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題名 公私協力與自主規制之研究—兼論消防火災預防行政
A Study in the Public Private Partnership and Self-Regulation
作者 郭貞君
Kuo, Chen Chun
貢獻者 劉宗德
Liou, Tzong Der
郭貞君
Kuo, Chen Chun
關鍵詞 公私協力
自主規制
消防火災預防行政
產品監管機制
防火安全管理機制
public private partnership
self-regulation
fire protection administration
product safety and market surveillance regime
fire safety regime
日期 2015
上傳時間 2-Dec-2015 17:01:02 (UTC+8)
摘要 在各國政府部門為減輕財政負擔、提高行政效能,紛紛引進民間資源並與私部門建立夥伴關係之全球性風潮推波助瀾下,我國近年亦力倡政府瘦身、組織精簡、引用民力、公私協力。再者,運用民力參與公共任務之公私協力,寓有私部門自主規制成分,惟法學上自主規制與公私協力通常為分離探討之論題,兩者之關連性究為何;又兩者態樣眾多且無普世同意之定義,在多元分殊之學理及實務中,是否存在共通並行之法理脈絡與類型系譜,誠屬行政法總論上饒富逸趣之課題。另行政法各論上,為預防火災以維護公共安全並確保人民生命財產,各國莫不多方運用公私協力與自主規制,建構建築物之消防安全管理制度,惟綜觀國內有關公私協力與自主規制之法學論著尤以前者可謂繁花錦簇,事涉公共安全之消防火災預防行政領域相關研究則付諸闕如猶待開拓。
     本文爰透過中外文獻梳理公私協力與自主規制法學理論,並放眼國際取樣研究運用公私協力與自主規制之消防行政實務規範,以歐盟與英國為取法對象,就消防安全管理制度硬體層面及軟體層面分別探討歐盟產品(兼及建築產品[再兼及消防安全設備產品])監管機制以及英國建築物防火安全管理機制。除解析法理基礎更探究實務規範架構於我國與先進國家之異同,期許回饋提供公私協力與自主規制所涉行政法理論若干啟示並促使本國相關消防行政規範更趨周全。
In the wake of global trend of government department introducing private resources and establishing partnerships with private sectors to reduce financial burden and improve administrative efficacy, Taiwan authorities in recent years have also been advocating government downsizing, streamlining organizations, adopting private resources, and public private partnership. Furthermore, public private partnership contains private sector’s self-regulation element, but in jurisprudential circle, self-regulation and public private partnership are usually independently researched topics, what are the exact relationships between them; otherwise, each of both has great variety of types and has not universally consented definition, therefore, it seems to be an issue full of keen interest for General Administrative Law: whether there exists common legal context and typological pedigree in the pluralistic and divergent theories and practices of public private partnership and self-regulation. Besides, as regards Specific Administrative Law, in order to prevent fires for protecting public safety and people`s lives and property, countries all over the world utilize various approaches to public private partnership and self-regulation, to construct fire protection management regime for buildings; the domestic juristic studies of public private partnership and self-regulation have overall fruitful achievements, especially the former, however, apparently none of them refers to fire protection administrative category that thus eagerly needs to be cultivated.
     This thesis wherefore sorted domestic and foreign juristic literature about public private partnership and self-regulation, and combed internationally relative fire protection administrative legislation. Focusing on legislation of European Union and United Kingdom, it separately explored hardware dimension and software dimension of fire protection management regimes, that is, EU’s product safety and market surveillance regime (involving that for construction product [further involving that for fixed fire fighting equipment]) and UK’s fire safety regime. In addition to analyzing the legal theories and exploring the similarities and differences of legislative framework between EU or UK and Taiwan, it expects to provide several revelations to the jurisprudence of public private partnership and self-regulation, and to actuate the relative domestic fire protection legislation more comprehensively.
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     ——(2011)。〈公私夥伴關係(ppp)於歐盟法制下發展之初探:兼論德國公私合營事業(組織型之公私夥伴關係)適用政府採購法之爭議〉,《台大法學論叢》,40卷2期,頁505-568。
     歐陽承新(2006),〈公私合夥制(PPP)在歐盟的發展〉,《國際經濟情勢雙週報》,1631期,頁5-15。
     蔡宗珍(2009)。〈從給付國家到擔保國家:以國家對電信基礎需求之責任為中心〉,《台灣法學雜誌》,122期,頁33-36。
     顏玉明(2010)。〈從英國工程專業法院之發展談我國專業審理機制之現狀與期許〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,177期,頁34-47。
     Jan Ziekow(著),詹鎮榮(譯)(2010)。〈從德國憲法與行政法觀點論公私協力:挑戰與發展〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,180期,頁220-236。
     (四)研討會論文
     胡至沛(2007年10月)。〈建構公民社會導向的管制治理模式〉,發表於:《管制治理與公民社會」學術研討會》。國立臺北大學(主辦),台北。
     (五)未出版之學位論文
     胡至沛(2006)。《管制治理模式之研究:歐美運作經驗與對我國的啟示》,國立政治大學公共行政學系博士論文(未出版),臺北。
     許登科(2008)。《德國擔保國家理論為基礎之公私協力(ÖPP)法制:對我國促參法之啓示》,國立臺灣大學法律學研究所博士論文(未出版),臺北。
     陳軍志(2010)。《公私協力法制下之社會自主管制》,國立政治大學法律學研究所碩士論文(未出版),臺北。
     蔡佩玲(2007)。《醫療糾紛中民事過失之認定—論「醫療水準」與「醫療常規」》,國立政治大學法律學研究所碩士論文(未出版),臺北。
     蔡顯榮(2007)。《違章建築拆除業務委託民間辦理執行機制之研究:以台北縣為例》,國立臺北科技大學建築與都市設計研究所碩士論文(未出版),臺北。
     賴國星(2008)。《合作國家理念對進出口行政管制法制化之影響—以高科技貨品進出口管制為例》,國立政治大學法律學研究所碩士論文(未出版),臺北。
     (六)電子書或網路單篇文章
     行政院(2011)。《行政院及所屬各機關推動業務委託民間辦理實施要點修正對照表》。載於:http://db.lawbank.com.tw。
     行政院研究發展考核委員會(2011)。《行政院組織改造檔案展:行政院組織的發展與變革:全球化下之行政院》。載於:http://theme.archives.gov.tw/govreform/intro_02-3.html。
     內政部消防署(2013)。《消防機具器材及設備認可:消防機具器材及設備認可申辦作業流程》。載於:http://www.nfa.gov.tw/main/Content.aspx?ID=&MenuID=585。
     ——(2015)。《防火管理》。載於:http://www.nfa.gov.tw/main/Unit.aspx?ID=&MenuID=682&ListID=3149。
     ——(2015)。《公共危險物品:保安監督制度》。載於:http://www.nfa.gov.tw/Main/Content.aspx?ID=&MenuID=674。
     中華民國化學工業責任照顧協會(未具日期)。《責任照顧制度及其價值》。載於:http://trca.org.tw
     江岷欽(未具日期)。《企業型政府的理念與行政革新》。載於:http:// blog.boxun.com。
     林立昌(未具日期)。《桃園縣第一柴油車排煙檢測站興建及營運示範計畫案之執行經驗》。載於:http://ppp.mof.gov.tw/PPP.Website/Refers/Refer/View1.aspx?fId=134
     常岐德(2005)。《臺北車站特定專用區交九用地開發案之執行經驗》。載於:http://ppp.mof.gov.tw/PPP.Website/Refers/Refer/View1.aspx?fId=43
     楊偉中(未具日期)。《「民營化」不等於「民營化」!?─台灣私有化類型分析》。載於:http://linkage.ngo.tw/antiprv/antiprv-style.htm
     簡旭徵、劉盈秀(2013)。《考察英國網路觀察基金會及相關網路內容規管機構》。載於:http://report.nat.gov.tw/ReportFront/report_detail.jspx?sysId=C10203675
     蘇聖傑、卓景琪、石秉鑫、張瑞芸(2007)。《96年「環境影響評估監督技術及審議機制與實務考察」出國報告》。載於:http://report.nat.gov.tw/ReportFront/report_detail.jspx?sysId=C09603374
     Christina D. Tvarn(編),曹富國(編),周芬(譯)(2010)。《公私夥伴關係:法律經濟學視角的國際層面分析》(簡體字版)。載於:http://law.cufe.edu.cn/manageedit/UploadFile/20111723263804.pdf。
     (七)網路期刊文章
     王耀誠(2014)。〈試析SPS委員會探討私營標準「工作定義」之爭議沿革〉,《經貿法訊電子報》,162期。載於:http://www.tradelaw.nccu.edu.tw/epaper_html/經貿法訊電子報第162期.htm。
     林貴貞、林怡萍、林秀宜、蕭孟玫(2004)。〈淺談委託民間參與經營公共建設之執行經驗〉,《中華技術季刊》,64期。載於:http://www.ceci.org.tw/book/64/ch64hp1.htm。
     顏慧欣(2013)。〈供應商符合性聲明(SDoC)制度與消費商品安全配套制度〉,《WTO及RTA電子報》,369期。載於:http://www.wtocenter.org.tw/SmartKMS/www/Epaper/wtoepaper/article369.htm。
     二、日文部分
     日本総務省(2006)。《地方自治体とNPO等との協働推進に関する調査》。載於:http://www.soumu.go.jp/menu_news/s-news/2006/pdf/060512_1_1.pdf。
     日本東京都(2000)。《東京都ボランティア・NPOとの協働に関する検討委員会報告》。載於:http://www.seikatubunka.metro.tokyo.jp/index4files/teigen.PDF#search。
     劉宗德(2012)。〈公私協働論に関する一考察〉,《名古屋大学CALE Dascussion Paper》,No.8,頁1-42。
     三、英文部分
     (一)聯合國文獻
     UN Global Compact Office, ‘The Ten Principles’ (n.d.)
