國際合作創新的模式: 以韓國、台灣和中國為例

Abstract

本研究的主要目標是描述 1980 年至 2018 年韓國、台灣、中國出現的國際合作發明的模式，希望從中了解外國公司在韓國、台灣、中國之技術發展過程中扮演的腳色。本研究使用了 USPTO 的發明人及受讓人資料進行分析。研究結果顯示發現到三個國家的合作發明專利之發明人數都是呈現上升趨勢，而中國的平均發明人數普遍更高。從專利的所有權、授權專利數分析，了解韓國、台灣偏向於主導腳色，而授權的專利數與比例也較高，而中國偏向於配角的腳色。結果表明，這三個國家選定產品的製造領域、出口實力與技術領域的發展非常相應，因此吸引國際合作產生。

The research joint ventures (RJVs) have taken the central role of the study; however, literature investigating RJVs neglected the analyses of authorship composition that may facilitate the cross border transition of cutting edge technologies. This dissertation tries to bridge the gap on international collaboration of patent applications by utilizing patent application and granted data published by United States Patent and Trademark Office. Our results show that Taiwan, Korea and China have some similar features to advance key innovations in strategic key industries concerning semiconductor or applied physics. Especially, Taiwan and Korea have been indulging in cross-border development of noticeable shares of patent applications and taken the leading role in the syndicating R&D activities. Although mainland China also conducted a rising share of international syndicating R&D projects, we do not see the leading role played by China as for the case in Taiwan and Korea. The whole rising trend of international R&D syndication shows the complementary role played by Taiwan, Korea and China in the patent applications; however, true contributions may be different in each case of ownership derivation.