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題名 台灣民眾的政府績效感受與政府信任
Perceptions of Government Performance and Trust in Government作者 林芳如
Lin, Fang Ju貢獻者 黃東益
Huang, Tong Yi
林芳如
Lin, Fang Ju關鍵詞 政府績效
政府信任
公民滿意度
政治態度
government performance
trust in government
citizen satisfaction
political attitude日期 2010 上傳時間 2-十二月-2015 17:01:32 (UTC+8) 摘要 政府信任的研究議題受到政治學以及公共行政的重視與關注，乃因在民主政體中，民眾對政府的信任不僅能提升民主代議制度中政府治理合法性，同時也是促進社會整合與凝聚所不可或缺的要素。政府信任的課題，在台灣解嚴之後，更受到討論與重視。國內相關研究指出，台灣民眾對於政府的信任程度係逐漸下滑的趨勢。因此，系統性地探討、分析影響政府信任的因素，進而提出改善不信任或提升信任感的策略或方法，無論從行政學術研究或政府管理的角度，皆有其研究的必要與價值。本研究結合績效理論途徑與政治途徑來解釋公共服務品質、公共服務倫理、個人屬性傾向與政治態度對政府信任的影響，並運用實證調查來分析驗證。其研究目的有二：一是期能由理論層次釐清個人屬性傾向、政府績效感受、公民滿意度和政府信任之間的辯證關係；另一則是在經驗層次上將這些概念運作化，透過電話調查抽樣訪問台灣地區20歲以上民眾所蒐集的實證資料予以分析檢證，進而瞭解二項理論在解釋政府信任變異上的程度或殊異。 研究結果顯示，台灣民眾對政府信任的現況是民眾對於政府機構與成員的信任程度差異並不大，但其中對於立法院與立法委員的信任相較偏低。此外，民眾對公共服務品質與公共服務倫理評價所形成的政府績效感受，正向影響其公民滿意度，以及對中央政府、地方政府與整體政府之信任。而不同政黨傾向、統獨立場與族群認同的民眾，其對政府績效的感受、公民滿意度與政府信任是有所差異。政黨傾向在政府績效感受、公民滿意度與政府信任的解釋力是不容忽視的。最後比較績效理論與政治理論途徑對政府信任的解釋力，則因民眾對政府角色的認知不同而有別，當將政府視為行政運作或公共服務提供者，績效理論途徑解釋力較佳；相對地，將政府視為政治運作實體或特定執政者，則政治理論途徑解釋力較佳。整體而言，本研究從公共行政的視野填補目前國內在政府信任研究上之缺口，在理論研究上揭示個體績效理論途徑對政府信任的影響，並經由實證調查驗證民眾對公共服務品質、公共服務倫理的感受，對於公民滿意度與政府信任具有顯著解釋力，並根據研究成果分就研究方法、理論模式與行政實務改革等提出建議。
Political science and public administration have placed importance on the issue of citizens` trust in government. In the democratic politics, citizens` trust in government can not only strengthen the legitimacy of political and administrative institutions but also benefits for social integration. In Taiwan, researchers have paid more attention to studying in it after abolishing Martial Law and indicated the trust towards decline. It`s essential for theory and practice of public administration to investigate the key to trust in government. This dissertation reviews the existing researches and surveys to propose a theoretical framework which consists of performance and political theory. Furthermore, it elaborates the relations among political attitude, demographic factors, perceptions of government performance, citizen satisfaction and trust in government. The data used in this dissertation are taken from a computer-assisted telephone interviewing survey of Taiwanese citizens over the age of 20 conducted in 2010. Finally, this dissertation concludes main findings are as follows, first, citizens have a lower level of trust in the Legislative Yuan and legislators. Second, perceptions of government performance, such as public service quality and public service ethic, leads to citizens` satisfaction and trust in government. Party identification significantly affects perceptions of government performance, citizen satisfaction and trust in government. Third, the performance theory is more valid when citizens regard government services and public administration as an important part of government. 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國立政治大學
公共行政學系