      accessed 25 July 2014
     —— ‘Background: UN Global Compact and Leaders Summit 2013’ (September 2013) accessed 25 July 2014
     —— ‘Corporate Sustainability in the World Economy’ (January 2014) accessed 25 July 2014
     Mendel T, Freedom of Information: A Comparative Legal Survey (2nd edn, United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization 2008)
     Waddock S, ‘Creating the Tipping Point towards Corporate Responsibility: Reflections on Meeting Expectations in the Global Economy’ (April 2002) accessed 25 July 2014
     (二)世界貿易組織文獻
     World Trade Organization, Trade Policy Review: European Union (WT/TPR/S/284, 2013)
     —— Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, Summary of the meeting of 10-11 July2012, G/SPS/R/67 (11 September 2012)
     (三)經濟合作與發展組織文獻
     OECD, Regulatory Policies in OECDCountries: From Interventionism to Regulatory Governance (OECD 2002)
     —— Voluntary Approaches for Environmental Policy: Effectiveness, Efficiency and Usage in Policy Mixes (OECD 2003)
     —— Alternatives to Traditional Regulation (OECD 2006)
     —— OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises (OECD 2011)
     (四)歐盟文獻
     Interinstitutional Agreement on Better Law-Making [2003] OJ C321/1
     Council Resolution of 7 May 1985 on a new approach to technical harmonization and standards [1985] OJ C136/1
     Council Resolution of 21 December 1989 on a global approach to conformity assessment (90/C 10/01) [1990] OJ C10/1
     Council, ‘Reform of the European standardisation system’ Presse 409 (Luxembourg, 4 October 2012)
     Commission Recommendation of 6 May 2003 concerning the definition of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises [2003] OJ L124/36
     Commission, ‘Green Paper: Promoting a European framework for Corporate Social Responsibility’ COM (2001) 366 final
     —— ‘European governance: A white paper’ COM (2001) 428 final
     —— ‘Corporate Social Responsibility: A business contribution to Sustainable Development’ (Communication) COM (2002) 347 final
     —— ‘Green paper on public-private partnerships and community law on public contracts and concessions’ COM (2004) 327 final
     —— ‘Environmentally friendly plastic: Commission welcomes voluntary industry commitment’ Press release (Brussels, 14 February 2005)
     —— ‘Better Regulation for Growth and Jobs in the European Union’ (Communication) COM (2005) 97 final
     —— Better Regulation — simply explained (Office for Official Publications of the European Communities 2006).
     —— ‘Smart Regulation in the European Union’ (Communication) COM (2010) 543 final
     —— ‘Commission Work Programme 2011’ (Communication) COM (2010) 623 final VOL. I
     —— ‘Commission Work Programme 2011’ (Communication) COM (2010) 623 final VOL. II
     —— ‘Single Market Act: Twelve levers to boost growth and strengthen confidence: Working together to create new growth’ (Communication) COM (2011) 206 final
     —— ‘A Renewed EU Strategy 2011-14 for Corporate Social Responsibility’ (Communication) COM (2011) 681 final
     —— ‘Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on the award of concession contracts’ (Communication) COM (2011) 897 final
     —— ‘Product safety and market surveillance package: More product safety and better market surveillance in the single market for products’ (Communication) COM (2013) 74 final
     —— ‘Product safety and market surveillance package: Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on market surveillance of products and amending Council Directives 89/686/EEC and 93/15/EEC, and Directives 94/9/EC, 94/25/EC, 95/16/EC, 97/23/EC, 1999/5/EC,2000/9/EC, 2000/14/EC, 2001/95/EC, 2004/108/EC, 2006/42/EC, 2006/95/EC,2007/23/EC, 2008/57/EC, 2009/48/EC, 2009/105/EC, 2009/142/EC, 2011/65/EU, Regulation (EU) No 305/2011, Regulation (EC) No 764/2008 and Regulation (EC) No 765/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council’ (Communication) COM (2013) 75 final
     —— ‘Product safety and market surveillance package: Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on consumer product safety and repealing Council Directive 87/357/EEC and Directive 2001/95/EC’ (Communication) COM (2013) 78 final
     —— ‘Proposal for an Interinstitutional Agreement on Better Regulation’ (Communication) COM(2015) 216 final
     —— The ‘Blue Guide’ on the implementation of EU product rules (Commission 2014)
     —— ‘Better Self- and Co-Regulation Improving the quality of public-private cooperation: Activity Report on action#5 of the Communication A renewed EU strategy 2011-14 for Corporate Social Responsibility’ Ref. Ares (2013) 68723 - 21/01/2013
     —— Safer products and a level playing field in the internal market’ Press release (Brussels, 13 February 2013).
     —— ‘The Relationship between CSR and SR/CR Memo for the Community of Practice for Better Self- and Co-Regulation’ (4 March 2014)
     DG SANCO, ‘Self-Regulation in the EU Advertising Sector: A report of some discussion among Interested parties’ (2006)
     Council, ‘Community Charter of the Fundamental Social Rights of Workers’ (Declaration by President Delorson 8 December 1989) accessed 21May 2014
     Parliament, ‘New EU-procurement rules to ensure better quality and value for money’ (Press release, 15 January 2014) accessed 23 March 2014
     Commission, ‘ Construction’ accessed 19 March 2015
     —— ‘CE marking – what does it really mean?’(MEMO/10/257,15 June 2010) accessed 17 March 2015
     —— ‘Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on the award of concession contracts:frequently asked questions’(MEMO/14/19, 15 January 2014) accessed 23 March 2014
     —— ‘Guidelines for successful public - private partnerships’ (March 2003) accessed 13 January 2014
     —— ‘Revision of Public Procurement Directives:frequently asked questions’(MEMO/14/20, 15 January 2014) accessed 23 March 2014
     —— ‘Frequently Asked Questions on Delegated Regulation (EU) No 568/2014 of 18 February 2014 amending Annex V to Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 as regards the assessment and verification of constancy of performance of construction products’ accessed 8 April 2015
     —— ‘Sustainable industrial policy: biodegradable and compostable polymers’ accessed 6 December 2014.
