1. NCCU Academic Hub
  2. 學術產出
  3. 社會科學學院
  4. 學位論文
  5. Item

學術產出-學位論文

文章檢視/開啟

書目匯出

Google ScholarTM

政大圖書館

引文資訊

TAIR相關學術產出

題名 社會媒體與太陽花學運
Social Media and the Sunflower Student Movement
作者 凱琳娜
Böhm, Katharina
貢獻者 姜家雄
Chiang, Alex
凱琳娜
Böhm, Katharina
關鍵詞 太陽花學運
社會媒體
新媒體
台灣
社會運動
Sunflower Student Movement
Social Media
New Media
Taiwan
Social Movements
日期 2015
上傳時間 3-八月-2015 13:42:20 (UTC+8)
摘要 社交媒體在最近的社會運動中扮演了非常重要的角色，例如阿拉伯
之春、西班牙的Indignants 抗議運動，以及在北美的佔領華爾街運動，
皆凸顯出數位社交媒體的特殊地位與它對促進社會運動的貢獻。而
此篇碩士論文主要探討社交媒體在台灣的「太陽花運動」中所擔任
的角色。文中主張了社交媒體與「新媒體」已經是這個運動的延伸
與成功的重要因素。除了台灣年輕人常用的Facebook、Line 等社交
媒體之外，另一個使用社交媒體的重要因子是抗議者對台灣傳統媒
體的不信任。一般公民也可以透過「新媒體」成為抗議活動的一部
分，發揮和主流媒體相同的影響力。這些「新媒體」會為台灣更清
晰的民主鋪路，並同時提高年輕公民更多的政治意識。本論文的研
究包含來自Facebook 與PTT 還有「新媒體」的資料，此外，此論文
亦透過與太陽花學運參與者的採訪，評估他們在運動時使用社交媒
體的狀況。
Social media plays a crucial role in recent social movements. The Arab
Spring, the Indignants protest in Spain and the Occupy Wall Street
movement in North America highlighted the special role of digital social
media networks and its contribution to the facilitation of protest
movements. This master thesis examines the role of the social media in the
“Sunflower Student Movement” in Taiwan. It argues that social media and
the “new media” have been a crucial factor to the prolongation and success
of this movement. Besides the high penetration rate of social media, such
as Facebook and LINE, among young Taiwanese, another important factor
for protestors to use social media was the mistrust in the traditional
Taiwanese media. Through the “new media” ordinary citizens could
become a part of the protest and exert the same influence as the mainstream
media. The “new media” may pave the way for a more transparent
democracy in Taiwan and raise more political awareness among the young
citizens. The research of this thesis includes information collected from
Facebook and PTT as well as the “new media”. Additionally, interviews
among participants of the Sunflower Student Movement were conducted
to assess their use of social media during the movement.
參考文獻 Apple Daily 蘋果日報. (2014, March 21). 太陽花照亮學運Taiyanghua zhaoliang
xueyun [Sunflower lightens the student movement]. Retrieved June 29, 2015
from
http://www.appledaily.com.tw/appledaily/article/headline/20140321/3571540
/.
Apple Daily 蘋果日報. (2014, April 4). 誰能理解太陽花的心Shei neng lijie
taiyanghua de xin [Who can understand the heart of the Sunflower]. Retrieved
June 29, 2015 from
http://www.appledaily.com.tw/realtimenews/article/new/20140404/372747/.
Al Jazeera. (2012, July 19). Tunisia’s Ben Ali sentenced to life in jail. Retrieved June
29, 2015 from
http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/07/2012719161231698132.html.
Allagui, I. and Kuebler J. (2011). The Arab Spring and the role of ICTs. International
Journal of Communication. Vol. 5, pp. 1435-42. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/view/1392/616.
Anduiza et al. (2012). Mobilization through Online Social Networks: the political
protest of the indignados in Spain. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.academia.edu/306269/Mobilization_through_online_social_netw
rks_the_15M.
Aouragh, M. and Alexander, A. (2011) The Egyptian experience: Sense and nonsense
of the Internet Revolution. International Journal of Communication. Vol. 5,
pp. 1344-58. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/view/1191/610.
Arab Social Media Report (2011). Civil Movements: The Impact of Facebook and
Twitter. Retrieved April 17, 2015 from www.arabsocialmediareport.com.
Atton, C. (2003). Reshaping Social Movement Media for a New Millenium. Social
Movement Studies, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 3-15. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/1474283032000062530.
Baker, J. (2014, April 7). Taiwan Sunflower Movement Ends 3 Week Occupation. In
Revolution News. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://revolution
news.com/taiwan-sunflower-movement-ends-3-week-occupation/.
Bennett, W. L. (2013). The Logic of Connective Action: Digital Media and the
Personalization of Contentious Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Bentley, A. F. (1967). The Process of Government. Cambridge: Belknap Press of
Harvard University Press.
BBC News. (2013, August 3). Taiwan protest over Hung Chung-chiu death.
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia
23561244.
Bredl, K., Hunniger, J., & Jensen, J. L. (editor) (2014). Methods for Analyzing Social
Media.London: Routledge.
Cammaerts, B., Mattoni, A., & McCurdy, P. (editor) (2013). Mediation and Protest
Movements. Bristol, UK: Intellect.
Castells, M. (2012). Networks of Outrage and Hope: Social Movements in the Internet
Age. Cambridge, UK: Polity.
Chen, B., Liao, D., Wu, H. & Hwan, S. (2014). The Logic of Communitive Action: A
Case Study of Taiwan’s Sunflower Movement. Retrieved April 17, 2015 from
http://ipp.oii.ox.ac.uk/sites/ipp/files/documents/IPP2014_Chen.pdf.
Chen, Z. & Zhu, J. (2014, March 22). 服貿／力挺學生！高雄餐廳老闆兩萬朵太陽
北送聲援 Fumao/ liting xuesheng! Gaoxiong canting laoban liang wan duo
taiyanghua bei song shengyuan. [CSSTA/ Support the students! Kaohsiung
restaurant owner send twenty thousand Sunflower to the north as symbol of
solidarity]. In SET 三立新聞網. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.setn.com/News.aspx?NewsID=17608.
Cheng, T. Taiwan’s Sunflower Protest: Digital Anatomy of a Movement. Retrieved
June 29, 2015 from http://flipthemedia.com/2014/07/social-media-taiwan/.
Chesters, G., & Welsh, I. (2011). Social Movements: The Key Concepts. Milton Park
Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.
The China Post (2014, June 17). Survey shows that Taiwanese people love social
networks. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/national/national
news/2014/06/17/410347/Survey-shows.htm.
Chiu, Y. (2013, September 26). Taiwanese attachment to social media interests
Facebook, Twitter. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.zdnet.com/article/taiwanese-attachment-to-social-media-interests
facebook-twitter/.
Chung, L. (2014, March 24). More than 150 injured as police evict student protesters
from Taiwan parliament. In South China Morning Post. Retrieved June 29,
2015 from http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1455773/taipei-student
protesters-occupy-government-hq-ransack-cabinet-office.
Cole, J. M. (2014, March 31). Hundreds of Thousands Protest Against Trade Pact in
Taiwan. In The Diplomat. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://thediplomat.com/2014/03/hundreds-of-thousands-protest-against-trade
pact-in-taiwan/.