90256503資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0090256503 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 黃東益 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Huang, Tong Yi en_US dc.contributor.author (作者) 林芳如 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) Lin, Fang Ju en_US dc.creator (作者) 林芳如 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Lin, Fang Ju en_US dc.date (日期) 2010 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-十二月-2015 17:01:32 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-十二月-2015 17:01:32 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-十二月-2015 17:01:32 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0090256503 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/79535 - dc.description (描述) 博士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 公共行政學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 90256503 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 政府信任的研究議題受到政治學以及公共行政的重視與關注，乃因在民主政體中，民眾對政府的信任不僅能提升民主代議制度中政府治理合法性，同時也是促進社會整合與凝聚所不可或缺的要素。政府信任的課題，在台灣解嚴之後，更受到討論與重視。國內相關研究指出，台灣民眾對於政府的信任程度係逐漸下滑的趨勢。因此，系統性地探討、分析影響政府信任的因素，進而提出改善不信任或提升信任感的策略或方法，無論從行政學術研究或政府管理的角度，皆有其研究的必要與價值。本研究結合績效理論途徑與政治途徑來解釋公共服務品質、公共服務倫理、個人屬性傾向與政治態度對政府信任的影響，並運用實證調查來分析驗證。其研究目的有二：一是期能由理論層次釐清個人屬性傾向、政府績效感受、公民滿意度和政府信任之間的辯證關係；另一則是在經驗層次上將這些概念運作化，透過電話調查抽樣訪問台灣地區20歲以上民眾所蒐集的實證資料予以分析檢證，進而瞭解二項理論在解釋政府信任變異上的程度或殊異。 研究結果顯示，台灣民眾對政府信任的現況是民眾對於政府機構與成員的信任程度差異並不大，但其中對於立法院與立法委員的信任相較偏低。此外，民眾對公共服務品質與公共服務倫理評價所形成的政府績效感受，正向影響其公民滿意度，以及對中央政府、地方政府與整體政府之信任。而不同政黨傾向、統獨立場與族群認同的民眾，其對政府績效的感受、公民滿意度與政府信任是有所差異。政黨傾向在政府績效感受、公民滿意度與政府信任的解釋力是不容忽視的。最後比較績效理論與政治理論途徑對政府信任的解釋力，則因民眾對政府角色的認知不同而有別，當將政府視為行政運作或公共服務提供者，績效理論途徑解釋力較佳；相對地，將政府視為政治運作實體或特定執政者，則政治理論途徑解釋力較佳。整體而言，本研究從公共行政的視野填補目前國內在政府信任研究上之缺口，在理論研究上揭示個體績效理論途徑對政府信任的影響，並經由實證調查驗證民眾對公共服務品質、公共服務倫理的感受，對於公民滿意度與政府信任具有顯著解釋力，並根據研究成果分就研究方法、理論模式與行政實務改革等提出建議。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Political science and public administration have placed importance on the issue of citizens` trust in government. In the democratic politics, citizens` trust in government can not only strengthen the legitimacy of political and administrative institutions but also benefits for social integration. In Taiwan, researchers have paid more attention to studying in it after abolishing Martial Law and indicated the trust towards decline. It`s essential for theory and practice of public administration to investigate the key to trust in government. This dissertation reviews the existing researches and surveys to propose a theoretical framework which consists of performance and political theory. Furthermore, it elaborates the relations among political attitude, demographic factors, perceptions of government performance, citizen satisfaction and trust in government. The data used in this dissertation are taken from a computer-assisted telephone interviewing survey of Taiwanese citizens over the age of 20 conducted in 2010. Finally, this dissertation concludes main findings are as follows, first, citizens have a lower level of trust in the Legislative Yuan and legislators. Second, perceptions of government performance, such as public service quality and public service ethic, leads to citizens` satisfaction and trust in government. Party identification significantly affects perceptions of government performance, citizen satisfaction and trust in government. Third, the performance theory is more valid when citizens regard government services and public administration as an important part of government. Otherwise, the political theory has better explanatory power when citizens refer the concept of government to politics. