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題名 多種類型的威權主義：中國政權性質的探討
Varieties of Authoritarianism: Post-Mao China`s Regime Type In Focus作者 高頡
Kao, Chieh貢獻者 寇健文
Kou, Chien Wen
高頡
Kao, Chieh關鍵詞 中國
政權性質
威權政體
後極權主義
典型威權主義日期 2012 上傳時間 1-十一月-2012 14:02:14 (UTC+8) 摘要 當前中國的政權性質為何？在非民主政體的分類當中，當前中國的位置可能在那裡？這個威權政體在政治、經濟和社會領域方面，究竟表現出那些整體性的特徵？本文將以Linz and Stepan（1996）對非民主政體的分類為基礎，在不捨棄原始分類中任何一個分類標準的前提下，修正並濃縮成一個結合政治領域、經濟領域和社會領域的分析框架。接著，本文根據這個分析框架帶入相關的文獻議題，透過大量具有代表性的二手文獻，從學者們對特定議題的研究成果中抽離出政權的部分特徵，最終歸納整理出對當前中國政權性質的總體評估。 藉由回顧和評析學者們的觀點，本文主張當前中國政權揉合後極權特性（政治領域和社會領域）和典型威權特性（經濟領域），因此在威權主義的概念系譜裡，既不是完全的後極權主義，也不是完全的典型威權主義，而是游離在兩者之間的政權類型。這種帶有混合性質的政權類型，反映出當前中國在脫離毛澤東極權統治時期的過程當中，「政經社」三個領域各自有不同的偏離幅度，即在政治、社會領域的偏離幅度較小，而在經濟領域的偏離幅度較大。不過，這不表示有必要在非民主政體的分類中再增加一個次類型。相反地，本文僅僅是想強調當前中國在「政經社」展現出不同的政權特性，是一種混合、介於、擺盪在後極權主義和典型威權主義之間的威權國家，表現出「多種類型的威權主義」。 本文的研究發現提供兩個研究意涵。第一、中國政權的混合性質可以為非民主政體的分類帶來重要啟示，學界應該重視長期被忽略的經濟因素對政體分類可能的影響力。此外，當一個威權政體並非在各個領域的發展方向皆是一致的時候，學界應該要如何判斷其政權性質。第二、本文從「民主轉型及其鞏固」與「國企改革」兩個議題，討論政權類型對於理解經驗事實的貢獻。從當前中國的政權性質來看，我們仍不宜對中國在短期內出現政治民主化抱持過高的期望。 第一章是緒論，揭開本文的研究問題、回顧研究問題的既有文獻、說明研究方法和研究侷限。第二章至第四章正式進入文章主軸，分別探討政治領域（黨國體制本身的運作）、經濟領域（黨國體制下的國家市場關係）和社會領域（黨國體制下的國家社會關係）。第五章是結論，包括重整本文的研究發現、釐清本文的研究發現與其他學者的不同之處、當前中國在非民主政體分類中的位置、中國政權性質對非民主政體分類的啟示、政權類型對理解經驗事實的貢獻。 參考文獻 【英文部分】Abrami, Regina, Edmund Malesky, and Yu Zheng. 2008. “Accountability and Inequality in Single-Party Regime: A Comparative Analysis of Vietnam and China.” Working Paper. http://www.hbs.edu/research/pdf/08-099WP.pdfAmsden, Alice. 1989. 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國立政治大學
東亞研究所
98260006
101資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098260006 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 寇健文 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Kou, Chien Wen en_US dc.contributor.author (作者) 高頡 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) Kao, Chieh en_US dc.creator (作者) 高頡 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Kao, Chieh en_US dc.date (日期) 2012 en_US dc.date.accessioned 1-十一月-2012 14:02:14 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 1-十一月-2012 14:02:14 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-十一月-2012 14:02:14 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0098260006 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/55166 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 東亞研究所 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 98260006 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 101 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 當前中國的政權性質為何？