Cole, J. M. (2014, March 20). Taiwanese Occupy Legislature Over China Pact. In The
Diplomat. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://thediplomat.com/2014/03/taiwanese-occupy-legislature-over-china
pact/.
Cole, J.M. (2015, April 1). Taiwan Applies to Join AIIB Under ‘One China’,
Sparking Protests. In The Diplomat. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://thediplomat.com/2015/04/taiwan-applies-to-join-aiib-under-one-china
sparking-protests/.
Conover, M.D., Ferrara, E., Menczer, F., & Flammini, A. (2013). The Digital
Evolution of Occupy Wall Street. PLoS ONE 8(5): e64679. Retrieved June 29,
2015 from
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0064679.
d+d asia marketing association. Asia-Pacific Digital Factbook 2014. Retrieved June
29, 2015 from http://asiadigitalmarketingyearbook.com.
DEMO! Taiwan Democracy Movement (2014, March 27). Profile Pics to Declare
Your Solidarity with the Taiwan Sunflower Student Movement. Retrieved June
29, 2015 from http://twdemo.blogspot.tw/2014/03/profile-pics-to-declare-your
solidarity.html.
Democracy at 4am (2014). Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://4am.tw.
Donk, W. B. H. J. (2004). Cyberprotest: New Media, Citizens, and Social Movements.
London: Routledge.
Dkw (2014, March 18). [爆卦] 拒絕服貿硬上 30 秒，立院晚會現場直播Baogua
jujue fumao yingshang 30 miao, liyuan wanhui xianchang zhibo. [Explosion
Gossip: reject the service trade pact resolutely after 30 seconds, Legislative
Yuan evening assembly live broadcast]. [Figure 9]. In PTT.cc. Retrieved June
29, 2015 from http://disp.cc/b/796-7rk8.
Edwards, M. (2014). Social Media During the Egyptian Revolution: A Study of
Collective Identity and Organizational Function of Facebook & Co. Anchor
Academic Publishing.
Eltantaway, N., & Wiest, J.B. (2011) Social Media in the Egyptian Revolution:
Reconsidering Resource Mobilization Theory. International Journal of
Communication 5, pp. 1207-1224.
Epoch Times 文化新聞(2015, April 30). 太陽花學運新書剖析公民報導
Taiyanghua xueyun xinshu pouxi gongmin baodao shijian xin meiti [Sunflower
Student Movement book analyzes citizens reporting practices of new media].
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/15/5/1/n4424412.htm.
反黑箱服貿協議 Fan heixiang fumao xieyi [Against the Black Box Service Trade
Agreement] In Facebook. (2013). Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
https://www.facebook.com/antiblacktw?fref=ts.
Fanpage Karma (n.d). 黑色島國青年陣線. [Figure 6 and 7] Retrieved June 29, 2015
from
http://www.fanpagekarma.com/facebook/177308745785713/lslandnationyouth
Fanpage Karma (n.d.). 新聞e 論壇. [Figure 11]. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.fanpagekarma.com/facebook/155846434444584/NewseForum.
Fanpage Karma (n.d.). 沃草！（Watchout）[Figure 14]. Retrieved June 29, 2015
from
http://www.fanpagekarma.com/facebook/240170506141170/WatchOutTW.
Fuchs, C. (2012). Some Reflections on Manuel Castells’ Book Networks of Outrage
and Hope. Social Movements in the Internet Age. tripleC 10(2): pp. 775-797.
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://www.triple
c.at/index.php/tripleC/article/view/459/433.
Gerbaudo, P. (2012). Tweets and the Streets: Social Media and Contemporary
Activism. London: Pluto.
Gladwell, M. (2010, October 4). Small Change: Why the Revolution will not be
tweeted. In The New Yorker. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/10/04/small-change-malcolm
gladwell.
g0v.asia. (2014). Freedom of Speech and Information Transparency. [Figure 12].
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://g0v.asia/.
The Guardian. (2014, May 21). Hosni Mubarak to be jailed for corruption. Retrieved
June 29, 2015 from http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/21/hosni
mubarak-jailed-corruption.
Harrison, M. (2014). The Sunflower Movement in Taiwan. Retrieved April 17, 2015
from https://www.thechinastory.org/2014/04/the-sunflower-movement-in
taiwan/.
黑色島國青年陣線Heise daoguo qingnian chenxian. [Black Island Nation Youth
Front]. In Facebook. (2013). Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
https://www.facebook.com/lslandnationyouth.
黑色島國青年陣線Heise daoguo qingnian chenxian. [Black Island Nation Youth
Front]. (2013, March 19). [Facebook status update] [Figure 2]. Retrieved June
29, 2015 from
https://www.facebook.com/lslandnationyouth/posts/241454202704500?com
ent_id=534105&offset=0&total_comments=115.
Hong, Z. et al. (2015) 我是公民也是媒體：太陽花與新媒體實踐Wo shi gongmin
ye shi meiti: taiyanghua yu meiti shijian. [I am a citizen and also the media:
Sunflowers and the new media practices]. Taiwan: Locus.
Howard, P.N. et al. (2011). Opening Closed Regimes: What Was the Role of Social
Media During the Arab Spring? Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://ssrn.com/abstract=2595096.
Howard, P. N., & Hussain, M. M. (2013). Democracy`s fourth wave?: Digital media
and the Arab Spring. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hsiao, M. (2011). Social Movements in Taiwan: A Typological Analysis. In: J.
Broadbent & V.Brockman (ed.) East Asian Social Movements. Power, Protest,
and Change in a Dynamic Region. New York: Springer, pp. 237-254.
Huang, Yu-fen, Lynn, M. & Wei, Y. (2014, April 11). Taiwan’s Sunflower
Movement. Interview with Two Student Leaders. Retrieved April 17, 2015
from http://www.policyinnovations.org/ideas/audio/data/000646.
Internet World Stats: Usage and Population Statistics. Retrieved April 17, 2015 from
http://www.internetworldstats.com.
Kaeding, M. P. (July 2014). Challenging Hongkongisation: the role of Taiwan’s
social movements and perceptions of post-handover Hong Kong. In: Taiwan in
Comparative Perspective, Vol. 5, pp. 120-133.
The Ketagalan Project. (2014). Technology and Movements (KP13). Retrieved April
17, 2015 from http://www.ketagalanmedia.com/2014/04/25/technology
movements-kp13/.
Khamis, S. (Fall 2011). The Arab „Feminist“ Spring? Feminist Studies, Vol. 37, No.
3, Feminist Histories and Institutional Practices, pp. 692-695.
Lai, W. (2014, August 5). 太阳花盛开催生台湾新媒体 Taiyanghua shenkai
cuisheng Taiwan xinmeiti [The Sunflower blooms and creates a new form of
Taiwanese media]. In WatChinese 看雜志. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
https://www.watchinese.com/gb/article/2014/16844?page=2.
Li, J. (2014, May 15). 看太陽花運動中的新媒體g0v X 沃草X 臺大新聞E 論壇
驗分kan taiyanghua yundongzhong de xin meiti g0v X wocao X taida xinwen
E luntan jingyan fenxiang [Having a look at the new media in the Sunflower
Movement g0v X wocao X National Taiwan University News E-Forum
experience sharing]. Retrieved April 17, 2015 from
http://ntujournal.blogspot.tw/2014/05/g0ve.html.
