Noun Modification of "A-i" and "A-kuno"

Abstract

It was appointed out that ”ooi”, ”tooi”, ”tikai” have the corresponding forms ”ookuno”, ”tookuno”, ”tikakuno”, but ”sukunai” doesn`t have the corresponding form ”*sukunakuno”. In this paper, ”ooi”, ”sukunai”, ”tooi”, ”tikai” are indicated as ”A-i”, and ”ookuno”, ”tookuno”, ”tikakuno” are indicated as ”A-kuno”. The aim of this paper is to clarify the differences between ”A-i” and ”A-kuno” in noun modification. The results are as follows.(l)”A-i” denotes attributes. But ”A-i” by itself can`t give the attributes to noun to discriminate from others, so it modifies nouns with ”X+A-i”(2)”A-kuno” denotes physical quantity or distance, the meaning that ”A-i” does not have. By (1) (2), the next principle can be made (3) the meaning of ”A-i” corresponding to ”A-kuno” doesn`t have noun modification, but the meaning of ”A-i” not corresponding to ”A-kuno” has noun modification.

｢多い/少ない｣｢遠い/近い｣之中，｢多い｣｢遠い｣｢近い｣有｢多くの｣｢遠くの｣｢近くの｣這些對應的形態。本稿將｢多い/少ない｣｢遠い/近い｣四字以｢A-い｣，與之對應的｢多くの｣｢遠くの｣｢近くの｣三字以｢A-くの｣表示。本稿目的在於釐清｢A-い｣と｢A-くの｣的名詞修飾用法之特徴。由本稿的分析結果｢A-い｣和｢A-くの｣的名詞修飾用法特徴可整理如下。①｢A-い｣表屬性。但｢A-い｣單獨無法賦予被修飾名詞和其他名詞區別的属性，必須以｢X+A-い｣的形態修飾名詞。②｢A-くの｣表物理数量或距離。主要在補足｢A-い｣所不具備的限定名詞物理数量或距離的用法。由①②的特徴可抽出以下一般性原則。③與｢A-くの｣的意思相對應的｢A-い｣不具名詞修飾用法。與｢A-くの｣的意思不對應的｢A-い｣則具有名詞修飾用法。