Non-Disposal ＂Ka＂ in Taiwan Southern Min

Abstract

台灣閩南語的 ka 字除了引導受事者外，尚可引導標的、來源、受惠者、受\\r 害者論旨。受事者、標的、來源 ka 字句的 ka 名詞組與動後受詞語意相關。\\r 另外，與受事者 ka 字句相較之下，標的、來源 ka 字句通常除主詞外，動 詞尚需二論元。而受惠者/受害者 ka 字句與其他 ka 字句不同處在於，受惠 者/受害者論元常為非必要論元。本文討論的對象為非表處置意的 ka 字句。\\r 本文採用 Lin (2010)就處置意 ka 字句所提出的分析法來解釋標的/來源 ka 字句的結構。另外，受惠與受害 ka 字句語意相關，並且有相同的結構。這\\r 四類非表處置意的 ka 字句中，兩類（標的、來源）跟表處置意 ka 字句有\\r 相同的結構，而受惠者/受害者 ka 字句則有其獨有的結構。

In addition to denoting disposal, ka in Taiwan Southern Min has other functions such as introducing goal, source, benefactive, and adversative. Like the disposal ka-construction, the ka NP in goal/source ka constructions is semantically related to the postverbal object. Compared with the disposal ka-construction, goal/source ka-constructions sometimes require one more postverbal argument. As for benefactive/adversative ka-constructions, they differ from the other ka-constructions in that the benefactive/adversative argument is often optional. This paper discusses the non-disposal ka constructions, and it argues that Lin’s (2010) account of the disposal ka-construction can be applied to account for goal/source ka-constructions. The benefactive ka-construction and the adversative ka-construction are semantically related, and they also have the same structure. To sum up, among the four types of non-disposal ka construction, two of them (goal and source) are argued to have the same structure as that for a disposal ka-construction, and the benefactive/adversative ka-constructions have their own distinctive structure.