Liberty Times Net 自由時報. (2014, April 4). 佔領國會》王金平保證監督條例未
法 不開服貿協商會議 Zhanling guohui wangjinping baozheng jiandu tiaoli
wie lifa bu kai fumao xiehsang huiyi [Occupied Congress: Wang Jin-ping
guarantees to inspect the regulations, but not to enact it yet. Service Trade
consultations were not open]. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/politics/breakingnews/982643.
Liberty Times Net 自由時報. (2015, June 22).「創世神」談PTT 生態鄉民：上
宅神！Chuangshi shentan PTT shengtai xiangmin: Shanggu zhaishen! [“God
of Creation” talks about the ecology of PTT; Villagers: ancient nerd god!”].
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/breakingnews/1356201.
Lin, E. (2014). The Sunflower Movement, brought to you by the Internet. Retrieved
April 17, 2015 from
http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/print/2014/04/03/2003587148.
Lin, I. (2014). How Technology and Citizen Media shaped Taiwan’s Sunflower
Movement. Retrieved April 17, 2015 from
https://globalvoicesonline.org/2014/04/20/how-technology-and-citizen
media-shaped-taiwans-sunflower-movement/.
Lin, T. (2014, May 21). 匯集多元智能展現新型協力：新媒體，新實踐Huiji
duoyuan zhineng zhanxian xinxing xieli: Xin meiti, xin shijian [Collection of Diverse Intelligence: New Media, New Practices]. Retrieved April 17, 2015
from http://ntujournal.blogspot.tw/2014/05/blog-post_4972.html.
Liu, M. (2014, April 11). 藍搶排審監督機制綠嗆「半分忠又來了」 Lan qiang pai
shen jiandu jizhi lü qiang “banfen zhong you laile” [Blue camp pushes the
supervision mechanism, Green camp chokes “Here comes the half minute
devotion again”]. In Taiwan People News 民報. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.peoplenews.tw/news/092f4412-9cd1-4dc6-b970-173bfa1c7996.
Mai, Z., & Shi, J. (2001). Taiwan’s economic success since 1980. Cheltenham, UK:
E. Elgar.
Martinez-Torres, M.E. (2001). Civil Society, the Internet, and the Zapatistas. Peace
Review: A Journal of Social Justice, Volume 13, Issue 3, pp. 347-355.
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13668800120079045.
Marx, G. T., & McAdam, D. (1994). Collective Behavior and Social Movements:
Process and Structure. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall.
Milan, S. (2013). Social Movements and their Technologies: Wiring Social Change.
New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Ministry of Communication and Information Technology. (2013). The Future of the
Internet Economy in Egypt. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.new.egyptictindicators.gov.eg/en/Publications/PublicationsDoc/
e%20Future%20of%20the%20Internet%20Economy%20%20Version%20II.
df.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2013, April 9). Infrastructure - Taipei Representative
Office in Norway 駐挪威代表處. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.roc
taiwan.org/NO/ct.asp?xItem=108976&ctNode=9173&mp=517.
Mo, Y. (2013, June 22). Cross-strait Service Trade Pact signed. In: Taipei Times.
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2013/06/22/2003565371.
Morozov, E. (2011). The Net Delusion: The Dark Side of Internet Freedom. New
York: Public Affairs.
Morozov, E. (2011, March 7). Facebook and Twitter are just places revolutionaries
go. In The Guardian. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/mar/07/facebook-twitter
revolutionaries-cyber-utopians.
Musou 國會無雙(2014). 關於國會無雙Guanyu guohui wushuang [About
„Congress Warriors“]. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://musou.tw/about.
Olson, M. (1965). The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of
Groups. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.
Ping, L. (2014, April 26). US academics weigh in on Sunflower Movement in
Taiwan. In Want China Times. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.wantchinatimes.com/news-subclass
cnt.aspx?id=20140426000028&cid=1702.
Postill, J. (2014, August 1). 3. How Spain’s indignados movement was born.
Retrieved June 29 2015 from http://johnpostill.com/2014/08/01/how-spains
indignados-movement-was-born/.
Prensky, M. (2001). Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants. On the Horizon, Vol. 9, No.
5, pp. 1-6, MCB University Press. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/default.asp.
Reuters (2015, February 9). Taiwan to indict Sunflower Movement student leaders.
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/02/10/us
taiwan-protests-idUSKBN0LE0AJ20150210.
Rohlinger, D. A, Bunnage, L. A. & Klein, J. (2014). Virtual Power Plays: Social
Movements, Internet Communication Technology, and Political Parties. The
Internet and Democracy in Global Perspective. Studies in Public Choice,
Volume 31, pp. 83-109. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-04352-4_6#.
Ronfeldt, D., Arquilla, J., Fuller, G.E., & Fuller, M. (1999). The Zapatista “Social
Netwar” in Mexico. Sant Monica, CA; Washington D.C.: RAND Corporation.
Rowen, I. (2015). Inside Taiwan’s Sunflower Movement: Twenty-Four Days in a
Student-Occupied Parliament, and the Future of the Region. The Journal of
Asian Studies, Vol. 74/1, pp. 5-21.
Russell, A. (2011) Extra-National Information Flows, Social Media, and the 2011
Egyptian Uprising. International Journal of Communication 5, pp. 1238-1247.
Schubert, G., & Damm, J. (2011). Taiwanese Identity in the 21st Century: Domestic,
Regional and Global Perspectives. Haboken: Taylor & Francis.
Shih, Tsung-Jen. Social Media and Political Participation in Taiwan. In: Willnat, L.,
& Aw, A. (editor) (2014). Social Media, Culture and Politics in Asia. New
York: Peter Lang, pp. 84-105.
Shirky, C. (2008). Here Comes Everybody: The Power of Organizing Without
Organizations. New York: Penguin Press.
Smith, G. (2014, May 29). Taiwan’s Sunflower Movement. In Foreign Policy in
Focus. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://fpif.org/taiwans-sunflower
movement/.
Socialbakers – Facebook Statistics (2015). 批踢踢實業坊(Ptt.cc). [Figure 8].
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.socialbakers.com/statistics/facebook/pages/detail/263222741363
ptt-cc.
Stadd, A. (2013, January 29). Remember Twitter Rival Plurk? It Just Locked Down A
Million –Dollar Investment. In Social Times. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.adweek.com/socialtimes/plurk/476593.
Statista: The Statistics Portal. (n.d.) Facebook penetration rates in MENA countries at
the start of the Arab Spring demonstrations in 2011. [Figure 1]. Retrieved
June 29, 2015 from http://www.statista.com/statistics/236602/facebookpenetration-
rate-at-the-start-of-arab-spring-protests-by-country/.
Statista: The Statistics Portal. (n.d.) Twitter penetration in selected Asia Pacific
countries as of 4th quarter 2014. [Figure 15]. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.statista.com/statistics/254803/twitter-penetration-in-selected-apac
countries/.
Stepanova, E. The Role of Information Communication Technologies in the “Arab
Spring”. Implications Beyond the Region. PONARS Eurasia Policy Memo No.
