一個對台灣照顧住宅使用的質化觀點

Abstract

本研究針對行政院長期照護先導計劃在嘉義市試辦的照顧住宅評估其初步的效果，藉以瞭解入住住民之人口特質、使用者決定入住的因素、有需求卻未使用的因素以及對服務的建議。研究採深入訪談法（19位住民、13位照顧者）、焦點團體法（四位照顧經理）、一位社工員與次級資料分析法。研究發現住民入住的原因有（一）由自己決定：滿足獨立安居的需要、希望有互動的同伴、與媳婦相處困難、便利就近醫療；（二）與子女（家屬）共同參與決定：方便子女照顧、保護性看視與三餐供應、無障礙環境設施、就醫服務的銜接、有同伴的互動、住宅位置生活機能便利、負擔得起費用等因素。本研究也探討有需求卻未使用服務的因素。最後提出政策、實務和研究上的建議。

The purpose of this study intended to examine the reasons for using or not using an assisted living facility (ALF) founded in an experimental community. In-depth interviews (19 residents, 13 primary caregivers and one social worker) and a focus group of case managers (n=4) were utilized to collect the information. The secondary data concerning of the cost and service delivery were also used. The important findings are as followed: Reasons for using ALF: ALF can satisfy the need for independent living, ALF can provide companionship, ALF can provide access to needed health care, children can take care of the elderly or visit the elderly more conveniently, ALF can provide watchful oversight, ALF can provide barrier-free housing environment, the expenses are affordable etc. Reasons for not using ALF: Sending parents to ALF is traditionally not filial, families cannot afford the expenses, the facility does not meet the housing expectation, nursing homes or life-line equipments are alternatives to ALF. In general, most of them (17 residents) were satisfied with the facility and services. Finally, policy, practice and research implications were discussed.