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題名 考量移動特性於耐延遲網路之團隊省電機制設計
Energy-aware grouping design by considering moving pattern for delay tolerant networks作者 劉勇麟
Liu, Yung Lin貢獻者 蔡子傑
Tsai, Tzu Chieh
劉勇麟
Liu, Yung Lin關鍵詞 耐延遲網路
路由協定
團隊
省電
delay Tolerant Network
routing protocol
group
energy-aware日期 2010 上傳時間 4-九月-2013 17:06:09 (UTC+8) 摘要 在傳統的DTN路由協定中，由於網路拓樸的快速變動，為了能將訊息封包傳送到目的地，通常是透過大量的複製，或是透過資訊的過濾與計算，將封包交由適合的節點來協助傳送。然而在電池電源有限的條件之下，過於冗餘的封包複製傳遞，或CPU運算的大量使用，將使得節點容易因電量耗盡而失去傳遞的功能，不只是造成整體系統的存活時間(System Lifetime)降低，亦非常不利於維持整體網路的傳遞成功率(Delivery Ratio)。在旅行的過程中，同行的人們通常具有相同的移動軌跡以及最終目的地，因而形成團體行動的模式；針對這樣的特性，我們採用每個團隊只留下一位領隊來統籌探索鄰居及封包傳遞的概念，透過GPS的資訊輔助來設計出組隊省電機制，延長節點存活時間，進而提升系統存活時間，並在運算複雜度較低且封包冗餘複製亦降低的狀況下，仍保有不錯的傳遞成功率以及較低的效能衰減。
In traditional routing protocols of DTNs, most of them are using redundancy messages and information computing to make a good relay decision. Due to energy limitation, too many redundant message transmissions or high computing will make nodes die off quickly. It will decrease the system lifetime and diminish the delivery ratio of the whole system. When people go on a tour, friends always form a group due that members have a similar moving path and destination. Based on the features of moving patterns, we design a grouping scheme, namely, Energy-aware Grouping, with the concept that there is only one node awake in a group in charge of contact and message transmissions. With the assistance by GPS, our method has reduced the numbers of redundant message transmissions and information computing. Simulation results show that it can extend the system lifetime with maintaining still good delivery ratio參考文獻 [1] Jian Shen, Sangman Moh, Ilyong Chung, “Routing Protocols in Delay Tolerant Networks: A Comparative Survey”, The 23rd International Technical Conference on Circuits/Systems,Computers and Communications, pp. 1577 - 1580, 8 July, 2008[2] E.P.C. Jones and P.A.S ward, “Routing Strategies for Delay-Tolerant Networks”, Submitted to Computer Communacation Review,2008[3] T.Armstrong, “Wake-up Based Power Management in Multihop Wireless Networks”, Term Survey Paper, University of Toronto.[4] VAHDAT, A., AND BECKER, D. “Epidemic routing for partially connected ad hoc networks”, Technical Report CS-200006, Duke University, April 2000.[5] R. H. Frenkiel, B. R. Badrinath, J. Borres, and R. D. Yates, “The infostations challenge: balancing cost and ubiquity in delivering wireless data”, IEEE Personal Communications, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 66–71, 2000[6] J. Lebrun, C.-N. Chuah, D. Ghosal, and M. Zhang, “Knowledge-based opportunistic forwarding in vehicular wireless ad hoc networks”, in Proceedings of IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC), vol. 4, pp. 2289–2293, May 2005.[7] A. Lindgren, A. Doria, and O. Schelen, “Probabilistic routing in intermittently connected networks”, in Proc. First International Workshop on Service Assurance with Partial and Intermittent Resources, pp. 239––254,2004.[8] H. Dang and H. Wu, “Clustering and Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Delay-Tolerant Mobile Networks”, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, Vol. 9, No.6, pp.1874–1881, June 2010.[9] P. Hui, A. Chaintreau, J. Scott, R. Gass, J. Crowcroft, and C. Diot, “Pocket switched networks and human mobility in conference environments”, in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on DTN and Related Topics, pp. 244––251, 2005.[10] T. Spyropoulos, K. Psounis, and C. S. Raghavendra, “Spray and wait: an efficient routing design for intermittently connected mobile networks”, in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on DTN and Related Topics,pp. 252––259, 2005.[11] C. Liu and J. Wu, “Scalable routing in delay tolerant networks”, in Proc.ACM MobiHoc, 2007.