159, May 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2015, from
http://www.ponarseurasia.com/sites/default/files/policy-memos
pdf/pepm_159.pdf.
Sunflower Movement 太陽花學運. In Facebook. (2014). Retrieved June 29, 2015
from https://www.facebook.com/sunflowermovement?fref=ts.
Sunflower Movement [SunflowerMvmt]. (2014). [Twitter]. Retrieved June 29, 2015
from https://twitter.com/sunflowermvmt.
Tableau (n.d.). Taiwan Institute for Information Industry Studies Social Media Trends
with Tableau. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://www.tableau.com/de
de/node/30801.
Taipei Times (2014, February 28). Taiwan likes Facebook, has highest penetration.
Retrieved April 17, 2015 from
http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2014/02/28/2003584495.
Taipei Times (2014, April 3). Lin, E. The Sunflower Movement, brought to you by the
Internet. Retrieved April 17, 2015 from
http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/archives/2014/04/03/2003587148/2.
Yu, G. (2013, October 9). 黑島青年奮起！雙十除三害行動啟航！Heidao qingnian
fenqi! Shuangshi chu san hai xingdong qihang! [ Black Island Youth rises up!
On Double Ten the three rascles set sail for action!] In Taiwan Good Life 台
好生活. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.taiwangoodlife.org/story/20131009/5266.
Taiwan Today (2014, August 22). Social networking tops Taiwan Internet usage
survey. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://taiwantoday.tw/ct.asp?xItem=220898&ctNode=413.
Taiwan Network Information Center (n.d.). Retrieved April 17, 2015 from
http://www.twnic.net.tw.
Taiwanesische Verhältnisse. Hintergrundberichte zur Parlamentsbesetzung in Taiwan.
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from https://politikintaiwan.wordpress.com/.
TechOrange 科技報橘(2014, 26 March). 318 學潮的學生新媒體，臺大新聞壇：
流媒體不做事實報導，我們自己做318 xuechao de xuesheng xinmeiti, taida
xinwenE luntan: zhuliu meiti bu zuo shishi baodao, women ziji zuo The
student’s new media in the 318 student protest, National Taiwan University
News E-Forum: Mainstream media doesn’t report the facts, so we do it
ourselves. Retrieved April 17, 2015 from
http://buzzorange.com/techorange/2014/03/26/ntu-e-journalism-do
journalism-by themselves/.
TWNIC. Wireless Internet Usage in Taiwan. Summary Report of October 2014
Survey. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.twnic.net.tw/download/200307/200307index.shtml.
TWNIC (2015, January). 台灣無線網路使用狀況調查摘要分析Taiwan wuxian
wanglu shiyong zhuangkuang diaocha zhaiyao fenxi [Survey summary
analysis of the usage of wireless Internet in Taiwan]. [Figure 3]. Retrieved
June 29, 2015 from
http://www.twnic.net.tw/download/200307/20150202b.pdf.
Tzeng, A. (2014). Sunflower Movement: An Analytic Review. Retrieved April 17,
2015 from http://www.academia.edu/7485979/Sunflower_Movement
_An_Analytic_Review.
Van, G. S. (2011). This changes everything: Occupy Wall Street and the 99%
Movement. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Vice News (2014, March 31). The ‘Sunflower Movement’ Gathers Support and
Momentum in Taiwan. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
https://news.vice.com/article/the-sunflower-movement-gathers-support-and
momentum-in-taiwan.
Wei, K. (2014, April 2). Overseas Taiwanese keep China pact protest alive. In The
China Post. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/foreign
affairs/2014/04/02/404262/Overseas-Taiwanese.htm.
Wei, P. (2015, April 8). Taiwan: Ma’s AIIB Dilemma. In The Diplomat. Retrieved
June 29, 2015 from http://thediplomat.com/2015/04/taiwan-mas-aiib
dilemma/.
沃草！Watchout Facebook. (2014). In Facebook. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
https://www.facebook.com/WatchOutTW/.
沃草！Watchout Facebook. (2014, March 11). 【沃草新聞稿】江宜樺 ：服貿
判，台灣無權修改Wocao xinwen gao jiangyihua: fumao tanpan, Taiwan
wuquanxiugai [Watchout Press Release: Jiang Yi-huah: Service Trade
Agreement negotiations, Taiwan has no right to modify]. [Facebook Status,
Figure 14]. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
https://www.facebook.com/WatchOutTW/photos/a.29024834446671910737
1839.240170506141170/278340175657536/.
沃草！Watchout Facebook. (2014, March 17). [Facebook Status]. Retrieved June 29,
2015 from
https://www.facebook.com/WatchOutTW/posts/10203293473916665.
Xi, A. (2014, March 31). 一觸即發!白狼將號召2 千人衝議場愚人節「點醒學
生」稱絕不挑釁 員警繃緊神經 學生代表:歡迎來談立院周邊不安寧 里長
籲生早日撤 Yichujifa! Bailang jiang haozaho 2 qianren chong yichang
yurenjie „dianxing xuesheng“ chengjue bu tiaoxin, yuanjing bengjin shenjing
xuesheng daibiao: huanying lai tan, liyuan zhoubian bu anning lizhang
yusheng zaori che [Explosive! White Wolf will call 2,000 people to clash the
square, April Fool’s Day “Wake Students up” said no provocation, police wit
close attention, Student representative: Welcome to talk, unrest next to the
Legislative Yuan, Borough chief calls to withdraw early. In TTV 台視新聞.
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.ttv.com.tw/103/03/1030331/10303314925302L.htm.
Xinhuanet. (2013, June 21). Mainland, Taiwan negotiators sign service trade
agreement. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2013-06/21/c_132475474.htm.
小無的不臘閣Xiaowu de bu lage. (2014, March 26). [服貿]太陽花服貿與集資
Fumao taiyanghua fumao yu jizi guanggao [Service-trade Agreement:
Sunflower, Service-trade agreement and fund-raising advertisement] [Figure
12]. Retrieved from June 29, 2015 from http://smallwu36.pixnet.net/blog/.
Zayed, D. (2011, January 18). Egyptians set themselves after Tunisia unrest.
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/01/18/us
tunisia-egypt-immolation-idUSTRE70H3L720110118.
