COVID-19 疫情對台灣大行業別影響之實證分析

Abstract

新型冠狀病毒(COVID-19)自 2019 年末爆發以來，對全球各國經濟和社會 造成深刻的影響，並直接或間接影響多個行業的勞動市場。本文使用 2017 年至 2022 年受僱員工薪資調查數據，從勞動需求方的角度量化 COVID-19 對薪資、 僱用人數、員工進退率等勞動市場指標所帶來的影響，運用差異中之差異法 (Differences-in-differences, DID)的研究方法，比較疫情期間與非疫情期間的差 異情況，以確定疫情對勞動市場的影響程度，了解不同行業在疫情衝擊下的適 應能力和市場變化，並加入性別、遠距工作能力變數，更全面分析疫情間各項 變數是否會對結果產生影響。\n實證結果除了量化 2020 年至 2022 年三年疫情對各行業的影響，還發現此 影響會因性別、遠距工作能力而有所差異。

Since its outbreak in late 2019, COVID-19 has profoundly impacted economies and societies globally, directly or indirectly affecting labor markets across various industries. This paper employs data from the Employee Earnings Survey spanning from 2017 to 2022 to quantify the effects of COVID-19 on labor market indicators such as wages, employment figures, employee turnover rates, and more, from the perspective of labor demand. Using the Differences-in-Differences (DID) research methodology, we compare the differences during the pandemic period with those during non-pandemic periods, aiming to ascertain the extent of COVID-19`s influence on the labor market. By doing so, we seek to comprehend the adaptive capacities and market dynamics of different industries in response to the pandemic`s impact, while also incorporating variables such as gender and remote work capabilities to conduct a more comprehensive analysis of potential influences on the outcomes.\nThe empirical results not only quantify the effects of the pandemic on various industries from 2020 to 2022 but also reveal variations in impact due to gender and remote work capabilities.