     Communication department of the European Commission, ‘The Treaty at a glance’ accessed 23 March 2014
     European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, ‘Soft law’ accessed 23 March 2014
     Fabrizio SACCHETTI, ‘The legal framework and requirements for SDoC in the EU’ (Seminar on Supplier’s Declaration of conformity Between Taiwan and the EU, Taipei, 21 November 2011)
     Product Safety Forum of Europe (PROSAFE), ‘Best Practice techniques in Market Surveillance’ accessed 19 March 2014
     (五)英國公部門文獻
     Better Regulation Task Force, Principles of Good Regulation (BRTF 2003)
     —— Final Report: Better Regulation-from design to delivery (BRTF 2005)
     Cabinet Office, Consultation principles: guidance (Cabinet Office 2013)
     Department for Communities and Local Government, Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005: Guidance Note No. 1: Enforcement (October 2007)
     Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environmental Permitting Guidance (DEFRA 2010)
     House of Lords Select Committee on the Constitution, The Regulatory State: Ensuring its Accountability (6th Report of Session 2003-04, HL Paper 68–I, 2004)
     London Fire Brigade, ‘Selecting a Risk Assessor’ accessed 11 June 2015
     Norfolk County Council, ‘Businese Advice Fact Sheet: Construction Products Regulation’ (April 2013) accessed 21 February 2015
     Nottinghamshire Fire and Rescue Service, ‘Fire safety convictions’ (08 July 2011) accessed 8 June 2015
     Office of Communications, Criteria for promoting effective co and self-regulation (Statement 2004)
     Office of Rail Regulation, A Guide to ROGS (ORR 2014)
     —— ‘European railway safety legislation’ accessed 9 Novenber 2014
     Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order Statement (19 April 2004)
     (六)書籍或研究報告
     Bartle I and Vass P, Self-regulation and the regulatory state:A survey of policy and practice
     (Research Report 17, Centre for the study of Regulated Industries, University of Bath 2005)
     Blackmore P, The Construction Products Regulation and CE Marking (IHS BRE Press 2012)
     Bradford B and Rickett J, Legal responsibilities of fire risk assessors: A basic guide (Fire Industry Association 2013)
     CNPP ENTREPRISE SARL, A201 Procedure: CE Marking - Assessment and verification of constancy of performance (CNPP ENTREPRISE SARL 2013)
     Craig P and de Búrca G, EU Law: Text, Cases and Materials (5th edn, OUP 2011)
     Fire Risk Assessment Competency Council, A Guide to Choosing a Competent Fire Risk Assessor (1st version, Fire Risk Assessment Competency Council 2013)
     Fire Risk Assessment Competency Council, Competency Criteria for Fire Risk Assessors (1st version, Fire Risk Assessment Competency Council 2011)
     Renda A and Schrefler L, Public - Private Partnerships National Experiences in the European Union (Briefing note No. IP/A/IMCO/SC/2005-160, Centre for European Policy Studies 2006)
     UBAtc, European Technical Assessment Regulation (UBAtc 2014)
     (七)書之篇章
     Coglianese C and Mendelson E, ‘Meta-Regulation and Self-Regulation’ in Martin Cave, Robert Baldwin and Martin Lodge(eds), The Oxford Handbook on Regulation (Oxford University Press 2010)
     Parker C, ‘Meta regulation: legal accountability for corporate social responsibility’ in Doreen McBarnet & Aurora Voiculescu & Tom Cambell (eds), The New Corporate Accountability. Corporate Social Responsibility and the Law (Cambridge University Press 2007)
     (八)期刊論文
     Bartle I and Vass P, ‘Self-Regulation within the Regulatory State: towards a New Regulatory Paradigm?’ (2007) 85(4) Public Administration 885
     Best E, ‘Alternative methods and EU policy-making : what does co-regulation really mean?’ (2008) 2 Eipascope 11
     Black J, ‘Constructing and contesting legitimacyand accountability in polycentricregulatory regimes’ (2008) 2 Regulation & Governance 137
     —— ‘Decentring regulation: understanding the role of regulation and self regulation in a "post-regulatory" world’ (2001) 54 (1) Current Legal Problems 103.
     Bovens M, ‘Analysing and Assessing Accountability: A Conceptual Framework’ (2007) 13(4) European Law Journal 447
     Deighton-Smith R, ‘Regulatory transparency in OECD countries:Overview, trends and challenges’ (2004) 63 (1) Australian Journal of Public Administration 66
     Freeman J, ‘Private Parties, Public Functions and the New Administrative Law’ (2000) 52 Administrative Law Review 813
     Grant RW and Keohane RO, ‘Accountability and Abuses of Power in World Politics’(2005) 99(1) American Political Science Review 29
     Hardin G, ‘The Tragedy of the Commons’ (1968) 162(3859)Science, New Series 1243
     Héritier A and Eckert S, ‘New Modes of Governance in the Shadow of Hierarchy: Self-regulation by Industry in Europe’ (2008) 28(1) Journal of Public Policy 113
     Lenox MJ and Nash J, ‘Industry Self-Regulation and Adverse Selection: A Comparison Across Four Trade Association Programs’ (2003) 12(6) Business Strategy and the Environment 343
     Ogus A, ‘Rethinking Self-regulation’ (1995)15(1) Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 97
     Pelkmans J, ‘The New Approach to Technical Harmonization and Standardization’ (1987) 25(3) Journal of Common Market Studies 249
     Rowan N, ‘The CE Marking-Explaining its Jargon and Acronyms’ (2015) 61 International Fire Protection 74
     (九)研討會論文
     Dubnick MJ, ‘Seeking Salvation for Accountability’ (Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Boston, August 2002)
     Florini AM, ‘Does the Invisible Hand Need a Transparent Glove? The Politics of Transparency’ (Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics, Washington, DC, April 1999)
     (十)電子書或網路單篇文章
     Advertising Standards Authority, ‘ASA Hot Topic:History of ad regulation’ accessed 4 Novenber 2014
     American Chemistry Council and National Association of Chemical Distributors, ‘A Comparison of Care® andResponsible Distribution Initiatives’ (2010) accessed 17 September 2014
     Browne Jacobson LLP, ‘Prosecution of fire risk assessor: First successful prosecution of a fire risk assessor using article 5(3)’ (20 July 2011) accessed 8 June 2015
     Cafaggi F and Renda A, ‘Public and Private Regulation: Mapping the Labyrinth’ (2012) CEPS Working Document No. 370 accessed 18 July 2014
     Chemical Industries Association, ‘Responsible Care around the world’ accessed 17 September 2014
     Companies using renewable and fossil raw materials BASF (Germany), Cargill Dow (USA), Novamont (Italy), Rodenburg Biopolymers (Netherlands) and supporting EU federations IBAW, PlasticsEurope, ERRMA, ‘Unilateral industry self-commitment concerning biodegradable and compostable polymer products’ accessed 6 December 2014
     CPA, BBA, BSI, BRE and TSI, ‘Guidance Note on the Construction Products Regulation’(Version 3, October 2014) accessed 11 March 2015
     European Committee for Normalisation, ‘The "New Approach"’ accessed 3 March 2015
     European Public Health Alliance, ‘EPHA Briefing (June 2014): Self-regulation and Co-regulation in the field of Public Health in the EU’ accessed 15 November 2014
     European Recovered Paper Council, ‘European Declaration on Paper Recycling 2011-2015’ accessed 25 November 2014
     —— ‘Five Years of Raising the Bar in Paper Recycling’ accessed 25 November 2014
     —— ‘Monitoring report 2013’ accessed 25 November 2014
     European Advertising Standards Alliance , ‘2012 EASA Annual Cross-Border Complaints report’ (2012) accessed 6 December 2014
      —— ‘Best practice implementation by European advertising watchdogs: EASA Charter Validation progress report 2005-2011’ accessed 6 December 2014
      —— ‘EASA members (Last updated: January 2013)’ accessed 6 December 2014
     —— ‘European trends in advertising complaints, copy advice and pre-clearance’ (2012) accessed 6 December 2014
     General Medical Council, ‘Our role’ < http://www.gmc-uk.org/about/role.asp > accessed 10 Novenber 2014
     —— ‘UK primary legislation’ accessed 10 Novenber 2014
     Indian Council of Medical Research, ‘Health Effects of the Toxic Gas Leak from Union Carbide Methyl Isocyanate Plant in Bhopal’ (2010) accessed 17 September 2014
     INHOPE, ‘At a glance’ accessed 9 Novenber 2014
     Institution of Fire Engineers, ‘Approved Fire Risk Assessor Training’ accessed 20 June 2015
     —— ‘Guidance for UK Fire Risk Assessor Applicants’ accessed 20 June 2015
     International Chamber of Commerce, ‘Consolidated ICC Code of Advertising and Marketing Communication Practice’ (2011) accessed 6 December 2014
     International Council of Chemical Association, ‘Responsible Care’ accessed 17 September 2014
     International Council on Advertising Self-Regulation (ICAS) , ‘International Guide to Developing a Self-Regulatory Organisation: Practical advice on setting up and consolidating an advertising self-regulatory system’ (2014) accessed 6 December 2014
     Internet Watch Foundation, ‘Culture, Media and Sport Committee Inquiry into harmful content on the internet and in video games’ accessed 9 Novenber 2014
     —— ‘Internet Watch Foundation Annual & Charity Report 2013’ accessed 9 Novenber 2014
      —— ‘IWF History’ < https://www.iwf.org.uk/about-iwf/iwf-history> accessed 9 Novenber 2014
     Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service, ‘The role of the MPTS’ accessed 10 Novenber 2014
     Rail Safety and Standards Board, ‘Strategic Business Plan 2014-2019’ (April 2014) accessed 9 Novenber 2014
     Renda A and Hammerli B, ‘Protecting Critical Infrastructure in the EU’ (2010) CEPS Task Force Report< SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1756710> accessed 12 October 2014
     The European Consumers’ Organisation and European Consumer Voice in Standardisation, ‘ANEC / BEUC position on Voluntary Environmental Agreements’ (24 October 2006) ANEC-ENV-2006-G-048, BEUC/X/060/2006, accessed 30 August 2014.
