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題名 社會資本及信任:跨時因果關係模型
Social capital and trust:Longitudinal causality model
作者 李俊
貢獻者 熊瑞梅
李俊
關鍵詞 個人社會資本
組織社會資本
信任
因果關係
定位法
日期 2010
上傳時間 4-九月-2013 09:57:53 (UTC+8)
摘要 從Coleman至Putnam甚至是Lin及Ikeda以來，社會資本的研究幾乎都是橫斷性（Cross sectional）的研究，並沒有使用嚴謹和跨時的個人社會資本和社團參與的組織社會資本及信任的資料來釐清這些概念之間的因果關係。信任作為社會互動的一個重要機制，究竟是如何被影響的?
本文採用林南及熊瑞梅等對於個人社會資本及組織社會資本的概念，以及對於測量社會資本的定位法（position generator）來展開本研究，並使用OLS及SEM來進行統計分析。
據此，本研究有以下幾點發現：首先，第一是釐清了前後期個人社會資本及信任的關係。後期個人社會資本並不會直接影響後期的信任，主要是前期個人社會資本來影響後期信任；其次，為後期個人社會資本是前期組織社會資本及後期信任的中介變項，華人的信任看似是由個人社會資本所影響的，但其實是透過早先的社團參與的組織社會資本影響著後期的個人社會資本，而後期的個人社會資本又深深影響著信任的高低；最後，教育和個人社會資本對於信任有著交互作用，而中等教育者在是隨者低社會資本、中等社會資本及高社會資信任增加，符合本研究所採用的觀點，林南及Ikeda對於社會資本與信任的看法。都認為社會資本愈高或是網絡異質性愈高，對於創造信任是有幫助的。
參考文獻 呂亞力，2000，〈民主在美國導讀〉。收錄於《民主在美國》，台北：貓頭鷹出版 ：城邦文化發行。
江明修，2002，〈從政府與第三部門之二元互動析探我國社會資本之現況與發展策略〉。臺北市：國立政治大學公共行政學系。
李惠斌、楊雪冬主編，2000，《社會資本與社會發展》。北京：社會科學文獻出社。
周愫嫻，2002， <智慧型犯罪被害人研究；以大台北地區倒會犯罪被害人為例>。《輔仁學誌》　35；105-130。
林南著，林佑聖、葉欣怡譯，2005，《社會資本》。台北：弘智文化事業有限公司。
法蘭西斯．福山，1998，《誠信：社會德性與繁榮的創造》。（李宛蓉譯）。臺北：立緒。（原著出版年：1995）
費孝通，1948，《鄉土中國》。上海：觀察社。
熊瑞梅、張峰彬、林亞鋒， 2008，〈社會資本與市民參與〉。已發表於2008年12月13-14日於中研院社會所舉辦的台灣社會學年會。

熊瑞梅、張峰彬、林亞鋒，2010，〈解嚴後民眾社團參與的變遷：時期與世代的
效應與意涵〉。《台灣社會學刊》，44：55-105。
Coleman, James S. 著，鄧方譯，1992，《社會理論的基礎》。台北：五南出版社。
羅家德、趙延東，2004，〈社會資本的層次及其測量方法〉，《社會學理論與實踐之間》，李培林主編。北京：中國社會科學院社會學所出版。
顧忠華，1999， 〈社會信任、社會資本與非營利組織〉，《非營利組織與社會信》任。政大社會學系/中央研究院社會學研究所。
Beccerra, M. and A.K. Gupta ,1999,"Trust Within the Organization: Integrating the Trust Literature With Agency Theory and Transaction Costs Economics. " Public Administration Quarterly, （23:2）, pp.177-203.
Bekkers, René, Beate Völker, Henk Flap, and Martin van der Gaag,2008, "Social Networks of Participants in Voluntary Associations." in Social Capital: An

International Research Program, edited by N. Lin, and B. Erickson. Oxford University Press.
Berg, J., Dickaut, J. and McCabe, K. ,1995, Trust, reciprocity and social history.
Games and Economic Behavior, 10（122-142）.
Bourdieu, P. ,1980, Le capital social. Notes provisoires, Actes, n. 31, 2-3.