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1第一節 研究背景與目的 2壹、政府行政改革的論據 2貳、公共服務倫理的論據 5參、政府信任：理性計算之產物？ 9第二節 研究問題與研究方法 11壹、研究問題 12貳、本研究各章之安排 13參、研究方法 13第二章 政府信任文獻探析 15第一節 政府信任的概念意涵 15壹、信任的內涵 15貳、信任的對象 16第二節 政府信任緣起與調查現況 19壹、政府信任與民主治理 19貳、政府信任調查現況 21第三節 政府信任的測量 28第四節 我國政府信任研究現況 33第三章 政府信任的影響因素 35第一節 政府信任研究的分析途徑 35第二節 績效理論途徑：政府績效與政府信任 39壹、政府績效的分析層面：總體vs.個體 39貳、政府績效指標屬性：客觀與主觀 41參、個體績效理論與政府信任 42第三節 績效理論途徑：公共服務倫理與政府信任 49壹、公共服務倫理與民主治理 49貳、公共服務倫理的意涵 50參、公共倫理與政府信任 51第四節 政治理論途徑：背景屬性、政治態度與政府信任 54壹、個人的政府偏見傾向 55貳、背景屬性、政治態度與政府信任：台灣象現的預期 55參、政黨認同與政府信任 57第四章 研究架構與調查設計 61第一節 研究架構與研究假設 61壹、研究架構 61貳、研究假設 62參、研究變項的運作化定義 67第二節 調查方法的設計 72壹、問卷編製、專家預視與調查前測 73貳、調查對象、調查方法與抽樣設計 74第三節 樣本結構之分析 75壹、樣本代表性檢定 75貳、因素分析與問卷信度 79第五章 政府績效、公民滿意度與政府信任之調查分析 83第一節 政府績效、公民滿意度與政府信任之描述統計分析 83壹、政府績效的描述性統計分析 83貳、公民滿意度 85參、政府信任 86第二節 個人背景傾向在政府績效、公民滿意度與政府信任 90壹、個人背景傾向變項在政府績效的差異比較 90貳、個人背景傾向變項在公民滿意度的差異比較 94參、個人背景向變項在政府信任的差異比較 96肆、小結 102第六章 台灣民眾政府信任之因果模型 105第一節 政府績效、公民滿意度與政府信任之迴歸分析 105壹、多元共線性與殘差常態分配之診斷 106貳、政府績效之多元迴歸模型 109參、影響公民滿意度之階層迴歸模型 111肆、政府信任之階層迴歸模型 114伍、公民滿意度中介效果之檢驗 120陸、小結 120第二節 政府信任結構方程模式之分析 126壹、各觀察變項之間的關係 127貳、結構方程模式配適度考驗 128參、結構方程模式中各路徑關係之路徑係數與解釋變異量 132肆、小結 134第七章 研究結論與建議 137第一節 研究假設檢證 137壹、政府績效的影響因素 137貳、公民滿意度的影響因素 139參、影響政府信任的解釋因素 140第二節 研究發現與討論 143壹、台灣民眾政府信任的現況樣貌 143貳、政府績效、公民滿意度與政府信任的關聯 145參、個人屬性傾向與公民滿意度、政府信任的關聯 146肆、政府信任：二元途徑的觀點 147第三節 研究貢獻、研究限制與建議 148壹、研究貢獻 149貳、研究限制與後續研究建議 151參、對政府行政實務的建議 153參考書目 155附錄一 前測因素分析結果 171附錄二 「民眾政府績效感受與政府信任」正式調查問卷 175 zh_TW dc.format.extent 2432519 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0090256503 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 政府績效 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 政府信任 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 公民滿意度 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 政治態度 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) government performance en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) trust in government en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) citizen satisfaction en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) political attitude en_US dc.title (題名) 台灣民眾的政府績效感受與政府信任 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Perceptions of Government Performance and Trust in Government en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 朱武獻。(2006)。政府改造現況與展望。日新法律，第6期，頁172-190。江明修、陳欽春。(2005a)。充實社會資本之研究。行政院經濟建設委員會綜合計畫處編印，新世紀第2期國家建設計畫研擬專題研究系列「社會、法政篇」。台北：行政院經濟建設委員會。江明修、陳欽春。(2005b)。台灣社會資本現況與政策架構發展。發展公益事業建構和諧社會研討會。上海：復旦大學。吳明隆(2009)。結構方程式：AMOS的操作與應用。台北：五南。吳重禮、許文賓(2003)。誰是政黨認同者與獨立選民---以2001年台灣地區選民政黨認同的決定因素為例，《政治科學論叢》，第18期，頁101-140。李世宏、吳重禮(2003)。總統施政表現評價影響因素之分析與比較：以整體施政、經濟發展與兩岸關係為例，公共行政學報，第8期，頁35-71。周子敬編著(2006)。結構方程模式(SEM) 精通LISREL。臺北：全華科技。法務部。(2008)。97年台灣地區廉政指標民意調查研究。法務部。97年臺灣地區廉政指標民意調查第一次調查報告書http://www.acp.moj.gov.tw/public/Data/81226174939991.pdf。法務部調查局。(2007)。廉政工作年報。法務部調查局。(2008)。廉政工作年報。邱皓政(2008)。量化研究方法(二)：統計原理與分析技術。台北：雙葉。施能傑。(2004)。公共服務倫理的理論架構與規範作。政治科學論叢，第20期，頁103～140。洪永泰、陳義彥、黃德福(1995)。台北市民眾市政意向之研究，台北市政府研考會委託研究，國立政治大學選舉研究中心執行。洪永泰。(2007)。台灣地區民眾的政治信任感。http://www.ios.sinica.edu.tw/ios/index.php孫本初。(2004)。公部門知識管理中信任倫理之研究：人際信任與組際信任。2004年第2屆台灣公共行政與公共事務系所聯合會(TASPAA)年會之「多元環境下公共治理的新定位學術研討會」。台北：政大公企中心。盛治仁. 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