     Timber Research and Development Association, ‘The European construction products regulation (CPR): An overview and comparison with the construction products directive’ (Version 2, August 2012) accessed 11 March 2015
     
     
     (十一)網路期刊文章
     Senden L, ‘Soft Law, Self-Regulation and Co-Regulation in European Law: Where Do They Meet?’ (2005) 9.1 Electronic Journal of Comparative Law accessed 27 June 2014
     (十二)其他
     EN 54-20:2006 Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 20: Aspirating smoke detectors
     EN 13432: 2000 Packaging. Requirements for packaging recoverable through composting and biodegradation. Test scheme and evaluation criteria for the final acceptance of packaging
     ISO 26000: 2010 Guidance on social responsibility
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
法學院碩士在職專班
97961227
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097961227
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 劉宗德zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Liou, Tzong Deren_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 郭貞君zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Kuo, Chen Chunen_US
dc.creator (作者) 郭貞君zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Kuo, Chen Chunen_US
dc.date (日期) 2015en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2-Dec-2015 17:01:02 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 2-Dec-2015 17:01:02 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Dec-2015 17:01:02 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0097961227en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/79531-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 法學院碩士在職專班zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97961227zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 在各國政府部門為減輕財政負擔、提高行政效能,紛紛引進民間資源並與私部門建立夥伴關係之全球性風潮推波助瀾下,我國近年亦力倡政府瘦身、組織精簡、引用民力、公私協力。再者,運用民力參與公共任務之公私協力,寓有私部門自主規制成分,惟法學上自主規制與公私協力通常為分離探討之論題,兩者之關連性究為何;又兩者態樣眾多且無普世同意之定義,在多元分殊之學理及實務中,是否存在共通並行之法理脈絡與類型系譜,誠屬行政法總論上饒富逸趣之課題。另行政法各論上,為預防火災以維護公共安全並確保人民生命財產,各國莫不多方運用公私協力與自主規制,建構建築物之消防安全管理制度,惟綜觀國內有關公私協力與自主規制之法學論著尤以前者可謂繁花錦簇,事涉公共安全之消防火災預防行政領域相關研究則付諸闕如猶待開拓。
     本文爰透過中外文獻梳理公私協力與自主規制法學理論,並放眼國際取樣研究運用公私協力與自主規制之消防行政實務規範,以歐盟與英國為取法對象,就消防安全管理制度硬體層面及軟體層面分別探討歐盟產品(兼及建築產品[再兼及消防安全設備產品])監管機制以及英國建築物防火安全管理機制。除解析法理基礎更探究實務規範架構於我國與先進國家之異同,期許回饋提供公私協力與自主規制所涉行政法理論若干啟示並促使本國相關消防行政規範更趨周全。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) In the wake of global trend of government department introducing private resources and establishing partnerships with private sectors to reduce financial burden and improve administrative efficacy, Taiwan authorities in recent years have also been advocating government downsizing, streamlining organizations, adopting private resources, and public private partnership. Furthermore, public private partnership contains private sector’s self-regulation element, but in jurisprudential circle, self-regulation and public private partnership are usually independently researched topics, what are the exact relationships between them; otherwise, each of both has great variety of types and has not universally consented definition, therefore, it seems to be an issue full of keen interest for General Administrative Law: whether there exists common legal context and typological pedigree in the pluralistic and divergent theories and practices of public private partnership and self-regulation. Besides, as regards Specific Administrative Law, in order to prevent fires for protecting public safety and people`s lives and property, countries all over the world utilize various approaches to public private partnership and self-regulation, to construct fire protection management regime for buildings; the domestic juristic studies of public private partnership and self-regulation have overall fruitful achievements, especially the former, however, apparently none of them refers to fire protection administrative category that thus eagerly needs to be cultivated.
     This thesis wherefore sorted domestic and foreign juristic literature about public private partnership and self-regulation, and combed internationally relative fire protection administrative legislation. Focusing on legislation of European Union and United Kingdom, it separately explored hardware dimension and software dimension of fire protection management regimes, that is, EU’s product safety and market surveillance regime (involving that for construction product [further involving that for fixed fire fighting equipment]) and UK’s fire safety regime. In addition to analyzing the legal theories and exploring the similarities and differences of legislative framework between EU or UK and Taiwan, it expects to provide several revelations to the jurisprudence of public private partnership and self-regulation, and to actuate the relative domestic fire protection legislation more comprehensively.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 摘要 i
     目錄 iii
     判例目錄 ix
     法令目錄 ix
     圖目錄 xiv
     表目錄 xiv
     第一章 緒論 1
     第一節 研究動機與目的 1
     第二節 研究方法 3
     第三節 研究範圍 4
     第四節 論文章節架構 4
     第二章 公私協力論 6
     第一節 公私協力概說 6
     壹、公私協力概念 6
     貳、公私協力之特徵 9
     參、相關概念之區辨 11
     一、公私協力之行為主體與客體 11
     二、公共任務、國家任務與行政任務 12
     三、民營化、私化與公私協力 13
     第二節 公私協力之類型 14
     壹、規制策略觀點 14
     一、國家規制型 15
     二、共同規制∕自主規制型 15
     貳、私化觀點 16
     一、實質私化 16
     二、功能私化 17
     參、履行行政任務私人法律地位觀點 17