Bourdieu, P. ,1986, The Forms of Capital, in John G. Richardson （edt）, Handbook of Theory and Research in the Sociology of Education, New York, Greenwald Press.
Bourdieu, P. and Coleman, J. eds ,1991, Social Theory for a Changing Society. Boulder: Westview/Russell Sage Foundation.
Brehm, J. and Rahn W., 1997, "Individual-level Evidence for the Causes and
Consequences of Social Capital." American Journal of Political Science 41:
999-1023.
Burt, R.S. ,1997, " The Contingent Value of Social Capital " Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol.42, pp.339-365
Burt, R. S. ,1992, Structure Holes: The Social Structure of Competition MA: Harvard University Press.
Coleman, James S., 1988, “Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital.”
American Journal of Sociology 95: 95-120.
DiMaggio, P., Louch, H., 1998.,Socially embedded consumer transactions: for what kinds of purchases do people most often use networks? American Sociological Review 63, 619–637.
Durkheim E. ,1984（1893）, Book I in The Division of Labour in Society. NY: The Free Press.
Earle, T. C., Siegrist, M., & Gutscher, H. ,2007, Trust, risk perception, and the TCC model of cooperation. In M. Siegrist, T. C. Earle, & H. Gutscher （Eds.）, Trust in cooperative risk management: Uncertainty and scepticism in the public mind （pp. 1e49）. London: Earthscan.
Fukuyama, F. ,1995, Trust: The Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity. New York: The Free Press.
Fukuyama, Francis, 1999, The Great Disruption: Human Nature and the Reconstitution of Social Order. New York: Touchstone.
Fukuyama, Francis ,2001,"Social Capital,Civic Society and Development."
Third World Quqrterly, Vol. 22 No.1, pp.7-20.
Fu, Q. (2004). Trust, social capital, and organizational effectiveness. Retrieved July 7, 2007, from Paper IGP Virginia Tech Web site: http://www.ipg.vt.edu/papers/qhfumajorpaper.pdf
Giddens, A.,1990, The Consequence of Modernity. Polity Press, Cambridge, U.K.
Granovetter, Mark, 1973, “The Strength of Weak Ties.” American Journal of
Sociology 78:1360-80.
Halpern, David S. ,2005, Social Capital. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Ikeda, Ken’ichi and Sean E. Richey ,2005, Japanese Network Capital: The Impact of Social Networks on Japanese Political Participation.Political Behavior, Vol. 27, No. 3, September 2005.
Ikeda, Ken’ichi and Tetsuro Kobayashi, 2008, "Making Democracy Work via the
Functioning of Heterogeneous Personal Networks: An Empirical Analysis Based
on a Japanese Election Study. " In Contexts of Social Capital: Social Networks in
Communities, Markets and Organizaitons, edited by Ray-May Hsung, Nan Lin and Ronald Breiger. London: Routledge.
Lin, Nan and Dumin M. , 1986, Access to occupations through social ties. Soc. Networks 8:365.85.
Lin, Nan, 1999, "Social Networks and Status Attainment." Annual Review of Sociology25：467-87
Lin, Nan, 2001, Social Capital: A Theory of Structure and Action. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
Lin, Nan, Yang-chih Fu, and Ray-May Hsung, 2001, "The Position Generator:
Measurement Techniques for Investigations of Social Capital." Pp. 57-84. In Nan Lin,
Karen Cook, and Ronald S. Burt （Eds.）. Social Capital: Theory and Research. New York: Aldine De Gruyter.
Luhmann, N, 1988, Familiarity, confidence, trust, in Gambetta, D. （ed.）, Trust. Making and Breaking of Cooperative Relations, Oxford, Blackwell.
Newton, Kenneth, 1999, "Social Capital and European Democracy in Modern Europe." in Jan W. van Deth et al. eds. Social Capital and European Democracy: 3-24. London: Routledge.
Newton, Kenneth ,2001, "Trust, Social Capital, Civil Society, and Democracy."International Political Science Reiew, Vol. 22, No.2, pp.201-214.
Ray-May Hsung and Ronald,BREIGER (2009), Position Generators, Affiliations, and the Institutional Logics of Social Capital: A Study of Taiwan Firms and Individuals, Contexts of social capital: social networks in markets, communities, and families, Ray-May HSUNG, Nan LIN, Ronald L. BREIGER (red.), Routledge, Londyn, s. 3-27.
