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題名 應急蜂巢式行動通訊網路之分散式資料庫設計
Design of Distributed Database for Contingency Cellular Network作者 張宜蘋
Chang, I Ping貢獻者 連耀南
Lien, Yao Nan
張宜蘋
Chang, I Ping關鍵詞 應急蜂巢式行動通訊網路
應急通訊
群組通訊
分散式資料庫
Contingency Cellular Network
Emergency Communication
Agency Communication
Distributed Database日期 2014 上傳時間 1-七月-2015 14:53:42 (UTC+8) 摘要 歷年發生的大型天然災害中，行動通訊系統常常會因為道路、橋樑、電力的損毀而導致嚴重癱瘓，進而影響災後救援工作的進行，行動通訊系統其實是不可靠且極為脆弱的。為使災區能夠快速地恢復通訊，本研究提出一種應急通訊系統，利用無線通訊，將這些無連線能力的基地台連接起來，並利用存活可連至核心通訊網路的基地台，建構成為一個臨時性的通訊系統，稱為應急蜂巢式行動通訊網路(Contingency Cellular Network，CCN)，供使用者在災區內進行通訊。由於資料庫的可靠度在行動通訊網路中具有舉足輕重之地位，本論文旨在利用分散式架構提高CCN網路資料庫的可靠度，進而提高系統可靠度。我們先分析資料表的特性，並依據各資料表的特性以及資源之多寡，設計相應的分散式架構。 我們利用樹狀拓樸的簡單特性，提出三種分散式架構：(1)用於群組資料表的階層備援式架構、(2)用於HLR資料表的階層備援式架構，以及(3)用於HLR資料表的鄰近階層備援式架構。這三種架構都利用了樹狀拓樸的簡單特性，大幅簡化了資料庫的查詢及更新程序。我們以可用度及平均總成本，以評估各架構在不同的情形下之最合適架構，並觀察在各架構下，其系統可用度與平均總成本之間的關係，由結果可知，在群組資料表儲存架構中，若追求高系統可用度，可選擇高儲存密度之架構，反之，若追求較低的成本，可選擇低儲存密度之架構。而在HLR資料表儲存架構中，階層備援式的系統可用度與平均總成本比鄰近階層備援式來得高，表示階層備援式耗費較多成本，但可用度也較高，故在建置時可依實際情況來選擇合適的架構儲存。最後，為驗證分散式資料庫架構之可行性，我們利用數部筆記型電腦及Android平台手機來建置階層備援式及鄰近階層備援式架構，並測量在此二種架構下於通話建立時所耗費的時間，從模擬結果可知，此二種架構皆可快速建置並可立即通訊，惟鄰近階層備援式所耗費的通話建立時間略長，但仍在可容許範圍之內。
When stricken by a catastrophic natural disaster, the efficiency of disaster response operation is very critical to life saving. The efficiency of disaster response operation is greatly depending on communication systems. However, they were usually not dependable, including cellular networks, and often crashed due to power outage and backhaul link breakage. The failure of communication systems caused a big coordination problem to many disaster response operations. This thesis proposes a Contingency Cellular Network (CCN) by connecting isolated base stations to survival base stations using long-range wireless links to recover part of cellular network functionality. People can use their own cell phones for emergency communication in the disaster areas. CCN will be able to support a large number of disaster responders with limited resources in the early hours of disasters, thus to save many lives. Because the reliability of database plays a very important role in the CCN, this thesis proposes a distributed database architecture to improve the reliability of database so as the reliability of CCN. We take advantage of the simplicity of CCN tree topology to design three distributed database architectures: (1) Hierarchical Redundancy Architecture for “Group_Member ” table, (2) Hierarchical Redundancy Architecture for “HLR” table, and (3) Hierarchical Neighboring Redundancy Architecture for “HLR” table. The tree topology greatly simplified the query and update procedures. We use availability and average total cost to analytically evaluate all three architectures trying to identify the most appropriate architecture under different circumstances. Based on our evaluation results, CCN operators can choose the most appropriate architecture according to their realistic circumstances. Finally, in order to verify the feasibility of the proposed architectures, we implemented a simplified prototype using several laptops and Android mobile phones. The Hierarchical Redundancy Architecture and the Neighboring Redundancy Architecture were implemented. The results show that both architectures can be functional with reasonable performance except that Hierarchical Neighboring Redundancy Architecture may take longer time, but in a tolerable range, to setup a call.參考文獻 [1]Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials International, Project 25, http://www.apcointl.org/frequency/project25.php, retrieved May 2010.[2]Alfayez Adel, Assiri Majid, Clerk Rutvij, and Alsaadan Usamah, "Evaluating the Viability of TETRA for US Public Safety Communication," University of Colorado at Boulder Interdisciplinary Telecommunications Program Capstone Project, Boulder, USA, Nov. 2009.