2014 年台湾台北市長選挙の分析

Abstract

2014 年11 月29 日台灣舉辦史上最大規模的地方選舉，其中，台北市長選舉備受各界矚目。國民黨面臨馬英九施政滿意度低迷的危機、又歷經洪仲秋事件、太陽花學運等公民運動的衝擊、世代與分配正義價值觀的興起，加上高人氣的台大醫師柯文哲來勢洶洶的挑戰，使得國民黨在長期執政的台北市出現選情緊繃。雙方在競選過程展開激烈角力，從候選人形象對比、競選主軸、負面攻擊，到新舊媒體之戰，都與過去選舉有很大的不同。連勝文的權貴形象與當前分配正義的價值觀格格不入；相對地，柯文哲的平民形象與超越藍綠的政治理念受到較多民眾青睞。此外，柯文哲首次使用新媒體與資訊科技的競選宣傳方式，不僅落實「全民參與」的競選主軸，也成功化解各項負面攻擊。最後，無黨籍的柯文哲擊敗連勝文而當選台北市長，選舉結果造成台北市政治版圖巨幅震盪。

On November 29, 2014, Taiwan held the largest local elections in its history, with the race in Taipei City receiving particular attention. The ruling Kuomintang （KMT） faced a crisis marked by the confluence of President Ma Ying-jeou’s low approval ratings, the impact of civil movements following the death of Army Corporal Hung Chung-chiu as well as the Sunflower Student Movement, and the emergence of new values concerning generational and distributive justice. Combined with the popularity of the opposition candidate, National Taiwan University Hospital physician Ko Wen-je, these factors produced a tight election in Taipei City, where the KMT had long been in a dominating position. The fierce electoral competition between the two sides was unprecedented, with the starkly contrasting images of the candidates, campaign themes, negative attacks, and the war between new and old media marking very different trends from past elections. Many people perceived the elite image of the KMT candidate Sean Lien as out of step with the new values of distributive justice, but favored Ko as an ordinary citizen and his political philosophy that moved beyond the classic “blue-green” party-lines divide. In addition, Ko pioneered the use of new media and informational technology campaigning, putting into practice the idea of “public participation” throughout his campaign while also successfully neutralizing negative attacks. In the end, Ko defeated Lien to become Taipei City mayor, producing a huge shock for the city’s traditional political establishment.