Paxton, Pamela, 1999, "Is Social Capital Declining in the United States? A Multiple
Indicator Assessment." American Journal of Sociology 105 （1）: 88-127.
Portes, Alejandro, 1998, "Social Capital: Its Origins and Applications in Modern Sociology." Annual Review of Sociology 24:1-24.
Putnam, Robert D., 1993, Making Democracy Work. Princeton. NJ: Princeton
University Press.
Putnam, Robert D., 1995, "Bowling Alone: America’s Declining Social Capital."
Journal of Democracy 6:65-78.
Putnam, Robert D., 2000, Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community.New York.
Sabatini, F., 2009, Does Social Capital Create Trust? Evidence from a community of entrepreneurs.http://www.econ-pol.unisi.it/quaderni/552.pdf.
Schuller, T., Baron, S., and Field, J. ,2000, "Social capital: A review and critique." In
Baron, S., Field, J., and Schuller, T. （Eds.）, Social Capital: Critical Perspectives
（pp. 1-38）. New York: Oxford University Press.
Siegrist, M., Earle, T. C. and Gutscher, H. ,2003, "Test of a trust and confidence model in the applied context of electromagnetic field （EMF） risks", Risk
Analysis, vol 23, pp705–716.
Son, Joonmo and Nan Lin, 2008, "Social Capital and Civic Action: A Network-based
Approach." Social Science Research 37: 330-349.
Stolle, D. ,2003, The sources of social capital. In Stolle, D. and Hooghe, M.（Eds）, Generating Social Capital:civil society and institutions in comparative perspective. Basingstoke, UK:Palgrave, pp:19-42.
Tsai, W. & Ghoshal, S. ,1998, "Social Capital and Value Creation : The Role of Intrafirm Networks " Academy of Management Journal, Vol.41, pp.464-476.
Tsai, W. ,2000, Social Capital, Strategic Relatedness and the Formation of Intraorganizational Linkages.Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 21, No. 9. （Sep., 2000）, pp. 925-939.
Volker B, Flap H., 1996, Getting Ahead in the GDR: Human Capital and Social Capital in the Status Attainment Process Under Communism. Universiteit Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Woolcock, M. and A. T. Sweetser, 2002, Bright Ideas: Social Capital—The Bonds That Connect. ADB Review 34 （2）.
Zak, Paul J. and Stephen Knack ,1998, Trust and Growth‖ IRIS Center Working Paper No. 219.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
社會學研究所
98254010
99
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098254010
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 熊瑞梅zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (作者) 李俊zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 李俊zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2010en_US
dc.date.accessioned 4-九月-2013 09:57:53 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 4-九月-2013 09:57:53 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 4-九月-2013 09:57:53 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0098254010en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/59952-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 社會學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98254010zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 從Coleman至Putnam甚至是Lin及Ikeda以來，社會資本的研究幾乎都是橫斷性（Cross sectional）的研究，並沒有使用嚴謹和跨時的個人社會資本和社團參與的組織社會資本及信任的資料來釐清這些概念之間的因果關係。信任作為社會互動的一個重要機制，究竟是如何被影響的?