[3]Yong Bai, Wencai Du, Zhengxin Ma, Chong Shen, Youling Zhou and Baodan Chen, "Emergency communication system by heterogeneous wireless networking,” 2011 International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCOM) , June 2010.[4]Melanie Basich, "Wireless When You Need It," http://www.policemag.com/ Channel/Technology/Articles/Print/Story/2009/01/Wireless-When-You-Need-It.aspx, retrieved Jan. 2009.[5]Jean-Charles Bazin, Hongdong Li, In So Kweon, Cédric Demonceaux, Pascal Vasseur and Katsushi Ikeuchi, "A Branch and Bound Approach to Correspondence and Grouping Problems," IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Tokoyo, Japan, Dec. 2012.[6]Carlo Bertolli, Daniele Tarchi, Romano Fantacci, Marco Vanneschi, and Andrea Tassi, "An Integrated Communication-Computing Solution in Emergency Management," ACM International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference 6th, Caen, France, June 2010.[7]Thomas H. 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" IEEE Communications Magazine, vol.49, no.1, Jan. 2011. pp. 36-45.[31]Ren Qing-dao-er-ji, and Yuping Wang, Xiaojing Si, "An Improved Genetic Algorithm For Job Shop Scheduling Problem," IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Security, Nanning, China, Dec. 2010.[32]Yang Ran, "Considerations and Suggestions on Improvement of Communication Network Disaster Countermeasures after the Wenchuan Earthquake," IEEE Communications Magazine, vol.49, no.1, Jan. 2011. pp. 44-47.[33]Cristina Ribeiro, and Alexander Ferworn, "Computational Public Safety in Emergency Management Communications," ACM International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference 6th, New York, USA, Oct. 2010.[34]María Luisa Santamaría, and Sebastià Galmé, "Multi-objective Simulated Annealing Approach for Optimal Routing in Time-Driven Sensor Networks," IEEE 19th Annual International Symposium on Modelling, Analysis, and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems, Singapore, July 2011.[35]Zhenhong Shao, Yongxiang Liu, Yi Wu and Lianfeng Shen, "A Rapid and Reliable Disaster Emergency Mobile Communication System via Aerial Ad Hoc BS networks,” 2011 International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCOM) , Sep. 2011.[36]Yoshitaka Shibata, Yosuke Sato, Naoki Ogasawara, Go Chiba, "A Disaster Information System by Ballooned Wireless Adhoc Network," IEEE International Conference on Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive Systems, Fukuoka, Japan Mar. 2009.[37]The Weather Channel, "Earthquake Deaths to Reach 3.5 Million by 2100," http://www.weather.com/news/science/earthquake-deaths-dramatic-rise-20130221, retrieved Feb. 2013.[38]Stelios Timotheou and Georgios Loukas, "Autonomous Networked Robots for the Establishment of Wireless Communication in Uncertain Emergency Response Scenarios," ACM symposium on Applied Computing, New York, USA, Mar. 2009.[39]Search Underwood, "Improving Disaster Management," Comm. of ACM, vol. 53, no. 2, Feb. 2010, pp. 18-20.[40]Misako Urakami, Yuya Okada, Yasuyuki Niwa, Hisaya Motogi and Hiroshi Matsuno, "Construction of Wireless Network for Information Communication for a Disaster-affected Island," IEEE International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops, Perth, Australia, Apr. 2010.[41]Fan Wei, Md.Emadadul Haque, Yukihiro Fukunaga, Takehiro Gouda, Xiaodong Lu and Kinji Mori, "Autonomous Community Construction Technology for Timely Transmitting Emergency Information," IEEE Symposia and Workshops on Ubiquitous, Autonomic and Trusted Computing, Shaanxi, China, Oct. 2010.[42]3GPP, Specifications, http://www.3gpp.org/Specifications, retrieved Nov. 2011.[43]3GPP, TS 23.401, "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) enhancements for Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) access" version 11.0.0.[44]Christian Doerr and Fernando A.Kuipers, "All Quiet on the Internet Front?" 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國立政治大學