[12] A. Chaintreau, P. Hui, J. Crowcroft, C. Diot, R. Gass, and J. Scott, “Impact of human mobility on the design of opportunistic forwarding algorithms”, in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, pp. 1––13, 2006.[13] M. Kim, D. Kotz, and S. Kim, “Extracting a mobility model from real user traces”, in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, pp. 1––13, 2006.[14] T. Spyropoulos, K. Psounis, and C. Raghavendra, “Performance analysis of mobility-assisted routing”, in Proc. MobiHoc’06: 7th ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing,pp. 49––60, 2006.[15] J. Leguay, T. Friedman, and V. Conan, “DTN routing in a mobility pattern space”, in Proc. WDTN‘05: 2005 ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Delay-tolerant Networking, pp. 276––283, 2005.[16] B. Chen, K. Jamieson, H. Balakrishnan, and R. Morris, “Span: An energy-efficient coordination algorithm for topology maintenance in ad hoc wireless networks”. In Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, pages 85–96, Rome, Italy, July 2001[17] B.Awerbuch, D.Holmer and H. Rubens, “The Pulse Protocol: Energy Efficient Infrastructure Access”, IEEE INFOCOM, 2004 [18] E. Shih, P. Bahl, M. J. Sincalir, “Wake on wireless: An event driven energy saving strategy for battery operated devices“, Proceedings of ACM Mobicom, 2002.[19] M. J. Miller, N. H. Vaidya, ”Power save mechanisms for multihop wireless networks, Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Broadband Networks”, 2004.[20] R. Zheng, J. Hou, and L. Shab, “Asynchronous wakeup for ad hoc networks”. The Fourth ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing (MobiHoc 03), January 2003[21] Tseng, Y.-C., Hsu, C.-S., Hsieh, T.-Y., “Power-saving protocols for IEEE 802.11-based multi-hop ad hoc networks ,” Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking, Vol.43, No.3, pp.317-337, 2003.[22] Yong Xi , M. Chuah , K. Chang, “Performance evaluation of a power management scheme for disruption tolerant network”, Mobile Networks and Applications, v.12 n.5, p.370-380, December 2007[23] L. M. Feeney and M. Nilsson, “Investigating the energy consumption of a wireless network interface in an ad hoc network”, In INFOCOM, 2001. [24] Ari Keränen, Jörg Ott, Teemu Kärkkäinen, “The ONE Simulator for DTN Protocol Evaluation”, in SIMUTools’09: 2nd International Conference on Simulation Tools ans Techniques, Rome, March 2-6,2009 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
資訊科學學系
97753015
99資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097753015 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 蔡子傑 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Tsai, Tzu Chieh en_US dc.contributor.author (作者) 劉勇麟 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) Liu, Yung Lin en_US dc.creator (作者) 劉勇麟 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Liu, Yung Lin en_US dc.date (日期) 2010 en_US dc.date.accessioned 4-九月-2013 17:06:09 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 4-九月-2013 17:06:09 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 4-九月-2013 17:06:09 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0097753015 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/60240 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 資訊科學學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 97753015 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 99 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 在傳統的DTN路由協定中，由於網路拓樸的快速變動，為了能將訊息封包傳送到目的地，通常是透過大量的複製，或是透過資訊的過濾與計算，將封包交由適合的節點來協助傳送。然而在電池電源有限的條件之下，過於冗餘的封包複製傳遞，或CPU運算的大量使用，將使得節點容易因電量耗盡而失去傳遞的功能，不只是造成整體系統的存活時間(System Lifetime)降低，亦非常不利於維持整體網路的傳遞成功率(Delivery Ratio)。在旅行的過程中，同行的人們通常具有相同的移動軌跡以及最終目的地，因而形成團體行動的模式；針對這樣的特性，我們採用每個團隊只留下一位領隊來統籌探索鄰居及封包傳遞的概念，透過GPS的資訊輔助來設計出組隊省電機制，延長節點存活時間，進而提升系統存活時間，並在運算複雜度較低且封包冗餘複製亦降低的狀況下，仍保有不錯的傳遞成功率以及較低的效能衰減。