Žižek, S. (2012, April 24). Occupy Wall Street: what is to be done next? Retrieved
June 29, 2015 from
http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/cifamerica/2012/apr/24/occupy
wall-street-what-is-to-be-done-next.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS)
102926019
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102926019
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 姜家雄zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Chiang, Alexen_US
dc.contributor.author (作者) 凱琳娜zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (作者) Böhm, Katharinaen_US
dc.creator (作者) 凱琳娜zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Böhm, Katharinaen_US
dc.date (日期) 2015en_US
dc.date.accessioned 3-八月-2015 13:42:20 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 3-八月-2015 13:42:20 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 3-八月-2015 13:42:20 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0102926019en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/77305-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 102926019zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 社交媒體在最近的社會運動中扮演了非常重要的角色，例如阿拉伯
之春、西班牙的Indignants 抗議運動，以及在北美的佔領華爾街運動，
皆凸顯出數位社交媒體的特殊地位與它對促進社會運動的貢獻。而
此篇碩士論文主要探討社交媒體在台灣的「太陽花運動」中所擔任
的角色。文中主張了社交媒體與「新媒體」已經是這個運動的延伸
與成功的重要因素。除了台灣年輕人常用的Facebook、Line 等社交
媒體之外，另一個使用社交媒體的重要因子是抗議者對台灣傳統媒
體的不信任。一般公民也可以透過「新媒體」成為抗議活動的一部
分，發揮和主流媒體相同的影響力。這些「新媒體」會為台灣更清
晰的民主鋪路，並同時提高年輕公民更多的政治意識。本論文的研
究包含來自Facebook 與PTT 還有「新媒體」的資料，此外，此論文
亦透過與太陽花學運參與者的採訪，評估他們在運動時使用社交媒
體的狀況。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Social media plays a crucial role in recent social movements. The Arab
Spring, the Indignants protest in Spain and the Occupy Wall Street
movement in North America highlighted the special role of digital social
media networks and its contribution to the facilitation of protest
movements. This master thesis examines the role of the social media in the
“Sunflower Student Movement” in Taiwan. It argues that social media and
the “new media” have been a crucial factor to the prolongation and success
of this movement. Besides the high penetration rate of social media, such
as Facebook and LINE, among young Taiwanese, another important factor
for protestors to use social media was the mistrust in the traditional
Taiwanese media. Through the “new media” ordinary citizens could
become a part of the protest and exert the same influence as the mainstream
media. The “new media” may pave the way for a more transparent
democracy in Taiwan and raise more political awareness among the young
citizens. The research of this thesis includes information collected from
Facebook and PTT as well as the “new media”. Additionally, interviews
among participants of the Sunflower Student Movement were conducted
to assess their use of social media during the movement.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................1
1.1 Overview.........................................................................................................1
1.2 Background .....................................................................................................3
1.3 Purpose of Research........................................................................................5
1.4 Literature Review............................................................................................5
1.5 Definition of Terms.......................................................................................16
1.6 Theoretical Framework .................................................................................17
1.7 Methodology .................................................................................................17
1.8 Limitations and Contributions.......................................................................19
2. Networked Social Movements in the Recent Years .............................................20
2.1 The Impact of Social Media on the Arab Spring ..........................................21
2.2 The Indignants Movement in Spain ..............................................................24
2.3 Occupy Wall Street Movement in North America........................................28
3. Anatomy of the Sunflower Student Movement ....................................................31
3.1 Background ...................................................................................................31
3.2 Origin of the Name........................................................................................31
3.3 Occupation of the Legislative Yuan..............................................................32
3.4 End of the Protest ..........................................................................................34
4. Social Media and the Sunflower Student Movement ...........................................35
4.1 Social Media Landscape in Taiwan ..............................................................35
4.2 The Birth of “New Media” in Taiwan...........................................................37
4.3 Facebook .......................................................................................................39
4.4 Black Island Nation Youth Front and its use of Social Media......................40
4.5 PTT................................................................................................................43
4.6 News E-Forum ..............................................................................................48
4.7 g0v.tw............................................................................................................52
4.8 Watchout! ......................................................................................................54
4.9 Democracy at 4am.........................................................................................57
4.10 The special case of Twitter............................................................................58
4.11 Translation Groups as a Channel to the International Community..............60
4.10 Limitations and Contributions of Social Media ............................................65
5. Conclusion............................................................................................................66
5.1 Prospects and Future Research......................................................................69
6. References ............................................................................................................71		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 1984717 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102926019en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 太陽花學運zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會媒體zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新媒體zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 台灣zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會運動zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Sunflower Student Movementen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Social Mediaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) New Mediaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Taiwanen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Social Movementsen_US
dc.title (題名) 社會媒體與太陽花學運zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Social Media and the Sunflower Student Movementen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Apple Daily 蘋果日報. (2014, March 21). 太陽花照亮學運Taiyanghua zhaoliang
xueyun [Sunflower lightens the student movement]. Retrieved June 29, 2015
from
http://www.appledaily.com.tw/appledaily/article/headline/20140321/3571540
/.
Apple Daily 蘋果日報. (2014, April 4). 誰能理解太陽花的心Shei neng lijie
taiyanghua de xin [Who can understand the heart of the Sunflower]. Retrieved
June 29, 2015 from
http://www.appledaily.com.tw/realtimenews/article/new/20140404/372747/.
Al Jazeera. (2012, July 19). Tunisia’s Ben Ali sentenced to life in jail. Retrieved June
29, 2015 from
http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/07/2012719161231698132.html.
Allagui, I. and Kuebler J. (2011). The Arab Spring and the role of ICTs. International
Journal of Communication. Vol. 5, pp. 1435-42. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/view/1392/616.
Anduiza et al. (2012). Mobilization through Online Social Networks: the political
protest of the indignados in Spain. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.academia.edu/306269/Mobilization_through_online_social_netw
rks_the_15M.
Aouragh, M. and Alexander, A. (2011) The Egyptian experience: Sense and nonsense
of the Internet Revolution. International Journal of Communication. Vol. 5,
pp. 1344-58. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/view/1191/610.
Arab Social Media Report (2011). Civil Movements: The Impact of Facebook and
Twitter. Retrieved April 17, 2015 from www.arabsocialmediareport.com.
Atton, C. (2003). Reshaping Social Movement Media for a New Millenium. Social
Movement Studies, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 3-15. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/1474283032000062530.
Baker, J. (2014, April 7). Taiwan Sunflower Movement Ends 3 Week Occupation. In
Revolution News. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://revolution
news.com/taiwan-sunflower-movement-ends-3-week-occupation/.
Bennett, W. L. (2013). The Logic of Connective Action: Digital Media and the
Personalization of Contentious Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Bentley, A. F. (1967). The Process of Government. Cambridge: Belknap Press of
Harvard University Press.
BBC News. (2013, August 3). Taiwan protest over Hung Chung-chiu death.
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia
23561244.
Bredl, K., Hunniger, J., & Jensen, J. L. (editor) (2014). Methods for Analyzing Social
Media.London: Routledge.
Cammaerts, B., Mattoni, A., & McCurdy, P. (editor) (2013). Mediation and Protest
Movements. Bristol, UK: Intellect.
Castells, M. (2012). Networks of Outrage and Hope: Social Movements in the Internet
Age. Cambridge, UK: Polity.
Chen, B., Liao, D., Wu, H. & Hwan, S. (2014). The Logic of Communitive Action: A
Case Study of Taiwan’s Sunflower Movement. Retrieved April 17, 2015 from
http://ipp.oii.ox.ac.uk/sites/ipp/files/documents/IPP2014_Chen.pdf.
Chen, Z. & Zhu, J. (2014, March 22). 服貿／力挺學生！高雄餐廳老闆兩萬朵太陽
北送聲援 Fumao/ liting xuesheng! Gaoxiong canting laoban liang wan duo
taiyanghua bei song shengyuan. [CSSTA/ Support the students! Kaohsiung
restaurant owner send twenty thousand Sunflower to the north as symbol of
solidarity]. In SET 三立新聞網. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.setn.com/News.aspx?NewsID=17608.
Cheng, T. Taiwan’s Sunflower Protest: Digital Anatomy of a Movement. Retrieved
June 29, 2015 from http://flipthemedia.com/2014/07/social-media-taiwan/.
Chesters, G., & Welsh, I. (2011). Social Movements: The Key Concepts. Milton Park
Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.