     一、公權力受託人 18
     二、行政輔助人 18
     三、行政之替代履行者 21
     四、負義務之私人 22
     肆、制式化程度觀點 22
     伍、區域性公私協力實務觀點 24
     一、契約型PPPs 24
     二、組織型PPPs 28
     第三節 公私協力之法理基礎 29
     壹、公私協力之界限 29
     貳、民主國原則 31
     參、法治國原則 31
     一、依法行政原則 32
     二、公益原則 33
     三、比例原則 35
     四、平等原則 35
     五、效率原則 36
     肆、國家擔保責任 38
     一、國家擔保責任概念 39
     二、國家擔保責任之憲法關連性 40
     三、國家擔保責任之具體內涵 42
     第三章 自主規制論 45
     第一節 自主規制概說 45
     壹、自主規制概念 45
     貳、自主規制面面觀 48
     一、自主規制之適用性 48
     二、自主規制之動機 50
     三、對自主規制之反動 51
     參、相關概念之區辨 52
     一、自主規制∕共同規制與企業社會責任 52
     二、自主規制∕共同規制與軟法 55
     三、後設規制 56
     第二節 自主規制之類型 56
     壹、廣義觀點 57
     一、合作型自主規制 57
     二、授權型自主規制 59
     三、放權型自主規制 60
     四、促成型自主規制 61
     五、默契型自主規制 63
     貳、狹義觀點 64
     一、共同規制 65
     二、自主規制 66
     第三節 自主規制之法理 70
     壹、自主規制之界限 71
     貳、自主規制之原則 71
     一、核心原則 71
     二、演化中之更佳自主規制原則 77
     第四章 公私協力與自主規制於消防安全設備監管機制之實踐 80
     第一節 歐盟產品監管制度─總論及各論(建築產品兼及消防安全設備) 81
     壹、歐盟產品監管制度整體架構與沿革 81
     一、舊方法 81
     二、新方法與全球性方法 82
     三、新立法架構 85
     四、產品安全及市場監督套案 87
     貳、歐盟建築產品兼及消防安全設備監管制度之特有架構與內涵 90
     一、CPR適用性 92
     二、調和技術規範 93
     三、符合性評鑑機構 94
     四、性能一致性評鑑與查證系統 96
     五、簡化程序 98
     六、CE標示 99
     參、歐盟建築產品兼及消防安全設備監管制度參與者責任分配 102
     一、市場監督機關 102
     二、企業經營者 105
     三、符合性評鑑機構 108
     第二節 我國消防安全設備產品監管制度 110
     壹、我國消防安全設備產品監管制度重要沿革 110
     貳、我國消防安全設備產品監管制度主要架構 111
     一、消防法第12條及第6條第3項適用性 113
     二、技術規範 114
     三、符合性評鑑機構 114
     四、符合性評鑑程序 115
     五、認可品標示 116
     參、我國消防安全設備產品監管制度參與者責任分配 118
     一、消防主管機關 118
     二、企業經營者 118
     三、登錄機構 118
     第三節 歐盟與我國消防安全設備產品監管制度重要法律結構之比較 120
     壹、企業經營者之法律地位 120
     貳、符合性評鑑機構之法律地位 120
     參、企業經營者(產製者)與符合性評鑑機構之法律關係 120
     肆、符合性評鑑機構所發給合格證明暨產品所附加標示之法律性質 122
     伍、企業經營者之義務履行與救濟途徑 122
     第五章 公私協力與自主規制於建築物防火安全管理機制之實踐 125
     第一節 英國防火安全制度 125
     壹、英國防火安全制度興革與架構 125
     一、興革 125
     二、適用範圍 126
     三、規範重點 126
     四、負責人 127
     五、執行機關 127
     貳、英國防火安全制度參與者責任分配 127
     一、執行機關 127
     二、負責人 131
     (一)採取一般性防火措施 131
     (二)實施風險評估 131
     (三)運用預防原則 133
     (四)防火安全安排 133
     (五)消除或減少危險物質所致風險 134
     (六)滅火及火警探測 134
     (七)緊急通道及出口 135
     (八)對嚴重與立即危險及對危險區域之程序 135
     (九)對危險物質之其他緊急措施 136
     (十)維護 136
     (十一)安全上協力 136
     (十二)提供資訊予受僱人 137
     (十三)提供資訊予來自外部事業之雇主及自僱雇主 138
     (十四)訓練 138
     (十五)合作與協調 139
     (十六)消防人員保護措施之維護 139
     三、受僱人 139
     四、火災風險評估人 140
     第二節 我國防火管理制度 141
     壹、我國防火管理制度興革與架構 141
     一、興革 141
     二、適用範圍 142
     三、規範重點 143
     四、管理權人 143
     五、執行機關 144
     貳、我國防火管理制度參與者責任分配 144
     一、執行機關 144
     二、管理權人 144
     三、防火管理人 145
     第三節 英國與我國防火安全管理制度重要法律結構之比較 146
     壹、負責人∕管理權人之法律地位 146
     貳、火災風險評估人∕防火管理人之法律地位 146
     參、負責人與火災風險評估人∕管理權人與防火管理人之法律關係 147
     肆、負責人∕管理權人之義務履行與救濟途徑 148
     伍、火災風險評估人∕防火管理人之義務履行與救濟途徑 150
     第六章 結論與建議 154
     第一節 結論 154
     壹、公私協力與自主規制之類型 154
     貳、公私協力與自主規制之法理 156
     參、公私協力與自主規制於消防安全設備監管機制之實踐 158
     肆、公私協力與自主規制於建築物防火安全管理機制之實踐 160
     第二節 建議 164
     壹、一般行政法 164
     貳、消防行政法 166
     附錄1 歐洲技術評鑑程序概要 171
     附錄2 歐洲技術評鑑參與者及程序細節 172
     附錄3 本國型式認可與個別認可程序 173
     參考文獻 176
zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097961227en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 公私協力zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 自主規制zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 消防火災預防行政zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 產品監管機制zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 防火安全管理機制zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) public private partnershipen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) self-regulationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) fire protection administrationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) product safety and market surveillance regimeen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) fire safety regimeen_US
dc.title (題名) 公私協力與自主規制之研究—兼論消防火災預防行政zh_TW
dc.title (題名) A Study in the Public Private Partnership and Self-Regulationen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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     李宗勳(2004)。〈公私協力與委外化的效應與價值:一項進行中的治理改造工程〉,《公共行政學報》,12期,頁41-77。
     李建良(1987)。〈論公益概念具體化在立法及法律適用上之原則〉,《憲政時代》,12卷3期,頁72-92。
     李惠宗(2006)。〈行政法院對BOT最優申請人決定程序的審查:兼評台北高等行政法院九四年訴字第七五二號(ETC)判決〉,《台灣本土法學雜誌》,82期,頁177-190。
     沈義哲、陳仕榕、謝冠陞、吳耀文、 莊智鈞、吳宗宏、鄭全欽、黃建文(2009)。〈運用消防防災計畫落實公共危險物品場所保安監督制度〉,《消防月刊》,9月號,頁10-18。
     林昱梅(2003)。〈警察任務民營化理論初探〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,102期,頁56-73。
     林淑馨(2005)。〈日本型公私協力之析探:以第三部門與PFI為例〉,《公共行政學報》,16期,頁1-31。
     孫煒(2012)。〈民主治理中準政府組織的公共性與課責性:對於我國政府捐助之財團法人轉型的啟示〉,《人文及社會科學集刊》,24卷4期,頁497–528。
     徐菁(2013)。〈對WTO《技術性貿易壁壘協定》的再理解〉,《科技創新與智慧財產權》,1期,頁18-25。(簡體字版)
     張文郁(2003)。〈行政輔助人:行政助手〉,《月旦法學教室》,51期,頁18-19。
     張桐銳(2002)。〈合作國家〉,收於:翁岳生教授祝壽論文集編輯委員會(編),《翁岳生教授七秩誕辰祝壽論文集:當代公法新論(中)》,頁549-580。台北:元照。
     ——(2005)。〈行政法與合作國家〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,121期,頁25-53。
     許宗力(1999)。〈大法官釋字第四六二號解釋評析〉,《台灣本土法學雜誌》,3期,頁100-105。
     ——(1999)。〈基本權程序保障功能的最新發展:評司法院釋字第四八八號解釋〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,54期,頁153-160。
     許登科、許照生(2015)。〈促參法之締約程序法律關係中申請人的地位與權利保障〉,《東吳法律學報》,27卷1期,頁41-90。
     陳春生(2000)。〈從法治國角度看核四問題之解決〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,67期,頁24-36。
     陳英淙(2011)。〈由法治國概念探討憲法法治國原則之內涵〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,21期,頁67-108。
     陳敦源、張世杰(2010)。〈公私協力夥伴關係的弔詭〉,《文官制度季刊》,2卷3期,頁17-71。
     陳愛娥(2003)。〈行政組織法:第二講—國家角色變遷下的行政任務〉,《月旦法學教室》,3期,頁104-111。