在非民主政體的分類當中，當前中國的位置可能在那裡？這個威權政體在政治、經濟和社會領域方面，究竟表現出那些整體性的特徵？本文將以Linz and Stepan（1996）對非民主政體的分類為基礎，在不捨棄原始分類中任何一個分類標準的前提下，修正並濃縮成一個結合政治領域、經濟領域和社會領域的分析框架。接著，本文根據這個分析框架帶入相關的文獻議題，透過大量具有代表性的二手文獻，從學者們對特定議題的研究成果中抽離出政權的部分特徵，最終歸納整理出對當前中國政權性質的總體評估。 藉由回顧和評析學者們的觀點，本文主張當前中國政權揉合後極權特性（政治領域和社會領域）和典型威權特性（經濟領域），因此在威權主義的概念系譜裡，既不是完全的後極權主義，也不是完全的典型威權主義，而是游離在兩者之間的政權類型。這種帶有混合性質的政權類型，反映出當前中國在脫離毛澤東極權統治時期的過程當中，「政經社」三個領域各自有不同的偏離幅度，即在政治、社會領域的偏離幅度較小，而在經濟領域的偏離幅度較大。不過，這不表示有必要在非民主政體的分類中再增加一個次類型。相反地，本文僅僅是想強調當前中國在「政經社」展現出不同的政權特性，是一種混合、介於、擺盪在後極權主義和典型威權主義之間的威權國家，表現出「多種類型的威權主義」。 本文的研究發現提供兩個研究意涵。第一、中國政權的混合性質可以為非民主政體的分類帶來重要啟示，學界應該重視長期被忽略的經濟因素對政體分類可能的影響力。此外，當一個威權政體並非在各個領域的發展方向皆是一致的時候，學界應該要如何判斷其政權性質。第二、本文從「民主轉型及其鞏固」與「國企改革」兩個議題，討論政權類型對於理解經驗事實的貢獻。從當前中國的政權性質來看，我們仍不宜對中國在短期內出現政治民主化抱持過高的期望。 第一章是緒論，揭開本文的研究問題、回顧研究問題的既有文獻、說明研究方法和研究侷限。第二章至第四章正式進入文章主軸，分別探討政治領域（黨國體制本身的運作）、經濟領域（黨國體制下的國家市場關係）和社會領域（黨國體制下的國家社會關係）。第五章是結論，包括重整本文的研究發現、釐清本文的研究發現與其他學者的不同之處、當前中國在非民主政體分類中的位置、中國政權性質對非民主政體分類的啟示、政權類型對理解經驗事實的貢獻。 zh_TW dc.description.tableofcontents 第壹章、緒論 1第一節、研究問題 1第二節、文獻回顧：後毛澤東時期中國的政權性質為何？ 3第三節、研究發現與主要論點 9第四節、研究方法 11第五節、研究限制與章節安排 17第貳章、政治領域：黨國體制本身的運作 19第一節、列寧式政黨 19第二節、意識形態 33第三節、結論：後極權特性的政治領域 37第參章、經濟領域：黨國體制下的國家市場關係 39第一節、國有企業和私營企業的改革和現狀 40第二節、比較視野：前蘇東共黨國家還是東亞發展型國家？ 56第三節、結論：典型威權特性的經濟領域 63第肆章、社會領域：黨國體制下的國家－社會關係 65第一節、市民社會：社會組織、社會抗爭 65第二節、國家與社會的制度性連結：人大制度、基層選舉 78第三節、結論：後極權特性的社會領域 86第伍章、結論 89第一節、主要論點 89第二節、本文論點在現有文獻和非民主政體分類的位置 91第三節、研究意涵：非民主政體的分類、中國政治的未來評估 95參考書目 103英文部分 103中文部分 118 zh_TW dc.language.iso en_US - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098260006 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中國 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 政權性質 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 威權政體 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 後極權主義 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 典型威權主義 zh_TW dc.title (題名) 多種類型的威權主義：中國政權性質的探討 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Varieties of Authoritarianism: Post-Mao China`s Regime Type In Focus en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【英文部分】Abrami, Regina, Edmund Malesky, and Yu Zheng. 2008. “Accountability and Inequality in Single-Party Regime: A Comparative Analysis of Vietnam and China.” Working Paper. http://www.hbs.edu/research/pdf/08-099WP.pdfAmsden, Alice. 1989. 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