The China Post (2014, June 17). Survey shows that Taiwanese people love social
networks. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/national/national
news/2014/06/17/410347/Survey-shows.htm.
Chiu, Y. (2013, September 26). Taiwanese attachment to social media interests
Facebook, Twitter. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.zdnet.com/article/taiwanese-attachment-to-social-media-interests
facebook-twitter/.
Chung, L. (2014, March 24). More than 150 injured as police evict student protesters
from Taiwan parliament. In South China Morning Post. Retrieved June 29,
2015 from http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1455773/taipei-student
protesters-occupy-government-hq-ransack-cabinet-office.
Cole, J. M. (2014, March 31). Hundreds of Thousands Protest Against Trade Pact in
Taiwan. In The Diplomat. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://thediplomat.com/2014/03/hundreds-of-thousands-protest-against-trade
pact-in-taiwan/.
Cole, J. M. (2014, March 20). Taiwanese Occupy Legislature Over China Pact. In The
Diplomat. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://thediplomat.com/2014/03/taiwanese-occupy-legislature-over-china
pact/.
Cole, J.M. (2015, April 1). Taiwan Applies to Join AIIB Under ‘One China’,
Sparking Protests. In The Diplomat. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://thediplomat.com/2015/04/taiwan-applies-to-join-aiib-under-one-china
sparking-protests/.
Conover, M.D., Ferrara, E., Menczer, F., & Flammini, A. (2013). The Digital
Evolution of Occupy Wall Street. PLoS ONE 8(5): e64679. Retrieved June 29,
2015 from
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0064679.
d+d asia marketing association. Asia-Pacific Digital Factbook 2014. Retrieved June
29, 2015 from http://asiadigitalmarketingyearbook.com.
DEMO! Taiwan Democracy Movement (2014, March 27). Profile Pics to Declare
Your Solidarity with the Taiwan Sunflower Student Movement. Retrieved June
29, 2015 from http://twdemo.blogspot.tw/2014/03/profile-pics-to-declare-your
solidarity.html.
Democracy at 4am (2014). Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://4am.tw.
Donk, W. B. H. J. (2004). Cyberprotest: New Media, Citizens, and Social Movements.
London: Routledge.
Dkw (2014, March 18). [爆卦] 拒絕服貿硬上 30 秒，立院晚會現場直播Baogua
jujue fumao yingshang 30 miao, liyuan wanhui xianchang zhibo. [Explosion
Gossip: reject the service trade pact resolutely after 30 seconds, Legislative
Yuan evening assembly live broadcast]. [Figure 9]. In PTT.cc. Retrieved June
29, 2015 from http://disp.cc/b/796-7rk8.
Edwards, M. (2014). Social Media During the Egyptian Revolution: A Study of
Collective Identity and Organizational Function of Facebook & Co. Anchor
Academic Publishing.
Eltantaway, N., & Wiest, J.B. (2011) Social Media in the Egyptian Revolution:
Reconsidering Resource Mobilization Theory. International Journal of
Communication 5, pp. 1207-1224.
Epoch Times 文化新聞(2015, April 30). 太陽花學運新書剖析公民報導
Taiyanghua xueyun xinshu pouxi gongmin baodao shijian xin meiti [Sunflower
Student Movement book analyzes citizens reporting practices of new media].
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/15/5/1/n4424412.htm.
反黑箱服貿協議 Fan heixiang fumao xieyi [Against the Black Box Service Trade
Agreement] In Facebook. (2013). Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
https://www.facebook.com/antiblacktw?fref=ts.
Fanpage Karma (n.d). 黑色島國青年陣線. [Figure 6 and 7] Retrieved June 29, 2015
from
http://www.fanpagekarma.com/facebook/177308745785713/lslandnationyouth
Fanpage Karma (n.d.). 新聞e 論壇. [Figure 11]. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.fanpagekarma.com/facebook/155846434444584/NewseForum.
Fanpage Karma (n.d.). 沃草！（Watchout）[Figure 14]. Retrieved June 29, 2015
from
http://www.fanpagekarma.com/facebook/240170506141170/WatchOutTW.
Fuchs, C. (2012). Some Reflections on Manuel Castells’ Book Networks of Outrage
and Hope. Social Movements in the Internet Age. tripleC 10(2): pp. 775-797.
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://www.triple
c.at/index.php/tripleC/article/view/459/433.
Gerbaudo, P. (2012). Tweets and the Streets: Social Media and Contemporary
Activism. London: Pluto.
Gladwell, M. (2010, October 4). Small Change: Why the Revolution will not be
tweeted. In The New Yorker. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/10/04/small-change-malcolm
gladwell.
g0v.asia. (2014). Freedom of Speech and Information Transparency. [Figure 12].
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://g0v.asia/.
The Guardian. (2014, May 21). Hosni Mubarak to be jailed for corruption. Retrieved
June 29, 2015 from http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/21/hosni
mubarak-jailed-corruption.
Harrison, M. (2014). The Sunflower Movement in Taiwan. Retrieved April 17, 2015
from https://www.thechinastory.org/2014/04/the-sunflower-movement-in
taiwan/.
黑色島國青年陣線Heise daoguo qingnian chenxian. [Black Island Nation Youth
Front]. In Facebook. (2013). Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
https://www.facebook.com/lslandnationyouth.
黑色島國青年陣線Heise daoguo qingnian chenxian. [Black Island Nation Youth
Front]. (2013, March 19). [Facebook status update] [Figure 2]. Retrieved June
29, 2015 from
https://www.facebook.com/lslandnationyouth/posts/241454202704500?com
ent_id=534105&offset=0&total_comments=115.
Hong, Z. et al. (2015) 我是公民也是媒體：太陽花與新媒體實踐Wo shi gongmin
ye shi meiti: taiyanghua yu meiti shijian. [I am a citizen and also the media:
Sunflowers and the new media practices]. Taiwan: Locus.
Howard, P.N. et al. (2011). Opening Closed Regimes: What Was the Role of Social
Media During the Arab Spring? Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://ssrn.com/abstract=2595096.
Howard, P. N., & Hussain, M. M. (2013). Democracy`s fourth wave?: Digital media
and the Arab Spring. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hsiao, M. (2011). Social Movements in Taiwan: A Typological Analysis. In: J.
Broadbent & V.Brockman (ed.) East Asian Social Movements. Power, Protest,
and Change in a Dynamic Region. New York: Springer, pp. 237-254.
Huang, Yu-fen, Lynn, M. & Wei, Y. (2014, April 11). Taiwan’s Sunflower
Movement. Interview with Two Student Leaders. Retrieved April 17, 2015
from http://www.policyinnovations.org/ideas/audio/data/000646.
Internet World Stats: Usage and Population Statistics. Retrieved April 17, 2015 from
http://www.internetworldstats.com.
Kaeding, M. P. (July 2014). Challenging Hongkongisation: the role of Taiwan’s
social movements and perceptions of post-handover Hong Kong. In: Taiwan in
Comparative Perspective, Vol. 5, pp. 120-133.
The Ketagalan Project. (2014). Technology and Movements (KP13). Retrieved April
17, 2015 from http://www.ketagalanmedia.com/2014/04/25/technology
movements-kp13/.