     ——(2003)。〈行政組織法:第三講—行政任務取向的行政組織法:重新建構行政組織法的考量觀點〉,《月旦法學教室》,5期,頁63-73。
     ——(2003)。〈行政組織法:第四講—『政府業務委託民間辦理』的法律規制─公私部門合作法制的建構〉,《月旦法學教室》,8期,頁57-67。
     ——(2005)。〈行政行為形式─行政任務─行政調控——德國行政法總論改革的軌跡〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,120期,頁9-18。
     ——(2006)。〈法律原則的具體化與權限分配秩序:評最高行政法院九十五年度判字第一二三九號判決〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,138期,頁5-16。
     ——(2012)。〈公私協力的規制:以受管制之社會自我規制為考察中心〉,收於:台灣行政法學會(編),《全球化∕福利國家∕特別權利關係∕公私協力》,頁259-287。台北:台灣行政法學會。
     傅玲靜(2004)。〈由行政之參與論於許可程序中迅速原則之實現:以德國聯邦行政程序法為中心〉,《中原財經法學》,13期,頁47-108。
     ——(2004)。〈德國聯邦行政程序法之改革:淺談行政程序迅速原則〉,《中原財經法學》,12期,頁67-120。
     湯德宗(2000)。〈行政程序法專題講座之二:論行政程序法的立法目的〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,56期,頁146-160。
     程明修(2002)。〈私人履行行政任務時的法律地位〉,《台灣本土法學雜誌》,39期,頁133-138。
     ——(2005)。〈行政行為形式選擇自由:以公私協力行為為例〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,120期,頁37-65。
     ——(2010)。〈公私協力契約與行政合作法:以德國聯邦行政程序法之改革構想為中心〉,《興大法學》,7期,頁69-143。
     黃彩雲、黃文杰(2003)。〈國內公立博物館公辦民營之案例分析:以四座博物館為例〉,《博物館學季刊》,17卷4期,頁105-126。
     黃源銘(2010)。〈論專家學者參與公共事務之法律地位:以行政法與刑法觀點為中心〉,《臺北大學法學論叢》,75期,頁1-61。
     董保城(2003)。〈行政助手與委外辦理國家賠償案例之研究〉,《台灣本土法學雜誌》,51期,頁150-157。
     —— (2007)。〈臺灣行政組織變革之發展與法治面之挑戰〉,收於:台灣行政法學會(編),《國家賠償與徵收補償∕公共任務與行政組織》,頁217-298。台北:台灣行政法學會。
     詹鎮榮(2003)。〈民營化後國家影響與管制義務之理論與實踐:以組織私法化與任務私人化之基本型為中心〉,《東吳法律學報》,15卷1期,頁1-40。
     ——(2003)。〈論民營化類型中之「公私協力」〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,102期,頁8-29。
     ——(2004)。〈德國法中「社會自我管制」機制初探〉,《政大法學評論》,78期,頁79-120。
     ——(2006)。〈促進民間參與公共建設法之現實與理論:評台北高等行政法院之ETC相關裁判〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,134期,頁46-67。
     ——(2006)。〈競爭者「無歧視程序形成請求權」之保障:評最高行政法院九十五年度判字第一二三九號判決〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,138期,頁38-54。
     ——(2009)。〈行政合作法之建制與開展:以民間參與公共建設為中心〉,收於:台灣行政法學會(編),《行政契約之法理:各國行政法學發展方向》,頁101-159。台北:台灣行政法學會。
     ——(2010)。〈變遷中之行政組織法:從「組織型式選擇自由」到「組織最適誡命」〉,《中研院法學期刊》,6期,頁1-60。
     賈康孫潔(2009)。〈公私夥伴關係( PPP )的概念、起源、特徵與功能〉,《財政研究》,10期,頁2-10。(簡體字版)
     鄒煥聰(2013)。〈社會合作管制:模式界定、興起緣由與正當性基礎〉,《江蘇大學學報(社會科學版)》,15卷2期,頁86-92。(簡體字版)
     廖義銘(2006)。〈從「產業自律管制」看國家新治理模式之實踐條件與要素〉,國立政治大學《公共行政學報》,18卷,頁1-20。
     劉宗德(2013)。〈公私協力與自主規制之公法學理論〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,217期,頁42-62。
     劉淑範(2008)。〈行政任務之變遷與「公私合營事業」之發展脈絡〉,《中研院法學期刊》,2期,頁1-108。
     ——(2011)。〈公私夥伴關係(ppp)於歐盟法制下發展之初探:兼論德國公私合營事業(組織型之公私夥伴關係)適用政府採購法之爭議〉,《台大法學論叢》,40卷2期,頁505-568。
     歐陽承新(2006),〈公私合夥制(PPP)在歐盟的發展〉,《國際經濟情勢雙週報》,1631期,頁5-15。
     蔡宗珍(2009)。〈從給付國家到擔保國家:以國家對電信基礎需求之責任為中心〉,《台灣法學雜誌》,122期,頁33-36。
     顏玉明(2010)。〈從英國工程專業法院之發展談我國專業審理機制之現狀與期許〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,177期,頁34-47。
     Jan Ziekow(著),詹鎮榮(譯)(2010)。〈從德國憲法與行政法觀點論公私協力:挑戰與發展〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,180期,頁220-236。
     (四)研討會論文
     胡至沛(2007年10月)。〈建構公民社會導向的管制治理模式〉,發表於:《管制治理與公民社會」學術研討會》。國立臺北大學(主辦),台北。
     (五)未出版之學位論文
     胡至沛(2006)。《管制治理模式之研究:歐美運作經驗與對我國的啟示》,國立政治大學公共行政學系博士論文(未出版),臺北。
     許登科(2008)。《德國擔保國家理論為基礎之公私協力(ÖPP)法制:對我國促參法之啓示》,國立臺灣大學法律學研究所博士論文(未出版),臺北。
     陳軍志(2010)。《公私協力法制下之社會自主管制》,國立政治大學法律學研究所碩士論文(未出版),臺北。
     蔡佩玲(2007)。《醫療糾紛中民事過失之認定—論「醫療水準」與「醫療常規」》,國立政治大學法律學研究所碩士論文(未出版),臺北。
     蔡顯榮(2007)。《違章建築拆除業務委託民間辦理執行機制之研究:以台北縣為例》,國立臺北科技大學建築與都市設計研究所碩士論文(未出版),臺北。
     賴國星(2008)。《合作國家理念對進出口行政管制法制化之影響—以高科技貨品進出口管制為例》,國立政治大學法律學研究所碩士論文(未出版),臺北。
     (六)電子書或網路單篇文章
     行政院(2011)。《行政院及所屬各機關推動業務委託民間辦理實施要點修正對照表》。載於:http://db.lawbank.com.tw。
     行政院研究發展考核委員會(2011)。《行政院組織改造檔案展:行政院組織的發展與變革:全球化下之行政院》。載於:http://theme.archives.gov.tw/govreform/intro_02-3.html。
     內政部消防署(2013)。《消防機具器材及設備認可:消防機具器材及設備認可申辦作業流程》。載於:http://www.nfa.gov.tw/main/Content.aspx?ID=&MenuID=585。
     ——(2015)。《防火管理》。載於:http://www.nfa.gov.tw/main/Unit.aspx?ID=&MenuID=682&ListID=3149。
     ——(2015)。《公共危險物品:保安監督制度》。載於:http://www.nfa.gov.tw/Main/Content.aspx?ID=&MenuID=674。
     中華民國化學工業責任照顧協會(未具日期)。《責任照顧制度及其價值》。載於:http://trca.org.tw
     江岷欽(未具日期)。《企業型政府的理念與行政革新》。載於:http:// blog.boxun.com。
     林立昌(未具日期)。《桃園縣第一柴油車排煙檢測站興建及營運示範計畫案之執行經驗》。載於:http://ppp.mof.gov.tw/PPP.Website/Refers/Refer/View1.aspx?fId=134
     常岐德(2005)。《臺北車站特定專用區交九用地開發案之執行經驗》。載於:http://ppp.mof.gov.tw/PPP.Website/Refers/Refer/View1.aspx?fId=43
     楊偉中(未具日期)。《「民營化」不等於「民營化」!?─台灣私有化類型分析》。載於:http://linkage.ngo.tw/antiprv/antiprv-style.htm
     簡旭徵、劉盈秀(2013)。《考察英國網路觀察基金會及相關網路內容規管機構》。載於:http://report.nat.gov.tw/ReportFront/report_detail.jspx?sysId=C10203675
     蘇聖傑、卓景琪、石秉鑫、張瑞芸(2007)。《96年「環境影響評估監督技術及審議機制與實務考察」出國報告》。載於:http://report.nat.gov.tw/ReportFront/report_detail.jspx?sysId=C09603374
     Christina D. Tvarn(編),曹富國(編),周芬(譯)(2010)。《公私夥伴關係:法律經濟學視角的國際層面分析》(簡體字版)。載於:http://law.cufe.edu.cn/manageedit/UploadFile/20111723263804.pdf。
     (七)網路期刊文章
     王耀誠(2014)。〈試析SPS委員會探討私營標準「工作定義」之爭議沿革〉,《經貿法訊電子報》,162期。載於:http://www.tradelaw.nccu.edu.tw/epaper_html/經貿法訊電子報第162期.htm。
     林貴貞、林怡萍、林秀宜、蕭孟玫(2004)。〈淺談委託民間參與經營公共建設之執行經驗〉,《中華技術季刊》,64期。載於:http://www.ceci.org.tw/book/64/ch64hp1.htm。
     顏慧欣(2013)。〈供應商符合性聲明(SDoC)制度與消費商品安全配套制度〉,《WTO及RTA電子報》,369期。載於:http://www.wtocenter.org.tw/SmartKMS/www/Epaper/wtoepaper/article369.htm。
     二、日文部分
     日本総務省(2006)。《地方自治体とNPO等との協働推進に関する調査》。載於:http://www.soumu.go.jp/menu_news/s-news/2006/pdf/060512_1_1.pdf。
     日本東京都(2000)。《東京都ボランティア・NPOとの協働に関する検討委員会報告》。載於:http://www.seikatubunka.metro.tokyo.jp/index4files/teigen.PDF#search。
     劉宗德(2012)。〈公私協働論に関する一考察〉,《名古屋大学CALE Dascussion Paper》,No.8,頁1-42。
     三、英文部分
     (一)聯合國文獻
     UN Global Compact Office, ‘The Ten Principles’ (n.d.)