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) In traditional routing protocols of DTNs, most of them are using redundancy messages and information computing to make a good relay decision. Due to energy limitation, too many redundant message transmissions or high computing will make nodes die off quickly. It will decrease the system lifetime and diminish the delivery ratio of the whole system. When people go on a tour, friends always form a group due that members have a similar moving path and destination. Based on the features of moving patterns, we design a grouping scheme, namely, Energy-aware Grouping, with the concept that there is only one node awake in a group in charge of contact and message transmissions. With the assistance by GPS, our method has reduced the numbers of redundant message transmissions and information computing. Simulation results show that it can extend the system lifetime with maintaining still good delivery ratio en_US dc.description.tableofcontents CHAPTER 1 Introduction 11.1 Background 11.2 Motivation 11.3 Our Goal 21.4 Organization 2CHAPTER 2 Related Work 32.1 Flooding-based routing Protocol 42.1.1 Epidemic Routing Protocol 42.1.2 Direct Contact Routing Protocol 42.2 Forwarding-based Protocol 52.2.1 Location-based Routing Protocol 52.2.2 Gradient Routing Protocol 52.2.3 Clustering and Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Delay-Tolerant Mobile Networks 62.3 Wakeup scheduling in multi-hop wireless networks 62.3.1 Scheduled Rendezvous 72.3.2 On-demand 72.3.3 Asynchronous 8CHAPTER 3 Energy-aware Grouping Design 103.1 System Model 113.2 Moving Pattern 113.2.1 Scenario 1：Nodes Never Depart 123.2.2 Scenario 2：Nodes May Depart or Join 123.2.3 Scenario 3：Nodes Move Randomly 123.3 Energy-aware Grouping (EG) Design 143.3.1 Methods choose when contact between method 1 (M1) and method 2 (M2) 153.3.2 Method 1 (M1) for less variation 163.3.3 Method 2 (M2) for the environment with groups will change 183.4 Message Relay Policy 20CHAPTER 4 Simulation and Results 224.1 Simulation Setup 234.1.1 General Settings of Simulator 244.1.2 Parameters about Energy Consumption 254.2 Simulation Results 264.2.1 Nodes Never Depart 264.2.2 Nodes May Depart or Join 314.2.3 Nodes Move Randomly 35CHAPTER 5 Conclusions and Future Work 385.1 Conclusion 385.2 Future Work 38References 39 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1396857 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.language.iso en_US - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097753015 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 耐延遲網路 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 路由協定 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 團隊 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 省電 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) delay Tolerant Network en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) routing protocol en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) group en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) energy-aware en_US dc.title (題名) 考量移動特性於耐延遲網路之團隊省電機制設計 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Energy-aware grouping design by considering moving pattern for delay tolerant networks en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [1] Jian Shen, Sangman Moh, Ilyong Chung, “Routing Protocols in Delay Tolerant Networks: A Comparative Survey”, The 23rd International Technical Conference on Circuits/Systems,Computers and Communications, pp. 1577 - 1580, 8 July, 2008[2] E.P.C. Jones and P.A.S ward, “Routing Strategies for Delay-Tolerant Networks”, Submitted to Computer Communacation Review,2008[3] T.Armstrong, “Wake-up Based Power Management in Multihop Wireless Networks”, Term Survey Paper, University of Toronto.[4] VAHDAT, A., AND BECKER, D. “Epidemic routing for partially connected ad hoc networks”, Technical Report CS-200006, Duke University, April 2000.