Khamis, S. (Fall 2011). The Arab „Feminist“ Spring? Feminist Studies, Vol. 37, No.
3, Feminist Histories and Institutional Practices, pp. 692-695.
Lai, W. (2014, August 5). 太阳花盛开催生台湾新媒体 Taiyanghua shenkai
cuisheng Taiwan xinmeiti [The Sunflower blooms and creates a new form of
Taiwanese media]. In WatChinese 看雜志. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
https://www.watchinese.com/gb/article/2014/16844?page=2.
Li, J. (2014, May 15). 看太陽花運動中的新媒體g0v X 沃草X 臺大新聞E 論壇
驗分kan taiyanghua yundongzhong de xin meiti g0v X wocao X taida xinwen
E luntan jingyan fenxiang [Having a look at the new media in the Sunflower
Movement g0v X wocao X National Taiwan University News E-Forum
experience sharing]. Retrieved April 17, 2015 from
http://ntujournal.blogspot.tw/2014/05/g0ve.html.
Liberty Times Net 自由時報. (2014, April 4). 佔領國會》王金平保證監督條例未
法 不開服貿協商會議 Zhanling guohui wangjinping baozheng jiandu tiaoli
wie lifa bu kai fumao xiehsang huiyi [Occupied Congress: Wang Jin-ping
guarantees to inspect the regulations, but not to enact it yet. Service Trade
consultations were not open]. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/politics/breakingnews/982643.
Liberty Times Net 自由時報. (2015, June 22).「創世神」談PTT 生態鄉民：上
宅神！Chuangshi shentan PTT shengtai xiangmin: Shanggu zhaishen! [“God
of Creation” talks about the ecology of PTT; Villagers: ancient nerd god!”].
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/breakingnews/1356201.
Lin, E. (2014). The Sunflower Movement, brought to you by the Internet. Retrieved
April 17, 2015 from
http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/print/2014/04/03/2003587148.
Lin, I. (2014). How Technology and Citizen Media shaped Taiwan’s Sunflower
Movement. Retrieved April 17, 2015 from
https://globalvoicesonline.org/2014/04/20/how-technology-and-citizen
media-shaped-taiwans-sunflower-movement/.
Lin, T. (2014, May 21). 匯集多元智能展現新型協力：新媒體，新實踐Huiji
duoyuan zhineng zhanxian xinxing xieli: Xin meiti, xin shijian [Collection of Diverse Intelligence: New Media, New Practices]. Retrieved April 17, 2015
from http://ntujournal.blogspot.tw/2014/05/blog-post_4972.html.
Liu, M. (2014, April 11). 藍搶排審監督機制綠嗆「半分忠又來了」 Lan qiang pai
shen jiandu jizhi lü qiang “banfen zhong you laile” [Blue camp pushes the
supervision mechanism, Green camp chokes “Here comes the half minute
devotion again”]. In Taiwan People News 民報. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.peoplenews.tw/news/092f4412-9cd1-4dc6-b970-173bfa1c7996.
Mai, Z., & Shi, J. (2001). Taiwan’s economic success since 1980. Cheltenham, UK:
E. Elgar.
Martinez-Torres, M.E. (2001). Civil Society, the Internet, and the Zapatistas. Peace
Review: A Journal of Social Justice, Volume 13, Issue 3, pp. 347-355.
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13668800120079045.
Marx, G. T., & McAdam, D. (1994). Collective Behavior and Social Movements:
Process and Structure. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall.
Milan, S. (2013). Social Movements and their Technologies: Wiring Social Change.
New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Ministry of Communication and Information Technology. (2013). The Future of the
Internet Economy in Egypt. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.new.egyptictindicators.gov.eg/en/Publications/PublicationsDoc/
e%20Future%20of%20the%20Internet%20Economy%20%20Version%20II.
df.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2013, April 9). Infrastructure - Taipei Representative
Office in Norway 駐挪威代表處. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.roc
taiwan.org/NO/ct.asp?xItem=108976&ctNode=9173&mp=517.
Mo, Y. (2013, June 22). Cross-strait Service Trade Pact signed. In: Taipei Times.
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2013/06/22/2003565371.
Morozov, E. (2011). The Net Delusion: The Dark Side of Internet Freedom. New
York: Public Affairs.
Morozov, E. (2011, March 7). Facebook and Twitter are just places revolutionaries
go. In The Guardian. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/mar/07/facebook-twitter
revolutionaries-cyber-utopians.
Musou 國會無雙(2014). 關於國會無雙Guanyu guohui wushuang [About
„Congress Warriors“]. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://musou.tw/about.
Olson, M. (1965). The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of
Groups. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.
Ping, L. (2014, April 26). US academics weigh in on Sunflower Movement in
Taiwan. In Want China Times. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.wantchinatimes.com/news-subclass
cnt.aspx?id=20140426000028&cid=1702.
Postill, J. (2014, August 1). 3. How Spain’s indignados movement was born.
Retrieved June 29 2015 from http://johnpostill.com/2014/08/01/how-spains
indignados-movement-was-born/.
Prensky, M. (2001). Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants. On the Horizon, Vol. 9, No.
5, pp. 1-6, MCB University Press. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/default.asp.
Reuters (2015, February 9). Taiwan to indict Sunflower Movement student leaders.
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/02/10/us
taiwan-protests-idUSKBN0LE0AJ20150210.
Rohlinger, D. A, Bunnage, L. A. & Klein, J. (2014). Virtual Power Plays: Social
Movements, Internet Communication Technology, and Political Parties. The
Internet and Democracy in Global Perspective. Studies in Public Choice,
Volume 31, pp. 83-109. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-04352-4_6#.
Ronfeldt, D., Arquilla, J., Fuller, G.E., & Fuller, M. (1999). The Zapatista “Social
Netwar” in Mexico. Sant Monica, CA; Washington D.C.: RAND Corporation.
Rowen, I. (2015). Inside Taiwan’s Sunflower Movement: Twenty-Four Days in a
Student-Occupied Parliament, and the Future of the Region. The Journal of
Asian Studies, Vol. 74/1, pp. 5-21.
Russell, A. (2011) Extra-National Information Flows, Social Media, and the 2011
Egyptian Uprising. International Journal of Communication 5, pp. 1238-1247.
Schubert, G., & Damm, J. (2011). Taiwanese Identity in the 21st Century: Domestic,
Regional and Global Perspectives. Haboken: Taylor & Francis.
Shih, Tsung-Jen. Social Media and Political Participation in Taiwan. In: Willnat, L.,
& Aw, A. (editor) (2014). Social Media, Culture and Politics in Asia. New
York: Peter Lang, pp. 84-105.
Shirky, C. (2008). Here Comes Everybody: The Power of Organizing Without
Organizations. New York: Penguin Press.
Smith, G. (2014, May 29). Taiwan’s Sunflower Movement. In Foreign Policy in
Focus. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://fpif.org/taiwans-sunflower
movement/.
Socialbakers – Facebook Statistics (2015). 批踢踢實業坊(Ptt.cc). [Figure 8].
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.socialbakers.com/statistics/facebook/pages/detail/263222741363
ptt-cc.
Stadd, A. (2013, January 29). Remember Twitter Rival Plurk? It Just Locked Down A
Million –Dollar Investment. In Social Times. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.adweek.com/socialtimes/plurk/476593.