      accessed 25 July 2014
     —— ‘Background: UN Global Compact and Leaders Summit 2013’ (September 2013) accessed 25 July 2014
     —— ‘Corporate Sustainability in the World Economy’ (January 2014) accessed 25 July 2014
     Mendel T, Freedom of Information: A Comparative Legal Survey (2nd edn, United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization 2008)
     Waddock S, ‘Creating the Tipping Point towards Corporate Responsibility: Reflections on Meeting Expectations in the Global Economy’ (April 2002) accessed 25 July 2014
     (二)世界貿易組織文獻
     World Trade Organization, Trade Policy Review: European Union (WT/TPR/S/284, 2013)
     —— Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, Summary of the meeting of 10-11 July2012, G/SPS/R/67 (11 September 2012)
     (三)經濟合作與發展組織文獻
     OECD, Regulatory Policies in OECDCountries: From Interventionism to Regulatory Governance (OECD 2002)
     —— Voluntary Approaches for Environmental Policy: Effectiveness, Efficiency and Usage in Policy Mixes (OECD 2003)
     —— Alternatives to Traditional Regulation (OECD 2006)
     —— OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises (OECD 2011)
     (四)歐盟文獻
     Interinstitutional Agreement on Better Law-Making [2003] OJ C321/1
     Council Resolution of 7 May 1985 on a new approach to technical harmonization and standards [1985] OJ C136/1
     Council Resolution of 21 December 1989 on a global approach to conformity assessment (90/C 10/01) [1990] OJ C10/1
     Council, ‘Reform of the European standardisation system’ Presse 409 (Luxembourg, 4 October 2012)
     Commission Recommendation of 6 May 2003 concerning the definition of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises [2003] OJ L124/36
     Commission, ‘Green Paper: Promoting a European framework for Corporate Social Responsibility’ COM (2001) 366 final
     —— ‘European governance: A white paper’ COM (2001) 428 final
     —— ‘Corporate Social Responsibility: A business contribution to Sustainable Development’ (Communication) COM (2002) 347 final
     —— ‘Green paper on public-private partnerships and community law on public contracts and concessions’ COM (2004) 327 final
     —— ‘Environmentally friendly plastic: Commission welcomes voluntary industry commitment’ Press release (Brussels, 14 February 2005)
     —— ‘Better Regulation for Growth and Jobs in the European Union’ (Communication) COM (2005) 97 final
     —— Better Regulation — simply explained (Office for Official Publications of the European Communities 2006).
     —— ‘Smart Regulation in the European Union’ (Communication) COM (2010) 543 final
     —— ‘Commission Work Programme 2011’ (Communication) COM (2010) 623 final VOL. I
     —— ‘Commission Work Programme 2011’ (Communication) COM (2010) 623 final VOL. II
     —— ‘Single Market Act: Twelve levers to boost growth and strengthen confidence: Working together to create new growth’ (Communication) COM (2011) 206 final
     —— ‘A Renewed EU Strategy 2011-14 for Corporate Social Responsibility’ (Communication) COM (2011) 681 final
     —— ‘Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on the award of concession contracts’ (Communication) COM (2011) 897 final
     —— ‘Product safety and market surveillance package: More product safety and better market surveillance in the single market for products’ (Communication) COM (2013) 74 final
     —— ‘Product safety and market surveillance package: Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on market surveillance of products and amending Council Directives 89/686/EEC and 93/15/EEC, and Directives 94/9/EC, 94/25/EC, 95/16/EC, 97/23/EC, 1999/5/EC,2000/9/EC, 2000/14/EC, 2001/95/EC, 2004/108/EC, 2006/42/EC, 2006/95/EC,2007/23/EC, 2008/57/EC, 2009/48/EC, 2009/105/EC, 2009/142/EC, 2011/65/EU, Regulation (EU) No 305/2011, Regulation (EC) No 764/2008 and Regulation (EC) No 765/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council’ (Communication) COM (2013) 75 final
     —— ‘Product safety and market surveillance package: Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on consumer product safety and repealing Council Directive 87/357/EEC and Directive 2001/95/EC’ (Communication) COM (2013) 78 final
     —— ‘Proposal for an Interinstitutional Agreement on Better Regulation’ (Communication) COM(2015) 216 final
     —— The ‘Blue Guide’ on the implementation of EU product rules (Commission 2014)
     —— ‘Better Self- and Co-Regulation Improving the quality of public-private cooperation: Activity Report on action#5 of the Communication A renewed EU strategy 2011-14 for Corporate Social Responsibility’ Ref. Ares (2013) 68723 - 21/01/2013
     —— Safer products and a level playing field in the internal market’ Press release (Brussels, 13 February 2013).
     —— ‘The Relationship between CSR and SR/CR Memo for the Community of Practice for Better Self- and Co-Regulation’ (4 March 2014)
     DG SANCO, ‘Self-Regulation in the EU Advertising Sector: A report of some discussion among Interested parties’ (2006)
     Council, ‘Community Charter of the Fundamental Social Rights of Workers’ (Declaration by President Delorson 8 December 1989) accessed 21May 2014
     Parliament, ‘New EU-procurement rules to ensure better quality and value for money’ (Press release, 15 January 2014) accessed 23 March 2014
     Commission, ‘ Construction’ accessed 19 March 2015
     —— ‘CE marking – what does it really mean?’(MEMO/10/257,15 June 2010) accessed 17 March 2015
     —— ‘Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on the award of concession contracts:frequently asked questions’(MEMO/14/19, 15 January 2014) accessed 23 March 2014
     —— ‘Guidelines for successful public - private partnerships’ (March 2003) accessed 13 January 2014
     —— ‘Revision of Public Procurement Directives:frequently asked questions’(MEMO/14/20, 15 January 2014) accessed 23 March 2014
     —— ‘Frequently Asked Questions on Delegated Regulation (EU) No 568/2014 of 18 February 2014 amending Annex V to Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 as regards the assessment and verification of constancy of performance of construction products’ accessed 8 April 2015
     —— ‘Sustainable industrial policy: biodegradable and compostable polymers’ accessed 6 December 2014.
     Communication department of the European Commission, ‘The Treaty at a glance’ accessed 23 March 2014
     European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, ‘Soft law’ accessed 23 March 2014
     Fabrizio SACCHETTI, ‘The legal framework and requirements for SDoC in the EU’ (Seminar on Supplier’s Declaration of conformity Between Taiwan and the EU, Taipei, 21 November 2011)
     Product Safety Forum of Europe (PROSAFE), ‘Best Practice techniques in Market Surveillance’ accessed 19 March 2014
     (五)英國公部門文獻
     Better Regulation Task Force, Principles of Good Regulation (BRTF 2003)
     —— Final Report: Better Regulation-from design to delivery (BRTF 2005)
     Cabinet Office, Consultation principles: guidance (Cabinet Office 2013)
     Department for Communities and Local Government, Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005: Guidance Note No. 1: Enforcement (October 2007)
     Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environmental Permitting Guidance (DEFRA 2010)
     House of Lords Select Committee on the Constitution, The Regulatory State: Ensuring its Accountability (6th Report of Session 2003-04, HL Paper 68–I, 2004)
     London Fire Brigade, ‘Selecting a Risk Assessor’ accessed 11 June 2015
     Norfolk County Council, ‘Businese Advice Fact Sheet: Construction Products Regulation’ (April 2013) accessed 21 February 2015
     Nottinghamshire Fire and Rescue Service, ‘Fire safety convictions’ (08 July 2011) accessed 8 June 2015
     Office of Communications, Criteria for promoting effective co and self-regulation (Statement 2004)
     Office of Rail Regulation, A Guide to ROGS (ORR 2014)
     —— ‘European railway safety legislation’ accessed 9 Novenber 2014
     Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order Statement (19 April 2004)
     (六)書籍或研究報告
     Bartle I and Vass P, Self-regulation and the regulatory state:A survey of policy and practice
     (Research Report 17, Centre for the study of Regulated Industries, University of Bath 2005)
     Blackmore P, The Construction Products Regulation and CE Marking (IHS BRE Press 2012)
     Bradford B and Rickett J, Legal responsibilities of fire risk assessors: A basic guide (Fire Industry Association 2013)
     CNPP ENTREPRISE SARL, A201 Procedure: CE Marking - Assessment and verification of constancy of performance (CNPP ENTREPRISE SARL 2013)
     Craig P and de Búrca G, EU Law: Text, Cases and Materials (5th edn, OUP 2011)
     Fire Risk Assessment Competency Council, A Guide to Choosing a Competent Fire Risk Assessor (1st version, Fire Risk Assessment Competency Council 2013)
     Fire Risk Assessment Competency Council, Competency Criteria for Fire Risk Assessors (1st version, Fire Risk Assessment Competency Council 2011)
     Renda A and Schrefler L, Public - Private Partnerships National Experiences in the European Union (Briefing note No. IP/A/IMCO/SC/2005-160, Centre for European Policy Studies 2006)
     UBAtc, European Technical Assessment Regulation (UBAtc 2014)
     (七)書之篇章
     Coglianese C and Mendelson E, ‘Meta-Regulation and Self-Regulation’ in Martin Cave, Robert Baldwin and Martin Lodge(eds), The Oxford Handbook on Regulation (Oxford University Press 2010)
     Parker C, ‘Meta regulation: legal accountability for corporate social responsibility’ in Doreen McBarnet & Aurora Voiculescu & Tom Cambell (eds), The New Corporate Accountability. Corporate Social Responsibility and the Law (Cambridge University Press 2007)
     (八)期刊論文
     Bartle I and Vass P, ‘Self-Regulation within the Regulatory State: towards a New Regulatory Paradigm?’ (2007) 85(4) Public Administration 885
     Best E, ‘Alternative methods and EU policy-making : what does co-regulation really mean?’ (2008) 2 Eipascope 11
     Black J, ‘Constructing and contesting legitimacyand accountability in polycentricregulatory regimes’ (2008) 2 Regulation & Governance 137
     —— ‘Decentring regulation: understanding the role of regulation and self regulation in a "post-regulatory" world’ (2001) 54 (1) Current Legal Problems 103.