[5] R. H. Frenkiel, B. R. Badrinath, J. Borres, and R. D. Yates, “The infostations challenge: balancing cost and ubiquity in delivering wireless data”, IEEE Personal Communications, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 66–71, 2000[6] J. Lebrun, C.-N. Chuah, D. Ghosal, and M. Zhang, “Knowledge-based opportunistic forwarding in vehicular wireless ad hoc networks”, in Proceedings of IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC), vol. 4, pp. 2289–2293, May 2005.[7] A. Lindgren, A. Doria, and O. Schelen, “Probabilistic routing in intermittently connected networks”, in Proc. First International Workshop on Service Assurance with Partial and Intermittent Resources, pp. 239––254,2004.[8] H. Dang and H. Wu, “Clustering and Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Delay-Tolerant Mobile Networks”, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, Vol. 9, No.6, pp.1874–1881, June 2010.[9] P. Hui, A. Chaintreau, J. Scott, R. Gass, J. Crowcroft, and C. Diot, “Pocket switched networks and human mobility in conference environments”, in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on DTN and Related Topics, pp. 244––251, 2005.[10] T. Spyropoulos, K. Psounis, and C. S. Raghavendra, “Spray and wait: an efficient routing design for intermittently connected mobile networks”, in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on DTN and Related Topics,pp. 252––259, 2005.[11] C. Liu and J. Wu, “Scalable routing in delay tolerant networks”, in Proc.ACM MobiHoc, 2007.[12] A. Chaintreau, P. Hui, J. Crowcroft, C. Diot, R. Gass, and J. Scott, “Impact of human mobility on the design of opportunistic forwarding algorithms”, in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, pp. 1––13, 2006.[13] M. Kim, D. Kotz, and S. Kim, “Extracting a mobility model from real user traces”, in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, pp. 1––13, 2006.[14] T. Spyropoulos, K. Psounis, and C. Raghavendra, “Performance analysis of mobility-assisted routing”, in Proc. MobiHoc’06: 7th ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing,pp. 49––60, 2006.[15] J. Leguay, T. Friedman, and V. Conan, “DTN routing in a mobility pattern space”, in Proc. WDTN‘05: 2005 ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Delay-tolerant Networking, pp. 276––283, 2005.[16] B. Chen, K. Jamieson, H. Balakrishnan, and R. Morris, “Span: An energy-efficient coordination algorithm for topology maintenance in ad hoc wireless networks”. In Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, pages 85–96, Rome, Italy, July 2001[17] B.Awerbuch, D.Holmer and H. Rubens, “The Pulse Protocol: Energy Efficient Infrastructure Access”, IEEE INFOCOM, 2004 [18] E. Shih, P. Bahl, M. J. Sincalir, “Wake on wireless: An event driven energy saving strategy for battery operated devices“, Proceedings of ACM Mobicom, 2002.[19] M. J. Miller, N. H. Vaidya, ”Power save mechanisms for multihop wireless networks, Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Broadband Networks”, 2004.[20] R. Zheng, J. Hou, and L. Shab, “Asynchronous wakeup for ad hoc networks”. The Fourth ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing (MobiHoc 03), January 2003[21] Tseng, Y.-C., Hsu, C.-S., Hsieh, T.-Y., “Power-saving protocols for IEEE 802.11-based multi-hop ad hoc networks ,” Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking, Vol.43, No.3, pp.317-337, 2003.[22] Yong Xi , M. Chuah , K. Chang, “Performance evaluation of a power management scheme for disruption tolerant network”, Mobile Networks and Applications, v.12 n.5, p.370-380, December 2007[23] L. M. Feeney and M. Nilsson, “Investigating the energy consumption of a wireless network interface in an ad hoc network”, In INFOCOM, 2001. [24] Ari Keränen, Jörg Ott, Teemu Kärkkäinen, “The ONE Simulator for DTN Protocol Evaluation”, in SIMUTools’09: 2nd International Conference on Simulation Tools ans Techniques, Rome, March 2-6,2009 zh_TW