Statista: The Statistics Portal. (n.d.) Facebook penetration rates in MENA countries at
the start of the Arab Spring demonstrations in 2011. [Figure 1]. Retrieved
June 29, 2015 from http://www.statista.com/statistics/236602/facebookpenetration-
rate-at-the-start-of-arab-spring-protests-by-country/.
Statista: The Statistics Portal. (n.d.) Twitter penetration in selected Asia Pacific
countries as of 4th quarter 2014. [Figure 15]. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.statista.com/statistics/254803/twitter-penetration-in-selected-apac
countries/.
Stepanova, E. The Role of Information Communication Technologies in the “Arab
Spring”. Implications Beyond the Region. PONARS Eurasia Policy Memo No.
159, May 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2015, from
http://www.ponarseurasia.com/sites/default/files/policy-memos
pdf/pepm_159.pdf.
Sunflower Movement 太陽花學運. In Facebook. (2014). Retrieved June 29, 2015
from https://www.facebook.com/sunflowermovement?fref=ts.
Sunflower Movement [SunflowerMvmt]. (2014). [Twitter]. Retrieved June 29, 2015
from https://twitter.com/sunflowermvmt.
Tableau (n.d.). Taiwan Institute for Information Industry Studies Social Media Trends
with Tableau. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://www.tableau.com/de
de/node/30801.
Taipei Times (2014, February 28). Taiwan likes Facebook, has highest penetration.
Retrieved April 17, 2015 from
http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2014/02/28/2003584495.
Taipei Times (2014, April 3). Lin, E. The Sunflower Movement, brought to you by the
Internet. Retrieved April 17, 2015 from
http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/archives/2014/04/03/2003587148/2.
Yu, G. (2013, October 9). 黑島青年奮起！雙十除三害行動啟航！Heidao qingnian
fenqi! Shuangshi chu san hai xingdong qihang! [ Black Island Youth rises up!
On Double Ten the three rascles set sail for action!] In Taiwan Good Life 台
好生活. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.taiwangoodlife.org/story/20131009/5266.
Taiwan Today (2014, August 22). Social networking tops Taiwan Internet usage
survey. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://taiwantoday.tw/ct.asp?xItem=220898&ctNode=413.
Taiwan Network Information Center (n.d.). Retrieved April 17, 2015 from
http://www.twnic.net.tw.
Taiwanesische Verhältnisse. Hintergrundberichte zur Parlamentsbesetzung in Taiwan.
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from https://politikintaiwan.wordpress.com/.
TechOrange 科技報橘(2014, 26 March). 318 學潮的學生新媒體，臺大新聞壇：
流媒體不做事實報導，我們自己做318 xuechao de xuesheng xinmeiti, taida
xinwenE luntan: zhuliu meiti bu zuo shishi baodao, women ziji zuo The
student’s new media in the 318 student protest, National Taiwan University
News E-Forum: Mainstream media doesn’t report the facts, so we do it
ourselves. Retrieved April 17, 2015 from
http://buzzorange.com/techorange/2014/03/26/ntu-e-journalism-do
journalism-by themselves/.
TWNIC. Wireless Internet Usage in Taiwan. Summary Report of October 2014
Survey. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.twnic.net.tw/download/200307/200307index.shtml.
TWNIC (2015, January). 台灣無線網路使用狀況調查摘要分析Taiwan wuxian
wanglu shiyong zhuangkuang diaocha zhaiyao fenxi [Survey summary
analysis of the usage of wireless Internet in Taiwan]. [Figure 3]. Retrieved
June 29, 2015 from
http://www.twnic.net.tw/download/200307/20150202b.pdf.
Tzeng, A. (2014). Sunflower Movement: An Analytic Review. Retrieved April 17,
2015 from http://www.academia.edu/7485979/Sunflower_Movement
_An_Analytic_Review.
Van, G. S. (2011). This changes everything: Occupy Wall Street and the 99%
Movement. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Vice News (2014, March 31). The ‘Sunflower Movement’ Gathers Support and
Momentum in Taiwan. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
https://news.vice.com/article/the-sunflower-movement-gathers-support-and
momentum-in-taiwan.
Wei, K. (2014, April 2). Overseas Taiwanese keep China pact protest alive. In The
China Post. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/foreign
affairs/2014/04/02/404262/Overseas-Taiwanese.htm.
Wei, P. (2015, April 8). Taiwan: Ma’s AIIB Dilemma. In The Diplomat. Retrieved
June 29, 2015 from http://thediplomat.com/2015/04/taiwan-mas-aiib
dilemma/.
沃草！Watchout Facebook. (2014). In Facebook. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
https://www.facebook.com/WatchOutTW/.
沃草！Watchout Facebook. (2014, March 11). 【沃草新聞稿】江宜樺 ：服貿
判，台灣無權修改Wocao xinwen gao jiangyihua: fumao tanpan, Taiwan
wuquanxiugai [Watchout Press Release: Jiang Yi-huah: Service Trade
Agreement negotiations, Taiwan has no right to modify]. [Facebook Status,
Figure 14]. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
https://www.facebook.com/WatchOutTW/photos/a.29024834446671910737
1839.240170506141170/278340175657536/.
沃草！Watchout Facebook. (2014, March 17). [Facebook Status]. Retrieved June 29,
2015 from
https://www.facebook.com/WatchOutTW/posts/10203293473916665.
Xi, A. (2014, March 31). 一觸即發!白狼將號召2 千人衝議場愚人節「點醒學
生」稱絕不挑釁 員警繃緊神經 學生代表:歡迎來談立院周邊不安寧 里長
籲生早日撤 Yichujifa! Bailang jiang haozaho 2 qianren chong yichang
yurenjie „dianxing xuesheng“ chengjue bu tiaoxin, yuanjing bengjin shenjing
xuesheng daibiao: huanying lai tan, liyuan zhoubian bu anning lizhang
yusheng zaori che [Explosive! White Wolf will call 2,000 people to clash the
square, April Fool’s Day “Wake Students up” said no provocation, police wit
close attention, Student representative: Welcome to talk, unrest next to the
Legislative Yuan, Borough chief calls to withdraw early. In TTV 台視新聞.
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://www.ttv.com.tw/103/03/1030331/10303314925302L.htm.
Xinhuanet. (2013, June 21). Mainland, Taiwan negotiators sign service trade
agreement. Retrieved June 29, 2015 from
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2013-06/21/c_132475474.htm.
小無的不臘閣Xiaowu de bu lage. (2014, March 26). [服貿]太陽花服貿與集資
Fumao taiyanghua fumao yu jizi guanggao [Service-trade Agreement:
Sunflower, Service-trade agreement and fund-raising advertisement] [Figure
12]. Retrieved from June 29, 2015 from http://smallwu36.pixnet.net/blog/.
Zayed, D. (2011, January 18). Egyptians set themselves after Tunisia unrest.
Retrieved June 29, 2015 from http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/01/18/us
tunisia-egypt-immolation-idUSTRE70H3L720110118.
Žižek, S. (2012, April 24). Occupy Wall Street: what is to be done next? Retrieved
June 29, 2015 from
http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/cifamerica/2012/apr/24/occupy
wall-street-what-is-to-be-done-next.		zh_TW