資訊科學學系
101971014
103資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0101971014 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 連耀南 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Lien, Yao Nan en_US dc.contributor.author (作者) 張宜蘋 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) Chang, I Ping en_US dc.creator (作者) 張宜蘋 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Chang, I Ping en_US dc.date (日期) 2014 en_US dc.date.accessioned 1-七月-2015 14:53:42 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 1-七月-2015 14:53:42 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-七月-2015 14:53:42 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0101971014 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/76223 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 資訊科學學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 101971014 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 103 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 歷年發生的大型天然災害中，行動通訊系統常常會因為道路、橋樑、電力的損毀而導致嚴重癱瘓，進而影響災後救援工作的進行，行動通訊系統其實是不可靠且極為脆弱的。為使災區能夠快速地恢復通訊，本研究提出一種應急通訊系統，利用無線通訊，將這些無連線能力的基地台連接起來，並利用存活可連至核心通訊網路的基地台，建構成為一個臨時性的通訊系統，稱為應急蜂巢式行動通訊網路(Contingency Cellular Network，CCN)，供使用者在災區內進行通訊。由於資料庫的可靠度在行動通訊網路中具有舉足輕重之地位，本論文旨在利用分散式架構提高CCN網路資料庫的可靠度，進而提高系統可靠度。我們先分析資料表的特性，並依據各資料表的特性以及資源之多寡，設計相應的分散式架構。 我們利用樹狀拓樸的簡單特性，提出三種分散式架構：(1)用於群組資料表的階層備援式架構、(2)用於HLR資料表的階層備援式架構，以及(3)用於HLR資料表的鄰近階層備援式架構。這三種架構都利用了樹狀拓樸的簡單特性，大幅簡化了資料庫的查詢及更新程序。我們以可用度及平均總成本，以評估各架構在不同的情形下之最合適架構，並觀察在各架構下，其系統可用度與平均總成本之間的關係，由結果可知，在群組資料表儲存架構中，若追求高系統可用度，可選擇高儲存密度之架構，反之，若追求較低的成本，可選擇低儲存密度之架構。而在HLR資料表儲存架構中，階層備援式的系統可用度與平均總成本比鄰近階層備援式來得高，表示階層備援式耗費較多成本，但可用度也較高，故在建置時可依實際情況來選擇合適的架構儲存。最後，為驗證分散式資料庫架構之可行性，我們利用數部筆記型電腦及Android平台手機來建置階層備援式及鄰近階層備援式架構，並測量在此二種架構下於通話建立時所耗費的時間，從模擬結果可知，此二種架構皆可快速建置並可立即通訊，惟鄰近階層備援式所耗費的通話建立時間略長，但仍在可容許範圍之內。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) When stricken by a catastrophic natural disaster, the efficiency of disaster response operation is very critical to life saving. The efficiency of disaster response operation is greatly depending on communication systems. However, they were usually not dependable, including cellular networks, and often crashed due to power outage and backhaul link breakage. The failure of communication systems caused a big coordination problem to many disaster response operations. This thesis proposes a Contingency Cellular Network (CCN) by connecting isolated base stations to survival base stations using long-range wireless links to recover part of cellular network functionality. People can use their own cell phones for emergency communication in the disaster areas. CCN will be able to support a large number of disaster responders with limited resources in the early hours of disasters, thus to save many lives. Because the reliability of database plays a very important role in the CCN, this thesis proposes a distributed database architecture to improve the reliability of database so as the reliability of CCN. We take advantage of the simplicity of CCN tree topology to design three distributed database architectures: (1) Hierarchical Redundancy Architecture for “Group_Member ” table, (2) Hierarchical Redundancy Architecture for “HLR” table, and (3) Hierarchical Neighboring Redundancy Architecture for “HLR” table. The tree topology greatly simplified the query and update procedures. We use availability and average total cost to analytically evaluate all three architectures trying to identify the most appropriate architecture under different circumstances. Based on our evaluation results, CCN operators can choose the most appropriate architecture according to their realistic circumstances. Finally, in order to verify the feasibility of the proposed architectures, we implemented a simplified prototype using several laptops and Android mobile phones. The Hierarchical Redundancy Architecture and the Neighboring Redundancy Architecture were implemented. The results show that both architectures can be functional with reasonable performance except that Hierarchical Neighboring Redundancy Architecture may take longer time, but in a tolerable range, to setup a call. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章、簡介 11.1、災區應急通訊系統需求分析 31.1.1、大型天然災害發生時救災行動面臨的挑戰 31.1.2、固網與行動通訊系統癱瘓原因 41.1.3、通訊設備修復困難 51.1.4、大型災害的救災時效 61.1.5、應急通訊網建置之挑戰與需求 61.1.6、應急通訊網效能指標 91.2、應急通訊網路簡介 101.3、CCN網路可靠度提升 111.4、分散式資料庫概述 121.5、論文架構 13第二章、相關研究 142.1、第三代行動通訊架構 142.1.1、通用行動通訊系統陸地無線接入網 (UTRAN) 142.1.2、核心網路 (Core Network) 152.2、第四代行動通訊架構 162.2.1、e-UTRAN 172.2.2、EPC 172.2.3、LTE之公眾安全通訊系統發展 182.3、應急通訊系統種類 192.3.1、應急通訊系統相關研究 202.4、分散式資料庫邏輯架構 232.4.1、資料分割透通性(Fragmentation Transpartency) 232.4.2、資料重覆透通性(Replication Transpartency) 24第三章、應急蜂巢式行動通訊網路 (CCN) 263.1、系統架構 273.1.1、CCN連網方式 283.1.2、系統元件 293.2、通訊模式 313.2.1、災區通訊型態分類 313.2.2、CCN通訊模式 323.3、CCN功能架構(Functional Architecture) 343.4、CCN服務流程 363.5、建置與運轉流程 39第四章、CCN分散式架構群組通訊設計 404.1、CCN分散式架構群組通訊註冊程序 404.2、CCN分散式架構查詢受話端程序 414.3、CCN分散式架構通話程序 424.4、各元件服務群組通訊流程 454.4.1、通話建立流程 454.5、呼叫處理程序之有限狀態機 46第五章、CCN分散式資料庫架構設計 545.1、CCN資料庫建置需求 545.2、CCN資料庫設計 555.2.1、資料表設計 565.3、CCN分散式資料庫建置架構 585.3.1、Group_Member資料表儲存架構 595.3.2、HLR資料表儲存架構 615.4、查詢及更新資料演算法 645.4.1、Group_Member資料表查詢及更新資料演算法 645.4.2、HLR資料表查詢及更新資料演算法 66第六章、CCN分散式資料庫效能評估 736.1、可靠度評估 736.1.1、Group_Member資料表儲存架構 736.1.2、HLR資料表儲存架構 746.2、效能評估 746.2.1、Group_Member資料表儲存架構 766.2.2、HLR資料表儲存架構 816.3、各儲存架構之系統可用度與平均總成本之關係 966.3.1、Group_Member資料表儲存架構 966.3.2、HLR資料表儲存架構 996.4、結論 106第七章、CCN分散式架構系統模擬及效能分析 1087.1、系統模擬目的 1087.2、系統模擬環境 1087.3、實驗設備 1117.4、實驗項目及效能分析 112第八章、結論與未來研究方向 120參考文獻 122 zh_TW dc.format.extent 3735993 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0101971014 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 應急蜂巢式行動通訊網路 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 應急通訊 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 群組通訊 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 分散式資料庫 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Contingency Cellular Network en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Emergency Communication en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Agency Communication en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Distributed Database en_US dc.title (題名) 應急蜂巢式行動通訊網路之分散式資料庫設計 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Design of Distributed Database for Contingency Cellular Network en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [1]Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials International, Project 25, http://www.apcointl.org/frequency/project25.php, retrieved May 2010.[2]Alfayez Adel, Assiri Majid, Clerk Rutvij, and Alsaadan Usamah, "Evaluating the Viability of TETRA for US Public Safety Communication," University of Colorado at Boulder Interdisciplinary Telecommunications Program Capstone Project, Boulder, USA, Nov. 2009.[3]Yong Bai, Wencai Du, Zhengxin Ma, Chong Shen, Youling Zhou and Baodan Chen, "Emergency communication system by heterogeneous wireless networking,” 2011 International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCOM) , June 2010.[4]Melanie Basich, "Wireless When You Need It," http://www.policemag.com/ Channel/Technology/Articles/Print/Story/2009/01/Wireless-When-You-Need-It.aspx, retrieved Jan. 2009.[5]Jean-Charles Bazin, Hongdong Li, In So Kweon, Cédric Demonceaux, Pascal Vasseur and Katsushi Ikeuchi, "A Branch and Bound Approach to Correspondence and Grouping Problems," IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Tokoyo, Japan, Dec. 2012.[6]Carlo Bertolli, Daniele Tarchi, Romano Fantacci, Marco Vanneschi, and Andrea Tassi, "An Integrated Communication-Computing Solution in Emergency Management," ACM International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference 6th, Caen, France, June 2010.[7]Thomas H. 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