日本太空政策及其軍事化議題

Abstract

受制於憲法第九條的規範性影響，日本社會衍生出「反軍事主義」文化，在此氛圍下，國會於1969年通過附帶決議，將日本太空發展侷限於和平且非軍事目的。2008年5月21日，日本國會通過《太空基本法》，解除前述附帶決議禁令的同時。為因應美國成立太空軍司令部，日本也在航空自衛隊先後新編「太空作戰隊」以及具備司令部功能的「太空作戰群」。此舉意味著日本自衛隊正式邁出太空化第一步，並且朝向建構太空版日美同盟發展，對於日本國防戰略以及日美同盟都具有重要的戰略意涵。

Owing to the normative influence of Article 9 of the Constitution, Japanese society has developed a culture of “anti-militarism”. Under this atmosphere, Japan’s Diet passed an Attached Resolutions limiting Japan’s space development to peaceful and non-military purposes in 1969. On May 21, 2008, the Japan’s Diet passed the “Basic Space Law”, which lifted the aforementioned restrictions. In response to the establishment of the Space Force Command by the United States, Japan has also successively created a new “Space Combat Team” and a “Space Combat Group” with the function of a command in the Air Self-Defense Force. It means that the Japan Self-Defense Force has officially taken the first step in spaceization and is developing towards the construction of a space version of the Japan-US alliance, which has important strategic implications for Japan’s national defense strategy and the Japan-US alliance.