博士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 哲學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 91154501zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 100zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 法國思想家傅柯於1984年6月出版了《性史》的第二、三卷。此二卷與第一卷的出版之間長達八年的間隔,取材的範圍也從原先16到19世紀的現代西方社會,往前推移至西元前到西元初的古希臘社會及希臘化羅馬時期。除此之外,傅柯更清楚地表明,他的研究旨趣已經從原先對權力運作的解析,轉移到關於倫理修身實踐的議題上。儘管傅柯本人對於這個轉折十分坦然,但他卻又透過主體化、真理和自由實踐等概念,說明這個轉向其實可以放進他整個研究的藍圖中。本文即以《性史》作為主要的討論素材,首先,將探討傅柯在《性史》第二、三卷中所提出的倫理是什麼?接著,由此回溯《性史》第一卷中對權力的研究,討論傅柯是怎樣分析現代西方文明中的主體化歷程?對權力的分析是否促使傅柯轉向研究自我倫理?最後,我們將綜合上述有關倫理、權力、真理及主體化的討論,說明傅柯所謂自由實踐的意涵為何?zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Michel Foucault published the second and third volumes of History of Sexuality in June 1984. The interval between the first and the rest of the volumes was as long as eight years, and the scope of the first volume was modern European society from the sixteen to the nineteen century, whereas in the second and the third volumes it extended to as early as from ancient Greek to the Hellenistic period. In addition, the central issue was shifted from “power” to “ethics” in those later volumes respectively. He frankly admitted that the central concern of this work did encounter a change described above, however, he also claimed that the change can be regarded as the link between two phases of a continued project, that is, the discussions of “power” and “ethics” are indeed integral parts of his project viewed in light of the concepts of subjectivation, truth, and practice of freedom.
     This dissertation attempts to explore the implication of “ethics” in the second and third volumes of History of Sexuality and, based on this implication explored, to elucidate the way Foucault analyses the process of subjectivation in modern Western civilization. Then in turn we try to answer whether this analysis of “power” caused Foucault’s shift of interest to “ethics.” Finally, as a conclusion, through integrated examination of the concepts of “ethics,” “power,” “truth” and “subjectivation,” we try to explicate the significance of “practice of freedom” Foucault propounds.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第壹章、導論 1
     第一節、《性史》的規劃、現行版本及相關文獻 3
     (一)何謂《性史》? 3
     (二)《法蘭西學院課程》 8
     第二節、性、主體化與真理 11
     (一)「性」的問題化 11
     (二)主體與真理 18
     第三節、本文的論述架構 21
     第貳章、自我修持的倫理 23
     第一節、倫理的分析架構 24
     第二節、倫理要素的變化 37
     (一)釋夢術 37
     (二)自我與他人 47
     (三)自我的修養 49
     第三節、古代生活實踐中的倫理主體 58
     (一)健康養生學 60
     (二)家政管理術 62
     (三)少男之愛 64
     第參章、現代主體的塑成 73
     第一節、現今的歷史 76
     (一)知識考古學 78
     (二)權力/知識的系譜學 84
     (三)權力關係的一般特徵 88
     第二節、自我詮釋學的開展 90
     (一)自我告解與自我絕棄 92
     (二)牧養權力 96
     第三節、權力與主體 100
     (一)法律、規訓與安全配置 100
     (二)生命權力與治理性 104
     (三)權力與倫理 108
     第肆章、實踐自由的倫理 115
     第一節、批判與啟蒙 119
     (一)何謂批判?何謂啟蒙? 120
     (二)自由與解放 124
     第二節、真理與求真意志 129
     第三節、說真話與自我書寫 134
     (一)實踐批判自由的說真話 135
     (二)連結真理與主體化的自我書寫 139
     第伍章、結論 143
     參考文獻 151
     附錄、傅柯《法蘭西學院課程》 160
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0911545011en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 倫理zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 權力zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 真理zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 主體化zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 自由實踐zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) ethicsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) poweren_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) truthen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) subjectivationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) practice of freedomen_US
dc.title (題名) 傅柯《性史》中的倫理與自由zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The ethics and freedom in Foucault`s history of Sexualityen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) The Government of Self and Others: Lectures at the Collège de France 1982-1983, ed. by Frédéric Gros, trans. by Graham Burchell, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 《傅柯考》,何乏筆、楊凱麟、龔卓軍譯,臺北市:麥田,2006/2008。zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1970–1971 《求知的意志》;La Volonté de Savoir; The Will to Knowledgezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1971–1972 《刑事理論與機構》;Théories et Institutions Pénales; Penal Theories and Institutionszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1972–1973 《懲罰性的社會》;La Société Punitive;The Punitive Societyzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1973–1974 《精神醫療權力》;Le pouvoir psychiatrique; Psychiatric Powerzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1974–1975 《非正常人》;Les anormaux; Abnormalzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1975–1976 《「必須保衛社會」》;« Il faut défendre la société »; “Society Must Be Defended”zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) The Hermeneutics of the Subject: Lectures at the Collège de France 1981-1982, ed. by Frédéric Gros, trans. by Graham Burchell, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1977–1978 《安全、領土與人口》;Sécurité, territoire, population; Security, Territory, Populationzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1978–1979 《生命政治的誕生》;Naissance de la biopolitique; The Birth of Biopoliticszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1979–1980 《生命體的治理》;Du gouvernement des vivants; The Government of the Livingzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1980–1981 《主體性與真理》;Subjectivité et Vérité; Subjectivity and Truthzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1981–1982 《主體詮釋學》;L`Herméneutique du sujet; The Hermeneutics of the Subjectzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1982–1983 《自我與他人的治理》;Le Gouvernement de soi et des autres; The Government of Self and Otherszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1983–1984 《自我與他人的治理:說真話的勇氣》;Le gouvernement de soi et des autres: Tome 2, Le courage de la vérité; The Government of Self and Others: The Courage of Truthzh_TW
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