Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/34475
DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.advisor劉義周zh_TW
dc.contributor.author吳振嘉zh_TW
dc.contributor.authorWu, Jack Chen-Chiaen_US
dc.creator吳振嘉zh_TW
dc.creatorWu, Jack Chen-Chiaen_US
dc.date2003en_US
dc.date.accessioned2009-09-19T07:44:53Z-
dc.date.available2009-09-19T07:44:53Z-
dc.date.issued2009-09-19T07:44:53Z-
dc.identifierG0088252017en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/34475-
dc.description碩士zh_TW
dc.description國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description政治研究所zh_TW
dc.description88252017zh_TW
dc.description92zh_TW
dc.description.abstract本文希望填補以往選舉制度研究文獻不對稱的情況。對選舉制度如何被選擇的上游研究給予適當重視,嘗試建構關於選舉制度改革的解釋架構,並以比較研究的觀點,分析日本與台灣選舉制度改革問題。\n本文的核心觀點是選舉制度的形成與變遷不是獨立存在,而是受到政治系統中早已經形成的制度限制及分岐情況所影響。九○年代選舉制度變革所呈現的兩點特徵:政黨體系優先於選舉制度、選制變遷乃是在各種已存選舉制度中作選擇。選舉制度的類型依其效果可以排列在一條光譜線上,兩端分別為重視穩定性及重視比例性,選擇則是光譜上的位移。政黨體系、選舉制度、以及社會議題分歧長期的不協調將會產生改革趨力,如果再與政治系統的效能低落連上關係,社會結構就具有啟動改革的可能性。當改革議題進入議程,行動者的偏好就受到結構性因素及理性因素的影響,最後在兩組因素交互作用下,決定制度在光譜上的落點。\n就日本與台灣的比較而言,兩者的主要政黨對於選制改革的態度,基本上沿著席次增減的利益考量與相對實力認知及結盟可能性而定調或轉變。民主體系下,政黨基於理性而對於選制改革的偏好與表現出來的行為,其實有一定的脈絡可尋,但各國的結構性因素的差異卻可能間接地影響選擇結果。\n以日本為例,1993年大選後,政黨重組及取得政府的執政權力做為重要的目標,改變了各黨對選制改革的偏好,進而促成改革談判的空間。新議題的進入使得政黨偏好短期改變並改變談判空間,在改變規則限制不大下逕行政治交易而通過改革方案。其新制度的落點則是朝野政黨折衝修正的結果。\n使用同樣的解釋架構來看台灣的選制改革問題。結構因素使改革的提案範圍為各種不同組合的「混合制」,但高門檻的改變規則成為重要的阻礙。政黨體系日漸地分化,與改革成功必須組成3/4絕對多數的方向有基本地衝突,形成改革的困境。就行動者考量而言,國、民兩黨皆各有堅持,並互相握有否決權,使1997年的修憲擱置選制改革。2000年及2001年的大選雖然因政黨版圖改變,而改變政黨對選制改革的立場,但由於改變的高門檻,終將使得這一波改革前景堪慮。\n相較於日本在九○年代發生數次重大的政治弊案,造成選民對政治系統失靈的認知,並以選票支持倡言改革的候選人,使改革問題與取得執政權產生關聯性。台灣彷彿尚缺乏一項重要的觸媒,使改革問題真正進入議程,民眾雖對於立法委員的表現普遍不滿,卻仍未與政治系統的失靈產生關係。\n如果選舉制度改革是台灣政治改革的必經途徑之一,那麼,依本文的解釋架構來推測,今後有利的發展方式可以有幾個。首先是修正改變規則的高門檻或是引入公投機制,其次是期待政黨結構的改變,最後,一個具有觸媒效果的關鍵事件可能會戲劇化地加速改革的完成。zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents第一章 緒論 1\n 第一節 研究動機 1\n 第二節 文獻檢閱 5\n 第三節 研究範圍界定 19\n 第四節 章節安排 24\n第二章 選舉制度變革的解釋架構 25\n 第一節 現象 25\n 第二節 依變項:可供選擇的選舉制度 28\n 第三節 選舉制度變革的主要假設 40\n 第四節 選舉制度變革的影響因素 45\n第三章 日本選舉制度變革 53\n 第一節 中選舉區制與日本政治 55\n 第二節 日本選制改革過程 67\n 第三節 影響日本選制變革的各項因素 73\n 第四節 小結 98\n第四章 台灣選舉制度變革 103\n 第一節 台灣的「單記非讓渡投票制」 105\n 第二節 台灣選制改革的歷史 124\n 第三節 台灣選制改革的相關因素 129\n 第四節 未完的改革:2001立委選後的改革問題 143\n 第五節 小結:未來的台灣選舉制度改革 152\n第五章 結論 155\n參考書目 167zh_TW
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dc.language.isoen_US-
dc.source.urihttp://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0088252017en_US
dc.subject選舉制度zh_TW
dc.subject日本zh_TW
dc.subject台灣zh_TW
dc.subject選舉制度變革zh_TW
dc.title選舉制度變革的影響因素--以日本、台灣為例zh_TW
dc.typethesisen
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