美國過度擴張：全球反恐戰爭對墨西哥毒品戰爭的影響

Abstract

本論文旨在探討美國是否因其對世界各地戰爭和干預的外交政策歷史，而變得過度擴張。本文聚焦在全球反恐戰爭對毒品戰爭的影響，特別是在墨西哥的影響。因此，本文主要問題為「在美國同時專注於全球反恐戰爭的背景下，美國全球毒品戰爭對墨西哥的安全和穩定有什麼影響？」\n\n然而，建立美國對墨西哥和拉丁美洲整體地區的外交政策背景是至關重要的。該背景為未來美國在全球反恐戰爭期間的外交政策奠定了基礎，這一政策基礎決定了毒品戰爭的影響。考慮到美國作為全球自由民主的典範形象，有必要從自由民主的角度來確定其在實施外交政策時是否實踐了向世界所宣揚的理念。本研究運用質性研究方法，通過小樣本最相似案例研究，以哥倫比亞和墨西哥作為案例，確定美國的外交政策策略和結果。數據來源包括二手研究文章和已退休的美國緝毒局（D.E.A.）探員的訪談，其中包括歐巴馬政府時期的副行政官員，以及現已退休的美國司法部特別行動處的探員。本研究發現，政治意願在確定建立穩定的事件是否發生或未發生中發揮了重要作用。

This Thesis aimed to determine whether or not the United States had become overstretched because of its foreign policy history of wars and interventions worldwide. The main focus was the Global War on Terror`s implications on the War on Drugs, specifically in Mexico. Therefore, the primary question was, “What were the implications for the security and stability of Mexico given the U.S. Global War on Drugs in the context of the U.S. simultaneously focusing on the GWOT?” However, it was imperative to establish a background of U.S. foreign policies toward Mexico and the wider Latin American region. That background laid a foundation for future U.S. foreign policies during the GWOT, which determined the implications of the War on Drugs. Due to the United States’ image of being the epitome of liberal democracy worldwide, it was necessary to use a liberal democratic perspective to determine if it practiced what it preached to the world while implementing its foreign policies. This study utilized qualitative research methods via small n most similar Case Studies, using Colombia and Mexico to determine U.S. foreign policy strategies and outcomes. Data were retrieved from secondary research articles and interviews by retired D.E.A. agents, such as the Deputy Administrator under Obama’s presidency and the now retired Special Agent in Charge of the United States Department of Justice, Special Operations Division. The results of the findings determined that political will played a significant role in the events that occurred or failed to occur in establishing stability.