瑪塔一定得死─關於《肉體的惡魔》死亡結局的詩學問題

Abstract

雷蒙‧哈狄格(Raymond Radiguet, 1903-1923)的《肉體的惡魔》(Le Diable au Corps)在1923年出版時，立刻引起評論界注意，作品中所描寫的不倫之戀以及作家早熟的寫作才能特別受到矚目。晚近多數的研究主要集中在傳記與文化方面，而詩學方面的研究則集中於體裁、主題、結構、敍事等。\\r 這部作品具有自傳性的特徵，許多細節都反映出少年作家的生活內容。然而故事以女主角瑪塔的病逝收尾，卻與現實相去甚遠。本文將從敍事的角度切入，從作品中話語與情節的佈局來審視敍事節奏如何帶出死亡結局的高潮。接著，試圖闡釋作者殺死女主角的原因。最後，文中將探討作家如何透過藝術化手法實現瑪塔在文本中的死亡，讓情節顯得合理而逼真的同時，兼具濃厚的象徵意義。

Devil in the Flesh (Le Diable au Corps), which is accomplished by adolescent writer Raymond Radiquet, appeared in 1923 instantly it attracted the attention of critics. The most commented are the immoral affair related in the work and writer’s precocious talent to present it. Most of the latest researches are based on biographical and cultural aspects, while other researchers grounded their studies on theories of poetic and focused on genre, theme, structure and narrative. This piece by Radiguet possesses characteristics of an autobiographical novel. Most of the details described in his work reflected existed reality in his real life; nevertheless, the death of the heroine, Marthe, at the end of story is no experienced fact by the author. This paper will develop its arguments on the basis of narrative, to examine how narrative rhythm leads to the culminating point of Marthe’s death at the end of the text by means of composition of speeches and that of plots. Then, we will bring up some possible reasons explaining why the author lets the heroine pass away. Lastly, artistic process of the writing will be unfolded, helping realize how Marthe’s death obtains its symbolic meaning, while staying both reasonable and verisimilar in the novel.