本文採用林南及熊瑞梅等對於個人社會資本及組織社會資本的概念，以及對於測量社會資本的定位法（position generator）來展開本研究，並使用OLS及SEM來進行統計分析。
據此，本研究有以下幾點發現：首先，第一是釐清了前後期個人社會資本及信任的關係。後期個人社會資本並不會直接影響後期的信任，主要是前期個人社會資本來影響後期信任；其次，為後期個人社會資本是前期組織社會資本及後期信任的中介變項，華人的信任看似是由個人社會資本所影響的，但其實是透過早先的社團參與的組織社會資本影響著後期的個人社會資本，而後期的個人社會資本又深深影響著信任的高低；最後，教育和個人社會資本對於信任有著交互作用，而中等教育者在是隨者低社會資本、中等社會資本及高社會資信任增加，符合本研究所採用的觀點，林南及Ikeda對於社會資本與信任的看法。都認為社會資本愈高或是網絡異質性愈高，對於創造信任是有幫助的。		zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 前言 1
第一節 研究緣起 1
第二節 研究目的 8
第二章 文獻探討 10
第一節 社會資本 10
第二節 社團參與的組織社會資本 16
第三節 信任 19
第四節 社會資本與信任 24
第三章 研究方法 27
第一節 資料來源與測量 27
第二節 分析模型 40
第四章 分析結果 43
第一節 依變項基本描述 43
第二節 分析結果 44
第五章 結論與討論 53
第一節 研究發現 52
第二節 研究限制與建議 55
參考書目 56		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 1237425 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098254010en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 個人社會資本zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 組織社會資本zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 信任zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 因果關係zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 定位法zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 社會資本及信任:跨時因果關係模型zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Social capital and trust:Longitudinal causality modelen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 呂亞力，2000，〈民主在美國導讀〉。收錄於《民主在美國》，台北：貓頭鷹出版 ：城邦文化發行。
江明修，2002，〈從政府與第三部門之二元互動析探我國社會資本之現況與發展策略〉。臺北市：國立政治大學公共行政學系。
李惠斌、楊雪冬主編，2000，《社會資本與社會發展》。北京：社會科學文獻出社。
周愫嫻，2002， <智慧型犯罪被害人研究；以大台北地區倒會犯罪被害人為例>。《輔仁學誌》　35；105-130。
林南著，林佑聖、葉欣怡譯，2005，《社會資本》。台北：弘智文化事業有限公司。
法蘭西斯．福山，1998，《誠信：社會德性與繁榮的創造》。（李宛蓉譯）。臺北：立緒。（原著出版年：1995）
費孝通，1948，《鄉土中國》。上海：觀察社。
熊瑞梅、張峰彬、林亞鋒， 2008，〈社會資本與市民參與〉。已發表於2008年12月13-14日於中研院社會所舉辦的台灣社會學年會。

熊瑞梅、張峰彬、林亞鋒，2010，〈解嚴後民眾社團參與的變遷：時期與世代的
效應與意涵〉。《台灣社會學刊》，44：55-105。
Coleman, James S. 著，鄧方譯，1992，《社會理論的基礎》。台北：五南出版社。
羅家德、趙延東，2004，〈社會資本的層次及其測量方法〉，《社會學理論與實踐之間》，李培林主編。北京：中國社會科學院社會學所出版。
顧忠華，1999， 〈社會信任、社會資本與非營利組織〉，《非營利組織與社會信》任。政大社會學系/中央研究院社會學研究所。
Beccerra, M. and A.K. Gupta ,1999,"Trust Within the Organization: Integrating the Trust Literature With Agency Theory and Transaction Costs Economics. " Public Administration Quarterly, （23:2）, pp.177-203.
Bekkers, René, Beate Völker, Henk Flap, and Martin van der Gaag,2008, "Social Networks of Participants in Voluntary Associations." in Social Capital: An

International Research Program, edited by N. Lin, and B. Erickson. Oxford University Press.
Berg, J., Dickaut, J. and McCabe, K. ,1995, Trust, reciprocity and social history.
Games and Economic Behavior, 10（122-142）.
Bourdieu, P. ,1980, Le capital social. Notes provisoires, Actes, n. 31, 2-3.
Bourdieu, P. ,1986, The Forms of Capital, in John G. Richardson （edt）, Handbook of Theory and Research in the Sociology of Education, New York, Greenwald Press.
Bourdieu, P. and Coleman, J. eds ,1991, Social Theory for a Changing Society. Boulder: Westview/Russell Sage Foundation.
Brehm, J. and Rahn W., 1997, "Individual-level Evidence for the Causes and
Consequences of Social Capital." American Journal of Political Science 41:
999-1023.
Burt, R.S. ,1997, " The Contingent Value of Social Capital " Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol.42, pp.339-365
Burt, R. S. ,1992, Structure Holes: The Social Structure of Competition MA: Harvard University Press.
Coleman, James S., 1988, “Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital.”
American Journal of Sociology 95: 95-120.
DiMaggio, P., Louch, H., 1998.,Socially embedded consumer transactions: for what kinds of purchases do people most often use networks? American Sociological Review 63, 619–637.