     Bovens M, ‘Analysing and Assessing Accountability: A Conceptual Framework’ (2007) 13(4) European Law Journal 447
     Deighton-Smith R, ‘Regulatory transparency in OECD countries:Overview, trends and challenges’ (2004) 63 (1) Australian Journal of Public Administration 66
     Freeman J, ‘Private Parties, Public Functions and the New Administrative Law’ (2000) 52 Administrative Law Review 813
     Grant RW and Keohane RO, ‘Accountability and Abuses of Power in World Politics’(2005) 99(1) American Political Science Review 29
     Hardin G, ‘The Tragedy of the Commons’ (1968) 162(3859)Science, New Series 1243
     Héritier A and Eckert S, ‘New Modes of Governance in the Shadow of Hierarchy: Self-regulation by Industry in Europe’ (2008) 28(1) Journal of Public Policy 113
     Lenox MJ and Nash J, ‘Industry Self-Regulation and Adverse Selection: A Comparison Across Four Trade Association Programs’ (2003) 12(6) Business Strategy and the Environment 343
     Ogus A, ‘Rethinking Self-regulation’ (1995)15(1) Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 97
     Pelkmans J, ‘The New Approach to Technical Harmonization and Standardization’ (1987) 25(3) Journal of Common Market Studies 249
     Rowan N, ‘The CE Marking-Explaining its Jargon and Acronyms’ (2015) 61 International Fire Protection 74
     (九)研討會論文
     Dubnick MJ, ‘Seeking Salvation for Accountability’ (Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Boston, August 2002)
     Florini AM, ‘Does the Invisible Hand Need a Transparent Glove? The Politics of Transparency’ (Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics, Washington, DC, April 1999)
     (十)電子書或網路單篇文章
     Advertising Standards Authority, ‘ASA Hot Topic:History of ad regulation’ accessed 4 Novenber 2014
     American Chemistry Council and National Association of Chemical Distributors, ‘A Comparison of Care® andResponsible Distribution Initiatives’ (2010) accessed 17 September 2014
     Browne Jacobson LLP, ‘Prosecution of fire risk assessor: First successful prosecution of a fire risk assessor using article 5(3)’ (20 July 2011) accessed 8 June 2015
     Cafaggi F and Renda A, ‘Public and Private Regulation: Mapping the Labyrinth’ (2012) CEPS Working Document No. 370 accessed 18 July 2014
     Chemical Industries Association, ‘Responsible Care around the world’ accessed 17 September 2014
     Companies using renewable and fossil raw materials BASF (Germany), Cargill Dow (USA), Novamont (Italy), Rodenburg Biopolymers (Netherlands) and supporting EU federations IBAW, PlasticsEurope, ERRMA, ‘Unilateral industry self-commitment concerning biodegradable and compostable polymer products’ accessed 6 December 2014
     CPA, BBA, BSI, BRE and TSI, ‘Guidance Note on the Construction Products Regulation’(Version 3, October 2014) accessed 11 March 2015
     European Committee for Normalisation, ‘The "New Approach"’ accessed 3 March 2015
     European Public Health Alliance, ‘EPHA Briefing (June 2014): Self-regulation and Co-regulation in the field of Public Health in the EU’ accessed 15 November 2014
     European Recovered Paper Council, ‘European Declaration on Paper Recycling 2011-2015’ accessed 25 November 2014
     —— ‘Five Years of Raising the Bar in Paper Recycling’ accessed 25 November 2014
     —— ‘Monitoring report 2013’ accessed 25 November 2014
     European Advertising Standards Alliance , ‘2012 EASA Annual Cross-Border Complaints report’ (2012) accessed 6 December 2014
      —— ‘Best practice implementation by European advertising watchdogs: EASA Charter Validation progress report 2005-2011’ accessed 6 December 2014
      —— ‘EASA members (Last updated: January 2013)’ accessed 6 December 2014
     —— ‘European trends in advertising complaints, copy advice and pre-clearance’ (2012) accessed 6 December 2014
     General Medical Council, ‘Our role’ < http://www.gmc-uk.org/about/role.asp > accessed 10 Novenber 2014
     —— ‘UK primary legislation’ accessed 10 Novenber 2014
     Indian Council of Medical Research, ‘Health Effects of the Toxic Gas Leak from Union Carbide Methyl Isocyanate Plant in Bhopal’ (2010) accessed 17 September 2014
     INHOPE, ‘At a glance’ accessed 9 Novenber 2014
     Institution of Fire Engineers, ‘Approved Fire Risk Assessor Training’ accessed 20 June 2015
     —— ‘Guidance for UK Fire Risk Assessor Applicants’ accessed 20 June 2015
     International Chamber of Commerce, ‘Consolidated ICC Code of Advertising and Marketing Communication Practice’ (2011) accessed 6 December 2014
     International Council of Chemical Association, ‘Responsible Care’ accessed 17 September 2014
     International Council on Advertising Self-Regulation (ICAS) , ‘International Guide to Developing a Self-Regulatory Organisation: Practical advice on setting up and consolidating an advertising self-regulatory system’ (2014) accessed 6 December 2014
     Internet Watch Foundation, ‘Culture, Media and Sport Committee Inquiry into harmful content on the internet and in video games’ accessed 9 Novenber 2014
     —— ‘Internet Watch Foundation Annual & Charity Report 2013’ accessed 9 Novenber 2014
      —— ‘IWF History’ < https://www.iwf.org.uk/about-iwf/iwf-history> accessed 9 Novenber 2014
     Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service, ‘The role of the MPTS’ accessed 10 Novenber 2014
     Rail Safety and Standards Board, ‘Strategic Business Plan 2014-2019’ (April 2014) accessed 9 Novenber 2014
     Renda A and Hammerli B, ‘Protecting Critical Infrastructure in the EU’ (2010) CEPS Task Force Report< SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1756710> accessed 12 October 2014
     The European Consumers’ Organisation and European Consumer Voice in Standardisation, ‘ANEC / BEUC position on Voluntary Environmental Agreements’ (24 October 2006) ANEC-ENV-2006-G-048, BEUC/X/060/2006, accessed 30 August 2014.
     Timber Research and Development Association, ‘The European construction products regulation (CPR): An overview and comparison with the construction products directive’ (Version 2, August 2012) accessed 11 March 2015
     
     
     (十一)網路期刊文章
     Senden L, ‘Soft Law, Self-Regulation and Co-Regulation in European Law: Where Do They Meet?’ (2005) 9.1 Electronic Journal of Comparative Law accessed 27 June 2014
     (十二)其他
     EN 54-20:2006 Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 20: Aspirating smoke detectors
     EN 13432: 2000 Packaging. Requirements for packaging recoverable through composting and biodegradation. Test scheme and evaluation criteria for the final acceptance of packaging
     ISO 26000: 2010 Guidance on social responsibility
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