Durkheim E. ,1984（1893）, Book I in The Division of Labour in Society. NY: The Free Press.
Earle, T. C., Siegrist, M., & Gutscher, H. ,2007, Trust, risk perception, and the TCC model of cooperation. In M. Siegrist, T. C. Earle, & H. Gutscher （Eds.）, Trust in cooperative risk management: Uncertainty and scepticism in the public mind （pp. 1e49）. London: Earthscan.
Fukuyama, F. ,1995, Trust: The Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity. New York: The Free Press.
Fukuyama, Francis, 1999, The Great Disruption: Human Nature and the Reconstitution of Social Order. New York: Touchstone.
Fukuyama, Francis ,2001,"Social Capital,Civic Society and Development."
Third World Quqrterly, Vol. 22 No.1, pp.7-20.
Fu, Q. (2004). Trust, social capital, and organizational effectiveness. Retrieved July 7, 2007, from Paper IGP Virginia Tech Web site: http://www.ipg.vt.edu/papers/qhfumajorpaper.pdf
Giddens, A.,1990, The Consequence of Modernity. Polity Press, Cambridge, U.K.
Granovetter, Mark, 1973, “The Strength of Weak Ties.” American Journal of
Sociology 78:1360-80.
Halpern, David S. ,2005, Social Capital. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Ikeda, Ken’ichi and Sean E. Richey ,2005, Japanese Network Capital: The Impact of Social Networks on Japanese Political Participation.Political Behavior, Vol. 27, No. 3, September 2005.
Ikeda, Ken’ichi and Tetsuro Kobayashi, 2008, "Making Democracy Work via the
Functioning of Heterogeneous Personal Networks: An Empirical Analysis Based
on a Japanese Election Study. " In Contexts of Social Capital: Social Networks in
Communities, Markets and Organizaitons, edited by Ray-May Hsung, Nan Lin and Ronald Breiger. London: Routledge.
Lin, Nan and Dumin M. , 1986, Access to occupations through social ties. Soc. Networks 8:365.85.
Lin, Nan, 1999, "Social Networks and Status Attainment." Annual Review of Sociology25：467-87
Lin, Nan, 2001, Social Capital: A Theory of Structure and Action. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
Lin, Nan, Yang-chih Fu, and Ray-May Hsung, 2001, "The Position Generator:
Measurement Techniques for Investigations of Social Capital." Pp. 57-84. In Nan Lin,
Karen Cook, and Ronald S. Burt （Eds.）. Social Capital: Theory and Research. New York: Aldine De Gruyter.
Luhmann, N, 1988, Familiarity, confidence, trust, in Gambetta, D. （ed.）, Trust. Making and Breaking of Cooperative Relations, Oxford, Blackwell.
Newton, Kenneth, 1999, "Social Capital and European Democracy in Modern Europe." in Jan W. van Deth et al. eds. Social Capital and European Democracy: 3-24. London: Routledge.
Newton, Kenneth ,2001, "Trust, Social Capital, Civil Society, and Democracy."International Political Science Reiew, Vol. 22, No.2, pp.201-214.
Ray-May Hsung and Ronald,BREIGER (2009), Position Generators, Affiliations, and the Institutional Logics of Social Capital: A Study of Taiwan Firms and Individuals, Contexts of social capital: social networks in markets, communities, and families, Ray-May HSUNG, Nan LIN, Ronald L. BREIGER (red.), Routledge, Londyn, s. 3-27.
Paxton, Pamela, 1999, "Is Social Capital Declining in the United States? A Multiple
Indicator Assessment." American Journal of Sociology 105 （1）: 88-127.
Portes, Alejandro, 1998, "Social Capital: Its Origins and Applications in Modern Sociology." Annual Review of Sociology 24:1-24.
Putnam, Robert D., 1993, Making Democracy Work. Princeton. NJ: Princeton
University Press.
Putnam, Robert D., 1995, "Bowling Alone: America’s Declining Social Capital."
Journal of Democracy 6:65-78.
Putnam, Robert D., 2000, Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community.New York.
Sabatini, F., 2009, Does Social Capital Create Trust? Evidence from a community of entrepreneurs.http://www.econ-pol.unisi.it/quaderni/552.pdf.
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